Oc 973.74 Aalev V.7 pt.2 1721571 M.L REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION Cro confederate _, Military History a library of confederate states history, in twelve volumes, written by distin- guished men of the south, and edited by gen. clement a. evans of georgia VOL. L. VIL ^^^^^ Atlant.-i, Ga. Confederate Publishing; Company 1899 1721571 Copyright, 1S99, BT Confederate Publishiso Company. r';;:t:::f I CONTENTS— ALABAMA. PAGE. CHAPTER I. Introductory— The First Spanish Occupation of Alabama — Battles Fought by De Soto— Settlement at Mobile — French and Spanish Wars — English Control — Indian Wars — War of 1812 — Seminole and Florida Wars — Alabamians in the War with Jlexico 3 CHAPTER II. Secession and Its Causes— The Slavery Ques- tion— Alabama's Declaration Prior to the Nomination of Lincoln — The Charleston Convention — Result of the Elec- tion— Hope of Peaceable Secession — Expressions of Adams and Webster — Greeley Opposed to Coercion 16 CHAPTER III. The State Convention— Variance of Opinion on Secession — Adoption of the Ordinance of Secession — Or- ganization of Military Forces — Campaigns and Battles in Alabama — Some of Alabama's Distinguished Soldiers 34 CHAPTER IV. The Alabama Infantry- Regiments— Brief His- tory of Each Organization — Their Service as Shown by the Official Records 52 CHAPTER V. The Alabama Cavalry Commands— Regiments, Battalions and Detached Companies — References to Their Services in the Official Records 249 CHAPTER VI. Batteries Composed of Alabama Troops— Their Organization and Officers — Records from the Official Reports 309 BIOGRAPHICAL 353 .: A- ILLUSTRATIONS— ALABAMA. FACING PAGE. Alabama, Map of Between pages 382 and 383 Allen, William W 412 Baker, Alphels : 392 Battle, Cullen A 400 Bowles, Pinckney D 392 Bulger, Michael J 412 Cantey, James 400 Clanton, James H 400 Clayton, Henry D , 392 Deas, Z.\chariah C 400 Deshler, Ja.mes 400 Forney, John H 4H Forney, William H 392 FRy, Birkett D 400 Garrott, Isham W 400 Gorgas, Josi ah 400 Gracie, Archibald 412 Hagan, James 392 HoLTZCLAW, James T 392 Johnston, George D 392 Law, Ev.\nder M 392 Lf.adbetter, Danville 392 Mobile, Map of the Defenses "k 45 Moody, \''>vsg M ..; 400 Morgan, John T 393 0'Ne.\l, Edwaku a 400 Perry, Willi am F 400 Pettus, Edmond W 412 RoDDEv, Phillip D 392 RODES Ropert E 412 S.'VNDERs. John C. C 412 Shelley, Charles M 400, 444 Tr.\cv, Edward D 412 Wheeler, Joskph. i Withers, Jones M 392 Wood, S. A. M 412 CONTENTS— MISSISSIPPI. PAGE. CHAPTER I. Civil Action o£ the State in Seceding from the Federal Union — Review of the Reasons for Secession — Legislature Provides for Convention — Proceedings of the Same . ., 3 CHAPTER II. Purchase of Arms— Organization of State Troops — Jetferson Davis Commander-in-Chief — Troops at Corinth — First Hostilities on the Mississippi lo CHAPTER III. Mississippi Troops Without the State, 1861— At Pensacola — Fight at Santa Rosa Island — The Regiments in Virginia — Their Service at First ^lanassas and Leesburg 19 CHAPTER IV. Defense of the Mississippi River— Albert Sid- ney Johnston's Army — State Troops in Kentucky — Battle of Belmont — Fishing Creek — Fort Henr^- — Fort Donelson — Re- organization at Corinth — Battle of Shiloh 31 CHAPTER V. Siegeof Corinth— Engagements at Farraington and Serratt's House — Evacuation of Corinth — Affair at Booneville — Organization at Tupelo — Patriotism of the People — Bragg Moves to Chattanooga 52 CHAPTER VI. Blockade of the Mississippi River— Ship Island — Bilo.^i and Pass Christian — Fall of New Orleans — First Attack on Vicksburg— Exploits of the Ram Arkansas— Bat- tle of Baton Rouge 67 CHAPTER VII. Campaigns of Price and Van Dom— Battle of luka — Mississippi Commands in Van Dorn's Army — Battle of Corinth — Hatchie Bridge — Grant's Campaign on the Cen- tral Railroad — Invasion trom Arkansas— Forrest m West Tennessee — Van Dorn at Holly Springs — President Davis Visits Mississippi — Sherman Defeated at Chickasaw Bavou. S3 CHAPTER VIII. Service of Mississippians Without the Statj in 1862 — Munfordville — Perryville — Murfreesboro — York- town — Seven Pines — Shenandoah Valley — Seven Days' Bat- tles— Second .Manassas — Harper's Ferry — Sharpsburg — Fredericksburg loS CH.-\PTER IX. Operations in Mississippi — January to July, 1863— Federal Fortes at Young's Point— E.xpeditions North of Vicksburg— Organization of Confederate Forces— Grier- son's Raid— Grant at Bruinsburg— Battles of Fort Gibson and Raymond — Plans of Johnston and Pemberton— Battle of Baker's Creek— Big Black Bridge— Siege of Vicksburg— Pemberton's Capitulation 123 CHAPTER X. Operations in Mississippi — July to December, 18G3 — Siege of Jackson— Minor Operations in the State — Service of Mississippians Outside the State— Battle of Chickamauga — Knoxville — Chancellorsville — Missionary Ridge— Ringgold— Gettysburg , i6i CHAPTER XI. Events of 1S64— Feder.U Plans of Campaign —Organization under General Polk — Siierman's Meridian fl '.(.O COA'TENTS. PAG p. Expedition— Federal Defeat at Sakatonchee Creek and Oko- lona— Destruction of Meridian— Forrest in West Tennessee — Organization under Gen. S. D. Lee— Victory at Tisha- mingo Creek — Battle of Harrisburg— Raid to Jlemphis — Raid on the Tennessee River— Minor Operations i86 CHAPTER XII. Mississippi Commands Without the State, 1864— Atlanta Campaign — Nasliville Campaign— Eastern Virginia Campaign — Shenandoah Valley Campaign 211 CHAPTER XIII. Events of 1S65— Forrest in Command— De- plorable Suffering of the People — Cavalry Organizations — Battle of Selma — General Taylor at Meridian— Mississippi- ans in Virginia and the Carolinas — Capitulation of General Taylor — Summary of Mississippi's Contribution of Soldiers — Inauguration of Governor Humphreys 223 BIOGRAPHICAL 233 ILLUSTRATIONS— MISSISSIPPI. facing page. Adams, Wirt 236 Alcorn, Ja.mes L 236 Baker's Creek, Battlefield ok (Map) 144 Baldwin, William E 236 Barksdale, William 252 Benton, Samuel 252 Brandon, William L 252 Brantly, William F 236 Chalmers, James R 236 Clark, Cii.\rli;s 252 COOI'ER, DoiGLAS H. 252 Davis, JosErii R 235 Davis, Reuben 252 FeATHERSTON, WiNFlELD S 252 French, Samuel G 236 Griffith, Richard 252 Gholson, Sa.mifl J 236 Harris, Nathaniel H 252 Harrisburg, Battlefield of (Map) 201 Hooker, Charlijs E i Humphreys. Benjamin G , 252 Lowrey, Mark P 236 LowRY, Robert 273 Martin, Will T 236 Mississippi, Map of 232 Posey, Carnot \\ 273 Sears. Claudius W _"' j^j 273 Starke^ Petfr B 271 TUCK.K. WlIMAM F 2.\ Van d.kn, kaki :::::::;: 2-\ Vk-kshurg Campaign, Map .t ,f,^ Walthall, Edward C !!!!!!.!! 273 3.MITH Jacob H , J.\MES A.. ";5?^ K i y 2'/ ii^(y{x^. ALABAMA BY Lieut.-Gen. Joseph Wheeler. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY— THE FIRST SPANISH OCCUPATION OF ALABAMA— BATTLES FOUGHT BY DE SOTO — SET- TLEMENT AT MOBILE — FRENCH AND SPANISH WARS— ENGLISH CONTROL — INDIAN WARS — WAR OF 1812— SEMINOLE AND FLORIDA WARS— ALABAM- lANS IN THE WAR WITH MEXICO. IT was Easter Sunday, March 27, 15 13. The South- em sun was shining brightly over the placid bay of St. Augustine. Blooming flowers in the rich profu- sion characteristic of that soil and climate delighted the eye with their beauty and filled the air with their fra- grance. The natives gathering on the beach gazed out upon the waters with awe and wonder at the white- winged ships slowly but surely approaching their shores. It was the fleet of Spain, commanded by John Ponce de Leon, who had been one of the companions of Columbus .m his second voyage. He came now furnished with a royal charter to explore and conquer. This expedition and others, dispatched in rapid succes- sion during the century following the first voyage of Co- lumbus, resulted in confirming the dominion of Spain in all of South and Central America, Mexico, and much of what is now the southern portion of the United States. I" '535. a French expedition under Cartier sailed up the St Lawrence and gave the name of New France to the territory along its shores. As early as 1497 the Cabots received patents from the English crown to set up the royal standard in any of the newly-discovered lands, but with the exception of the expedition under the ill-starred Lord Raleigh, the first attempt to plant an English col- '■•ny in America was that at Jamestown in 1607. So the 4 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Saxon or English-speaking people were nearly a century behind the Latin race in their attempt to assert jurisdic- tion over, take possession of and occupy territory upon the new continent. But, with the exception of Napo- leon's momentary control in Louisiana, the rule of France in this country was effectually terminated by the treaty of Paris on February 7, 1763; and the Spanish crown, which once exercised dominion over all explored parts of America, and claimed the right to all by virtue of discov- ery, is now left without sovereignty in the Western hemisphere. In April, 1528, Pamfilo de Xarvaez landed with 300 men on the shore of Tampa baj'. He marched northward, believing that in the interior he would find a wealthy empire similar to those of Mexico and Peru. The greater number of this expedition perished, but Alvar Nufiez and four companions made their way westward, passed through south Alabama, and finally reached the Spanish settlement of Mexico. These were the first white men who ever trod the soil of Alabama. In Ma}', 1539, Her- nando de Soto, with 1,000 chosen cavaliers, most of them from the best blood of Spain and Portugal, sailed into Tampa bay and disembarked at about the same spot where Nar\-aez landed eleven years before. Many months were spent in exploring eastern Florida, and then he turned northwardly into Georgia, at ever}- turn con- fronted by a trackless wilderness and often surrounded by hostile tribes of Lidians. In one of his earliest con- flicts with natives he rescued Jean Ortiz, one of the Spanish followers of Xarvaez, who for eleven years had been held as a prisoner by the Indians. The knowledge of the Indian customs and language acquired by Ortiz during captivity was of invaluable use to De Soto. On July 2, 1540, the army passed from Georgia into Alabama at the site of the Indian village of Costa, which was situated near where the city of Rome, Ga., now stands. De Soto was received kindly by the Indian CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 5 chieftain, but depredations committed by some of the sol- diers precipitated a conflict, which, however, was quelled by the courage and presence of mind of De Soto, and the wrath of the natives appeased. The wily Spaniard then enticed the chief within his lines and held him as hostage until he was ransomed with provisions and slaves. On July 26th, De Soto approached the town of Coosa. The chieftain with 1,000 tall, sprightly and active warriors came out to meet him with the most friendly greetings, but, like the chieftain of Costa, he, too, was held as a pris- oner and hostage to enable De Soto to extort ransom and to prevent any hostility on the part of the Indian warriors. De Soto then turned southward to Maubila, the principal city of the Maubilians, which was situated at what is now Choctaw Bluff, Clarke county. Tuskaloosa, the chieftain of that tribe, was a verj^ handsome man about forty years old and of most extraordinary stature ; he was entirely undemonstrative, but it soon became evident that he regarded the Spaniards with grave suspi- cion. Nevertheless, upon entering the city they were received with music, the most graceful dancing of beau- tiful Indian girls, and other outward signs of hospitality. The Spaniards soon found that they were in the midst of an armed force of Indians fully ten times their num- ber. A dispute between a native and a Spanish officer was the beginning of a most terrible battle; De Soto succeeded in getting oiitside of the gates, and deployed his soldiers so as to meet the svrarm of Indir.ns that were sweeping down upon them, a large body of which were directing their attack upon the horses of the Spaniards. The Indians used missiles of all kinds. Bows and arrows were used with great skill, while in hand-to-hand conflict the savages fought with wooden cleavers and enormous clubs. After three hours of battle, the Spanish were reinforced by the arrival of their rear guard under Mus- coso. Encouraged by this addition of fresh troops, the heavily-armored Spaniards, with their superior weapons, 6 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. rushed upon their opponents, indiscriminately slaughter- ing them without regard to age or sex. The Spanish accounts tell us this battle lasted nine hours; that ii,ooo Indians were slain, while the Spaniards lost 8i killed and nearly every Spanish warrior was wounded. The killed included Rodriguez, a noble Portuguese of high rank, and two nephews of De Soto — Diego De Soto and Don Carlos Enriquez. Many of the Spanish horses were killed and much of their provisions, clothing and stores of various description were destroyed. The desperate con- dition of the Spaniards in a hostile wilderness, many of them seriously wounded and with scanty supplies, was more than counterbalanced by the terror which their prodigies of valor had aroused in the savages. This conflict, one of the most severe in the history of that character of warfare, was very near the site of Fort Mim.s, where, on August 30, 1813, 273 years afterward, the Creek warrior, Weatherford, with 1,000 savage fol- lowers, attacked, and during a five hours' conflict slaugh- tered 53 1 men, women and children, including white sol- diers, friendly Indians and negroes. The original plan of De Soto was to rejoin his ships in Pensacola bay. but fearing that many of his followers would refuse to remain with him for further exploration he turned toward the northwest, passing through the countr>- that now forms the counties of Clarke, Marengo, Greene and Pickens. During the journey he had many conflicts with the Indians, encountering a large force on the Black Warrior with which he had a "very serious engagement. He then turned into the Indian village of Chickasaw, near the site of the modem city of Columbus, Miss. De Soto and his followers had occupied five months in passing through what is now the State of Alabama. They were met on the eastern border with the most hos- pitable and kindly treatment, which they returned with treachery, cruelty, injustice and destruction, leaving ruin and desolation in their path. The story of these five CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 7 months of bloodshed by De Soto furnishes the first authentic account of warfare within the boundaries of Alabama. Although after this for a century and a half the foot of white man never pressed the soil of this territory, still the inhabitants did not enjoy it in peaceful possession. After the death of Montezuma and the conquest of Mex- ico by Cortez, the Muscogees, a powerful tribe of Indians from the northwestern part of that country, being unwill- ing to submit to the control of the Spaniards, sought new homes to the eastward, and we have vague accounts of the battles fought, by which they despoiled weaker and more peaceful tribes and occupied the territory, where they were found by French explorers toward the end of the seventeenth century. In April, 1682, La Salle took possession of the mouth of the Mississippi river, and the French Canadians were active about this time in founding settlements along that river and upon the Gulf coast. In 1699 the Spaniards made a settlement at Pensacola and also laid claim to Mobile bay. Lords Bienville and Iberville founded the town of Natchez, and in 1702 they built Fort Louis (de la Louisiana) at the mouth of Dog river. The French found large numbers of human bones on Dauphin island and for many years it was called the Island of Massacre. Treaties of peace were made with the Muscogees and Ala- bama Indians, but these treaties did not secure to the set- tlers any long-continued freedom from strife; and the early occupancy by the French of South Alabama was constantly disturbed by conflicts with the Indians of greater or less severity. The hostility of the Indians to the French was intensified by the intrigues of the English. In 1707, France and Spain having united against Eng- land, Lord Bienville, with 150 French Canadians, went to the relief of Pensacola; but the English and their Indian allies evacuated the place before the arrival of the French. In 17 11 the site of Mobile was permanently 8 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. settled and three years later Lord Bienville, having suc- ceeded in making treaties with the Indians, saijed up the Alabama river, passed the present location of Montgom- ery and established Fort Toulouse, at the site of the pres- ent town of Wetumpka. Later, a settlement was made at Montgomery, and Fort Tombecbee was established at what is now called Jones' Bluff. Fort Toulouse con- tained four bastions, mounted with eight cannon, and was garrisoned by the French till 1763, except for a short period in 1722 when the troops mutinied, killed their com- mander and deserted the garrison. In 1719, France was at war with Spain, and on May 14th Lord Bienville attacked Pensacola, captured the garrison and sent the captives to Havana. Later, during the sum- mer, Matamora, the Spanish governor of Cuba, retook Pensacola. The Spaniards landed on Dauphin island and bombarded Fort Filippe, but were repulsed by Sevigny, whose command consisted of 260 soldiers and 200 Indians. The French fleet arrived, Pensacola was again retaken by the French and held by them until 1723, when it was restored to Spain by treaty. It was during this year that the seat of government was trans- ferred from Mobile to New Orleans, which materially lessened the importance of the former city. Ten years later the French, under Bienville and D'Artaguette, returned and established themselves at Mobile. The control of the French over the Indians was now seriously disturbed by the intrigues of the English, who had estab- lished strong and permanent settlements in the Carolinas. They sought every opportunity to incite the natives against the French, and in 1736 the irritation and disturb- ances ripened into warlike outbreaks. The French and their allies, the Choctaws, marched against the Chicka- saws, who had joined the English. The principal battle was fought at Ackia, May 26, 1736, in which the French were defeated. Bienville retreated to Mobile with most of his army, but D'Art.iguette and a part of the troops CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 9 were cut off, taken prisoners, cruelly held as hostages for quite a period, and finally they were all murdered. Sixteen years later, in 1752, the French and Choctaws, under De Vaudreuil, again attacked the Chickasaws, only to meet another disaster. The Chickasaws are described as the bravest and most warlike of all the Indian inhab- itants of Alabama. They finally dwindled away before the advance of civilization, but were never conquered by armed forces. The aggressive English finally, in 1765, established themselves in Alabama, an agreement being made by which the territory then included under the name of Illinois was extended as far south as 32° 28', about the latitude of Demopolis. The claim of the Spaniards to Florida was based upon their treaty with England of 1783, and for many years there was incessant border war- fare between the Spaniards and their Indian allies on one side and the colonists (mostly from Georgia) and their native allies on the other. This subjected our early settlers to almost constant Indian incursions for booty and massacre. During this period the French were carrying on trade near the site of the present cities of Tuscumbia and Flor- ence, and, mainly due to their influence, the Creeks and Cherokees were active in their hostilities upon the Ameri- can settlers. The war for independence between the colonists and Orc.it Britain, which lasted from 1775 to 1781, was con- fined to the lakes, the Atlantic coast and adjacent terri- tory, and the country now known as Alabama can hardly be said to have been affected thereby. The colonial Rovemment having been firmly established, Col. James Robinson in 1787 marched from the Cumberland region into Alabama against the depredating Indians. They were subdued for a time, but again renewed hostilities, until finally quelled by a band of brave Americans under Captain Shannon. 10 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. In 1806, the arrest of Aaron Burr near Fort Stoddard by Captain (afterward Major-General) Gaines, U. S. Army, added a feature to the mihtary history of the State. Burr's Southwestern enterprise had proven a fail- ure. In Mississippi he had been arrested and released, but his expedition had become a menace to our govern- ment and Captain Gaines therefore arrested and sent him under guard to Richmond, where in August, 1807, he was tried and finally acquitted. One of the ablest and most sagacious enemies of the earlier settlers of Alabama was the great Shawnee Indian chief, Tecumseh. He was commanding in appearance and exercised a powerful influence among many of the native tribes of America. Upon the breaking out of war between the United States and Great Britain in 18 12, Tecumseh and his followers became allies of the British, and during the summer of 18 12 he was of great service to them in their operations around Detroit and upon the lakes. In October the British dispatched him to the South to incite the Seminoles, Creeks, Chickasaws and other tribes against the United States. Frequent out- rages were perpetrated by the savages, and all the fron- tier settlements were in constant danger of attack. In July, I Si 3, a battle was fought between the Creeks and the troops under Col. James Kellar. In August Gen. F. L. Claiborne reached Mobile from Baton Rouge. He constructed a series of forts and adopted other meas- ures to secure the safety of the people. On August 30th the massacre of Fort Minis, before mentioned, took place. This was followed by many other atrocities on the people of Alabama, and under orders from the general govern- ment, Gen. Andrew Jackson at the head of a large force marched to these scenes of warfare. His advance, under General Coffee at the head of 900 men, crossed the Coosa, and with a loss of 5 killed and 41 wounded defeated the Indians, 200 strong, at Tallashatchee, destroying their villages and disabling 84 savages. ..Jj ISl CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 11 On November 9th, Gen. Andrew Jackson, conimdnding- a, joo men, defeated i,ooo Indians, with a loss of 15 killed nnd 86 wounded, inflicting on them a loss of 290. On November i8th, Gen. James White, with 260 men, defeated 360 Indians at Hillabee; 62 Indians were killed and 256 were made prisoners. On November 29th, Gen. John Floyd with a force 950 strong successfully attacked a large body of Indians at Autossee ; 200 of the savages were killed, his loss being 11 killed and 54 wounded. December 23d, Gen. F. L. Claiborne with a loss of i killed and 6 wounded dispersed a body of Indians at Eccanachaca, killing 30 of their number. On January aid General Jackson, commanding a force of i, 150 strong, defeated 900 Indians at Emuckfa, killing 189 of the sav- ages. Januar}' 27th, the Creeks attacked General Floyd at Camp Defiance, losing 37 of their warriors and inflict- ing a loss of 20 killed and 125 wounded. March 27th, General Jackson fought the battle of Horse Shoe Bend; his force was 2,400 and his loss 26 killed and in wounded. These victories and minor successes in other parts of the State by Major Blue, commanding regular troops, and Colonel Pearson, of the North Caro- lina militia, effectually ended the Indian disturbances in Alabama, the savages gladly entering into a treaty of peace. General Jackson was placed in command of the S)uthcm array and proceeded to Ivlobile to protect the ' satisfactory treaties with the Indians. On March i, 1817, the present territorial limits of Ala- bama were defined by Congress, and on December 14, 1819, it became one of the States of the Union. In 1830 the Choctaws ceded their lands to the government. In 1832 the Creeks made their cession, as did the Cherokees iu 1835. Many of the Indians were opposed to the sale of their lands and considerable friction followed, making it necessary to assemble a large body of troops to sup- press indications of outbreaks by both Creeks and Chero- kees, but finally, in 183S, their removal to the West was peaceably accomplished. From this time until the war of 1861 Alabama enjoyed a condition of peace, but its people held themselves ready to assist their brethren in neighboring States. Several companies of Alabamians volunteered and fought in the Seminole and Florida wars and a still greater number gave their services to assist in Texan independence. Many of these perished, a considerable number being victims of the Goliad massacre, where 330 persons were murdered in the most atrocious manner. ^lilton Irish and Bennet Butler, from Huntsville, were among the few who escaped, and Captain Shackleford, of Courtland, was spared because he was a physician and the Mexicans needed his services to attend their wounded. When war was declared against Mexico, thousands upon thousands of patriotic citizens of this State tendered their services to the government, but only one regiment composed COS FEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 13 entirely of Alabamians could be accepted. It was organ- i.-od at Mobile in June, 1846, and designated as the First Alabama volunteers. Its officers were as follows: Col. John R. Coffee, Lieut. -Col. Richard G. Earle, Maj. Goode Hryan, Adjt. Hugh M. Watson, Capts. Sydenham Moore, Andrew P. Pickens, Hugh Cunningham, E. T. Smith, Zach Thomason, William G. Coleman, R. M. Jones, William H. Ketchum, D. P. Baldwin and J. D. Shelley. The regiment proceeded to Mexico, first served under General Pillow and aftenvard under General Stiiclds. In 1847 Colonel Seibels, of Montgomery, organ- ized a battalion; it reached Vera Cruz too late to join Scott's column, but performed garrison duty at Orizaba until the termination of hostilities. Its captains were : John G. Burr, T. E. Irby, Tennent Lomax, Blanton McAlpine and Gibbs. The Thirteenth regiment of regulars included a large number of Alabamians. Jones M. Withers, of Mobile, who graduated at West Point in 1S35, was its lieutenant-colonel, and Egbert I. Jones, Hugh L. Clay and Nicholas Davis were among its officers. A small battalion commanded by Col. Phillip H. Raiford, composed of the companies of Captains Curtis, Downman and Lig . I. CHAPTER II. SECESSION AND ITS CAUSES— THE SLAVERY QUESTION —ALABAMA'S DECLARATION PRIOR TO THE NOMI- NATION OF LINCOLN-THE CHARLESTON CONVEN- TION-RESULT OF THE ELECTION— HOPE OF PEACE- ABLE SECESSION-EXPRESSIONS OF ADAMS AND WEBSTER— GREELEY OPPOSED TO COERCION. THREE decades and a half of years, the life of a generation, have passed since the close of the military career of the actors in that long and san- guinar>' struggle, the war of the Confederacy. Few com- paratively are left of the hosts who fought under Lee and Jackson, the Johnstons and Bragg. Still, many of those from Alabama are yet living and hold positions of trust and honor, continuing to serve the State for which they fought. To form any idea of the motives which then actuated them and the causes which precipitated the war, we must cast aside our environments of to-day, and look- ing backward find a point where we can stand face to face with the issues that confronted the statesmen of i860. The prosperity of the South depended verj^ largely upon the labor which constituted a great part of its wealth, most of which had been imported from Africa in New England ships and sold by Xew Englanders to people of the South. The Constitution of the United States guaranteed that all the power of the government should be exercised to protect and secure the people in the use and enjoy-ment of this property, but for more than a third of a centur>' this valued constitutional right had been assailed by a party in the North that had gradually gathered to itself strength and power, one encroachment and violation of law following another. 16 r COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 17 People throughout the South were confronted with this hituation. The most of the Northern States had by solemn enactment nulHfied the Constitution and the laws of Con- >;r<.-ss, and emissaries from the North, arousing the negroes to arson, rapine and murder, were being dispatched to the Southern States. Their partial success in the John lirown raid had caused widespread terror and alarm. The prevailing sentiment on every side was that prompt .-iction was essential to protect lives and property. As early as 1S48 this aggression on the rights of the South had become such a menace that John C. Calhoun con- tended that we ought to "force the issue of the slavery' question in the North;" and said, moreover, "We are now stronger, relatively, than we shall be hereafter politically and morally." The Democratic party of Alabama assembled in con- vention at Montgomery, January 11, i860, and with scarcely a dissenting voice adopted resolutions in sub- stance as follows : ' ' That the principles recognized by the Supreme court in the Dred Scott case should be main- tained by the South; that their delegates to the approach- i:-..n' national Democratic convention at Charleston should present these resolutions for the adoption of that body; that they insist upon the adoption of the resolutions in substance, and that if they be not adopted, the delegates mu>.i withdraw." The Alabama legislature, on Februar>' 24, i860, adopted the following: Whereas, Anti-slavery agitation persistently continued in the non-slaveholding States of this Union for more ihan a third of a century, marked at every stage of its progress by contempt for the obligations of law and the sanctity of compacts, evincing a deadly hostility to l.ie rights and institutions of the Southern people, and a f<:tt!ed purpose to effect their overthrow even by the sub- v interfere with the rights of the slave-owner in the ter- | r-.t-ry while in a territorial condition. (Cheers.) That j '' ■.'■"!! tells that this government is a Union of Sovereign j M.itcs; whicli States are co-equal, and in trust for which ' co-equal States the government holds the territories. It \ tells you that the people of those co-equal States have a ! right to go into these territories, thus held in trust, with j every species of property which is recognized as property ^y the State in which they live, or by the Constitution of j the United States. The venerable niagistrate— the court f toncurring with him— decided that it is the duty of this | K'Jvcmment to atford some government for the territories ! ■•v;'.:ch shall be in accordance with this trust, with this dele- \ ,;-iV--d trubt power held for the States and fur the people 20 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. of the States. That decision goes still further : It tells you that if Congress has seen fit, for its own convenience and somewhat in accordance with the sympathies and instincts and genius of our institutions, to accord a form of government to the people of the territories, it is to be administered precisely as Congress can administer it, and to be administered as a trust for the co-ec[ual States of the Union, and the citizens of those States who choose to emigrate to those territories. That decision goes on to tell you this: That as Congress itself is bound to protect the property which is recognized as such of the citizens of any of the States — as Congress itself not only has on power, but is expressly forbidden to exercise the power to deprive any owner of his property in the territories; therefore, says that venerable, that passionless represen- tative of justice, who yet hovers on the confines of the grave, therefore, no government formed by that Congress can have any more power than the Congress that created it. Mr. Yancey then went on to explain that Mr. Douglas and his followers insisted upon a construction which vir- tually nullified the Dred Scott decision. He said: They put themselves directly in conflict with the vener- able chief justice of the Supreme court of the United States, and with the recorded decision of the court itself. . . . Now then, who shall the Democracy recognize as au- thority on this point — a statesman, no matter how brilliant and able and powerful in intellect, in the very meridian of life, animated by an ardent and consuming ambition, struggling as no other man has ever done for the high and brilliant position of candidate for the presidency of the United States, at the lumd of lii.s great party— or that old and venerable jurist who, having filled his years with honor, leaves vou his last great decision before stepping from the high place of earthly power into the grave to ap- pear before his Maker, in whose presence deception is im- possible and earthly ])osition as dust in the balance? (Loud and continued cheering.) Notwithstanding this eloquent appeal, the vote was taken and by a bare maj.-rity the minority report was sub- stituted for the majority report. This was the signal for I COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 21 ilvsraption. The Alabama delegation withdrew from the cx'nvt-ntion, followed by those of the other Gulf States. On May 19th a convention met at Baltimore under the i-.anic of the "Constitutional Union party" (its motto be- in^, "The Constitution, the Union and the Enforcement if the Laws"). John Bell, of Tennessee, and Edward Kvcrett, of Massachusetts, were nominated as its candi- i!.itc8 for President and Vice-President. On June iSth, the Douglas members of the Charleston tiinvention met in Baltimore, and the supporters of the Ri.ijority report who had withdrawn at Charleston as- fccmblcd at Richmond, afterward adjourning to meet at lUltimore. They were not, however, admitted to that H'nvention, as the Douglas members excluded them from participation in its proceedings, seating in their stead new i!c'.cjratcs who came pledged to support Mr. Douglas, who *as nominated by this convention. Upon the exclusion *>i the old delegates, Mr. Cushing, the president of the tonvention and five others of the Massachusetts delegates, F I ■j.rcthcr with delegates from Virginia, North Carolina, > !•< :::k->scc, Kentucky, Maryland, California, Oregon and I Arkansas, the only Democratic States, withdrew to join I them. Having organized under the title of the "National • "-^.I'.c Ri-hts Democracy" and adopted the now famous t ■':.... -T-.ty report" from Charleston, John C. Breckinridge, ;•.■ -..w.C^y, was nominated. Mr. Lincoln having been ti.c thuicc of the Republican convention at Chicago in it.iy. ihe campaign opened with four presidential candi- il-itcs in the field. The vote for President of the United States on Novem- -*r 6, i860, was: \Sz:,h. lam Lincoln i,866,^<;2 ^ i>'"gias ,;375;-'^ lircckmndL^e _ _ . s.r n Boll . hrccKmndge 845,581 589,581 22 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. The vote in the Southern slave States: Abraham Lincohi 26,430 Stephen A. Douglas 163,525 John C. Breckinridge 543, 7S1 John Bell 488,923 The vote in the Gulf States: Abraham Lincoln Stephen A. Douglas 24,926 John C. Breckinridge 168,400 John Bell 94, 444 The vote in Alabama: Abraham Lincoln Stephen A. Douglas 13,651 John C. Breckinridge 48,831 John Bell 27,825 When on that fateful 6th of November, i860, it was de- cided by the election of Mr. Lincoln that Black Republi- can rule was to dominate the Union and crush the South under with its compromising cruelty. The North and the South both knew that the election of Lincoln meant the destruction of slavery, to be so accomplished as to bring financial ruin, if not entire annihilation ; for Wendell Phillips had said: "This state of things is just what we have attempted to bring about. . . . The Republican party is a party of the North, pledged against the South. " Believing firmly in the sovereignty of the State, there was never an idea among the masses of the people of the South that secession would entail war. A few of the prominent leaders and profound thinkers foresaw the con- sequences, still peaceable secession was the thought up- permost. Coercion, "vi et arrais, '" was not dreamed of; and these ideas were not confined to the Southern people. The opinion had always prevailed throughout the Union that secession was a right vested in each separate State, and that an attempt to coerce a sovereign State would be unwarrantable and uncoustitutional. John Ouincy Adams but gave expression to this universal sentiment when in a CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 23 speech delivered April 30, 1839, on the occasion of the celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of our government under the Constitution, he said: But the indissoluble union between the several States of this confederated nation is, after all, not in the right but in the heart. If the day should ever come (may Heaven avert it) when the affections of the people of these States shall be alienated from each other; when the fraternal spirit shall give way to cold indifference, or collision of interest shall fester into hatred, the bands of political asseveration \\\\\ not long hold together parties no longer attracted by the magnetism of conciliated interests and kindly sympathies; and far better will it be for the people of the disunited States to part in friendship from each other than to be held together by constraint. Then will be the time for reverting to the precedents which occurred at the formation and adoption of the Constitution to form again a more perfect Union by dissolving that which could no longer bind, and to leave the separated parts to be reunited by the law of political gravitation to the center. It is a remarkable fact that in 1848 the distinguished son of this illustrious gentleman received 291,267 votes .Ls candidate of the Free Soil party for the vice-presi- dency. This principle of the right of secession had been always sanctioned by the people of Massachusetts. When it w.is proposed to annex Louisiana to the Federal Union, the legishiture passed the following resolution: "That t'..c .i::ni.'.\.uiun of Louisiana to the L'nion transcends the Constitutional power of the government of the United States. It formed a new confederacy, to which the States united by the former compact are not bound to adhere." In the year 1844 it was resolved by that legislature: • . . That the project of the annexation of Texas, unless ("Tested on the threshold, may drive these States into a d:ss'ing out of the Constitution. Not one. The fact is, gentlemen, they oppose the constitutional provision ; they oppose the whole. Not a man of them admits that there ought to be any law on the subject. They deny altogether that the provisions of the Constitution ought to be carried into effect. Look at the proceedings of the anti-slavery conventions in Ohio, Massachusetts and at Syraciise in the State of New York. What do they say? That so help them God no colored man shall be sent from the State of New York back to his master in Virginia. Do not they say that? And to the fulfillment of that they pledge their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor. Their sacred honor! They pledge their sacred honor to violate the r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 25 Constitution ; they pledge their sacred honor to commit treason against the laws of their country. Mr. Webster, in his speech at Capon Springs, also said : The leading sentiment in the toast from the chair is the Union of the States. What mind can comprehend the consequences of that Union, past, present, and to come. The Union of these States is the all-absorbing topic of the day ; on it all men write, speak think, and dilate, from the rising of the sun to the going down thereof. And yet, gentlemen, I fear its importance has been but in- sufliciently appreciated. [Again Mr. Webster says :] How absurd it is to suppose that when different parties enter into a compact for cer- tain purposes, either can disregard any one provision, and expect, nevertheless, the other to observe the rest. I intend for one to regard and maintain and carry out to the fullest extent the Constitution of the United States, which I have sworn to support in all its parts and all its provis- ions. It is written in the Constitution, "No person held to service or labor in one State under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due." Tliis is as much apart of the Constitution as any other, and as equally binding and obligatory as any other on all men, public or private. And who denies this? None but the abolitionists of the North. And pray what is it they will not deny? They have but the one idea; and it Would seem that these fanatics at the North and the se- ci.-s-;:o:iists at the South are putting their heads together to devise means to defeat the good designs of honest, patriotic men. They act to the same end and the same object, and the Constitution has to take the fire from both sides. ^ I have not hesitated to say, and I repeat, that if the Northern States refuse willfully and deliberately to carry into effect that part of the Constitution which respects the restoration of fugitive slaves, and Congress provide no remedy, the South would no longer be bound to observe t--e compact. A bargain cannot be broken on one side •"id still bind the other side. I say to you, gentlemen in 26 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Virginia, as I said on the shores of Lake Erie and in the city of Boston, as I may say again in that city or else- where in the North, that you of the South have as much right to receive your fugitive skives as the North has to any of its rights and privileges of navigation and commerce. Mr. Webster also said: I am as ready to fight and to fall for the constitutional rights of Virginia as I am for those of Massachusetts. Horace Greeley, the noted abolitionist, one of the foster- fathers, if not the parent of free-soilism, perhaps the most widely popular and best informed of the Northern jour- nalists, who must be regarded as an able exponent of the sentiments of the people, was outspoken even to rashness in upholding the doctrine of the right of secession. Indeed his course would seem to prove that he did all in his power to hasten the Southern States into secession. We give extracts from the New York Tribune, Mr. Greeley's paper, beginning with the date when it was first known that Mr. Lincoln was certainly elected. New York Tribune, November 9, i860. — If the cotton States shall become satisfied that they can do better out of the Union than in it. we insist on letting them go in peace. The right to secede ntcvj be a revolutionary one, but it exists nevertheless. [And again in the same issue of his widely-circulated and influential paper, Mr. Greeley said :] We must ever resist the asserted right of any State to remain in the Union and nullify or defy the laws thereof. To withdraw from the Union is quite another matter; and whenever a considerable section of our L^nion shall delib- erately resolve to go out, we shall resist all coercive meas- ures designed to keep it in. We hope never to live in a republic whereof one section is pinned to the residue bv bayonets. Let them have both sides of the question fully presented. Let them reflect, deliberate, then vote; and let the action of secession be the echo of an unmistakable popular fiat. A judgment thus rendered, a demand for separation thus backed, would either be acquiesced in without the effusion of blood, or those who rushed upon carnage to defy and defeat it would place themselves clearly in the wrong. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 27 N'ew York Tribune, November i6, i860. -Still we say, in S earnestness and good faith, whenever a whole sec- ?on of tSs republic, whether a half, a third, or only a Crth shSl tmly desire and demand a separation tmm W- residue we shall earnestly favor such separation, t the fifteen slave States, or even the eight cotton btates a one, shall quietlyVdecisively, say to the rest, -'We prefer to be hcnceffi separated from you," we shall msist they be n!^nnit?ed to go in peace. War is a hideous necessity at K and a ctvil conflict, a war of estranged and embit- tered feliow countrymen, is the most hideous of all wars. Whenever the people of the cotton States shall have den- nitely and decisively made up their minds to separate fi^om the rest of us, we shall urge that the proper steps be taken to give full effect to their decision. New \?rk Tribune, November 19, 1860.-N0W we be- lieve and maintain that the Union is to be P^f^jved only so lonff as it is beneficial and satisfactory to all parties Sncerled. We do not believe that any man any neigh- S>rS, town, county or even State -aj break up the Union in any transient gnist ot passion; we fully compre- hend that secession is an extreme, an ultimate resort-not a constitutional but a revolutionary remedy. Butj^^ in- sist that this Union shall not be held together by torce whenever it shall have ceased to cohere by the mutual at^ traction of its parts; and whenever the s ave States or the c.tton States onlv shall umtedly and coolly say to th^ rc^t • -We want to get 6ut of the Union, ' ' we shall urge that their request be acceded to. " New York Tribune, November 24, i86o.-Some of the Washington correspondents telegraph that Mr. Buchanan is attempting to map out a middle course m which to s^teer '--, 'virk dufin- the tempest which now howls about him. He IS to condemn the asserted right of secession out to assert in the same breath that he is opposed to keeping -. State in the Union by what he calls Federal coercion. Now we have no desire to prevent secession by coercion, but we hold this position to be utteriy unsupported b> law or reason. . -nr r- -^ New York Tribune, November 30,1860.— Are We Going toFight?— Butif the cotton States generally unite witn her in seceding, we insist that they cannot be prevented, and that the attempt must not be made, tive millions of people, more than half of them ot the dominant 28 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. race of whom at least half a million are able and willing to shoulder muskets, can never be subdued while fighting around and over their own hearthstones. If they could be, they would no longer be equal members of the Union, but conquered dependencies. . . . We propose to wrest this potent engine from the disunionists by saying frankly to the slave States: "If you choose to leave the Union, leave it, but let us have no quarrel about it. If you think it a curse to you and an unfair advantage to us, repudiate it, and see if you are not mistaken. If you are better by yourselves, go and God speed you. For our part, we have done very well with you, and are quite willing to keep along with you, but if the association is irksome to you, we have too much self-respect to insist on its con- tinuance. We have lived by our industry thus far and hope to do so still, even though you leave us. ' ' We repeat that only the sheen of Northern bayonets can bind the South wholly to the evils of secession, but that may do it. Let us be patient, neither speaking daggers nor using them, standing to our principles but not to our arms, and all will yet be well. New York Tribune, December 8, i860. — . . . . We again avow our deliberate conviction that whenever six or eight contiguous States shall have formally seceded from the Union, and avowed the pretty unanimous and earnest resolve of their people to stay out, it will not be found practicable to coerce them into subjection; and we doubt that any Congress can be found to direct and pro- vide for such coercion. One or two States may be coerced, but not the entire section, or quarter of a Union. If you do not believe this, wait and see. New York Tribune, December 17, i860. — .... Butif ever seven or eight States seiit agents to Washington to say, 'We want to get out of the Union,' we shall feel con- strained by our devotion to human liberty to say, 'Let them go. ' And we do not see how we could take the other side without coming in direct conflict with those rights of man which we hold paramount to all political arrange- ments, however convenient and advantageous. New York Tribune, December ^4, i860. — Most cer- tainly we believe that governments are made for the peoples, not peoples for the governments; that the latter derive their just power from the consent of the governed; and whenever a portion of this Union, large enough to CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 29 form an independent self-subsisting nation, shall show ih.it and say authentically to the residue, "We want to get away from you," I shall say, and we trust self-respect, if not regard for the principles of self-government, will con- strain the residue of the American people to say, ''Go." New York Tribune, December 28, i860.— . . . Nor is it treason for the State to hate the Union and seek its dis- ruption. A State, a whole section, may come to regard the Union as a blight upon its prosperity, an obstacle to its progress, and be fully justified in seeking its dissolution. And in spite of the adverse clamor, we insist that if ever a tiiird or even a fourth of these States shall have deliberately concluded that the Union is injurious to them, and that their vital interests require their separation from it, they will have a perfect right to seek separation ; and should they do so with reasonable patience and due regard for the rights and interests of those they leave behind, we shall feel bound to urge and insist that their wishes be jH'alified — their demand conceded. During the session of the South Carolina convention, Greeley, in his issue of December 17th, as if to afford argu- ments to strengthen the Southern people in their opposi- tion and to encourage them to be prompt in their action, •i.iys: "If it (the Declaration of Independence) justifies tlicse cession from the British empire of 3,000,000 of colo- nists in 1776, we do net see why it would not justify the secession of 5,000,000 of Southrons from the Federal Union v.\ 1S61. If we are mistaken on this point, why does not ^- :i-.e one attempt to show wherein and why? For our <••'. !i p.irt, wliilc we deny the right of slaveholders to hold slaves against the will of the latter, we cannot see how 20,- coo,ooo of people can rightfully hold 10,000,000, or even 5,000,000 in a detested Union with them by military force. " In the same 'ssue of Mr. Greeley's paper we read the following: "If seven or eight contiguous States shall present themselves authentically at Washington, saying: ■We hate the Federal Union; we have drawn from it; we ;::'.'f \'>\\ the choice between acquiescing in our secession a:ul arranging amicably all incidental questions on the 30 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. one hand and attempting to subdue us on the other, ' we could not stand up for coercion, for subjugation, for we do not think it would be just. We hold the right' of self- government even when invoked in behalf of those who deny it to others. So much for the question of principle. " After the Confederate government had been organized and its whole machinery in active operation and it had taken its place among the nations, Mr. Greeley endorsed its action in no ambiguous words. He said: "We have repeatedly said, and we once more insist, that the great principle embodied by Jefferson in the Declaration of American Independence, that 'Governments derive their just powers from consent of the governed, ' is sound and just ; and that if the slave States, the cotton States or the Gulf States only, choose to form an independent nation, they have a clear moral right to do so. Whenever it shall be clear that the great body of Southern people have become conclusively alienated from the Union, and anxious to escape from it, we will do our best to forward their views." Nor was the New York Tribune alone, for the whole New York press and prominent journals and able editors of Republican papers all over the North coincided with these views. "Wayward sisters, go in peace," was the cry on every hand, echoed from the lips of the general of the army, with the refrain uttered by the eminent Re- publican leader, Salmon P. Chase: "The South is not v.-orth fighting for; let them alone." I give a few quotations from some of the other leading journals. Did space allow, these might be multiplied almost ad infinitum. From the New York Herald, November 23, i86o —The Disunion Question— A Conservative Reaction in the houth^— W e publish this morning a significant letter from Governor Letcher, of Virginia, on the subject of the presL-nt disunion excitement in the South, Southern con- stitutional rights. Northern State acts of nullification, and CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 31 the position of Virginia in this crisis. ... To this end wmild it not be well for the conservative Union men of liu- city of Xew York to make a demonstration — a North- ern movement of conciliation, concession and harmony? CVx-Tcion in any event is out of the question. A Union held together by the bayonet would be nothing better than a military despotism. Conciliation and harmony, through mutual concessions, in a reconstruction of the fundamental law, between the North and South, will re- store and perpetuate the Union contemplated by the f.Uhcrs. So now that the conservative men of the South are moving, let the Union m.en of the North second their endeavors, and let New York, as in the matter of the com- promises of 1850, lead the way. The following is from the New York Times of Decem- ber 3, i860: By common consent, moreover, the most prominent and tangible point of ofl'ense seems to be the legislation growing out of the fugitive slave law. Sev- eral of the Northern States have passed personal-liberty bills with the alleged intent to prevent the return of fugi- tive slaves to their masters. From Union men in ever)' quarter of the South come up the most earnest appeals to the Northern States to repeal these laws. Such an act, we are assured, would have a powerful effect in disarming the disunion clamor in nearly all the Southern States and in prumoting the prospects of a peaceful adjustment of all pending differences. The next day, December 4th, the New York Times pub- lished another article, in which it said: Mr. Weed has stated his opinion of the crisis thus: i. There is immi- nent danger of a dissolution of the Union. 2. The dan- ger iiriginatcd in the ambition and cupidity of men who i'._v-.::-ij a Siuthern despotism and in the fanatic zeal of the Northern abolitionists who seek the emancipation of t-Lives regardless of consequences. 3. The danger can e-nly be averted by such moderation and forbearance as will draw out, strengthen and combine the Union senti- ment of the whole country. Each of these statements will command general assent. The only question likely to arise relates to the practical measures by which the 'moderation and forbearance' can be displayed. Alter Mr. Lincoln was inaugurated, the Commercial, the leading Republican paper of Ohio, in March, 1S61, 32 COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. said: "We are not in favor of blockading the Southern coast. We are not in favor of retaking by force the prop- erty of the United States now in possession of the seced- ers. We would recognize the existence of a government formed of all the slaveholding States and attempt to culti- vate amicable relations with it. ' ' I have shown that not only were the Southern people sustained in their actions leading to secession by the con- servative element of the North, as voiced in their daily and weekly papers, but they were given to understand that they had nothing to hope for from the party about to as- sume the \-iews of the government. Judge Chase made a speech before the Peace congress in which he declared unequivocally that the power being theirs, they would assuredly use it. The assaults on the Constitution were to culminate in the overthrow, at least, of its guarantees to the Southern people. Here is what he said : The result of the national canvass, recently terminated in the election of Mr. Lincoln, has been spoken of by some as the eft'ect of a sudden impulse or of some irregular excitement of the popular mind; and it has been some- what confidently asserted that, upon reflection and con- sideration, the hastily formed opinions which brought about that election will be changed. ... I cannot take this view of the result of the presidential election. I believe, and the belief amounts to absolute conviction, that the election must be regarded as a triumph of principles cher- ished in the hearts of the people of the free States. . . . We have elected him (Mr. Lincoln). After many years of earnest advocacy and of severe trial we have achieved the triumph of that principle. By a fair and unquestioned majority we have secured that triumph. Do you think we, who represent this majority, will throw it away? Do you think the people will sustain us if we undertake to throw it away? I must speak to you plainly, gentlemen of the South. It is not in my heart to deceive you, I therefore tell you explicitly that if we of the North and West would consent to throw away all that has been gained in the re- cent triumph of our principles, the people would not sus- tain us, and so, the consent would avail you nothing. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 33 When some of the Northern people, alarmed at the prospect, held meetings and passed resolutions urging cuacessions to be made, Mr. Lincoln said: "I will suffer death before I will consent or advise my friends to con- sent to any concession or compromise which looks like buying the privilege of taking possession of the govern- ment to which we have a constitutional right." And Horace Greeley used these words to prove to the Southern people that it was useless to expect concessions from the dominant party, and these so-called concessions were mat- ters pending before Congress, all of which were simply ctlorts to uphold the Constitution. Mr. Lincoln did not at- tempt to deny that the concessions referred to were right, but gives his refusal to entertain them in these words : "Whatever I might think of the merits of the various propositions before Congress, I should regard any conces- sion in the face of menace as the destruction of the gov- ernment itself and a consent on all hands that cur system ihall be brought down to a level with the existing disor- ijanized state of afEairs in Mexico. ' ' CHAPTER III. THE STATE CONVENTION— VARIANCE OF OPINION ON SECESSION— ADOPTION OF THE ORDINANCE OF SE- CESSION—ORGANIZATION OF MILITARY FORCES- CAMPAIGNS AND BATTLES IN ALABAMA— SOME OF ALABAMA'S DISTINGUISHED SOLDIERS. I HAVE made quite a wide digression and have de- voted considerable space to the endeavor to repro- duce the sentiments prevailing among the most intel- lectual and patriotic leaders of the Northern States of the Union on the subject of State rights up to the very outbreak of hostilities. In obedience to the act of the legislature, on December 6th, Governor Moore issued the proclamation ordering an election to be held on December 24th. The convention met on January' 7, 1 861, in the hall of representatives at Mont- gomery. Of the 100 men composing this body, many afterward proved their devotion to their State on the battlefield and in legislative halls, and some of them now hold high posts of honor in the reconstructed Union. The Rev. Basil Manly, ex-president of the State uni- versity, opened the proceedings with a touching and eloquent prayer: Almighty Father, Maker of Heaven and Earth; King eternal, immortal, invisible; the only wise God! We adore Thee, for Thou art God, and besides Thee there is none else; our Fathers' God and our God! We thank Thee that Thoxi hast made us nun, endowed with reason, con- science and speech ; capable of knowing, loving and serv- ing Thee! We thank Thee for Thy Son, the Lord Jesus Christ, our only Mediator and Redeemer! We thank Thee for Thy word of truth, our guide to eternal life. We thank Thee for civil government, ruling in Thy fear; F I7;ei57i CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 35 And we especially thank Thee that Thou didst reserve this fair portion of the earth so long undiscovered, unpol- iuicd with the wars and the crimes of the old world, that Thou nii^'htest here establish a free government and a pure religion. We thank Thee that Thou hast allotted us our heritage here, and hast brought us upon it at such 4 time as this. We thank Thee for all the hallowed mem- • ones connected with the establishment of the independ- ence of Colonies, and their sovereignty as States, and with the formation and maintenance of our government, which we had devoutly hoped might last, unperverted and incorruptible, as long as the sun and moon endure. Uh, our Father, we have striven as an integral part of ihis great Republic, faithfully to keep our solemn cove- nants in the Constitution of our country; and our con- science doth not accuse us of having failed to sustain our p.irt in the civil compact. Lord of all the families of the c.irth, we appeal to Thee to protect us in the land Thou j hoAl given us, the Institution Thou hast established, the 1 ^l^.'hts Thou hast bestowed. And now, in our troubles, j besetting us like great waters round about, we, Thy J dependent children, humbly entreat Thy fatherly notice j *nd care. Grant to Thy servants now assembled, as the | direct representatives of the people of this State, all I needful grace and wisdom for their peculiar and great | r'';« visibilities at this momentous crisis. Give them a li clear perception of their duties as the embodiment of the i; people; impart to them an enlightened, mature and | Mnctificd judgment in forming every conclusion; a | ♦teady. Heaven-directed purpose and will in attaining j every ri'^'ht end. Save them from the disturbing influ- I eii<.e> oi error, of passion, prejudice and timidity; from j .■■■.led .ir.d conflicting counsels; give them one mind, ! and one way and let that be the mind of Christ. If Thou j •-ceM them ready to go wrong, interpose Thy heavenly \ »;«'-dance and restraint If slow and reluctant to execute j what duty and safety require, quicken and urge them j forward. Let patient inquiry and candor pervade every j div:ns.sion; let calm, comprehensive and sober wisdom j »hajH.- cvcrj- measure and direct every vote; let all things ! w done in Thy fear and with a just regard to their whole j '.•.:!v toward (iod and toward man. Preserve them in j '•' i.;h. :n purity, in peace; and cause that their session "-»y promote the maintenance of equal rights, of civil 86 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. freedom and good government; may promote the wel- fare of man, and the glory of Thy name. We ask all through Jesus Christ our Lord: Amen. The delegates differed widely in their views as to the manner of procedure. Some were elected upon a plat- form, hereinafter quoted, which averred that it was the first duty "to use all honorable exertions to secure our rights in the Union." These had every reason to believe that they represented the majority of the people of the State. Others were sent instructed to secede at once; and these were found to make a ma- jority of barelj' one. The whole course of the conven- tion furnished a grand and glorious example of the dignity, moderation and self-sacrifice befitting the lofty patriotism of men whose whole souls were loyally devoted to their beloved State. With perhaps one exception, there was no harsh criticism, no impugning the motives nor questioning the patriotism of those differing on sub- jects of vital importance. . While opposing the ordinance for the immediate with- drawal of Alabama from the Union, one of the most dis- tinguished of Alabama's sons but voiced the sentiments of the minority when he said: ' I will not at this time express any argument of oppo- sition I may entertain toward the ordinance of seces- sion I meet here a positive, enlightened and unflinching majority, I have respect for them, and I despair of being able to move them. In times like these, when neighboring States are withdrawing, one by one, from the Union, I cannot get my consent to •utter a phrase which might be calculated, in the slight- est degree, to widen the breaches at home. My oppo- sition to the ordinance of secession will be sufficiently Indicated by my vote ; that vote will be recorded in the book; that book will take up its march for posterity; and the day is not yet come that is to decide on which part of the page of that book will be written the glory or the shame of this day. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 37 It is important to the State that you of the majority sh(mld be right, and that I should be wrong. However much personal gratification I might feel hereafter in finding that I was right on this great question and that you were wrong, that gratification would, indeed, be to me a poor consolation in the midst of a ruined and desolated country-. Therefore, as the passage of the ordinance of secession is the act by which the destiny of Alabama is to be controlled, I trust that you are right and that I am wrong. I trust that God has inspired you with His wis- dom, and that, under the influence of this ordinance, the State of Alabama may rise to the highest pinnacle of national grandeur. To show, sir, that the declarations I now make are not forced by the exigencies of this hour, I read one of the resolutions from the platform upon which I was fleeted to this convention: "Resolved, That we hold it to be our duty, first, to use all honorable exer- tions to secure our rights {71 the Union, and if we should fail in this, we will maintain our rights out of the Union; (or, as citizens of Alabama, we owe our allegiance first to the State ; and we will support her in whatever course she may adopt." Thus, Mr. President, you will observe that the course I now take is the result of the greatest deliberation, hay- ■ ing been matured before I was a candidate for a seat in this convention; and there is a perfect understanding on (this subject between me and my constituents. It but remains for me to add, that when your ordinance passes through the solemn forms of legislative deliberation, and I receives the sanction of this body, I shall recognize it as ! the supreme law of the land; my scruples will fall to the ' gruund; and that devotion, which I have heretofore, througii the whole course of my public life, given to the I'nion of the States, shall be concentrated in my allegi- ance to the State of Alabama. Another said: "I have opposed secession as long as opposition was of any avail. Now that the ordinance will pass, as a patriot, I feel bound to take the side of my native State in any contest which might grow out of it. I will vote against the ordinance." On the iith of Januar}-, the secession of Alabama from 38 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. the Federal Union was accomplished. I give the full text of the act: An Ordinance to dissolve the union between the State of Alabama and other States united under the compact styled "The Constitution of the United States of America." Whereas, The election of Abraham Lincoln and Han- nibal Hamlin to the offices of President and Vice-Presi- dent of the United States of America, by a sectional party, avowedly hostile to the domestic institutions and to the peace and security of the people of the State of Alabama, preceded by many and dangerous infractions of the Constitution of the United States by many of the States and people of the Northern section, is a political wrong of so insulting and menacing a character as to justify the people of the State of Alabama in the adop- tion of prompt and decided measures for their future peace and security; therefore, Be it declared and ordained by the people of the State of Alabama in convention assembled. That the State of Alabama now withdraws, and is hereby withdrawn from the Union known as "the United States of America, " and henceforth ceases to be one of said United States, and is, and of right ought to be, a sovereign and independent State. He it further declared and ordained by the peo- ple of the State of Alabama in convention assembled That all the powers over the territory of said State, and over the people thereof, heretofore delegated to the gov- ernment of the United States of America, be, and they are hereby withdrawn from said government, and are hereby resumed and vested in the people of the State of Alabama Be it resolved by the people of Alabama in conven- tion assembled. That the people of the States of Delaware Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina,' Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkan- sas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Missouri be, and are here- by invited to meet the people of the State of Alabama by their delegates in convention on the 4th day of Feb- niary, A. D. 1861, at the city of Montgomery- in the State of Alabama, for tiie purpose of consulting with each other as tu the most etiectual mode of securing con- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 39 certed and hannonious action in whatever measures may be deemed most desirable for our common peace and security. And be it further resolved, That the president of this convention be, and is hereby instructed to transmit forthwith, a copy of the foregoing preamble, ordinance and resolution to the governors of the several States named in said resolutions. Done by the people of the State of Alabama in con- vention assembled at Montgomery, on this, the nth day of January, A. D. 1861. During December and January, Governor Moore had taken possession of Forts Morgan and Gaines and the arsenal at Mount Vernon. The forts were strongly gar- risoned ; and when the ordinance of secession was passed, the State was full of volunteers, busily drilling and pre- paring for hostilities. Col. Tennent Lomax commanded the Second regiment of Alabama militia, which had been organized soon after the John Brown raid, and his were the first troops of Alabama to take position in preparing for the great struggle. After two months this regiment was disbanded and Colonel Lomax was put in command of the Third Alabama. By October 7, i86i, the State had furnished fully 27,000 men to the Confederate cause, many of them being mere boys, and most of them drawn from the very flower of the land. There were sixty Alabama regiments of inf.intr}-, thirteen of cavalr}-, six battalions and twenty batteries, besides many companies from Alabama consol- idated with those from other States in Confederate regi- ments, five of these being cavalry. Many of the regi- ments were commanded by veterans of the Mexican war, and some were led by officers fresh from West Point. Before the close of 1863, nearly 9,000 of these soldiers had been killed or had died of wounds, camp diseases and exposure. Alabama, which was the cradle of the Confederacy, 40 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. was also its grave ; for on her soil was fought, at Fort Tyler, April i6, 1865, the last bloody conflict of the war. Early in 1862, Tennessee being in the possession of the Federals, the northern counties of Alabama were harassed by continuous raids. In April, Huntsville was occupied by General Mitchel and Colonel Turchin. Indignities of all kinds were heaped upon the defenseless citizens, until General Mitchel was replaced by a more humane and generous commander in the person of General Buell. The Federals were driven back for a time by Bragg's advance into Kentucky, but they soon returned. In the fall of 1862, a spirited fight, principally with artillery, took place at Little Bear creek, near Tuscumbia, between General Sweeny and General Roddey, and the invaders were driven back to Corinth. Later on, Roddey's troops handsomely engaged the Federals at Barton Station, and again drove them back. In April, 1863, [Forrest and Roddey fought Dodge's column at Brown's Ferry and repulsed him; but the Federal leader on his retreat destroyed everything within reach and left the beautiful valley a scene of utter desolation. Lea\nng Roddey in possession of Brown's Ferry, For- rest started in pursuit of Streight, who was advancing on Rome. Then followed one of the most thrilling and brilliant campaigns of the war. The Federals were over- taken in the lower part of Morgan county, and after a desperate fight of three hours, were driven back into Blount county with a heavy loss of men and baggage. The pursuit was continued and the retreat of the Feder- als becarr»e a rout. They made several desperate stands but were unable to rally their demoralized columns. On, through Blount and Etowah counties, rushed pursuers and pursued, scarcely stopping for food or rest until on May 2d, they rested for the night near Turkeytown, Cherokee county. Forrest, who had only 500 men, by his skillful maneuvers so magnified the appearance of his forces as to secure the surrender of Streieht's whole com- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 41 raand, numbering 1,466, besides a detachment of 230 men on their way to destroy Rome. In January, 1864, the condition in northern Alabama was such as to evoke an appeal to the war department by the congressional delegation of the State. It is here quoted in full : The undersigned, senators and representatives from the State of Alabama, respectfully invite the attention of the Honorable Secretary of War to the consideration of a few suggestions relative to the present condition of North Alabama, and the necessity of permanently hold- ing the south side of the Tennessee river in that State. You are aware that the enemy now claim and hold all the countr>' in said State north of said river ; that river, running through the entire width of the State from east to west, is both deep and wide, difficult to be crossed by an enemy, and is now the dividing line between us and our foes. Brigadier-General Roddey, with his command, is guarding a portion of the south side of the river; but to enable him to do so more effectually, and to protect the country from the enemy at Corinth, Miss., and also to draw supplies for our army from Middle Tennessee, which he is expected to do, he will require a much larger force than he now has under his command. A glance at the map of the countr)- will satisfy any one that if the raiding parties of the enemy be permitted to cross the river, there is no natural barrier to prevent him from sweeping as low down the country as the Alabama river, jK-nctrating that region of the State in which are located the mining and manufacturing establishments now get- tin;^' into successful operation, and which it is believed are and will continue to be of great benefit to our cause. To protect our people against such calamity as would result from the incursions of the enemy, we deem it of the utmost importance that General Roddey's command be retained in its present locality, and that he be per- mitted to increase his force from the adjacent country and from the region %vithin the line of the enemy, and that he have returned to his brigade five companies of Alabama troops now under the command of Major-General I'lrrest. These companies were all raised by General Koddey, mostly within the enemy's lines and who entered 42 CONFEDERATE MIUTARY HISTORY. the service expecting to continue under his command. They are very anxious to be restored to General Roddey's brigade, and we understand that General Forrest would not object to such restoration. These five companies are commanded respectively by Captains Steele, Moore, Barr, Warren and Hansell. From these sources we think that General Roddey will strengthen his command sufficiently to protect our people against the raids of the enemy, coming either across the Tennessee river or from the direction of Corinth. We think he will also be enabled to draw supplies of bacon, beef, cattle, hogs, grain, and leather from Middle Tennessee, in larger quantities than heretofore, though he has already drawn much in that way. Besides this, his position is such that should oppor- tunity offer he could fall upon the enemy's communica- tion with Chattanooga and do him serious damage. Again, should the enemy be permitted to take pos- session of the country south of the Tennessee river, he will not find it difficult to extend his line to the Warrior and perhaps to the Alabama river, without meeting with serious opposition, but would, on the contrary, receive gfreat encouragement in the mountain region in our State, where there is unfortunately in some parts a dis- affected population. In view of what is above set forth, we hope the Honorable Secretary of War will permit the necessary increase of General Roddey's force. We believe that by so doing the interest of the whole country would be greatly advanced. Thos. J. Foster, John P. Ralls, R. Jemison,Jr., C. C. Clay, Jr. W. R. Smith, The northern counties, being subjected to incessant raids, were the scenes of continuous bloodshed, and side by side were to be witnessed acts of the most wanton bru- tality and of unexampled heroism and daring. Churches, colleges and libraries, as well as private dwellings, were ransacked and destroyed. Guntersville, Marshall county, was shelled several times without warning and was finally burned. In Claysville, on the night of March 8, 1864, Federals were quartered in three houses. Capt. H. F. Smith, of CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 43 Jackson, with 65 men, crossed the river at Gunter's landing, cut off the pickets, and forced the surrender of 66 men with a large supply of stores and provisions. In May, 1864, Colonel Patterson, of Morgan county, assisted by Stewart's battalion of 500 men, attacked the Federal stockade and garrison at Madison Station, took 80 prisoners and a large quantity of provisions, and con- veyed them across the river in the face of the enemy. The garrison numbered 400; Patterson's loss was 7 killed and wounded. In July, 1864, General Rousseau made a raid into the central part of the State and was gallantly opposed by the State reserves, composed principally of very young men. Athens was occupied by a large force of Federals, and Limestone county was suffering under the odious rule of Colonel Turchin. September 23d, General Forrest arrived before Athens with 3,000 men and was joined by General Roddey's forces, about 1,500 strong. He captured the horses and cantonments of the enemy, driving the men into the fort; and, deploying his men so as to make them appear as at least 10,000, he demanded of Colonel Camp- bell an unconditional surrender. He secured the fortress with 1,400 prisoners and defeated a detachment which had come to their relief, destroyed the Federal posts in the vicinity, and on the 25th, took Sulphur Trestle, capturing 8jo men, 350 horses, 2 pieces of artillery and 20 loaded w.-igons. The city of Mobile was the most important in Ala- bama, and had been at the beginning of the conflict put in a state of defense. Three strong lines of works sur- rounded the city, and so well planned were the fortifica- tions that it was one of the best fortified cities of the South, and was the last to fall into the hands of the enemy. Below the city the water approaches were pro- tected by batteries Huger and Tracy; rows of piles obstructed the channel and torpedoes were placed in dif- 44 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. ferent parts of the bay. Seven miles from the city, a line of defenses known as Spanish Fort protected the bay shore and Forts Gaines and Morgan stood at the entrance of the bay, four miles apart, the former under the com- mand of Colonel Anderson and the latter under General Page. The ram Tennessee and the gunboats Gaines, Morgan, Selma and others contributed to the defenses. Early in 1864, Farragut arrived off Mobile bay. The campaign against Mobile was planned to consist of an attack by water to be supported by an attack by land forces under General Banks. It was impossible on account of Federal reverses in the Red River campaign to carry out these arrangements immediately. General Canby was placed in command of the West Mississippi division in May, 1864, but was obliged to send a large portion of his force to the defense of Washington, and the attack on Mobile was postponed. On August 2, 1864, Gen. Gordon Granger, United States army, arrived off Santa Rosa island with 1,500 men, pro- ceeded to Dauphin island, and landed in spite of the resistance made by the fort guns and the gunboats. At 6 o'clock, August 5th, fourteen vessels, with the Tecumsch in the lead, steamed toward Fort Morgan. The Tecumseh struck a torpedo and sank, but her place was filled by Farragut's flagship, the Hartford. This was engaged by the Tennessee, and a most desperate conflict ensued, until the ram was disabled and obliged to strike her colors. The Selma was captured, but the Morgan and Gaines escaped. Fort Gaines, shelled by the monitors on one side, and Granger's forces on the other, was compelled to surrender. Then followed the siege of Fort Morgan. Fire within the fort compelled the garrison to sacrifice most of their ammunition, and the interior of the fort was a mass of smouldering ruins in which lay the bodies of many of its brave defenders, when it was surrendered by General Page, August 23, 1864. The Federal tleet now had control of the bay; and had CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY I the enemy known the real weakness of the gamson of I Mobile, the reduction of the city would have been a mat- ^: ter of days rather than of months. Early in January, I 1865, the Federal army went into camp at Barrancas, I near the mouth of Pensacola bay. Fort Gaines was I strongly garrisoned by them, and reinforcements con- I tinued to pour in to the ranks of the invaders on Dauphin I island and at Barrancas. I By March, Canby's army amounted to 45,000 men. I General Maury had about g,ooo men. His headquarters I were at Blakely, about three miles from Spanish Fort, ^ xind General Gibson was in command of the fort. To divert attention from their movements against Mobile, concerted attacks were to be made on the in- terior cities by Steele's column from the south and Wilson's from north Alabama. Maury's cavalry was kept busy skirmishing in the direc- tion taken by Steele's column, thus weakening the forces at Mobile. The advance was commenced March 17th, and was contested inch by inch, and the defenders were assisted by the natural obstructions found in the swampy roads, rendered almost impassable by incessant rains. March 27th, the siege of Spanish Fort commenced. The garrison comprised troops from Louisiana, Arkansas, Georgia, Texas and North Carolina, and the Alabama reserves under General Thomas. The latter were after- ward relieved by Holtzclaw's brigade. The siege was TiM^^t Stubbornly contested. Day by day the enemy drew nearer, and gradually succeeded in getting siege-guns within range of the forts, while the garrison were contin- ually fighting and repairing the breaches made in the walls. General Gibson described their life as "fighting all day and digging all night. " They found it impossible to procure the labor and imple ents needed, and their force was daily growing less. In spite of this they made ■-cveral brilliant sorties and inflicted terrible damage on the enemy. 46 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. April 8th, after a siege of thirteen days, a general bom- bardment was commenced, the besiegers having ad- vanced steadily in spite of the heroic resistance of the garrison, whose lines were becoming painfully thin. Finally, after 300 yards of the left line had been broken and 350 prisoners taken, it was decided to evacuate the fort. Lieutenants Clark and Holtzclaw, with desperate bravery, held the enemy in check while the garrison evacuated the fort. The first was killed, the second dangerously wounded. Many of the soldiers marched through the mire to Fort Blakely and some to Mobile. The siege of Blakely was then progressing, and though the fort was defended with the most desperate valor, the brave garrison were finally compelled to yield after a hand-to-hand encounter with overwhelming numbers. General Maury, with about 4,500 men, retired to Meridian, and the Federals entered Mobile without further opposition. While these operations were going on in south Ala- bama, General Wilson was on his famous raid from Gravelly Springs, Lauderdale county, to Selma. He had three divisions, commanded, respectively, by Generals Mi.C-ing and delivering orders." (954) Mentioned also in Col. J. M. Hall'sreport. (955-957) Report of Col. M. F. Bonham, commanding regiment. (959, 960, 961, 976) Mentioned in reports of Colonel Light- foot, Sixth Alabama, of Colonel Pickens, Twelfth Ala- bama, and of Gen. A. H. Colquitt. (1053) Confederate roll of honor, battle of Chancellorsville, Third regiment CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 59 of infantry of Alabama: Sergt. Walter Ransom, Com- jKiny C; Serirt. George H. Ellison, Company E; Corp. H. H. Hardy, Company G; Private C. D. Rouse, Company H ; Corp. W. H. Powers, Company K. Companies A, B, D, F and L declined voting. Xo. 44— (2S7) Third Alabama, Col. C. A. Battle, O'Neal's brigade, Rodes' division, army of Northern Vir- ^'inia, at the battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863. {332, 342) I J killed, 79 wounded at battle of Gettysburg. (444) General Ewell's report of battle of Gettysburg: "Third Alabama by some mistake left with Daniel's brigade." (560) In the skirmish at Manassas Gap. (563) List of field and statT officers present with their commands at the battle of Gettysburg . . . Col. C. A. Battle, Lieut. -Col. C. Forsyth, who sprained his ankle on July 2d, and Maj. R. M. Sands. (576) Mentioned by Col. William A. Owens. (S79. 580) Also mentioned in report of General Iverson. (587) Gen. S. D. Ramseur in his report says: "Colonel Battle, with the Third Alabama, rendered brilliant and in- valuable service. Attaching his regiment to my command on his own responsibility, he came in at the right place, at the right time and in the right way. " (592, 593) Men- tioned in Colonel (General) O'Neal's report. (594) Report of Lieutenant-Colonel Forsyth. (594, 595) Report of Col. C. A. Battle, who says: " I received instructions to move with General Daniel. These instructions were followed i ■ until their longer observance became impracticable. I fc then sent an officer to General Daniel for orders, who on I his return said that General Daniel had no orders for me ; \ that I must act on my own responsibility. I at once ^ moved upon the right of General Ramseur then advanc- f ing to the attack, and offered him my regiment. The <-':Tcr was accepted, and my command acted under this I gallant officer in a charge which drove the enemy from one of his strongholds and then rejoined Rodes' brigade. I am indebted to Lieutenant- Colonel Forsyth and Major Sands for valuable assistance." No. 45 — (922, 1059) Rodes' brigade, June and July, 1863. No. 48 — (399) In Battle's brigade, Lee's army. Col. Charles Forsyth commanding regiment, September 30, 1S63. (4121 Killed I. wounded i, Bristoe campaign. (617) 1 Wounded, October 26 to November S, 1S63. (81 8) Assign- ment as above, October 31, 1863. (S38) 5 Wounded at 60 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. engagement on Payne's Farm and operations, Mine Run. (88S) Report of Col. Charles For.syth on operations near Mine Run. Detachment of sharpshooters under Lieut. John T. Huggins of Company E. Columbus Dunn, Com- pany A, slightly wounded; Benjamin Woodell, Company K, severely wounded; W. T. Hall, Company B, slightly wounded. No. 49 — (683, 900) Assignment as above. Vol. LX — (1149) Joint Resolution of thanks to the Alabama troops who have re-enlisted for the war: Whereas, The Alabama troops, composing the brigade commanded by Brig. -Gen. Cullen A. Battle, in the army of Northern Virginia, volunteered in the service of the Confederate States in the early part of the year 1861, upon the first call for troops for the defense of Virginia, have participated in every battle fought by that army from the battle of Seven Pines to that of Gettysburg, always winning, by their gallantry and devotion deserved praise and honor; and now, after enduring for nearly three years the hardships and dangers of active military service, have re-enlisted for the war; Therefore, Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of America, That the thanks of Congress are due, and are hereby cordially tendered, to the Alabama troops, who, by their renewing the offer of their services to the country for the war in advance of any legislative action, have shown a spirit undaunted, a heroic determination to battle ever until the independence of their country is established, and a consecration to the cause of liberty worthy of imitation by their comrades. Resolved, That the President be requested to communicate a copy of these resolutions to the commander and troops of said brigade, as an evi- dence of the grateful appreciation by Congress of their lortitude and heroism during the trials and dangers of past_ser\-ices and of their late acts of patriotism, con- firming the faith and reassuring the hope of the patriot. Approved February 6, 1864. No. 67— (1024) Same assignment early in May, 1864. (1084) Mentioned in General Battle's report, operations May 8th. ^ No. 88 — (1217) Same assignment as above, August 31st. No. 89 — (1194) Same assignment, Capt. WatkinsPhelan in command. t)ctober 31st. (i:;46) Same assignment, Colonel Forsyth in command, November 30th. (1364) ! I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 61 \ Same assig^nment, Colonel Forsj-th commanding brigade, I December 31, 1S64. \ No. 90 — {564) In Battle's brigade, Ramseur's division, i Gen. J. A. Eariy. Battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, (^ 1864. (1002) Army of the Valley district, August 20, 1864. (1013) With Second army corps, army of Northern Vir- ginia, Gen. J. A. Early. No. 95 — (1270) Same assignment, Capt. Cornelius Rob- \ inson, Jr., in command, Appomattox campaign. No. 96 — {1172) Same assignment, January 31, 1865. ii) Same assignment, commanded by Capt. Benjamin K. Melton. (1270) Same assignment, February 28, 1865. %] THE FOURTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fourth Alabama regiment, commanded by Col. Egbert I. Jones, was organized at Dalton, Ga., May, 1861, and immediately proceeded to Virginia. It fought with great distinction at Manassas, Seven Pines, Cold Harbor, Second Manassas, Boonesboro, Sharpsburg, Gettysburg, Chickamauga, The Wilderness, Spottsylvania, battles around Richmond and Petersburg. When General Lee surrendered at Appomattox, the regiment numbered but 202 men. Among the many officers who were killed in these I battles were Col. Egbert I. Jones and Captain Lindsay, both of whom fell at Manassas ; Capt. G. B. Martin at Seven Pines; William Lee at Malvern Hill; Lieut. C. C. S Ferris at Second Manassas; Capt. J. Sullivan at Sharpsburg; Colonel McLemore at Boonesboro; Capt. J. Keith at Fredericksburg; Capt. W. W. Leftwich at Gettysburg; Major Coleman at Chickamauga; Captain Kidd at Chickamauga; Capt. Bayless C. Brown at The Wilderness; Capt. H. Armistead at Gaines' Mill; Capt. Alfred C. Price at Gaines' Mill, and Capt. A. Murray at Petersburg. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICI.\L WAR RECORDS. Vol. I_(47o) Referred to in letter from S. A. M. 62 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Wood, Pensacola, August 8, 1861, to L. P. Walker, secretary of war. Vol. II— (470) Assigned to General Bee's brigade, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's division, army of the Shen- andoah, June 30, 1861. (473,474) Mentioned in General Johnston's report of the operations of the army of Shen- andoah and Potomac, May 23d-July azd. (487-495) Sev- eral mentions in General Beauregard's report of same operations. He says: "The Fourth Alabama also suffered severely from the deadly fire of the thousands of muskets which they so dauntlessly confronted under the immediate leadership of Bee himself. Its brave colonel (E. J. Jones) was dangerously wounded and m.any gallant officers fell, slain or hors de combat. . . It was now that General Johnston impressively and gallantly charged to the front with the colors of the Fourth Alabama by his side, all the field officers of the regiment having been pre- viously disabled. The brave Bee was mortally wounded at the head of the Fourth Alabama." (569) In the list of troops engaged in the battle of Manassas, sent in by Col. Thomas Rhett. (5-0) 40 men killed and 157 wounded at Manassas. (S36) Fourth Alabama sent to Stonewall Jackson, Richmond, May 12, i86i. [Letter of General Lee, May 12, 1861.] (861) At Harper's Ferry, May 21, 1861. Vol. V— (648) Mentioned by Col. George D. Wills, First Massachusetts. (1030) In Potomac district, General Beauregard, Whiting's brigade, Januarv, 1862. Vol. IX— (379) General McClellan, U. S. A., informs General Burnside that troops are moving from Richmond to North Carolina, March 25, 1862. Vol. XI, Part I — (994) Mentioned in General Smith's report of battle of Seven Pines. (1076) Capt. G. B. Mastin killed at battle of Seven Pines. Vol. XI, Part 2— (483) In Whiting's division, Jack- son's corps, brigade commanded by its colonel, E. M. Law. (503) 25 killed and 113 wounded in fights be- fore Richmond, June 26-July i, 1862. (563-567) Highly commended in Gen. W. H. C. Whiting's report of battle around Richmond. General Whiting says: " Lieut. -Col. O. K. McLemore, Fourth Alabama, received a painful wound early in action, the command devolving on Capt. L. H. Scruggs, who conducted the regiment through." Casualties: 22 killed, loS wounded at Gaines' Mill, and CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 63 1 killed, 13 wounded at Malvern Hill. (9S5) Capts. H. Armistead killed June 27th, and Alfred C. Price died of wounds received June 27th. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (114) Mentioned in report of Gen. Geo. B. McClellan, near Yorktown, April 20, 1S62. (483) In Whiting's brigade, Johnston's army, April 30th, 459 strong. (531,652) Same assignment. (654) Mentioned in letter of General Lee to President Davis, July 25, 1862. Vol. XII, Part 2 — (547) In General Whiting's brigade. Hood's division. Northern Virginia, during battles of August 2S-September i, 1862. (560) t8 killed, 45 wounded, Manassas Plains, August, 1862. (567) General Longstreet's report of operations commends "Col. E. M. Law at Manassas Plains on August 29th and 30th, Boonsboro, and at Sharpsburg on the i6th and 17 th. . . . It is with no common feeling that I recount the loss at Manassas Plains of . . . Lieut. -Col. O. K. McLemore, Fourth Alabama." (604-606) Mentioned in General Hood's report of operations, including Freeman's Ford, Groveton and Manassas. (623-625) Report of same oper- ations by Col. E. M. Law commanding Whiting's brigade. Mentions Colonel McLemore and highly commends Pri- vate Smith, and gives 19 killed, 44 wounded. (816) Lieut. D. C. Farris killed August 29th. Vol. XVIII— (782) Mentioned in letter from General Whiting to Major-General Smith. V..I. XIX, Part I— (S05, 811) Law's brigade. Hood's division, Lee's army, Maryland campaign. Medical Director Lafayette Guild, in his report of casualties, gives 7 killed, 37 wounded, in operations from August i6th to September 2d. (922-924) Report of General Hood, of Maryland campaign, gives Fourth Alabama in engage- ments of Freeman's Ford, Rappahannock River, August ijd; Plains of Manassas, August 29th and 3ot-h; Bor)ns- boro Gap, Md., September 14th, and Sharpsburg, Sep- tember i6th and 17th. At Boonsboro fell mortally wounded Lieut-Col. O. K. McLemore, a most efficient, gallant and valuable officer. Capt. L. H. Scruggs re- ceived several wounds. Colonel Law was conspicuous, commanding brigade. (937, 938) Report of Colonel Law, commanding brigade, of battle of Sharpsburg, says: "The Fourth Alabama pushed into the wood in which the skirmish had taken place the evening previous and drove the enemy through and beyond it. . . . Captain 64 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Scruggs commanding the Fourth Alabama received wounds while discharging his duty." Vol. XIX, Parts — (719) Inspection report of Gen. R. H. Chilton, November 14, 1S62: "Fourth Alabama, Col. P. D. Bowles: Arms mixed, in tolerable order, 12 wanting; 50 men needing clothes and shoes; 2 barefooted; camp in tolerable order. ' ' Vol. XXI — (540, 559) In Law's brigade, Hood's divis- ion, army of Northern ,Virginia, General Longstreet, December, 1862. Medical director reports 3 killed and i6 wounded, battle of Fredericksburg, December 11 to 15, 1862. (622, 623) Report of General Hood of same battle mentions the Fourth Alabama, and gives casualties, 5 killed and 18 wounded. (624) General Law's report of the same says: "It is with deep sorrow that I report the death of Private U. S. Smith of the Fourth Alabama regiment, an acting officer on my staff. Alabama never bore a braver son, and our country's cause has never received the sacrifice of a manlier spirit. He fell where the hour of danger always found him — at his post. " He gfives casualties 4 killed, 18 wounded. (1071) Assign- ment as above. No. 44 — (284, 330, 339) In Law's brigade. Hood's divis- ion, army of Northern Virginia, Lieut. -Col. L. H. Scruggs in command of regiment, July, 1S62. Return of casualties at battle of Gettysburg, July i, 2 and 3, 1863, 17 killed and 49 wounded. (362) Mentioned in report of Gen. James Longstreet, Gettysburg campaign. Says General Law was severely wounded. (391, 392) Report of Lieut. -Col. L. H. Scruggs, Gettysburg campaign, says: "Both officers and men behaved with great gallantrv, and many brave and good soldiers fell. Total of casualties, 87." (418,419) Report of Gen. Henry L. Benning, Get- tysburg campaign, speaks well of the Fourth and their assistance in foiling the plans of the enemy. No. 45— (920, 1059) Assignment as above. Col. P. D. Bowles commanding regiment. No. 49— (683) and No. 50— (231) Same assignment. No. 51— (18, 395) Assigned as above, Chickamauga -campaign. Mentioned in report of Col. R. C. Tyler. No. 54— (223, 225, 227) General Law's brigade. Hood's -division, Lieut. -Col. L. H. Scruggs in command of regi- ment. Mentioned in repnrt of Gen. E. M. Law. Lookout val- ley, November 3, 1863: "With the assistance of the Fourth CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 65 Alabama, which had cleared its front of the enemy, the line was re-established, and the enemy driven from it. ' ' (229, 230) Gen. J. L. Sheffield, commanding Law's brigade at engagement near Lookout creek, speaks several times especially of the Fourth; he says that Lieutenant-Col- onel Scruggs, commanding the Fourth, co-operating with the Forty-fourth under Colonel Perry, drove the enemy from and beyond the breastworks ; he returned but was again driven back. Reports i killed. (452) Assignment as above. Colonel Bowles in command of regiment, No- vember 30th. No. 55 — (658) Detached with Longstreet's corps, November 4th, for operations in East Tennessee. No. 56 — (573) Lieutenant Manston informs Major Bu- ford, October 21, 1S63, that he has some men of the Fourth on duty who are of great service on account of their knowledge of the country. (615, 890) Refers to organization. No. 58 — (641) Assignment, January 31, 1864, as above. No. 59 — (722) Law's brigade, Buckner's division, department East Tennessee, March 31, 1864. No. 60 — (339, 349, 350) Mentioned by General Merritt and A. A. Humphreys, U. S. A., Culpeper, Va., Jan- uary, 1864. No. 67 — (1022, 1060) General Law's brigade. Field's division, Lee's army, May, 1864. Twenty-two killed and 62 wounded, May 4th to 6th. No. 80 — (763) Three killed, 6 wounded, June 13 to July 31, 1864, Richmond campaign. No. 82— (592) Mentioned by John C. Babcock, U. S. A. No. 87 — (877) Seven killed and 29 wounded, August ist to December 31st. No. 88 — (34, 36, 159, 1215) Mentioned by Gen. B. F. Butler, Gen. R. S. Foster and in "list of rebel forces on north side of James river." No. 89 — (118S) Assignment as above, October 31, 1864, Colonel Bowles in command. (1238) November 30th, Capt. A. D. Mclnnis in command. (1364) December 31st, Colonel Bowles in command. No. 95 — (1268) Law's brigade. Field's division, Appo- mattox campaign, Lieutenant-Colonel Scruggs in com- mand of regiment. (1171) January 31, 1865, Colonel Bowles j in command, (i 179) Inspection reports. (1269) February I 2S, 1865. Lieutenaut-Culonel Scruggs iu command. 66 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. THE FIFTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fifth Alabama regiment was organized at Mont- gomery, May 5, 1861. Its first duty was at Pensacola, Fla. In August it was ordered to report to the com- manding officer of the army of Northern Virginia. Its first colonel was the renowned Robert E. Rodes, who was promoted to brigadier-general, October 21,' 1 86 1, and to the rank of major-general, May 2, 1863.' He was distinguished in all the battles of Northern Vir- ginia and was wounded and disabled at Seven Pines, but recovered sufficiently to resume command of the brigade at the battles of Boonsboro and Sharpsburg. He was then placed in command of a division, which he led in its brilliant charge on Hooker's line at Chancellorsville, and it was for his gallantry in this battle that he received the commission of major-general. He was greatly distinguished at Gettysburg, The Wilderness, Spottsylvania, the second battle of Cold Harbor, Castleman's Ferrj-, Kemstown and Winchester In the latter battle, while triumphantly leading his divis- ion, he received a mortal wound, lamented by his com- . manders and the entire army of Northern Viro-inia to- ward whose great victories he had largely contributed. Generals Lee and Stonewall Jackson spoke of him in terms of highest commendation, and at Gettysburg his gallantry and skillful conduct elicited from General Lee his admiration and special thanks. The next commander of this regiment was Christopher C. Pegues, who, like General Rodes, also reached great distmction, and after winning the encomiums of his com- mander for his gallantry in many battles, was killed while leading his regiment in the bloody charge at Cold Harbor. Allen T. Jones, Lafayette Hobson and Josephus M Hall afterward succeeded in command of this regiment John T. Morgan, afterward a brigadier-general, was at one time its lieutenant-colonel, and Eugene Blackford CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 67 its major. Its first severe engagement was at Seven Pines, May 31 and June i, 1862, where it lost 27 killed and 128 wounded. It also earned a well-merited meed of honor at Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor, June 27th and 28th; Malvern Hill, July isttosth; Second Manassas, August 30th; Boonsboro, September 15th; Sharpsburg, September 17, 1862; Chancellorsville, May i and 4, 1863; Gettysburg, July i to 3, 1863; the Wilderness, May 5, 6 and 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, ^lay 8 to 18, 1864; Second Cold Harbor, June i to 12, 1864; advance upon Washing- ton, July, 1864; battle of Winchester, July 24, 1864, and the terrible conflict in the trenches around Petersburg, September, 1864, to April, 1S65. Among the other officers who were killed in battle were Capt. G. W. Johnson at Cold Harbor, Capt. Wil- liam T. Renfro at Chancellorsville, Capt. N. R. E. Fer- guson at the Wilderness, Capt. George Reed near Win- chester, Capt. J. N. Gilchrist at Second Cold Harbor, Lieut. L. D. Wiley at Seven Pines, Lieutenant Ramsey at Gaines' Mill, and Lieut. Albert J. Wilcox at Gettysburg. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. II— (309, 423, 433) Mention by Col. O. B. Wil- cox (Union), by Col. D. S. Miles, U. S. A., Cen- treville, Va., by Colonel Marsh (Union) as near Fairfax Court House. (440-446) Mentioned in report of Gen. G. T. Beauregard, Manassas: "With its excellent officer. Colonel Rodes, it made a resolute protracted de- tense against heavy odds. On the morning of the 17th, when the enemy appeared before that position, they were checked and held at bay with some confessed loss in a skirmish in advance of the works in which Major Morgan and Captain Shelley, Fifth Alabama regiment volunteers, acted with intelligent gallantr>', and the post was only abandoned under general, but specific, imperative orders, in conformity with a long-conceived, established plan of ac- tion and battle. " (447) Beauregard's special orders regard- ing position of regiment, July 8, 1861. (459-461) Colonel Rodes' report of the affair of Fairfax Court House, Va., says: "Captain Shelley's company having been sent out 6S CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. skirmishing, on the morning of the 17th, they were returning to camp for provisions, having been sent off in such a hurry as to prevent their making preparations for breakfast, and had gotten within three-quarters of a mile of camp before the approach of the enemy was announced to them by one of ray couriers coming in with a prisoner who had been taken by a sentinel (Private Wethered of Company H). The outpost and guard fell back, fight- ing not very severely, but killing several of the enemy. One of the guard (Kennedy of' Company H) killed 2, having taken two deliberate musket-shots from the same spot at 4 of the Federalists, all of whom fired at him. Shelley's company having advanced again to sustain the guards, had a sharp skirmish with them. The result of the skirmish may be summed up thus: On our side 2 men wounded slightly, one in leg, the other in the ear; on the side of the enemy, i prisoner and at least »o killed and wounded." (537) Mentioned in Gen- eral Ewell's report. (944) General Beauregard assigns regiment to Second brigade, June 20th. (1000) Same assignment, July 25, 1861. Vol. V — (737) Mentioned as being near mouth of Bull Run, by E. J. Allen (Allen Pinkerton), January 27, 1862. {825) Ewell's brigade, Beauregard's corps, August, 1861. (1029) Rodes' brigade, Beauregard's "Potomac District," January 14, 1S62. Vol. XI, Part I — (621) Mentioned in report of Capt. Wm. Hexauer, of action at West Point landing, May 7, 1862. (971-976) Mentioned in report of Gen. R. E. Rodes of battle of Seven Pines or " Fair Oaks," several times. Calls special attention to gallantrv and coolness, among others, of Col. C. C. Pegues and Maj. E. L. Hob- son; also reports 29 killed and iSi wounded. (977, 978) Report of Cul. C. C. Pegues, same battle, speaks' very highly of conduct of Major Hobson and Lieut. R. Inge Smith, acting adjutant. He reports 229 killed and wounded. (1076) Lieut. L. D. Wilev among killed. Vol. XI. Part 2— (484) Rodes' brigade. Hill's division, Jackson's corps; Seven Days' battles around RichmoTid. (405) Casualties, 43 killed and 131 wounded, June 26 to July I, 1S62. (621) Mentioned in report of Col. Bradley Johnson, Maryland line. (625) Report of Gen. D. H. Hill speaks very highly of this regiment and its officers. He says: "Col. C. C. Pegues, the noble Christian com- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 69 mander of the Fifth Alabama, fell mortally wounded in this charge." (630-633) General Rodes' report of battle of Gaines' Mill, June 27th, says: " Lieutenant Ramsey and a private of the Fifth xUabama killed; all the regiment and regimental officers acted handsomely, but the Fifth and Twenty-sixth were especially distinguished for their courage. No troops ever acted better. Col. C. C. Pegues was wounded desperately and has since died. Upon falling he called to the next officer in command, Maj. E. L. Hobson, and told him that the Fifth had always been in the advance, and it was his last wish that he would let no other pass it. ilajor Hobsoii gallantly carried out his wishes, and led the regiment constantly ahead of all others in the division except the Twenty-sixth Alabama, which, under its brave Colonel O'Neal, kept steady with it." Reports loss of brigade as 31 killed and 114 wounded in engagements from June 27th to July ist (of these, 21 killed and 45 wounded belonged to the Fifth Alabama). (633-635) Col. J. B. Gordon's report of same operations makes several mentions of regiment, also of gallant conduct of Major Hobson; gives casualties 26 killed, 66 wounded, and says " these figures are correct." (638) Mentioned in report of Col. B. B. Gayle. (975) Casualties at Gaines' Mill, 21 killed, 45 wounded. (976) Casualties at Malvern Hill, 26 killed, 66 wounded. Vol. XI, Part 3— (482,532) Rodes' brigade, Early's division, about April 30, 1S62, 660 strong. (601) Men- tioned in order of Col. J. B. Gordon, June 15, 1862. (650) Assignment as above, July, 1862, Col. J. M. Hall in command. Vol. XIX, Part i— (S08) Rodes' brigade, Lee's army, Maryland campaign, regiment commanded by Major Hobson. (101S-1030) Mentioned in Gen. D. H. Hill's report of Maryland campaign. Names particularly Major Hobson and Lieut. J. M. GofE. (1035-103S) Gen- eral Rodes' report, battles of Boonsboro and Sharps- burg, speaks in the highest terms of commendation. He says: " Under Major Hobson's gallant management, tliough flanked, wheeled against the flanking party and by desperate fighting silenced the enemy so far as to enable them to make their way to the peak before men- ti'incd. The men generally did well, but Major Hobson "f the Fifth Alabama deserves special mention tor admir- able conduct during the whole fight. Major Hobson TO CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. and Lieut. J. M. Goff (the latter with a musket) bore dis- ting-uished parts in the fit^ht." Vol. XXI — (541-560) Rodes' brigade, Hill's division. Loss, I wounded; battle of Fredericksburg. (1073) Lieut.- Col. E. L. Hobson in command of regiment. No. 39 — (792) Rodes' brigade, Hill's division, Jack- son's corps. (S07) Report of medical director, battle of Chancellorsville, 24 killed and 130 wounded. (943-946) Gen. R. E. Rodes' report of same battle says: "The Fifth and Twenty-sixth Alabama, with some other regiments, carried the heights in magnificent style, planting their colors inside the works." Attention called to gallantry of Colonel Hall; Lieutenant-Colo- nel Hobson severely wounded; also mentions Gilliam James of Company D. (948) Casualties given at killed a4, wounded 133. Colonel Hall, Lieutenant-Colonel Hobson, Maj. Eugene Blackford " under fire. " (949) Mentioned by General Rodes. (951-953) Colonel O'Neal, commanding Rodes' brigade, mentions Major Black- ford; he also says: "Capt. W. T. Renfro, command- ing right wing of the Fifth Alabama after Colonel Hobson had been wounded, brought in 225 prisoners. . . . Lieutenant-Colonel Hobson was wounded while gallantly rushing in front of his men. Captured in the midst of the enemy's guns and intrenchments and some time be- fore any other troops reached that point, the loss of their flag is one of the highest evidences of the gallant and daring service rendered by the Fifth Alabam^a regiment in the action of that day." (953-955) Colonel Hall's (commanding brigade) report of battle commends Cap- tain Renfro, who was severely wounded while gallantly leading the Fifth. "Justice demands that I should men- tion Lieut. -Col. J. S. Garvin, commanding the Twentv- sixth Alabama, and Capt. W. T. Renfro, commanding the Fifth Alabama, who were both severely, if not mortally, wounded while gallantly leading their regiments, and giving the highest evidence of that coolness and skill which should ever characterize a true soldier. " (957 958) Report of Col. J. M. Hall (Fifth Alabama), same battle, says: " Lieutenant-Colonel Hobson, whose daring cour- age led him always to the front, was severely wounded. Major Blackford being in command of the sharpshooters, the senior captain (W. T. Renfro)\vas placed in command of the regiment wing and the pursuit continued. Both 1^ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 71 officers and men acted well and vied with each other in doing their whole duty. I would, however, respectfully mention the gallant conduct of Capt. T. M. Rilev, Com- pany C; Adjt. C. J. Pegues, Sergt.-Maj. Alfred G. Ward; also Sergt. Adam Swicegood and Corp. A. M. Ballard, Company E, and Private James Arrington, Company D. All of these men acted with the most undaunted courage, coolness and skill. " (958,959) Report of Capt.T. M. Riley: "Captain Renfro, while bravely leading the advance and calling on the men to follow, fell, mortally wounded. Being senior officer, I now assumed command of the regi- ment." (965,966) Mentioned in reports of Colonel Garvin and Lieut. M. J. Taylor. (1052,1053) Roll of honor of the Fifth regiment, battle of Chancellorsville : Capt. W. T. Renfro, Company B; Private John Summers, Company B; Private F. M. Burnett, Company C; Sergt. John H. Cowan, Company D; Private L. H. Thornton, Company E ; Private W. P. Stokes, Company A ; Corp. H. F. Mar- tin, Company K; Private R. L. Franklin, Company H; Private H. J. Robertson, Company I; Corp. John O'Don- ohoe, Company F; Private N. S. Franklin, Company G. No. 40 — (456) Mentioned by Gen. H. W. Slocum, Chancellorsville. No. 44 — (287) O'Neal's brigade, Rodes' division; Col- onel Hall in command of regiment. Gettysburg, July i to 4. 1S63. (332, 336, 342) Returns of casualties after bat- tle of Gettysburg give 21 killed, 109 wounded. Regi- mental report gives loss 209. (444) Mentioned by Gen. A. S. Pendleton. (545-561) General Rodes' report of Gettysburg campaign gives the part taken by regiment. Refers to Major Blackford in terms of high praise. (563) List of officers with their commands at battle of Gettys- burg gives Colonel Hall, Major Blackford; list of officers killed or wounded, Lieut. A. J. Wilcox. (592-594) Men- tioned in report of Col. E. A. O'Neal. (595-597) Report of Col. J. M. Hall says: "I would respectfully state that the general conduct of my command was all that I could desire. I would beg to mention the names of the follow- ing officers: Capt. T. M. Riley; Capts. E. B. Mosley and ;■. M. Gilchrist; Lieuts. Burton Goode and John A. Kirk- and; E. P. Jones and J. F. Christian, Adjt. C. J. Pegues acted with conspicuous gallantrj'; Lieut. Albert J. Wil- cox, a mnsi gallant officer, was killed on the field." En- tire loss Gettysburg, 21 killed, i;i wounded. (598) 72 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Report of Maj. Eugene Blackford says: "Though all acted so well, I would scarcely like to make a distinction, yet I must call your attention to the conduct of Sergt. Christopher Clark, commanding a company from the Fifth Alabama regiment. He handled his company with great skill and courage and would well fill a commission. ' ' No. 45 — (922, 1059) General Rodes' division. Second army corps, General Ewell, Colonel Hall in command of regiment. No. 48 — (399, 818, 838) Assignment as above, Septem- ber and October, 1863. Thirty-one wounded in engage- ments at Payne's Farm and Mine Run, November 26th to December 3d. (SS9, 890) Highly commended in report of Col. J. M. Hall No. 49 — {683, 900) Assignment as above, December 31, 1863. No. 60 — (i 149) Joint resolution of thanks from Congress to Battle's brigade, February 6, 1864. [See Extracts under Third regiment.] No. 67 — (1024) and No. 88 — (121 7) Assignment as above. No. 89 — (1194) Battle's brigade, Lieutenant-Colonel Hobson in command; Rodes' (late) division; regiment commanded by Capt. Thomas M. Riley, October 31, 1864. (1246) Colonel Hall commanding regiment, November 30, 1864. (1364) Colonel Hobson commanding regiment, December 31, 1S64. No. 90 — (564) Rattle's brigade, Ramseur's division, Colonel Hobson leading brigade after General Battle was wounded, battle of Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864. (1002. 1013) Battle's brigade, Rodes' division, army of the Valley district, Colonel Hall in command of regiment, August 31st. No. 95— (1270) Battle's brigade, Grimes' (late Rodes') division. Second army corps; Colonel Hobson and Capt. T. M. Riley. Appomattox campaign. No. 96 — (670, 1172, 1 181, 1270) Assignment as above. Captain Riley in command, January 31, 1865. THE SIXTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Sixth Alabama infantry was organized at Mont- gomery, May, 1861. Its first colonel was John J. Seibels, who had commanded a battalion in the Mexican war. Its f.rst service v,-as at Corinth. It was soon ordered to Vir- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 73 pinia, and during the winter of 1862 was stationed far in front of the army, at Manassas Junction. Its first serious battle was at Seven Pines, May 31 to June i, 1862, where the regiment was greatly distinguished, losing 102 officers and men killed and wounded, including Lieut. -Col. James J. Willingham, Maj. S. Perry Nesmith, and Capts. Thomas Bell, Matthew Fox, W. C. Hunt, Augustus S. Floumoy and John B. McCarty. The Sixth served in nearly all the battles of the army of Northern Virginia, including Mechanicsville, June 26, 1862; Cold Harbor or Gaines' Mill, June 27th and 28th; Malvern Hill, July I St to 5th; Boonsboro, September 15th; Sharpsburg, September 17th; Fredericksburg, December 13th; Chancellorsville, May 1-4, [863; The Wilderness, Mays, 6and 7, 1S64; Spottsylvania, May 8th to i8th; Win- chester, July 24th, and all the numerous battles and con- flicts around Petersburg, September, 1864, to April, 1865. Lieut. -Col. Augustus M. Gordon was killed at Chancel- lorsville; Adjt. J. Whitt Thomas at Spottsylvania; Adjt. Edgar Watson at Farmville. Capt. W. C. Hunt, wounded at Seven Pines, was killed while gallantly leading his men at Cedar Creek. Capts. Matt. Fox, Thos. H. Bell and Augustus S. Flournoy were killed at Seven Pines, and Capt. Thomas Lightfoot at Winchester. Among the other distinguished officers of the regiment were Lieut. - Col. James M. Lightfoot, Lieut. -Col. B. H. Baker, Lieut. - Col. George W. Hooker, Maj. Walker H. Weems and Maj. Isaac F. Culver. But probably the most distinguished officer was John B. Gordon, who entered the regiment as a captain, passed rapidly through the grades of lieutenant- colonel and colonel, was appointed brigadier-general May 7, 1863, and major-general May 14, 1864. At the close of the war in 1865 he was in command of an army corps in Northern Virginia. EXTRACTS FRO.M OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. II — (440, 469) With Ewell's brigade occupying 74 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. position in vicinity of the Union Mills ford, August 1861 Beauregard s report, engagements from Tulyle to 21, 1861. (537) General Ewell in his report of Manassas men ions Seibels' Sixth Alabama. (944, 1000) Tssg ^T.,l]X%r'''' ^'^^'^ ''^- -• J-- -th. a^d Vol. V— (737) Mentioned in letter of E. T. Allen Tan TsfiT ^'i ^''f-T («^5) Assignment as abovi, Au^lst-^'l ^?f,i;- ('t°'9) In Rodes' brigade, General Beauregard's district, January 14, 1S62 ^ banS' ?/v!^''nT^^^'-9c^'^ ^^^- ^- ^- R-^^s' report of battle of Fair Oaks or Seven Pines, May 31 to June , 1862, says: Wound in his arm so painful that he wa^ compelled to turn over command of brigade to Coloiel Gordon, of the Sixth Alabama. " The refiment '' he savs "lost more than half its force." Ninety one kiHed ^n^.V^ ^r^^*^^- "Lieutenant-Colonel^Vminghim and Major ^esmith of the Sixth Alabama, and Cap t C C. Otey, of the heavy artillery, ^vho had been con spicuous for their gallantry and efficiency, fell whi?e tTefiX 7"'^^ '"f ,'^^^^ "^^" ^"^° the 'thickest of iesso^nf M.^tT""? the hvmg whose gallantrj^ and cool- Gordon •• A r' '° '^'f t'^^t'on. I beg to mention Col. J. B. ?^vtv, A- ^ '° ^'^^''Y °^ Captains Fox and Bell of the Sixth as distinguished. "The Sixth Alabama lost nearlv 60 per cent, of its aggregate force. The r^ht compaS- U^brT^?fonlm "','' ""^^ ^"'-^^^^^ ^^''^^ '"^^ enem7tha^ lll.^^?,'^ commander. Captain Bell, after having fallen mortally wounded, was able to use his revolver wkh effect upon the enemy. The loss of his company waTi kiS SlameTB Wri^''^'^^^'^'^^-'' ("9, 9S0) Report of W^-*^ ^- .fl°'^'^°"' commanding brigade, battle of Se^enPmes: "Captain Fox, no less brave than accom pli.hed, was killed. ••Colonel Gordon praises his rej^ent d.„nH "^T ""^"'-^''fied terms for their unswerA-i-nland dauntless heroism m the face of the enemy. . ' ' ig ^is CcJo^dU^nr "h " ^"d efficient field offiirs, Lieutenan ! rTble^'"' -deed-to the regiment it is almS^frrera- ' H R.li \i ^°™P'''">'^' ""'^^ command of Capt.Thon^as lif.l ', ^^^"^hom a more gallam officer never gave^ts life for love of country. In a sheet of fire and wkhin a few rods of ovenvhelming numbers, this compan; s^ood CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 75 until the last officer and non-commissioned officer, except one corporal and 44 men of the 56 carried into action had fallen. Yet when General Rodes gave the order for his regiment to fall back, the few survivors were loading and firing all undaunted amid their fallen comrades. In my judgment history does not record an instance of greater courage and more steadiness of nerve than was exhibited by this entire regiment. ... Of Captains Flournoy and McCarty, and each man that fell, I can say he died at his post." Vol. XI, Part 2 — (4S4) Rodes' brigade, Jackson's corps, engagements around Richmond. {507, 975, 976) Casual- ties, 3 killed and 13 wounded, June 27, 1862, and 8 killed and 39 wounded, July ist. (625) Mentioned in report of Gen. D. H. Hill. (630-633) Report of Gen. R. E. Rodes. battle of Gaines' Mill: "I was compelled (from a wound) to turn over the command of brigade to Colonel Gordon of the Sixth Alabama. I desire to call especial attention to the conduct of the above-mentioned officer ; it was dis- tinguished for all a soldier can admire." (635, 637) Re- port of Col. J. B. Gordon, battle of Gaines' Mill. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (426, 445) Gen. A. J. Dickinson men- tions the Sixth. (482) Johnston's army, 1,100 strong, April 30, 1S62. (532) Rodes' brigade, Johnston's army, near Richmond, May 21st. (601) Mentioned in circular of Col. J. B. Gordon, June 15th. (650) Assignment as above, army of Northern Virginia, July 23d, Colonel Gor- don in command of regiment. Vol. XIX, Part i— (272) Report of Gen. T. Seymour, U. S. A., battle South Mountain, September 14, 1862. (808) Assignment as above during the Maryland campaign. (950) Mentioned in report of Captain Durham, Twenty- third South Carolina, Boonsbnro and Sharpsburg. (1023- 1028) General Hill, in his report of operations from June 23d to September 17th says: "Colonel Gordon, the Chris- tian hero, excelled his former deeds at Seven Pines in the battles around Richmond. Our language is not capable of expressing higher commendation. [Sharpsburg] Col. J. B. Gordon, the Chevalier Bayard of the army. Lieu- tenant-Colonel Lightfoot of the Sixth was wounded at Sharpsburg." General Hill also speaks in high terms of Lieut. P. H. Larey andSergt. J. B. Hancock, of the Sixth. (1034-103S) Report of Gen. R. E Rodes, battles of Boons- boro and Sharpsburg, says : " ' The men generally did well. II 76 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. but Colonel Gordon, Sixth Alabama, deserves special mention for admirable conduct during the whole fight. " He gives great praise to this regiment throughout his report. Vol. XXI — (541, 1073) Rodes' brigade, Second corps, General Jackson, army of Northern Virginia, December, 1862. (560) Report of medical director, i killed and 7 wounded, Fredericksburg. No. 39 — (79::) Colonel Lightfoot in command of regi- ment, April, 1863. (S07) Medical director reports 24 killed and 125 wounded at the battle of Chancellorsville. (943- 939-940) Report of Gen. R. E. Rodes of battle of Chancel- lorsville: "Tlie fighting on the center and left was of a most desperate character, and resulted in the loss of many valuable otlicers; among them and most to be regretted was Maj. A. M. Gordon, of the Sixth Alabama (May 3d), a young officer of great promise and purity of character." (948) Casualties reported. (949) General Rodes says that the regiment captured a battery flag at Chancellorsville. (951) Captured 105 prisoners, May 2d. (952, 954, 955) Mentioned in General O'Neal's report, and Colonel Hall's (commanding brigade). (959, 960) Lieutenant-Colonel Lightfoot's report says: "In a word, my officers and men all acted exceedingly gallantly; 22 killed and 135 wounded Maj. A. M. Gordon killed at the head of his regiment; his vacancy cannot be filled in the regiment." (976, 986) Mentioned by CJen. II. Cokiuitt and Gen. Alfred Iverson. (1053) Roll of honor: Private Matthew Benton, Company A; Private W. H. Digby, Company C; Sergt. E. O. Baker, Company E; Private H. L. Jones, Company G; Private James W. Evans, Company I; Sergt. H. W. Hale, Com- pany L; Sergt. J. C. Gamble, Company B; Private H. H. Moore, Company D; Corp. G. P. Jones, Company F; Sergt. D. Madigan, Company II; Private H. I. Price,' Company K; Private D. W. Moorer, Company M. No. 44— (2S7) Second corps. Gen. R. S. Ewell; regi- mental commanders, Colonel Lightfoot and Capt. M. L. Bowie, July, 1S63. (322, 342) Casualties at Gettysburg, 18 killed and 113 wounded. (336) 2 wounded in skirmishes en route from Pennsylvania. (545-553) Mentioned in report of Gen. R. E. Rodes. (563) Colonel Lightfoot and Maj. J. F. Culver wounded. July ist. (592, 693) Report of Col. E. A. O'Neal. (599-600) Report of Capt. M. L, Bowie, from June 2d to July 3d, says: "The conduct of the men CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY 77 of the regiment was highly commendable, entitling them to the confidenceof their commanding officers, and reflect- ing credit upon the name and character of the Sixth Ala- bama regiment;" 350 carried into battle; loss 162. No. 48 — (399) Assignment as above, September 30, 1863. (412) I killed and i wounded in Bristoe campaign, October loth to 2ist. (818) Battle's brigade, Second array corps. Colonel Lightfoot in command of regiment, October 31st. (890-891) Report of Maj. Isaac F. Culver; operations along Mine Run, November 27th to December 3d. No. 60 — (1149) Joint resolution of thanks from Congress to Battle's brigade, February 6, 1864. [See Extracts un- der Third regiment.] No. 67 — (545, 553, 561, 567) Mentioned in reports of General Warren, Col. Wm. S. Tilton and Maj. Mason W. Burt, U. S. A. (1024) Assignment as above, May, 1864. (1083) Mentioned in report of Gen. C. A. Battle, opera- tions May 8, 1864. (1093) Report of Gen. N. H. Harris, operations May 12th and 13th, says: "The adjutant of the Sixth Alabama, with a few noble men, joined me and did heroic service. I asked his name on the field but do not remember it. A braver or more daring officer I never saw, and, I regret to say, sealed his devotion with his life blood. ' ' No. 89 — (1194) Battle's brigade, army Valley district, October 31, 1864, Capt. R. M. Greene in command of reg- iment. (1246) Assignment as above, Colonel Lighifoot in command, November 30th. (1364) Battle's brigade, Sec- ond army corps. Captain Greene in command, December 31, 1864. No. 90 — (564) Battle's brigade, Ramseur's division, at battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864. (1002, 1013) Rodes' division, Early's army, August 31st. No. 95 — (1270) Assignment as above, Appomattox cam- paign, Maj. J. F. Culver commanding regiment. No. 96— (889) Mentioned by Gen. G. K. Warren, March 8, 1865. (1172, 1 181, 1270) Assignment as above. THE SEVENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Seventh Alabama infantry regiment was organized at Pensacola, in June, 1861, its field officers being: Sterling A. M. Wood, colonel; JohnG. Coltart, lieutenant- colonel; Alfred A. Russell, afterward distmguished as 1' 78 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. colonel of the Fourth Alabama cavalry, major. The reg-^ iment was engaged at the bombardment of Pensacola, October 9, 1S61, and immediately afterward was ordered to East Tennessee. It enlisted for one year, and its time expired a short period prior to the battle of Shiloh. Col- onel Wood had been made brigadier-general ; Coltart, its lieutenant-colonel, had become colonel of the Twenty-sixth regiment (afterward denominated the Fiftieth), and Russell, the major, became colonel of the Fourth Alabama cavalry. Two of the companies of the Seventh, commanded by Jesse J. Cox and T. G. Jenkins, were cavalry. They retained their organization, fought at the battle of Shiloh and afterward formed part of the Fifty-third cavalry. The other officers and men, with rare exceptions, joined other commands, or raised and organized other troops, of which they were made officers. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. I— (469, 470) "Seventh regiment near Pensacola,'' August 8, 1 86 1. Letter of Col. S. A. M. Wood. Vol. IV — (247, 248) "Regiment under command of Lieu- tenant-Colonel Coltart." Letter of Colonel Wood, November 17, 1861, at Chattanooga. ; Vol. VI — (460) Three companies of Seventh were as- \ ■. signed to the Second battalion, commanded by Col. J. Pat- i ! ton Anderson, Pensacola, October 23, i86i. {777, 779) Referred to by General Bragg as having been transferred i to East Tennessee, December 10, 1861. I Vol. VII— (6S9) Letter of Colonel Wood, Chattanooga, November 21, 1861. (713) Mentioned by Col. D. Lead- better. (751) Mentioned by Gen. W. H. Carroll, Knox- ville, December 9th, (762) Gen. A. S. Johnston writes he has ordered the Seventh from Chattanooga to Bowling Green, December 13th. (852) In Third brigade, General Wood; First division, army of Kentucky, General Hardee; January 31, 1S62. (904) Colonel Coltart in command of regiment, February 23d. Vol. X — (3S3) In Wood's brigade, Third corps, army of the Mississippi, April 6-7, 1862. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 7& Vol. XVI, Part i— (960) Mentioned in Col. John T. Wilder's (Seventeenth Indiana infantr}') report, siege of Munfordville, Ky., September 14-17, 1862. THE EIGHTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Eighth Alabama infantry regiment deserves special mention. It was the first Confederate regiment to be en- listed for the war. Its first service was at Yorktown. It fought in the battle of Williamsburg, May 5th, and at Fair Oaks, May 31 and June i, 1862, in both of which engagements it took an important part and its losses were very severe. It was then transferred to the brigade of Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox and was greatly distinguished at Mechanicsville, June 26th. Two days later it was promi- nent in the assault upon the enemy at Gaines' Mill and on June 30th was again in the midst of the conflict at Frayser's Farm. It was present, though not severely engaged, at Manassas and Harper's Ferry, and was in the thickest of the fight at Antietam, September 17th. It fought with its usual bravery at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863; the Wilder- ness, Mays, 6, and 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, May 8th to iSth; Salem Church, Cold Harbor, June i to 1 2, 1 864. It formed a portion of the troops engaged at the Weldon railroad, June 22 and 23, 1864; was distinguished at the capture of the Crater, July 30th, and was also warmly engaged in the battle on the plank road below Petersburg. Upon its organization, its colonel was John A.Winston, who was succeeded by Young L. Royston, and he by Hilary A. Herbert, who commanded in many hard-fought battles, being severely wounded at Sharpsburg and the Wilderness. Colonel Herbert has since achieved emi- nence at the bar of Alabama and in legislative halls, Iiav- ing served 16 years in the Congress of the United States, and as secretary of the navy under Cleveland's second administration. Other field officers were Lieutenant-Col- onel Frazier, Thomas E. Irby, killed at the Wilderness, John P. Emrich, wounded at Petersburg and at Gaines' 80 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Mill, and Duke Nail, who was mortally wounded at the Wilderness. This regiment was fortunate in that its roll of honor found in the War Records is more complete than that of any other of the Alabama troops; and in the extracts below are the names of those conspicuous for braverj' and courage, many of whom are still living, though the roll of immortal heroes is a long one. Capts. L. F. Sum- mers and P. Loughry, and Lieut. Joshua Kennedy were killed at Seven Pines; Capt. Thomas Phelan, Lieuts. C. M. Maynard, Lane, Augustus Jansen, at Gaines' Mill and Frayser's Farm, and Capt. R. A. McCrary at Chancellors- ville. Lieut. John D. McLaughlin died of wounds re- ceived in the battles before Richmond. EXTRACTS FROM THE OFFICIAL RECORDS. Vol. IV — (668,669) In general orders, No. 89, October 3, 1 86 1, assigned to Fifth brigade, army of the Peninsula, Colonel Winston commanding post at Yorktown. Vol. IX — (37) Assigned to Second division, Gen. Lafay- ette McLaws commanding; General Magruder's depart- ment, January 31, 1862. Vol. XI, Part I— (267) E. J. Allen, March 29, 1862, re- ports "Eiglith Alabama, 1,000 strong." (5S6) Mentioned in Gen. George E. Pickett's report "of battle of Williams- burg, Va., May 5, 1862. (588,589) Roger A. Pryor's report of battle of Williamsburg, says: "The gallant and la- mented Col. Thomas E. Irby', with 4 companies of the Eighth Alabama, reported to me for dutv. " (822) Men- tioned in Gen. Daniel E. Sickles' report of battle of Seven Pines. (987,988) Mentujned in Gen. CM. Wilcox's report of same battle. (1076) Capts. Leonard F. Sum- mers and P. Loughry, and Lieut. Joshua Kennedy killed at Seven Pines. Vol. XI, Part 2— (486, 503, 508) Wilcox's brigade, Long- street's division, Jackson's corps, engagements around Richmond. Loss, 5 i killed and 181 wounded. (508) June 30th, I reported killed. (771-775) Mentioned in Gen. C. M. Wilcox's report of Gaines' Mill and Fravser's Farm. Capt. Thomas Phelan. Lieuts. C. M. Maynard, W. H. Lane and Augustus Jansen, killed. Captain Hannon, CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 81 Lieuts. M. Hugh and McGrath, severely wounded. (775) General Wilcox's report of battle of June 29th. Lieu- tenant-Colonel Royston sustained a severe wound. Surgeon Royston commended. (776-779) General Wil- cox's report of battle of June 30th. (980) 31 killed, 132 wounded (10 mortally), battle of Gaines' Mill; 16 killed, 57 wounded at Glendale. (985) Lieut. John D. McLaugh- lin died of wounds received June 30th. (993) Roll of honor, battle of Williamsburg: Private William H. Duke*, Company A; Private J. R. Philips, Company C; Corp. William H. Powell*, Company D ; Private James Ganavan, Company L No selections from other companies. Battle of Seven Pines: Sergt. Frank Williams*, Companv A; Private W. A. Hall, Company B; Private J. B. Ta'llen, Company C; Corp. Eli Shortridge*, Company D; Private John H. Deaton, Company E ; Private Geo. W. Lee, Com- pany F ; Private Charles Hippler, Jr. *, Company G ; Private John Caney, Company I ; Private J. D. Garrison*, Company K. Battle of Gaines' Mill: Corp. Samuel L. Cochran*, Company A ; Private R. T. Bush, Company B ; Private John G. Shields, Companv C ; Private W. E. Donoho*, Com- pany D; Sergt. J. B. Milner, Company F; Third Sergt. C. F. Walker, Company G ; Sergt. W. H. McGraw*, Com- pany H; Private Hugh McKewn, Company I; Private John W. Griffin, Company K. Battle of Frayser's Farm: Sergt. Joseph Jackson*, Company A; Corp. H. M. Howard, Company B; Private Robert Geddes, Company C; Private J. P. Wheelan, Company D; Fourth Sergt. G. Schwartz, Company G; Private J. Smith, Company G; Private John Lynch, Company L Vol. XI, Parts — (390) Mentioned in General Magruder's report. (4S2) Col. J. A. Winston, commanding Pryor's brigade, 800 strong. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army on the peninsula about April 30, 1S62. (532) Assignment as above, May 21st. (649) Wilcox's brigade, Longstreet's division, army of Northern Virginia, July 23d. Vol. XII, Part 2 — {547) Assignment as above, August, 1862. (815) Roll of honor, second battle of Manassas: Corp. R. Murphy, Company A ; Private James Jennings, Company I. Vol. XIX, Part i— (804) In Wilcox's brigade, com- manded by Col. Alfred Cumming, army of Northern Vir- ginia, Maryland campaign. (S12) 12 killed and 63 * Killed in action. Ala « ^ 82 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY, wounded, Marj-land campaigfn. (1056) Roll of honor, battle of Sharpsburg, September 17th: Corp. Davis Tucker, Company A ; Private John Curry, Company C ; Sergt. T. S. Ryan, Company E ; Fifth Sergt. James Cas- tello*. Company G ; Private J. Herbert*, Company H ; Pri- vate O. M. Harris*, Company K; Sergt. G. T. L. Robin- son, Company B ; Sergt. C. F. Brown, Company D ; Corp. J. R. Searcy, Company F; Private James Ryan, Com- pany I. Vol. XXI — (539, 610, 1070) In Wilcox's brigade, First corps, I wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg. No. 39 — (790) Assignment as above, Col. Y. L. Roys- ton; Lieut. -Col. H. A. Herbert, Chancellorsville cam- paign. {806, 854) Report of casualties, 7 killed, 45 wounded, at battle of Chancellors\nlle. Capt. Robert A. McCrarj- among the killed. (858-860) Gen. Wilcox's report of the battle of Chancellorsville : "I cannot call to your notice all officers that are deser^'ing of special praise, for the conduct of all was excellent. Colonel Royston, Eighth Alabama, and after his severe wound, Lieutenant- Colonel Herbert, were intelligent, energetic and gallant in commanding, directing, and leading their men. " He also speaks of the lamented Captain McCrary. (1056) Roll of honor, battle of Chancellorsville, May 1-4, 1863: Private Allen Boiling, Company A ; Private J. N. Howard, Company B; Sergt. Robert Gaddes, Company C; Sergt. P. H. ^L1ys, Company D; Sergt. T. A. Kell}-, Company F; Private Patrick Lear}-, Company I; Private James Rey- nolds (killed), Company K. No. 44 — (28S) In Wilcox's brigade, Anderson's division, Third corps, army of Northern Virginia, at the battle of Gettysburg, July ist to 3d. (332, 343) Casualties, 22 killed, 139 wounded. (620,621) Mentioned in Gen. C. M.Wilcox's report. (775) Roll of honor, battle of Gettysburg: Sergts. Edmund Clark, Company A; Robert Gaddes, Company C; L. L. McCurdy, Company D; James R. Strickland, Company E; C. P. Ragsdale (color-bearer), Company F; Privates Z. Haynes, Company B; C. G. Bush, Company G; J. Sprowl, Company H; Michael Duff, Company I; Michael Kane, Company I. No. 45 — (1061) Assignment as above, July 31, 1863, Col. Y. L. Royston commanding. * Killed in action. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 83 j^o. 48 — (400, 412, 819) Assignment as above ; casualties, I killed, 6 wounded, October 10-21. 1863. jjo. 49 — {685, 900) Assignment as above to December, 1863. jjo. 60 — (1145) Commended by Gen. R. E. Lee in gen- eral orders, No. 14, February 3, 1864. No. 67 — (1025) In Perrin's brigade, Third corps, army of Northern Virginia, May, 1S64. No. 80 — (754) Sergt. John H. Deaton, Company E, cap- tured colors of two Michigan regiments at Petersburg, Va., July 30th. (810) Roll of honor, battles near Peters- burg: Sergt. John H. Deaton, Company E. No. 89 — (1190) In Sanders' brigade, Mahone's division. General Lee's army, October 31, 1864, Maj. John P. Em- rich in command of regiment. (1239, 1367) Assignment as above to December 31st. No. 95 — (1273) Forney's brigade, Mahone's division, Appomattox campaign. No. 96 — (1174, 1272) Same assignment, Col. J. L. Roys- ton in command of regiment, January 31, 1865. Lieut.- Col. J. P. Emrich commanding regiment, February 28, 1865. THE NINTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Ninth Alabama infantry, organized at Richmond in May, 1861, enjoyed the distinction of having a joint resolution of thanks given it by the Confederate Congress in February, 1864. It was engaged in the siege of York- town, April 5 and May 2, 1862; at Williamsburg, May 5th, and at Seven Pines, May 31st and June ist. This regiment won imperishable renown at Gaines' Mill and Frayser's Farm, was under fire at Second Manassas, and assisted at the capture of Harper's Ferry, September 12 to 15, 1862. It was also engaged at Chancellorsville and Salem, May 1-3, 1863, and suffered very heavy loss at Gettysburg. It was in the battle of the Wilderness, May 5-7, 1864, Cold Harbor, June ist to 12th, and fought in the trenches at Petersburg for nearly 9 months. Among its field officers were Cadmus M. Wilcox, afterward a VL-ry distinguished major-general; E. A. O'Neal, after- ward brigadier-general, and since that time governor of 84 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Alabama; Col. Samuel Henry, Col. J. Horace King, Lieut. -Col. Gaines C. Smith, Majs. H. J. Williams and J. M. Crowe. Among the officers killed were Capts. Thomas H. Hobbs and E. Y. Hill, at Gaines' Mill; Cap- tain Gillis, at Williamsburg; W. C. Murphy at Salem; J. W. Wilson and John Y. Rayburn, at Sharpsburg. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. II — (480) Wilcox's brigade, army of the Potomac (Special orders, July 20, 186 1). Vol V — (1029) Same assignment, Potomac district, General Beauregard commanding, January 14, 1862, at this time at Centreville, Va. Vol. XI, Part I — (569) Casualties, 10 killed, 45 wounded, near Williamsburg, May 5, 1862. (570, 571) Gen. J. E. B. Stuart reports: "Captain Farley, who was in the entire fight, speaks in the highest terms of the heroic courage and fighting tact of the Ninth Alabama. " (577, 578) Mentioned in report of Gen. A. P. Hill: Colonel Williams, with one or two companies of the Ninth Alabama, cap- tured a battery of 8 guns. (590-593) General Wilcox's report says: "Among those that call for special notice are Capts. Warren Smith, Gillis and King. The com- panies of the first two were the first to enter the captured batter>'. Captain Gillis, greatly distinguished for cour- age, displayed an example of coolness set to his men. He was mortally wounded. Captain Murphy of the Ninth, conspicuous for pertinacity and courage, was painfully wounded in the arm. He remained on the field and com- manded his company until shot through the body and borne from the field." (594, 595) Col. Sam. Henn,-'s re- port: "The charge was made with a zeal and determina- tion that would have done honor to tried veterans — not a man faltering. ... In conclusion, you will permit me to assure you of the coolness and gallantry' of both officers and men during the entire day." The regiment took during the day 70 prisoners. (596, 599, 822) Mentioned in reports of Col, J. J. Woodward, Col. L. Q. C. Lamar, Gen. D. E. Sickles, U. S. A. (986-988) Alentioned in report of General Wilcox, Seven Pines, May 31, 1862. Vol. XI, Part 2— (486, 503) Wilcox's brigade. Long- street's division, Magruder"s corps. Medical director reports 66 killed, 109 wounded, June 26th to July i, 1S62. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 85 (770-775) Report of General Wilcox, Gaines' Mill, June 27th: " Capt. E. Y. Hill killed, far in advance, in field. Capt. T. H. Hobbs dangerously wounded. . . . Lieuten- ant Wayland, quartermaster, severely wounded. The latter officer's duties did not require his presence in battle, but he served with his company with great coolness and courage. He served in like manner at Seven Pines." (777-779) General Wilcox's report of battle of Frayser's Farm, June 30th: "Captain King, commanding the Ninth Alabama, is deserving of especial praise for his coolness and bravery ; he also received a severe wound in the leg. ... Of the medical corps, Surgeon H. A. Minor of the Ninth Alabama (and others), have given abundant evi- dence of their skill and untiring industry and zeal." (980) Casualties, 34 killed and 96 wounded, Gaines' Mill; 31 killed and 95 wounded at Glendale. (985) Capts. E. Y. Hill killed, and Thomas H. Hobbe died of wounds received, June 27th. Vol. XI, Part 3— (481) In General Wilcox's brigade, Johnston's army, about April 30, 1862, 550 strong. (649) General Wilcox's brigade with Stonewall Jackson, July 23, 1862. Col. Samuel Henry commanding regiment. Vol. XII, Part 2 — (547) Assignment as above during battles of campaign in Northern Virginia, August 28th to September ist. Vol. XIX, Part i— (804) Wilcox's brigade, Longstreet's corps, Maryland campaign. (Si 2) iledical director re- ports 12 killed and 42 wounded, Maryland campaign. Vol. XXI — (539, 1070) Same assignment, Col. Samuel Henry in command, December 20, 1862. No. 39 — (790) Same assignment, Chancellorsville cam- paign. Maj. J. H. J. Williams commanding regiment. (806, 854) Casualties at battle of Chanceliorsville, 23 killed and 89 wounded. (85S-S61) Report of General Wilcox: "The Ninth Alabama in rear of this regiment sprang forward as one man, and with the rapidity of lightning restored the continuity of our line, breaking the lines of the enemy with its deadly fire and forcing him to give way, and following him so that he could not rally. . . . Capt, W. C. Murphy, Ninth Alabama, highly distinguished at the battle of Williamsburg, where he received two severe wounds. He fell at Salem Church in the thickest of tlio fi-ht and in advance of his men." He speaks highly' of Maj. J. H. J. Williams, 86 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Capts. J. H. Kincf and M. G. May, who were distin- guished, having with their companies captured 13 officers and 236 men. He continues: "I cannot close this report without calling to your especial notice the conduct of one entire regiment of this brigade, the Ninth Alabama. . . . I also beg leave to commend to your favorable notice Pri- vate J. \V. Brundridge of the Ninth Alabama." No. 44— (30) Mentioned by Gen. Dan Tyler, U. S. A., Mar>-land Heights, June 25, 1863. (288) Wilcox's bri- gade, Anderson's division. Third corps, Gen. A. P. Hill, army of Northern Virginia, Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863. {.2,1'^, 343) Casualties at battle of Gettysburg, 3 killed, 55 wounded. {619-621) Report of General Wilcox: "Capt. G. C. Smith, severe wound through the body (entitled to promotion to lieutenant-colonel). Capt. J. H. King (en- titled to promotion to colonel) had a finger shot off. Private Bnmdridge severely wounded. " He gives special praise to Captain King and Captain May on second day. No. 45 — (1061) Assignment as above, July 31, 1863, Maj. J. H. J. Williams in command of regiment. No. 48 — (400, 819) Assignment as above. Col. J. H. King in command of regiment, October 31, 1863. No. 49— (685, 900) Assignment as above, December, 1863. No. 60 — (1152) Mentioned by General Lee as having re-enlisted, February 10, 1864, Orange Court House, (i 182) Joint resolution of thanks to the Ninth Alabama regiment: "Resolved by the Congress of the Confederate States of America, That Congress hails with delight the manifestations evinced by the brave and gallant officers and privates of the Ninth regiment, Alabama volunteers, who have stood under the fire of the enemy for nearly 3 years, never to yield to Xnrthern oppression, and for this act of partiotism and exalted self-sacrifice, in re-enlisting for the war, the thanks of Congress and the country are eminently due them. That the example of those brave men who have endured the dangers and perils of the war since its commencement is a happy omen for the future, and should encourage Congress and the country to rest with an abiding hope and confidence in the success of our arms and the final triumph of liberty, under the lead of those brave and unconquerable spirits. Approved Feb- ruary 16, 1S64." No. 67 — (966, 976, 1025) Perrin's brigade, Lee's army. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 87 May, 1864. Mentioned in reports of battles of the Wil- derness. No. 80 — (754) General Mahone, July 30, 1864, reports battleflag captured. (810) Roll of honor, battles near Petersburg, Va., July 30th: Private John M. Critcher, Company K. No. 88— (684) Mentioned by Capt. J. McEntee, U. S. A. (11 75, 1 1 83) Mentioned in correspondence of General Lee and secretary of war, Augrist, 1S64. (12 17) Sanders' brigade, Third corps, army of Northern Virginia, August 31, 1864; Col. J. Plorace King commanding regiment. No. 89 — (1190) Same assignment, October 31, 1S64, Capt. Archer Hayes commanding regiment. (1239) Col- onel King commanding regiment. (1367) Assignment as above, December 31st. No. 95 — (1273) Forney's brigade, Lee's army, February 28, 1865. Maj. James M. Crowe commanding regiment. No. 96 — (11 74, 1272) Assignment as above, January 31, 1865, Col. Horace King commanding regiment. THE TENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Tenth Alabama infantrj- was organized at Mont- gomery, in May, 1861. Throughout its whole career this regiment was singularly distinguished for its dash and courage, and the great losses that it sustained in every battle. It fought at Dranesville, December 20, 1861; at the siege of Yorktown, April 5 to May 3, 1862; Williamsburg, May 5th; Seven Pines, May 31st to June ist; Gaines' Mill, June 27th and 28th; at Frayser's Farm, June 30th, and Second Manassas, August 30th. It was engaged in the capture of Harper's Ferry, September 12th to 15th; at Sharpsburg, September 17th; at Hazel River, August 2 2d. It lost very heavily at Fredericksburg, December 13th; as it did at Salem, May 3, 1863; at Get- tysburg, July ist to 3d, and at Cold Harbor, June i to 12, 1864. Among its distinguished officers were Col. John H. Forney, afterward a major-general, and William H. Forney, afterward a brigadier-general and for many years in the United States C(Migress, both of whom were severely wounded. Col. John J. Woodward, Capts. 88 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. William Lee, Robert W. Cowen and James D. Cunning- ham were killed at Gaines' Mill; Col. James E. Shelley, Capts. George P. Brown and Henry D. Coleman at Peters- burg, and Capt. Walter Cook at Salem; Capt. George Whaley at Sharpsburg, and Capt. Richard C. Reagan at Spottsylvania ; Capt. Pickens W. Black, at Cold Harbor; Lieut. -Col. James B. Martin at Dranesville, and Lieut. M. J. T. Harper at Chancellorsville. Among the other field officers were Col. John H. Caldwell, Lieut. -Col. William T. Smith and Majs. James D. Truss, Lewis W. Johnston and Paul Bradford. Lieut. -Col. Arthur S. Cunningham, of the regular Confederate army, was in temporary command of the regiment in 1863. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. II — (974) Jefferson Davis in letter July 10, 1861, to Gen. Jos. E. Johnston, mentions Colonel Forney's regi- ment. Vol. V— (475) General McCall (Union) says: "Tenth regiment, Forney, 900 strong at Dranesville." (480) Mentioned by General Ord (Union). (490-493) Gen. J. E. B. Stuart in his report of the battle of Dranesville, De- cember 20, 1 86 1, says: "The Tenth Alabama rushed with a shout, in a sliower of bullets, under the gallant lead of Colonel Forney and Lieutenant-Colonel Martin, the latter falling in the charge. A part of this regiment took posi- tion along a fence from which the enemy felt the trueness of their aim at short range. The colonel was here se- verely wounded and the command devolved on Major Woodward. ... I cannot speak in too high terms of Col- onel Forney, that gallant son of Alabama whose conspic- uous bravery, leading his men in a galling fire, was the admiration of all ; nor of his Lieutenant-Colonel Martin, who, with the battlecry of 'Forward!' on his lips, fell, bravely encouraging his men. Nor can I do more than simple justice to the officers and men of that regiment who seemed determined to follow their colonel wherever he would lead." (494) General Stuart reports 15 killed and 45 wounded at Dranesville. (1029) In Wilcox's bri- gade. Potomac district, General Beauregard commanding, January- 14, 1862. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 89 Vol. IX— (379) General McClellan informs General Burnside, April 16, 1S62, that this regiment with others lb K<^ing to North Carolina. Vol. XI, Part I— (589-593) Under Col. J. J. Woodward at Williamsburg, May 5, 1862. Highly commended by General Wilcox in his report. He says: "The Tenth Alabama pressed on vigorously. Its major, W. H. For- ney, was stricken down with a painful wound while lead- ing'the regiment, displaying both coolness and skill. " Colonel Woodward, Major Forney and Lieutenant Shel- ley specially noticed. (594,595) Highly commended in the report of Col. Sam Henry, Ninth Alabama. (596,597) Colonel Woodward's report of same battle. (986,987) Mentioned in General Wilcox's report of the battle of Seven Pines. Vol. XI, Part 2— (425) Report of Col. James Kirk (Union) of battle of Frayser's Farm says: "Tenth Ala- bama was almost totally annihilated." (486) Wilcox's brigade, Longstreet's division, engagements around Rich- mond. (503) Medical director reports 38 killed, 198 wounded, in the fights before Richmond, June 26th to July I, 1862. (771-775) General Wilcox's report of Gaines' Mill mentions "Colonel Woodward shot through the head while leading his regiment, closely and heroically confronting the enemy in his stronghold. " After the fall of Colonel Woodward", the command devolved upon Maj, J. H. Caldwell; Capt. W. M. Lee mortally wounded. Lieut. J. E. Shelley, adjutant, severely wounded. (777- 779) General Wilcox's report of Frayser's Farm says: "^L-ljor Caldwell wounded by a piece of shell striking him over the eye." Commends Surgeon Taylor. (9S5) Lieut. James D. Cunningham killed June 30th. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (114) Near Yorktown, Va., April 20, 1862. (481) In General Wilcox's brigade at Williams- tiurg, 550 strong. (532) Wilcox's brigade, Smith's divi- sion, Johnston's army, near Richmond, May 21st. (649) General Longstreet's division, July 23d. Vol. XII, Part 2— (547) Assignment as above, August J8th to September ist. Vol. XIX, Part i — (804) Assignment as above, Mary- land campaign. (812) Medical director reports 10 killed and 53 wounded, Marvland campaign. \\A. XXI— (539, 1070) First corps, army of Northern 90 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. DSm&r ^ite "^^^ Forney in command of regiment, No 39— (So6) Medical director reports 12 killed and 61 wounded at battle of Chancellorsville, May i-c 186^ S^t\f T^*'',;''^^"' '7 killed and 55 wounded (856- 860) Mentioned by General Wilcox in report of Chancel- ^Z'l^ f nipaign: "Lieut. L. J. T. Harper fell fighting with the heroism of a veteran soldier. ' ' Notices particu larly Col. Wm. H. Forney. F- was organized at CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 91 Lynchburg, Va., in 1861. It was distinguished at Seven Pines, May 31 to June i, 1862, and at Frayser's Farm, June '30th, where it charged with bayonets across an open field. It was at Second Manassas, August 30, 1862; Harper's Ferr>', Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, and Salem, May 3, 1863; Gettysburg, July i to 3, 1863; The Wilder- ness, May 5 to 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, May 8th-i8th; the Crater, July 30th; Burgess' Farm, October 27th; and in numerous battles around Petersburg, June, 1S64, to the surrender at Appomattox. Among the killed in the bat- tles of this regiment were the distinguished Col. Sydenham Moore, at Seven Pines; Lieut. -Col. Stephen H. Hale and Lieut. W. C. Faith, at Gaines' Mill; Capts. James H. McMath, Thomas H. Holcombe, Stephen E. Bell, W.C.Y. Parker, Wm. M. Bratton, and Lieuts. A. B. Cohen, T. J. Michie, and A. N. Steele, all at Frayser's Farm; Captains Cadell and Brazleton and Adjt. R. Y. Ashe at Pe- tersburg; Captain James at Cold Harbor; and Captain Harris at the Crater. Among the other field officers were Cols. John C. C. Sanders and George E. Tayloe, Maj. Archibald Gracie, Jr., after^vard brigadier-general, killed; and Majs. Richard T. Fletcher and George Fields. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. v.— (1029) Wilcox's brigade, Gen. G. W. Smith's division, Potomac district. General Beauregard command- ing, Januan,-, 1S62. V(.>1. XI, Part I— (407) Mentioned in report of General Magruderi Yorktown, April 5 to May 3, 1S62. (5S0) Referred to in report of Col. M. D. Corse, Seven Pines. (591) Referred to in General Wilcox's report, Wilhams- burg {941) Colonel Moore mentioned in General Long- street's report of Seven Pines. (9S6-988) General Wil- cox's report of battle of Seven Pines says: "The leading regiment, the Eleventh Alabama, Col. Sydenham Moore, ot my brigade, was ordered to the front. . . . Colonel Moore with two companies dislodged the enemy, receiving two wounds, one of which proved mortal. . . . His loss is scarcely reparable. Lieut. Walter E. Winn, adjutant ot 92 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. the Eleventh Alabama, was much distinguished for his zeal and courage. . . . Lieut. -Col. S. F. Hale of the Eleventh Alabama, though commanding the Ninth Ala- bama, was conspicuous for the skill with which he man- aged his regiment. Captains Tayloe and Holcombe were wounded in the first day's fight, the former seriously." Vol. XI, Part 2— (486', 503) In Wilcox's brigade, Long- street's division. Seven Days' battles. Casualties, 76 killed and 240 wounded. (773-779) General Wilcox, in his report of Gaines' Mill and Frayser's Farm, mentions Lieut. -Col. S. F. Hale as seriously, perhaps mortally, wounded; Lieut. W. C. Faith, killed; speaks most highly of Assistant-Surgeon Saunders and Lieut. Walter E.Winn, and gives a most graphic account of the glorious part taken by the regiment on June 30th, referring to Capts. J. H. McMath, S. E. Bell, T. H. Holcombe, W. M. Brat- ton and Lieut. A. B. Cohen, commanding companies; Lieuts. A. N. Steele and Michie mortallv wounded; Capts. J. C. C. Sanders and W. C. Y. Parker severely wounded, also Lieuts. J. H. Prince and R. H. Gordon. (980) Casualties, 27 killed, 130 wounded, battle of Gaines' Mill; 49 killed, 121 wounded, at Glendale. (9S5) Lieu- tenant Faith killed June 27th; Capts. Stephen A. Bell, Thomas H. Holcombe and James McMath, Lieuts. W. M. Bratton and A. B. Cohen killed June 30th. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (4S1, 532, 649) In Wilcox's brigade at Williamsburg, 656 strong. Same assignment to July 23, 1863. Vol. XII, Part 2 — (547) Same assignment, August 28 to September i, 1S62. Vol. XIX, Part i— (804, 812) Assignment as above, Maryland campaign. Casualties, 3 killed and 26 wounded. Vol. XXI — (539, 559, 610) Assignment as above, battle of Fredericksburg. Casualties, 3 killed and 5 wounded. (612) Referred to in General Wilcox's report of the bat- tle of Fredericksburg. (1070) Col. J. C. C. Sanders in command of regiment. No. 39 — (790) Wilcox's brigade, Anderson's division, First corps, army of Northern Virginia, Chancellorsville campaign. (806) Casualties, 15 killed and 76 wounded at Chancellorsville; Lieut. O. L. Strudwick killed. (85S-861) General Wilcox's report of battle speaks highly of Colonel Sanders and favorably commends Private J. C. J. Ridge- way. Reports Federal tlag taken by regiment. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 93 No. 44— (288) At the battle of Gettysburg, regiment in Wilcox's brigade, Anderson's division, Third corps. Col- onel Sanders and Lieut. -Col. Geo. E. Tayloe in command. (332, 343) Casualties, 6 killed and 69 wounded, Gettys- burg. (617-621) General Wilcox's report of Gettysburg says Colonel Sanders and ]Major Fletcher were severely wounded, and 17 men. Private Ridgeway (one of his couriers) was killed. Commends Lieutenant-Colonel Tayloe. No. 45 — (1061) No. 48— (400) No. 49 — (685, 900) As- signment as above to December, 1863. No. 60 — (1145) Noble example of re-enlistment for the war mentioned by General Lee, in general orders, No. 14, February 3, 1864. No. 80 — (754) James N. Keeton, Company G, captor of Federal flag, July 30, 1S64, at Petersburg. (810) Roll of honor, general orders. No. 87, December loth: Private James N. Keeton, Company G. No. 88 — (12 17) Sanders' brigade, Mahone's division. Third corps, Lee's army, August 31, 1864. Lieut.-Col. Geo. E. Tayloe commanding regiment. No. 89 — (1190, 1239, 1367) Assignment as above to December 31, 1864. No. 95 — (1273) Forney's brigade, Mahone's division, Appomattox campaign. Capt. Martin L. Stewart com- manding regiment. No. 96 — (11 74, 1272) Same assignment to February 28, 1865. THE TWELFTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Twelfth Alabama infantry was organized at Rich- mond, July, 1861, formed a part of General Swell's bri- gade, and was afterward under General Rodes. It fought at Yorktown, April 5 to May 3, 1862; Williams- burg, May 5th; Seven Pines, May 31st to June ist, where it made a gallant assault upon the strong position held by Casey's division ; was engaged in the fights before Rich- mond, June 26th to July ist; was distinguished at Boonsboro, September 15 th, and Sharpsburg, September 17th; fought gallantly at Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; Chancellorsville, May ist to 4th; Brandy Station, June 9th; and Gettysburg, July ist to 3d, and formed 94 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. part of the rear guard in retiring from that bloody field. It was also in the engagements at the Wilderness, May 5 to 7, 1864; Spottsylvania, May 8th to iSth; Winchester, July 24th, and in the various battles around Petersburg from June, 1864, to April, 1865. Among the distinguished officers killed were: Col. Robert T. Jones, Capts. R. H. Keeling and C. A. Darwin at Seven Pines; Col. Bristow B. Gayle at Boonsboro; Capts. E. Tucker and D. H. Garrison at Sharpsburg; Henry W. Cox at Chancellorsville ; Davis at Gettysburg ; J. McCassells at the Wilderness; John Rogers at Spottsyl- vania, and A. Majors at Snicker's Gap, August 19, 1864. Among the other field officers of this regiment were : Col. Samuel B. Pickens, Lieut.-Col. Theodore O'Hara, John C. Goodgame, and Edward D. Tracy, afterward killed when brigadier-general; also Majs. Adolph Proskaner and John C. Brown. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. II— (1000) Assigned to Second brigade. Gen. R. S. Ewell, First corps, army of Potomac, special order 169, Manassas Junction, July 25, 1S61. Vol. V— (1029) In Rudes' brigade. Van Dorn's division, Potomac district. General Beauregard commanding, Jan- uary, 1862. Vol. XI— (971-976) General Rodes' report of battle of Seven Pines, May ,31st to June ist, speaks of Col. R. T. Jones of the Twelfth Alabama, killed, as the most accom- plished officer in the brigade. For gallantry he notes Capt. E. Tucker, and gives casualties, 59 killed, 149 wounded. (979) Mentioned in report of Col. J. B. Gor- don, Seven Pines. (981,982) Col. B. B, Gayle, lieuten- ant-colonel commanding at Seven Pines, says that the Twelfth regiment, while advancing, charged directly through the camp of the enemy. The number of men carried into the fight, as near as can be ascertained, 408 ; number killed, 69; number wounded, 156. Thus, more than half carried into battle were killed or wounded. Vol. XI, Part 2— (4S4) Rodes' brigade. Hill's division, Jackson's corps. Seven Days' battles. (505, 975) Medical CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 95 director reports i killed, ii wounded at Gaines' Mill. (555. 57°' ^^'' ^-S) ^lentioned in reports of Stonewall l.ickson. Gen. C. Winder, Gen. Bradley Johnson, Gen. U. H. Hill, Seven Days' battles. (630-633) Mentioned in report of Gen. R. E. Rodes. (634, 638,639) Mentioned in reports of Col. J. B. Gordon and Col. B. B. Gayle. Vol. XI, Part 3— (482, 532, 601, 65i»> 550 strong, Penin- sula campaign. Col. B. B. Gayle commanding regi- ment, July 23, 1862. Vol. XIX, Part i — (261, 302) Mentioned in Federal re- ports of battles of South Mountain and Antietam. (808) Same assignment, Maryland campaign. Col. B. B. Gayle and Lieut. -Col. S. B. Pickens with regiment. (1021-1030) Gen. D. H. Hill, in report of operations July 11 to September 17, 1S62, calls Colonel Gayle a most gal- lant and accomplished officer. (1034-103S) Report of General Rodes, battles of Boonsboro and Sharpsburg. The Twelfth lost heavily. Lieut. -Col. B. B. Gayle was seen to fall, and Lieut. -Col. Samuel B. Pickens was shot through the lungs; the former was left on the field sup- posed to be dead; Pickens was brought off. Vol. XXI — (541, 1073) Rodes' brigade. Second corps, army of Northern Virginia, battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862. Lieut.-Col. S. B. Pickens in com- mand of regiment. No. 39 — (792, 807) Assignment as above, Chancellors- ville campaign. Medical director reports 14 killed and 77 wounded. (944-946) General Rodes calls attention to gallant and meritorious conduct of Colonel Pickens at Chancellorsville. (948, 951, 954, 955, 959, 960) Mentioned in reports of Col. E. A. O'Neal, Col. J. M. Hall and Col. J. N. Lightfoot. (960-964) Report of Colonel Pickens gives 6 killed and 32 wounded, May 2d, and 7 killed and 55 wounded, May 3d. Total loss at Chancellorsville, 14 killed and 87 wounded. (986) Gen. Alfred Iverson in report of Chancellorsville says: "I then communicated with Col. S. B. Pickens, commanding Twelfth Alabama, whose gallantry on this occasion I cannot too highly com- mend, so completely and courageously did he lend him- self to aid me preparing the line to resist an attack." (1053) Roll of honor, Chancellorsville: Capt. H. W. Co.x, Company B, killed in action; Sergt. William Lawless, Company C; Privates Louis Dondero, Company A; K. W. .May, Company B; J. E. Bailey, Company D; C. H. 96 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Hunter, Company E ; P. W. Chappell, Company E ; R. B Mitchell, Company G; W. S. Brown, Company H; H. N Wooten, Company I ; Thomas H. Eady, Company K. No. 44— (2S7) Assignment as above, Gettysburg. (332 342) Reports of casualties. (54S-5S3) Mentioned in report of General Rodes. (563) Officers in command at Gettysburg: Col. S. B. Pickens, Maj. A. Proskaner, Lieut. -Col. J. C. Goodgame in command of the Twenty- sixth Alabama. (592-3) .Mentioned in report of E. A. O'Neal, colonel commanding brigade. (600,601) Col- onel Pickens reports 12 killed and 71 wounded, Gettys- burg. No. 48— (399) Battle's brigade. Second army corps. Colonel Pickens commanding regiment, September 30 1863. (412, 617) Return of casualties, 2 killed, October 10th to 2ist, October 20th to November 8th, i wounded. (818, 83S) Assignment as above, and medical director's report. (892) Report of Major Proskaner of operations on November 27th and 28th, 2 wounded. Mentioned in Lieutenant-Colonel Garvin's report. No. 49— (683, 900) Assignment as above to December. 1863. No. 60— Joint resolution of thanks from Congress to Battle s brigade, February 6, 1864. [See Extracts under Third regiment.] No. 67— (1024) Assignment as above. May, 1864. (ro80 Mentioned in report of Gen. C. A. Battle, May 8 1864 /TT • ■ ^^^rr*"'5> '^lentioned by Gen. G. K. Warren (Union), May 13, 1864. No. 88— (12 1 7) Assignment as above, August 31 1864 ^°;/9-(n94) Battle's brigade, Lee's army, October 31, .1864, Lieut. -Col. John C. Goodgame in command of regiment. (1246, 1364) Assignment as above, Colonel rickens. r^^'^^ ?^~*^^^^-*A ^^^"^c's brigade, with Gen. J. A. Early, Cedar Creek, October 19, 1S64. Capt. R D Ross com- mandmg regiment. (1002, 1013) Assignment as above. (•^t^X^^^t^ ?^?"^^°"<^^ ^^ '■eport of Capt. J. F. Carter Third Maryland, U. S.) of operations, March 25, 1865. ("70) Battle s brigade, in Lee's army. No. 96— (1172, 1181, 1270) Assignment as above to February 28, 1865. /TT^c VT^'''^?^ Mentioned in report of Gen. J. G. Parke yy- S.), March 29, 1865. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 97 THE THIRTEENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirteenth Alabama infantry was organized at Montgomery, July, 1861. It was warmly engaged at Seven Pines, May 31 to June i, 1862, and in the battles around Richmond, June 26 to July i, 1862. It also partici- pated in the Maryland campaign and was engaged in the battles of Boonsboro, September 15th, and Sharpsburg, September 17th, and was present at Fredericksburg De- cember 13th, but owing to its position was not engaged. It was particularly distinguished in the assault upon Hooker at Chancellorsville, May i to 4, 1S63, and was superb in its charge at Gettysburg, where it planted its colors on the crest of the ridge, suffering frightfully in killed and wounded. It also took part in the battles of the Wilderness, and in the numerous engagements around Petersburg, June, 1864, to the surrender at Ap- pomattox in April, 1865. Among its killed were : Capt. John D. Clarke, at Me- chanicsville, June 26, 1862; Adjt. John W. Rentz, at Sharpsburg; Maj. John T. Smith, at Chancellorsville; Adjt. L. P. Broughton, at the Wilderness; Capt. R. M. Cook, at Second Cold Harbor; Lieut. David R. Staggers, near Bristoe Station. Among the other field officers were : Birkett D. Frj', afterward distinguished as a brig- adier-general; Col. James Aiken, Lieut. -Cols. Julius C. Mitchell, Samuel B. Marks, Reginald H. Dawson, William H. Belts and Maj. John D. Smith. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. II — (1000) Mentioned as belonging to General Ewell's brigade. (Evidently an error ; Twelfth was meant. ) Vol. IV — (668) Under general orders. No. 89, Yorktown, October 3, 1861, assigned with Eighth Alabama to Fifth brigade under Colonel Winston. (669) Assigned to York- town, Colonel Winston commanding post. Vol, IX — (37) First division. Gen. G. J.. Rains, depart- ment of the Peninsula, January 31, 1S62. Vol. XI, Part 2— (4S5") With' Culquitfs brigade. Hill's 98 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. division, Stonewall Jackson's corps, during engagements around Richmond, June 26 to July i, 1862. (505) Medical director reports 14 killed and 70 wounded in Seven Days' battles. His report gives assignment to Semmes' brigade, McLaws' division. (625) Referred to as in Colquitt's brigade in report of Gen. D. H. Hill. (976) Return of casualties, 4 killed and 40 wounded at Gaines' Mill; 10 killed and 47 wounded at Malvern Hill. Vol. XI, Part 3— (482) 474 strong '"within the post at Yorktown." (533) Rains' brigade, Fourth division. May 21, 1862. (650) Colquitt's brigade, Stonewall Jackson's army, July 23, 1862. Col. B. D. Fry in command of regiment. Vol. XIX, Part i — (809) Assignment as above during Marjiand campaign. (1020, 1027) Report of D. H. Hill, Maryland campaign : "Colonel Fry, who had been wounded at Seven Pines, was once more wounded severely at Sharps- burg, while nobly doing his duty." Also mentions W. D. Tingle, (1054) Colonel Fry mentioned in Col. Colquitt's report. Vol. XXI— (541, 1073) Colquitt's brigade, Second corps, at battle of Fredericksburg. (1099) Transferred from Col- quitt's brigade to Archer's brigade, January 19, 1863. No. 39 — (791) Archer's brigade, McLaws' division, Sec- ond corps, army of Northern Virginia, Chancellorsville campaign. (807) Medical director" reports 13 killed, 127 wounded at Chancellorsville. (926) Return of casualties at 15 killed, 107 wounded. Among the killed were Maj. John T. Smith and Lieut. John J. Pendergrass. (927) Colonel Fry says : " I am gratified to be able to report that my commissioned officers, without exception, dis- played zeal and courage ; none more than the gallant Maj. John T. Smith, whose death is deeply lamented by the regiment." No. 44— (289) Archer's brigade, Heth's division, Third corps, at the battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863. (333, 337. 344) Medical director's report gives 6 killed and 36 wounded; 3 wounded enroute from Pennsylvania. (647, 648) Referred to in report of Colonel Shepard, Gettysburg campaign. No. 48 — (400) Assignment as above, September 30, 1863. (413) Medical director reports 2 killed and 4 wounded, October iotht0 2ist. (434) Lieut. David R. Staggers killed near Bristoe Station, October 14th. (819) Assignment as above, October 31st. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 99 No. 49 — (68s, 901) Assignment as above to December 31, '863. N0.67 — (1025) Assignment as above, May, 1864, Rapidan to the James. No. 88 — (1218) Assignment as above. Lieut.-Col. James Aiken commanding regiment. (1273,1274) Inspection report gives regiment in Fry's brigade, September 23, 1864. (1309) Archer's and Walker's brigades, commanded by General Archer, Heth's division, September 30th. No. 89 — (1189, 1240) Archer's brigade (consolidated under command of Col. R. M. Mayo), Lee's army, October and November, 1864. Xo. 95 — (1273) Forney's brigade, Mahone's division, Third army corps, Appomattox campaign, April, 1865, Capt. Samuel Sellers in command of regiment. No. 96 — (1025) Regiment transferred from Archer's brigade, Heth's division. Third corps, to Sanders' brigade, Mahone's division, same corps. Special order No. 8, January- 9, 1865. (1174) Col. James Aiken in command of regiment. (1272) Forney's brigade, February 2Sth. No. 97 — (1279) Forney's brigade at Hancock's, April 2, 1865. THE FOURTEENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fourteenth Alabama infantry was organized at Auburn, 1861 ; remained in camp at Huntsville till October, when it was ordered to Virginia. It fought with distinc- tion at Williamsburg, Mays, 1862; Seven Pines, May 31st to June ist, and Mechanicsville, June 26th; made desper- ate charges at Frayser's Farm. June 30th, and Malvern Hill, July I St, its losses of killed and wounded being very hea\-y. It served with distinction at Sharpsburg, Sep- tember 17th; Salem, May 3, 1863, and Gettysburg, July ist to 3d ; the Wilderness May 5 to 7, 1864 ; Spottsylvania, May 8th to i8th, and in the many fights around Petersburg from June, 1864, to Appomattox, in April, 1865. Among its distinguished killed in battle were : Capt. John Bell, killed at Mechanicsville; Lieut.-Col. David W. Raine, Capt. James S. Williamson, Lieuts. James E. M.iyes, Nat M. Smith and C. H. Snead, at Frayser's Farm; 100 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Capt. J. Y. Wallace, at Matapony, August 6, 1S62; Maj. Owen K. McLemore, at South Mountain, September 14, 1862; Maj. R. A. McCord, Lieuts. H. xM. Cox and M. L. Bankston, at Chancellorsville ; Capts. C. H. Lambeth and E. Folk, at Petersburg. Among the other field officers were: Col. Thomas J. Judge, afterward on the supreme bench of Alabama, and Cols. Lucius Pinckard and Alfred C. Wood; Lieut. -Col. James A. Brown, and Majs. George W. Taylor and Mickle- berry P. Terrell. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. IV— (416) Commanded by Col. Thomas J. Judge; brigaded with other Alabama regiments under Gen. L. P. Walker, September, 1861. Vol. V— (938) Assigned to the Potomac district, special orders, No. 206, November 5, 1861. (954) Left Richmond November 14th for Fredericksburg and Manassas. (1012) Mentioned by Gen. S. D. French in report from Evans- port, December 30th. (1013) Mentioned in General Holmes' letter from Brooks' Station, December 31st. (1018) Spoken of again by same, January 2, 1862. (1020) Ordered by secretary of war, January 5, 1862, to Rich- mond, "to regain their strength after going through the usual camp diseases." (1035) F. H. Holmes writes: "The regiment has suffered greatly from measles." Vol. IX — (379) Mentioned by General McClellan. Vol. XI, Part I— (309) Mentioned in Gen. Winfield S. Hancock's report of reconnoissance toward Yorktown, April 7, 1S62. (404) Mentioned in Gen. John B. Magrud- er's report of the siege of Yorktown. (583) ^ilentioned in Col. M. Jenkins' report of the battle of Williamsburg. Vol. XI, Part 2 — (4S6) In Pryor's brigade, Longstreet's division, Magruder's corps, engagements around Rich- mond. (503, 9S0) Casualties, 70 killed and 253 wounded in the fights before Richmond, June 26toJuly i, 1S62. (781) Gen. Roger A. Pryor, writing of his brigade at Frayser's Farm: " The Fourteenth Alabama bore" the brunt of the struggle and was nearly annihilated." (985) Lieut.-Col. D. W. Baine, Capt. James S. Williamson, Lieuts. James E. Mavcs, Nat M. Smith and C. 11. Sncad killed T'^me soth; Capt JohnT. Bell, killed June ;7th; Lieuts. J.'T. Green- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 101 wood and D. V. Hines died of wounds received June »7th. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (114, 340, 393, 404) Mentioned by Gen. G. B. McClellan, Gen. M. C. Meigs and Gen. W. H. Tay- lor. (482) 700 strong, Johnston's army in the peninsula, about April 30, 1862. {532, 649) In Pryor's brigade, Long- street's division, Johnston's army near Richmond, May i\ to July 23, 1862. Vol. XII, Part 2 — (547) Pryor's brigade, Wilcox's di- vision, army of Northern Virginia, during the battles of August 28 to September i, 1862. (561) Medical director reports 3 killed and 44 wounded at Manassas Plains, Au- gust 30th. (601) Mentioned in Gen. Roger A. Pryor's re- port of same battle. Vol. XIX, Part i — (804, 812) In Pryor's brigade, Ander- son's division, Maryland campaign. Losses, 2 killed and 43 wounded. Vol. XIX, Part 2 — (712) Ordered to be assigned to an Alabama brigade, November 10, 1862. Vol. XXI— (539, 1070) Transferred November 10, 1S62, to Wilcox's brigade, Anderson's division. First corps, army of Northern Virginia; Lieut. -Col. L. Pinckard in command of regiment December 20th. No. 39 — (790, 806) Assignment as above, Chancellors- ville campaign. Casualties, 7 killed and 116 wounded at battle of Chancellorsville, May ist to 4th. (85 3) Referred to in letter of Gen. Thomas S. Mills, May iS, 1863. (S54) Casualties given as 10 killed and 107 wounded at Chancel- lorsville. Among the killed are Lieuts. H. M. Cox and M. L. Bankston. (858) Gen. C. M. Wilcox's report of same battle says: "Lieuts. Bankston and Cox fell fight- ing with the heroism of veteran soldiers, against greatly superior forces of the enemy. Colonel Pinckard was severely wounded." No. 44 — (288) Wilcox's brigade, Anderson's division, army of Northern Virginia, battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, '^''3- {.IZ'^, 343) Medical director reports 7 killed and •»«_ wounded, Gettysburg. (620) Mentioned in General Wilcox's report. No. 48 — (400, 819) In Sanders' brigade, Anderson's di- vision, Third corps. General Lee's army. Col. L. Pinckard conimanding regiment. Xo 49 — (685, 900) Assignment as above, to December 3>, 1863. 102 COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 60 — (11 73) Re-enlisted for the war, as announced by Gen. R. E. Lee, February 15, 1864. No. 67 — (1025) In PeiTin's brigade, Anderson's di\'ision, May, 1864. No. 88 — (1217) Assignment as above, August 31, 1864. No. 89 — (1190, 1239, i367)Assignment as above, October 31, 1864, Capt. John. A. Terrill in command. November 30, 1864, Capt. Simon G. Perry in command. No. 95— (1273) General Forney's brigade, Mahone's division, Third corps, Lee's army, April,! 865. THE FIFTEENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fifteenth Alabama infantry was organized at Fort Mitchell in 1S61 ; served in Virginia in the brigade com- manded by Gen. Isaac R. Trimble; was in Stonewall Jackson's army and fought with distinction at Front Royal, May 23, 1S62; Winchester, May 25th; Cross Keys, June 8th; Gaines' Mill or Cold Harbor, June 27th and 28th; Malvern Hill, July ist, and Hazel River, August 22d. It fought and lost heavily at Second Manassas. August 30th, and was in the battles of Chantilly, Septem- ber ist; Sharpsburg, September 17th; Fredericksburg, December 13th; Suffolk, May, 1S63: Gettysburg, Julv i to 3, 1S63. Ordered to join Bragg's army, the regiment fought at Chickamauga September 19th and 20th ; Brown's Ferry, October 27th; Wauhatchie, October 27th; Knox- ville, November 17th to December 4th: Bean's Station. December 14th. Returning to Virginia this regiment upheld its reputation and won further distinction, as shown by its long roll of honor at Fort Harrison. It was engaged at the Wilderness. May 5-7, 1864; Spottsyl- vania. May 8th to i8th: Hanover Court House, May 30th; and Second Cold Harbor, June ist to 12th. It was also engaged before Petersburg and Richmond. At Deep Bot- tom, August 14th to iSth, one-third of that portion of the regiment engaged were killed. Among its killed in battle were Capt. R. H. Hill and Lieut. W. B. Mills, at Cross Keys; Captain Weams (mortally wounded), at COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 103 Gaines" Mill; Capt. P. V. Guerry and Lieut. A. Mcin- tosh, at Cold Harbor; Capts. J. H. Allison and H. C. Brainard, at Gettj-sburg, and Capt. John C. Gates died of wounds received in the same battle; Capt. Frank Park was killed at Knoxville, Captain Glover at Petersburg, and Capt. B. A. Hill at Fussell's Mill. Among the other field officers were : Cols. John F. Treut- len, Alexander Lowther, William C. Gates (who was distinguished throughout the war and has since served many j'ears as a member of Congress and also as governor of Alabama) ; Col. James Cantey, afterward brig- adier-general; Lieut.-Col. Isaac B. Feagin and Maj. John W. L. Daniel. EXTRACTS FROM THE OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. IV— (425) Gen. F. K. Zollicoffer, September 24, 1 86 1, says: "There is at Knoxville the Fifteenth Ala- bama, numbering 900 men, of which only 300 are fit for duty." Vol. V — (1030) In Trimble's brigade, Kirby Smith's division, Potomac district, January 14, 1862. Vol. XI, Part I — (415) Mentioned in Gen. L. McLaws' report of engagement, Dam No. i (Lee's Hill), April 16, 1862. Vol. XI, Part 2 — (484) In Ewcll's division during the engagements around Richmond, Virginia. (506, 60S) Casualties, 35 killed and "117 wounded, June 26 to July I, 1S62. (605) Alcntioned in General Ewell's report Seven Days' battles. (614-616) Mention of regiment in Gen. I. R. Trimble's report of the battles around Rich- mond. Captain Guerry shot while cheering on his men. (S57, 864) Mentioned by Gen. Maxcy Gregg and Col. D. Barnes. (985) Capt. P. V. Guerry, Lieut. A. Mcintosh killed. June 27th. Vol. XI, Part 3— (648) Trimble's brigade, Ewell's di- vision, army of Northern Virginia, July 23, 1862. Vol. XII, Part 1 — (20) Mentioned by General Fremont. (7 J 3) Mentioned in Gen. T. J. Jackson's report of the b.ittle of Cross Keys. (717) Casualties, 9 killed and 37 wounded, battle of Cross Keys and engagement at Port Republic. (779, 781, 784) Mentioned in Gen- 104 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. eral E well's report, at Cross Keys, June 8th: "The regiment made a gallant resistance, enabling me to take position at leisure." Capt. R. H. Hill and Lieut. W. B. Mills, killed; Lieuts. Brainard and A. A. Mcintosh, wounded, and Lieut. W. T. Berry, missing. (794) Mentioned in General Trimble's report of the battle of Winchester, May 25th. (795-799) General Trimble's report of the battle of Cross Keys, June 8th: "To Col- onel Cantey for his skillful retreat from picket, and prompt flank maneuver, I think special praise is due." Vol. Xn, Part 2— (180) Medical director's report. (184. 227) Mentioned in reports of Gen. T. J. Jackson and General Ewell of the battle of Cedar Run, August 9, 1S62, (235, 236) General Trimble's report of Cedar Run shows that the regiment, under the command of Major Lowther, took a prominent part in that fight. Casualties, i killed and 7 wounded. (550, 562) In Trimble's brigade, Ewell's division, army of Northern Virginia, battles of Second Manassas. Casualties, 21 killed, 91 wounded, Manassas Plains, August, 1S62. (708) Mentioned by General Early. (717) 4 wounded, battle of Ox Hill, September i, 1862. {719) Mentioned in General Trimble's report of the battle of Hazel River, August 22, 1S62. (716, 717, 810, 812, S13) 4 killed, 15 wounded, on the Rappahannock, August 22d to 24th; 15 killed, 38 wounded, at Manassas, August 28th; 9 wounded August 29th; 6 killed, 22 wotmded, August 30th; 4 woundfd, at Chantilly, September ist. Vol. xn. Part 3 — (964) Assignment as above, near Gor- donsville, Va., July 31, 1862. Vol. XIX, Part i— (806) Trimble's brigade, Ewell's division, Jackson's corps, Maryland campaign, Capt. I. B. Feagin commanding regiment. (813) Medical director reports 9 killed and 75 wounded, Maryland campaign. (973-975) Mentioned in General Early's report of opera- tions, September 3-17, 1862. He reports 8 killed and 63 wounded at the battle of Sharpsburg, September 17th, and Captain Feagin seriously wounded at Boteler's Ford, Sep- tember 19, 1862. (977)'Col. James A. Walker, in his re- port of the battle of Sharpsburg, says: "Captain Feagin, commanding the Fifteenth Alabama regiment, behaved with a gallantry consistent with his high reputation for courage and that of the regiment he commanded." Vol. XXI — (543, 561) Assignment as above, at battle of Fredericksburg. Loss, i killed and 34 wounded. (672) CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 105 Vtcntioned in General Hoke's report of the battle of Fred- fricksburfi:, December 13th. (1072) Col. James Cantey lunimanding regiment. (1099) Transferred from Trim- ble's brigade, Ewell's division, Jackson's corps, to Law's brijrade, Hood's division, Longstreet's corps, January 19, 1863. No. 43— (625) Mentioned by Col. J. L. Chamberlain (Union), in his report of the battle of Gettysburg. No. 44 — (284) In Jackson's corps at battle of Gettys- burg, July 1-3, 1863. (330, 339) Losses, 17 killed and 66 wounded, at the battle of Gettysburg. (362) Mentioned bv General Longstreet. (392, 393) Colonel Oates' report: "Lieutenant-Colonel Feagin, a most excellent and gallant ftTicer, received a severe wound, which caused him to lose his leg. Private A. Kennedy of Company B, and William Trimmer of Company G, were killed ; and Private G. E. Spencer, Company D, severely wounded. Loss was 17 killed and 54 wounded and brought off of field, and 90 missing; 8 officers were killed. (418, 419) Mentioned in Cicn. Henry L. Bcnning's report. No. 51 — (18) In Law's brigade, Hood's division, army of Tennessee, General Bragg commanding, September 19-20, 1863. (303) Mentioned in Gen. T. C. Hindman's report, Chickamauga campaign. (332) Gen. Z. C. Deas' report: "Regiment behaved with great gallantry." (334) Mentioned in Col. S. K. McSpaddin's report. No. 54 — (223) Assignment as above, autumn of 1863. (J25-J28) General Law's report: "Col. W. C. Oates, the Uallant and efficient commander of the Fifteenth Alabama, was wounded September 27, 1863, Lookout Valley. " Also other mention of regiment. (229, 230) Mentioned in Col. .! L. Sheffield's report, 5 wounded. (452) Assignment as .i'"w)vc. November 30th. ^ No. 55_(658) Same assignment, army of Tennessee, General Bragg commanding, November 20, 1863. No. 56 — (615, 890) Same assignment, to December 3«. 1863. ^'o. 58 — (641) Assignment as above, January 31, 1864. No. 59 — (722) In Law's brigade, Buckner's division, under General Longstreet, March 31, 1S64. No. 67— (1022) In Law's brigade, Field's division. First •»rniy corps, army of Northern Virginia, early in May, '•"'4 (1060) Partial return of casualties, 21 killed and t'3 wounded in operations, April 14 to May 6, 1864. 106 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 80 — (763) Casualties, 3 killed and 8 wounded, Rich- mond campaign, June 1 3th to July 3 ist. (8 1 2) Roll of honor. Fort Harrison, September 30, 1S64: M. L. Harper (killed)' Company B; W. H. Cooper. Company C; R. S. Jones Company D; B. J. Martin, Company E; A. Jackson, Com- pany F;D. C. Cannon, Company G; J. T. Rushing, Com- pany I; C. J. Fauk, Company K; T. R. Collins, Company L. (Company F declined making a selection.) Darby- town Road, October 7, 1S64: A. E. Averett, Company A- Sergt. W. W. Johnson, Company D; Sergt. J. K. Edwards' Company E; H. V. Glenn, Company F; H. F. Satcher' Company G; Sergt. G. B. Barnett, Company I; W. F. Hill,' Company K; J. F. Bean, Company L. Other companies dechned making a selection. October 13, 1864: W. H. Quattlebaum, Company D; A. Powell, Company E; Tohn Jackson, Company F; E. Grice, Company K; Lee Lloyd, Company L. Other companies declined making a selection.' No. 87— (877) Partial return of casualties, 10 killed and 92 wounded, August ist to December 31st, Richmond campaign. No. 88— (159, 1 215) Assignment as aboye. Colonel Low- ther m command of regiment, August 31, 1864. No. 89— (118S, 1238, 1364) Assignment as above to De- cember 31, 1S64. November 30, 1864, Capt. F. Key Shaaff m command of regiment No. 95— (1268, 1277) In PeiTy's brigade, paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. THE SLXTEENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Sixteenth Alabama infantry was organized at Courtland, August, 1S61. It was assigned to General Zollicofifer's brigade, and its first battle was at Fishing Creek or Mill Spring, Ky., January 19 and 20, 1862. It was at Shiloh, April 6th and 7th; Triune, December 27th; Murfreesboro, December 31 to January 2, 1863; in the retreat from Tullahoma to Chattanooga, June 23d to July 4th; Chickamauga, September 19th and 20th; Missionary Ridge, November 23d to 25th; Ringgold. November 27th; in all the great battles under Johnston and Hood during the eventful campaign in 1S64, and was particularly distinguished at Jonesboro, August 31st CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 107 and September ist, where it met with very severe loss. It participated in the fights at Buzzard Roost, Tun- nel Hill and Rocky Face Ridge, February 25 to 27, 1S64; around Dalton, May 8th to 12th; Resaca, May 13th lo 16th; Adairsville, May 17th; Cassville, May 19th to aid; Pickett's Mill, May 27th; Kenesaw Mountain, June 9th to 30th; Peachtree Creek, July 20th; At- lanta, July 22d, where it carried the enemy's works by assault and captured two stands of colors. It was also prominent in the battle of Franklin, November 30th, and of Nashville, December isth and i5th. Among the distinguished killed were its very gallant colonels, Fred A. Ashford and Brice Wilson at Frank- lin, Maj. J. H. McGaughey at Chickamauga, Capt. Robert M Gregor at Nashville, Lieut. Wm. A. Patton at Shiloh, Licuts. David E. Bentley, R. W. Garland, Lewis E. Jackson, Robt. W. Roebuck and Benj. H. Russell at Murfreesboro. Col. William B. Wood, who afterward became eminent on the bench as circuit judge, was the first colonel. He was succeeded by Cols. Alexander H. Ilclvenston and Frederick A. Ashford. Its lieutenant- colonels were John H. McGaughey, Joseph J. May and John W. Harris. EXTRACTS FROM THE OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. IV— -(237) Col. W. B. Wood commandant at Knox- vjHc. (244, 246) Letter of General ZoUicoffer, Knoxville, N'"vcmber 17, 1S61, says he lias started battalion uf this rc^,Mment, with others, on the way to Jamestown, Tenn., and Monticello, Ky. (247) Ordered by Col. S. A. M. U'iK)d back to Kno'xville, November, 1S61. (387) "Col- onel Wood has been ordered from Tuscumbia to Russell- ville, Tenn.," August 31st. (409) Aggregate present, ^(>T. Knoxville, September 15th. (412) Left at Knox- ville with 300 men, able for duty, to guard the magazine. (5*3) Cumberland Gap, November 5,1 861, General Zolli- cofTor mentions battalion of the Sixteenth Alabama, in tuniinand of Lieutenant-Colonel Harris. Vol. VII— (80) Report of Gen. George H. Thomas ,1 ;♦. .ir^ 108 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. (Union), Logan's Cross Roads, says: "Lieut. Allen Morse and 5 officers of the medical staff, 81 non-commis- sioned officers and privates, taken prisoners. " (82) Order of march, by General Crittenden, January 18, 1863, "Sixteenth Alabama, Colonel Wood, in reserve. " (105- iio) Report of Gen. G. B. Crittenden of battle of Mill Spring, January 19 and ao, 1862, mentions regiment several times. He says: "The Sixteenth Alabama, •which was the reserve corps of my division, commanded by Colonel Wood, did, at this critical juncture, most emi- nent service." Also reports 9 killed and 5 wounded. (111-113) W. H. Carroll's report of same engagement; "Colonel Wood brought his men forward with the steadi- ness of veterans, and formed them in battle array with the coolness and precision of a holiday parade. " (115, 116) Mentioned in report of Maj. Horace Rice. Wood's regiment numbered 330 men. (687) 325 present for duty, November 20th, at Wartburg, Tenn. (704) Men- tioned by Gen. W. H. Carroll, Knoxville, November 26th. (751) Numbering about 800 men; report Gen. W. H. Car- roll, Knoxville, December 9th. (753, 773, 814) Referred to by General ZoUicoffer at Beech Grove, Ky. Present for duty, 378. (904) Brigade under General Wood, Sec- ond division of Central army, Murfreesboro, Tenn., Feb- ruary 23, 1862. Vol. X, Part I— (3S3) In S. A. M. Wood's brigade, Third corps, army of the Mississippi, April 6-7, 1862. (568) General Hardee reports this regiment helping in capture of 6 guns at Shiloh. (590-596) Mentioned in Gen- eral Wood's report of the battle of Shiloh: "Major Hel- venston had his horse killed, and was severely wounded by same ball. " Six batteries captured; Lieut. Wm. Pat- ton, behaving with great gallantry, was killed. Lieuten- ant-Colonel ilarri.s, though laboring under severe illness, conducted his regiment throughout both days. (597,598) Col. John \V. Harris reports that his men fought gal- lantly and bravely. "I was greatly assisted by Major Helvenston on the right, and I am indebted to him for many noble acts of daring and intrepidity, always at his post and at all times cheering on the soldiers. While gallantly charging a battery at the head of the column, he received a wound in the thigh. Captain Ashford, Company B, also acted nobly. Atone time, when our force had been driven back, one piece of a battery was left by CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 109 the frunners and drivers, the lead horse having been shot. ("jptain Ashford went to the piece, under the enemy's fjrc, cut the traces of the dead horse, ordered two men ncnr by to assist him, and drove it away — preventing its C4j)ture by the enemy. Lieut. Wm. A. Patton, while at hi4 post encouraging his men, fell, facing the foe. " (603) Mi-ntioned by Major Hardcastle, Shiloh. (605) Mentioned in report of Twenty-seventh Tennessee infantry. (788) Assignment as above, June 30, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 1— (1132) Mentioned in Colonel White's report of the battle of Perryville, October 8, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (633) In Wood's brigade. General Bragg commanding army of the Mississippi, June 30, 1S62. Vol. XX, Part i — (660) Same assignment, battle of Murfreesboro. (679) Return of casualties, 24 killed, 142 wounded. Lieuts. David E. Bentley, R. W. Garland, Lewis E. Jackson, Robert W. Roebuck and Benj. H. Rus.sell, killed. (845-851) Mentioned several times in Gen. P. R. Cleburne's report. "The following officers and men of the Sixteenth Alabama distinguished them- selves on the field: Col. W. B. Wood and Adjt. B. A. Wilson (wounded), Capt. William Hodges, Company F; Lieut. C. Davis, Company B; Lieut. -Col. G. W. W. Jones, Company G ; Lieut. G. Pride, Company A ; C. F. Carson, Company C, who remained fighting after he '.v.is wounded; Lieut. D. O. Warren, Company F; Lieut. Thomas Salter, Company D, who was wounded, but returned to the field the moment his wounds were dressed; Sergt.-Maj. Robert H. Cherry and Private Harvey G. Sargeant, Company H; Privates William Hoyce and James Peeden, Company C : Sergeant Bowen, CMmpany H; Sergt. H. W. Rutland, Company A; I'ri'.-ate Peter White, Company F; Robert Williams, Company B; and H. D. Smith, Company A, the latter Wounded in both legs." (896-900) Mentioned in Gen. 5>- A. M. Wood's reports. " Col. W. B. Wood was always in the lead." (900-903) Col. W. B. Wood, in his report, speaks of those mentioned above by General Cle- burne; also highly commends Lieutenant-Colonel Hel- vcnsion. Major McGaughey, Adjt. A. B. Wilson. Lieuts. »^- W. Alexander, W. S. Humphries and J. N. Watson; praises the efficient services of Capt. T. A. Kimball, '-•'.'plain, acting in the infirmary corps, and of Surgeon F. no CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. S. McMahon and Assistant-Surgeon Wm. M. Mayes. (906) Mentioned in Col. R. Charlton's report. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (246) Gen. G. M. Dodge (Union) gives force at 400, April 17, 1S63. (942, 959) Assign- ment as above, July 31st, Maj. J. H. McGaughey'in command. August 10, 1863, Col. A. H. Helvenston in command. No. 51 — (12) Assignment as above, Chickamauga cam- paign. (159-162) Mentioned in General Wood's report of the battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1S63; speaks of death from wounds of Major McGaughey. (163-165) Capt. F. A. Ashford, in his report, says: "Both officers and men discharged their duties gallantly. I may be permitted to allude particularly to the noble bearing and fearlessness in discharge of duty of First Lieut. Isaac C. Madding, Company B; Second Lieut. Robert H. Cherry, Company I ; First Lieut. G. W. W. Jones, Company G; Second Lieut. John D. Oglesby, Company F, and our gallant commander, Maj. J. H. McGaughey." Gives loss at 25 killed and 21S wounded. (165, 166, 168) Mentioned in General Adams' reports and Col. E. B. Breedlove's report. (533) Roll of honor, battle of Chick- amauga: Privates George W. Tims, Company A, killed in action; William A. Watts, Company B, killed in action; William Hill, Company C; Thomas Garner (killed). Company D; Joshua Lewis, Company E; John ■McMicken (killed). Company F. No. 55 — (660) In Lowrey's brigade, Breckinridge's corps, army of Tennessee, Chattanooga-Ringgold cam- paign. (754-756, 76S) Mentioned in reports of Gen. P. R. Cleburne and Gen. 'W.. P. Lowrey. (769, 770) Report of Maj. F. A. Ashford, commanding', of the battle of Novem- ber 27, 1863. No. 56 — (618, 804, 823, 885) Assignment as above, to December 31, 1S63. No. 58 — (588) Assignment as above, January 20, 1864; Capt. Barton Dickson in command. No. 59 — (S67) Assignment as above, April 30, 1864; Lieutenant-Colonel Ashford in command. No. 74 — (639, 647, 655, 662, 669) Assignment as above. to August 31, 1864. (731, 732) Gen. M. P. Lowrey's report of the engagement of July 22d says: "Regiment captured two Yankee flags." (733) Casualties, 5 killed and 56 wounded, July 2 2d. COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Ill >,\y 78 — (852) Assignment as above. Gen. John B. }!*■ -J commanding army, September 20, 1864. \,\, gj — (667) Assignment as above. Sixteenth, Thirty- •.ri-.rd and Forty-fifth Alabama under Lieut. -Col. R. H. AlKTcrombie, Hood's army, December 10, 1864. (685) C>'. F. A. Ashford killed in battle of Franklin, Novem- ?.''h; Cassville, May 19th to 22d; Kenesaw Mountain, .' •'.;.• 9th to 30th. At Peach Tree Creek its commander, M.ijor Burnett, was severely wounded, and Captain Rag- Uad was killed at Atlanta. The regiment was engaged tn Uie battle of Atlanta, July 22d; at Jonesboro, August Jist to September ist; and Lovejoy's Station, September jJ to 6th. ^The Seventeenth regiment lost heavily at Franklin, November 30th, and at Nashville, December 13th to i6th. I'-';.'.M officers were Col. Thomas H. Watts, who became -••torney-general of the Confederate States; Col. Virgil S. '/ vfW 112 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Murphy; Col. J. T. Jones, temporarily assigned; Lieut.- Cols. Edward P. Holcombe, Robert C. Farris, and John Ryan, temporarily assigned, and Maj. Thomas J. Burnett EXTRACTS FROM THE OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. IV — (416) Hon. J. R. Benjamin, acting secretary of war, Richmond, Va. , September 19, 186 1, mentions the "Seventeenth Alabama regiment, commanded by Col. Thomas H. Watts, having been brigaded unde'r Gen. L. P. Walker." Vol. VI — (768) General Bragg, near Pensacola, Novem- ber 17, 1861, says: " Colonel Watts' Alabama regiment, for the war, arrived yesterday, 900 strong." (819) Army of Pensacola, Gen. Sam Jones commanding, February i, 1862. Vol. X, Part I — (383) In Jackson's brigade, Second corps, army of the Mississippi, battle of Shiloh. (553-556) Jackson's report, April 6th and 7th, speaks of the Seven- teenth Alabama, Lieut. -Col. Robert C. Farris, and of two stands of colors captured by it. {789) Assignment as above, Third corps, June 3, 1862. Vol. XV— (850) Army of Mobile, Gen. J. E. Slaughter commanding; district of the Gulf, October 31, 1862, Gen John H. Forney in command. (1068) Assignment as above. General Buckner in command of department ot the Gulf, "for April, 1863," at Bay Shore, near Mobile. Col. V. S. r^Iurphy commanding detachment manning Apalachee battery. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (733) General Bragg, Tupelo, Miss., July 23, 1S62, detaches regiment, to form part of garrison of the defenses of Mobile. No. 42 — (39) Assignment as above, department of the Gulf, General ^ilaury. Mobile, Jime 8, 1863-. (120) Gen- eral Maury, July 23, 1863, says: "Four companies were guarding bridges on Mobile (^ Ohio railroad. They are artillerists." (131) Cantey's brigade, with General Maury, August i, 1863. (156) Seventeenth and Twenty- ninth are drilling as artillery, August 10, 1863. (157. 27s, 402, 511, 561) Assignment as above, to December 31, 1863. (431) General Maury calls it a fine, large regi- ment, November 21, 1S63. No. 58 — (5S2) Assignment as above, January 20, 1864. No. 59 — (S72) Cantey's brigade, Johnston's army, April 30, 1864. I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 113 I \o. 74 — (644) Assignment as above. (646) Cantey's * division, with army of jMississippi, Gen. Leonidas Polk in ctimmand, June loth. (653, 660, 665, 671) Cantey's I brijj.ide, Johnston's army, Maj. Thomas J. Burnett com- ! ni.iiiding regiment, June 30th. Thomas A. McCane com- \ nunding regiment, July 31st. (941-943) Mentioned in I reports of Col. E. A. O'Neal in front of Atlanta, July * 31. and August 22, 1864, Maj. T. J. Burnett in com- '■ mand. Captain Ragland killed, "a gallant and meritori- 4 ous officer." Highly commends Capt. J. F. Tate. i No. 78 — (855) Cantey's brigade, Hood's army, Septem- \ ber 30, 1864. Capt. William W. McMillan commanding J rc^'iment. ^ No. 93 — (666) Cantey's brigade. Hood's army, Decem- V bcr 10, 1864. Capt. John Boiling, Jr., commanding regi- * mcnt. ' No. 98 — (1063) Shelley's brigade, Johnston's army, I April 9, 1865. Col. Edward P. Holcombe in command i of regiment. f No. 100 — (735, 773) In Quarles' brigade, consolidated I with First and Twenty-ninth Alabama, under Capt. Benj. j H. Screws, March 31, 1865. THE EIGHTEENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Eighteenth Alabama regiment was organized at "Auburn, September, 1861. Its first duty was at Mobile. At the battle of Shiloh it engaged in the severe fighting which resulted in the capture of Prentiss' division, and wa.s ordered by General Wheeler to carry the prisoners to Corinth. It returned to Mobile, v/here it remained till «S63. It was prominent in the battle of Chickamauga, ^'-■ptcmber 19th and 20th, losing nearly two-thirds of its number, killed and wounded ; participated in all the sub- 8<--;o. 93 — (665) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864. No. io3-(938) Holtzclaw's brigade left Meridian for Mobile, January 26, 1865. (1046) In Holtzclaw's brigade, district of the Gulf, March 10, 1865; Capt. A. C. Greene in command of regiment. No. 104— (226) Mentioned by A. M. Jackson (Union), March 22, 1865. THE NINETEENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Nineteenth Alabama infantry was organized at Huntsville, August, 1861; served at Mobile and Pensa- cola until February, 1862, when it joined the army at Corinth ; made a brilliant record at the battle of Shiloh, where it lost 219 killed and wounded; was in the Kentucky campaign and prominent at Murfreesboro, December 31st to January 2d ; was engaged in the fighting incident to the retreat of the army from Tullahoma to Chattanooga, June »7 to July 4, 1863; added increased luster to its reputation at Chickamauga, September 19th and 20th, and was warmly engaged at Missionary Ridge, November 23d to »Sth. The Nineteenth was in the Georgia campaign from May until September, 1864, taking part with great credit in the numerous battles of that heated campaign, includ- ing the fighting around Dalton, May 7th to May 9th; Resaca, May 13th to isth; Cassville, May 19th to 22d; Kcnesaw, June 9th to 30th; Peachtree Creek, July 20th; the great battle on the Decatur road, July 2 2d; Ezra Chapel, July 28th; Jonesboro, August 31st and September ist, and Lovejoy's Station, September 2d to 6th. The regi- ment went with General Hood into Tennessee, and fought with gallantry at Franklin, November 30th; at Nashville, IXxember 13th to i6th, and also at Bentonville, N. C, Mirch 19 to 21, 1865. Among the killed were: Capts. William R. McKenzie, May 29th, at Corinth; R. J. Healey, at Murfreesboro; 118 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. H. L. Houston, at Atlanta; Capt. Nathan J. Venable, at Marietta; Capt. Ed. Thornton, at Jouesboro; Lieut. Joseph B. High, at Chickamauga. Its field officers were : Cols. Joseph Wheeler and Sam- uel K. McSpadden ; Lieut. -Cols. Edward D. Tracy, after- ward brigadier-general and killed near Port Gibson, May I, 1863, George R. Kimbrough and Nick Davis. Its majors were James H. Savage and Solomon Palmer. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. IV — (416) Commanded by Col. Joseph Wheeler assigned to Brig. -Gen. L. P. Walker, September 19, 1861 Vol. VI — (772) Aggregate present, 940, December 2 1861. (819) Anny of Mobile, General Withers command- ing; department of Alabama and West Florida, com manded by General Bragg, February i, 1862. Vol. X, Part I — (383) In Jackson's brigade, army of the Mississippi, battle of Shiloh. (534, 535) Mentioned in Gen. Jones M. Withers' report. Regiment covered rear guard. (552, 553) Mentioned by Gen. James R. Chalmers and Gen. John K. Jackson. (556) Stand of colors captured by Wheeler. (558-560) Colonel Wheeler's report. He particularly mentions Lieut. -Col. E. D. Tracy, Maj. S. K. McSpadden, Adjt. Clifton Walker, Lieuts. Solomon Palmer, R. H. Hagood, J. N. Barry, J. E. Nabbers, D. C. Hodo, W. H. Anderson, B. L. Porter, and Sergt.-Maj. P. L. Griffitts. (561-563) Mentioned by Col. John C. Moore. (78S) In Gardner's brigade, June 30, 1862. (S39) Wheeler's report, Farmington, May 10, 1862. K^li) Wheeler's report, Bridge Creek, May 28th and 29th: "Capt. W. R. D. McKcnzic, a most gallant and efficient officer, received a mortal wound." Particularly mentions Captain Hollinsworth and others. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (764) In Gardner's brigade. Withers' division, army of the Mississippi, under Maj. -Gen. L. Polk, August 18 and 20, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (633) Assignment as above, June 30, 1862. Vol. XX, Part i— (658) Deas' brigade. Withers' division, army of Tennessee, Stone's River campaign. (677) S killed, 143 wounded, Murfreesboro ; Capt. Robert J. Healey killed. ! CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 119 Vol. XX, Part 2 — (418, 431) Same assignment, Novem- ber, 1862. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (735, 942, 958) In Deas' brigade. Withers' division, Polk's army corps, April to August, 1S03, Col. S. K. McSpadden commanding regiment. No. 51 — (15) Assignment as above, September 19-20, 1S63, battle of Chickamauga. (333-335) Report of Col- tiucl McSpadden says: "While I cannot specify the many acts of gallantry and daring exhibited by the different oilicers and men under my command, there \vas one in- stance of valor and daring so extraordinary as to demand my attention. On the second charge in the evening, when the troops on my right began to waver, Capt. Hugh L. Houston, Company B, sprang to his colors, and, rush- ing with them to within 30 steps of the enemy's cannon, },'allantly waved them and urged the men to follow their tountr}''s banner." Loss, 34 killed and 15S wounded. Lieut. Joseph B. High, Company H, a good man, a con- sistent Christian, fell while gallantly leading his company. No. 56 — (617, 805, 825, 886) Aggregate present and ab- sent, 734, December 14, 1863. In Deas' brigade. Hind- man's division, army of Tennessee, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston commanding, December 31, 1863. Lieut.-Col. George R. Kimbrough. No. 58 — (5S9) Maj. Sol. Palmer commanding regiment, January 20, 1864. Xo. 74 — (346, 640, 648, 656) Assignment as above. Lieut. -Col. George R. Kimbrough in command of regiment, June 30, 1864. (663) In Johnston's brigade, Anderson's i!'.vision, Lee's corps, army of Tennessee, July 31st. I-5cut.-Col. Harry T. Toulmin in command of regiment, •ryj,:;?) Report of Lieutenant-Colonel Toulmin, com- manding brigade, of the engagement of the 28th of July, "car Atlanta. No. 78 — (853) Assignment as above, September 20, 1864. Lieut. -Col. George R. Kimbrough commanding. ^o- 93 — (664) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864, No. 98 — (1065) In Pettus' brigade, Stevenson's division, Lee's corps. General Johnston commanding; Lieut.-Col. E S. Gulley commanding regiment. No. 100 — (734) In Deas' brigade, army of Tennessee, March 31, 1865, Maj. Sol. Palmer in command of regi- ment 120 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. THE TWENTIETH ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment was organized in Montgomer}', Septem- ber 1 6, 1 86 1. Its first service was at Mobile. It was in the campaign in Kentucky, under Gen. Kirby Smith; then was sent to Jlississippi ; fought with great gallantrj' and sustained severe loss at Port Gibson, May i, 1863, and Champion's Hill, or Baker's Creek, May i6th; was distinguished for bravery in the siege of Vicksburg, and surrendered with that fortress. After being exchanged the regiment joined Bragg and fought with great gallantry at Missionary Ridge, and, during the campaign of 1864, took part in nearly all the battles from Dalton to Atlanta. It suffered severely at Rocky Face, May 5-9, 1864; Kenesaw, June 27th, and Jonesboro, August 31st and September ist; but with unabated courage fought at Nashville, Decem- ber 15 and 16, 1864; at Kinston, N. C, March 4, 1865, and at Bentonville, March 19th to 21st. Its field officers were Cols. Isham W. Garrott, who was promoted brigadier-general and killed at Vicksburg, June 17, 1863; Robert T. Jones, who was transferred to the Twelfth Alabama and killed at the battle of Seven Pines ; Edmund W. Pettus, who was promoted brigadier-general and afterward became United States senator; Charles D. Anderson and James M. Dedman. Its lieutenant-colonels were Mitchell T. Porter, and John W. Davis, who was wounded at Rocky Face and at Marietta. Its majors were Alfred S. Pickering, killed at Port Gibson, and John G. Harris. Capt. Jack Ayres, a gallant officer of the regi- ment, was killed at Jonesboro. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI— (772) Aggregate present, 836, December 2, 1861, district of Alabama, Gen. J. M. Withers command- ing. (819) Army of Mobile, General Withers , department of Alabama and Florida, General Bragg; Mobile, February I, 1862. (S94) Bragg dispatches war department that regiment is on way to Knoxville, February 18, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (715) In Barton's brigade, depart- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 121 ment of East Tennessee, Gen. Kirby Smith command- ing, June, 1862, Col. Isham W. Garrott commanding reg- iment (719) In Reynolds' brigade, department of East Tennessee, July 3d. (984) In Tracy's brigade, Second division, troops under Gen. Kirby Smith, October, 1862. "Vol. XVII, Part 2— (825) General Tracy gives regiment 630 strong, January 3, 1863. No. 36 — (678-682) Col. I. W. Garrott's report of the battle of Port Gibson, Miss., May i, 1863, speaks of the fearless and chivalrous Lieut. -Col. E. W. Pettus; also of Capt. J. McKee Gould and Lieut. J. W. Parish, Capts. R. H. Pratt, B. D. Massingale and J. N. Dedman; Maj. A. S. Pickering fell mortally wounded while nobly dis- charging his duty ; Sergt. Earle here fell while fearlessly carrj'ing the colors. Loss, 18 killed, 112 wounded. Sergt. Powers highly commended; also Colonel Smith. No. 37 — (95) Mentioned in Gen. Carter L. Stevenson's report of the battle of Champion's Hill, Miss., May 16, 1863. (101-103) Mentioned in Gen. Stephen D. Lee's re- port of same. (326) In S. D. Lee's brigade, army of Vicksburg, Lieut. -Gen. John C. Pemberton commanding, Col. E. P. Pettus commanding regiment, siege of Vicks- burg, May 18 to July 4, 1863. (329) Col. Isham W. Garrott killed, June 17, 1863. (345) General Stevenson in his re- port of siege speaks must highly of Lieutenant-Colonel Pettus and Colonel Garrott. (350-352) Mentioned by Gen. S. D. Lee: "The officers who attracted my attention were Col. Isham W. Garrott, of Twentieth Alabama, the pure patriot and gallant soldier who was killed on June 17th while in the fearless discharge of his duties, respected and loved by all who knew him ; a more attentive and vigilant officer was not in our service. Col. E. W. Pettus, Twen- tieth Alabama, won the admiration of every one by his daring on May 2 2d, and by his imiform good conduct dur- ing the remainder of the siege." (353) Mentioned in Capt. A. C. Roberts' report of siege. (357,358) In report of Col. T. N. Waul, of assault May 22d, says: "Lieuten- ant-Colonel Pettus, thoroughly acquainted with the local- ity and its approaches, came, musket in hand, and most gallantly offered to guide and lead the party into the fort. Three of Colonel Shelley's regiment also volunteered; with promptness and alacrity they moved to the assault, retook the fort, drove the enemy through the breach they entered, tore down the stand of colors still floating over I 122 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. the parapet, and sent it to the colonel commanding the legion, who immediately transmitted it with a note to General Lee." No. 38 — (612, 703) In Tracy's brigade, Stevenson's di- vision, department of jNIississippi and Eastern Louisiana; Gen. John C. Pemberton commanding. (1059) In Lee's brigade, Stevenson's division, army of Vicksburg, De- mopolis, Ala., August 29th. No. 55 — (662) In Pettus' brigade, Stevenson's division, army of Tennessee, General Bragg commanding, Novem- ber 20, 1863; Capt. John \V. Davis commanding regi- ment. (724) Return of casualties: 9 killed, 39 wounded. Missionary Ridge. (725) General Cheatham in special orders thanks the officers and men of his command. He says: "It was Pettus' brigade (of his division) which first checked an enemy, flushed with victory on Lookout mountain, and held him at bay until ordered to retire." (731-732) Mentioned in Gen. E. W. Pettus' report of the battle of Missionary Ridge: "The Twentieth Alabama behaved gallantly." No. 56 — (804, 823, 884) In Pettus' brigade, Stevenson's division, army of Tennessee, December, 1863. Total pres- ent, 526; Lieut. -Col. M. T. Porter commanding regiment No. 59 — (869) Assignment as above, April 30, 1864 Col. J. M. Dedman commanding regiment. No. 74 — (641, 649, 656, 663, 672) Assignment as above, April to August, 1864. Capt. I. W. Etevidson command' ing regiment, July, 1864. No. 78 — (853) Assignment as above, September 20, 1864, No. 93 — (665, 1224) Assignment as above, to December 1864. (694) Gen. C. L. Stevenson's report of campaign in Tennessee, September 29 to December 17, 1864. Regi ment highly commended. No. 94 — (799, Soi) Aggregate present, 334, Januar>- 19 1865. Pettus' brigade, Lieut. -Col. John W. Davis com manding regiment. No. 98 — (1065) Assignment as above. Forces com manded by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, April 9, 1865 Lieut. -Col. James K. Elliott commanding. No. 100 — (733) Assignment as above, March 31, 1865. Lieut. -CoL John W. Davis commanding. THE TWENTV-FIRST ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment was organized in Mobile in October, CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 123 tS6i, and served that winter at Mobile. In March, 1862, it proceeded to Corinth and was distinguished in the battle of Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, being complimented in gen- eral orders. It also fought at Farmington, May 3d, after which the regiment was ordered back to Mobile. Two of its companies withstood a bombardment of two weeks (rem 5 gunboats and 6 mortar boats in their attempt to force an entrance to Grant's pass, August, 1864. They held out heroically until, overwhelmed by the immense resources of the enemy, they blew up the fort and evac- uated it. The six companies stationed at Fort Gaines held out until August 8, 1864, when they were compelled to surrender. The rest of the regiment formed part of the garrison at Spanish Fort and engaged in its defense, March 26 to April 8, 1865. Lieutenant Dixon, a gallant Kcntuckian of this regiment, and several of his com- mand, volunteered to man a submarine torpedo boat in Charleston harbor. They went to sea the night of Feb- niarj' 17, 1864, and blew up the Housatonic, of the Fed- eral blockading squadron, but the brave crew all perished by the explosion which destroyed the Federal vessel. ■ Its colonels were James Crawford and Chas. D. Ander- son. Its lieutenant-colonels were Andrew J. Ingersol, Stewart W. Cayce, Charles S. Stewart and James M. Wil- liams. Its majors were Frederick K. Stewart, Franklin J. McCoy and Charles G. Johnston. ..... .tl.'.ri ,-. EXTRACTS FRO.M OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI— (756) General Bragg reports that Colonel Crawford's regiment has consented to change tenure of service and is mustered in for 12 months. (819) Brigaded under General Withers, army of Mobile, department of Alabama and West Florida, February i, 1862. Vol. VII— (915) Memoranda of Gen. G. T. Beaure- v:'rd, Jackson, Tenn., March 3, 1862, says: "Regiment to k-'^ to Fort Pillow." Vol. X, Part I — (383) In Gladden's brigade, army of Mississippi, at battle of Shiloh, April 6-7, 1862. (534) 124 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Mentioned in Gen. Jones M. Withers' report. (538) Col. Z. C. Deas' report mentions Lieut. -Col. S. W. Cayce in command. (540, 541) Cayce's report thanks and praises Major Stewart and Capt. John F. Jewett. Mentions par- ticularly Lieutenants Parker, Rogers, Williams, and Sav- age, and Captains Chamberlain and Stewart. Maj. F. Stewart resigned. {556-563) Mentioned in Col. John C. Moore's reports. (7S9) In Gen. J. K. Jackson's brigade, army of the Mississippi, General Bragg commanding, June 30, 1862. Vol. XV— (S50) First battalion at Choctaw and Owen bluffs. Col. C. D. Anderson commanding. Second bat- talion at Forts Morgan and Gaines, Col. W. L. Powell commanding. District of the Gulf, Gen. J. H. Forney commanding, October 31, 1S62. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (633. 659) In Gen. J. K. Jackson's brigade, army of the Ivlississippi, June 30, 1862. By com- mand of General Bragg, Twenty-first Alabama detached from the army of the Mississippi, and assigned to duty as part of garrison of Mobile, July 26th. No. 42 — (39, 131, 157, 275) Department of the Gulf, Cantey's and Powell's brigades. Gen. Dabney H. Maury commanding, June to September, 1S63. (402) Third bri- gade, department of the Gulf, General Maury command- ing, November, 1863. (511, 562) Third brigade. Gen. Edward Higgins, Mobile, commanding, to January' 20, 1864. No. 59 — (861) In Page's brigade. General Maury's army, April 30, 1864. No. 77 — (42S) General Maur\', August 12, 1864, mentions the regiment as part of garrison of Fort Gaines. (441, 442) Col. James M. Williams' report of the evacuation and destruction of Fort Powell, on the night of August 5th. No. 78 — (678, 703, 752) In Page's brigade. General Maury's army, June to August, 1S64. No. 79 — (876) Detachment under Capt. B. Frank Dade, in Taylor's command, November i, 1864. No. 84 — (142) Colonel Myers (Union) says: "Eight companies, 50 men each, 400 strong, are at Fort Gaines, July 12, 1864." He says, July loth, that they are guard- ing salt-works at Bonsecours bay. No. 94 — (633) Detachment of regiment in Taylor's command, department of Alabama, Mississippi, and' East Louisiana, December i, 1S64. il I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 125 No. 103 — (1046) In Thomas' brigade, district of the Gulf, March 10, 1865. Lieut. -Col. James M. Williams in command of regiment. No. 104 — (226, 1 158, 1 163) Mentioned by A. M. Jack- ion, H. L. D. Lewis and Gen. R. L. Gibson. (1184) Gen- eral Gibson asks for the regiment to be sent to him at Blakely, April i, 1865. THE TWENTY-SECOND ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment was organized at Montgomery, Novem- ber, t86i, and armed by private enterprise. It first served in Mobile; from there it was ordered to Corinth and reached Tennessee in time for the battle of Shiloh, where it suffered severe loss. It fought at Munfordville, Sep- tember 14 to 16, 1862; at Perryville, October 8th, and at Murfreesboro, December 31 to January 2, 1863. It took a verj' brilliant part in the impetuous assault on Rosecrans' army at Chickamauga, September 20th, and suffered se- verely, losing almost two-thirds of its forces, the killed including five color-bearers. It served in the campaign in Georgia, losing heavily in the battles around Atlanta, July, 1864, and at Jonesboro, August 31st and September ist. Il was also distingiiished at Franklin, November 30th; at Nashville, December 15th and i6th; at Kinston, N. C, March 14, 1865, and at Bentonville, March 19th to 21st. In April it was consolidated with the Twenty-fifth, Thirty- ninth and Fiftieth, under Colonel Toulmin. Col. John C. Marrast died in the service, after having made a glorious record. Capt. Abner C. Gaines was killed, and Maj. R. B. Armistead mortally wounded, at Shiloh. Lieuts. J. N. Smith and J. H. Wall fell at Murfreesboro, Lieut. -Col. John Weedon, Capt. James Deas Nott and Lieuts. Waller Mordecai and Renfroe were killed at Chickamauga; Col. Benj. R. Hart, Capt. Thomas M. Brindley, Lieuts. Leary and Stackpoole at Atlanta, and Capt. Ben. B. Little was killed at Jonesboro. The other field ofllcers were Col. Zach C. Deas, after^vard a noted brigadier-general; Col. Harry T. Toulmin, now U. S. dis- 126 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. trict judge; Lieut. -Cols. Napoleon D. Rouse and Herbert E. Armistead ; Majs. Thomas McPrince, Robert D. Arm- istead and Robert Donnell. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI — (764) General Bragg, in letter of November 5, 1861, near Pensacola, writes: "Colonel Deas' regiment (Twenty-second Alabama), armed by private enterprise. ordered to report to General Withers at Mobile." (772) Aggregate present, 709 for duty, with General Withers, district of Alabama, December 2d. (819) With General Bragg, February i, 1862, in department of Alabama and West Florida, in army of Mobile, commanded by General Withers. (836) Ordered to Corinth by General Bragg, February 26, 1S62. Vol. X, Part I— (13, 383) In General Gladden's brigade, army of Mississippi, battle of Shiloh, April 6-7, 1862. (538,539) Report of Col. Z. C. Deas says: "The indomit- able courage and perseverance of the officers and men of this brigade; the willingness and gallantry with which they marched to the attack when called upon, after hav- ing endured almost superhuman fatigue in the desperate and long-continued struggles of Sunday and Monday, are deserving of the highest encomiums. Where so many acted nobly, it might appear invidious to particularize, but impartiality compels me to record as first in the fight the First Louisiana infantry and Twenty-second Alabama. I wish here to call the attention of my superiors to such field officers as especially distinguished themselves in my immediate vicinity for their coolness and gallant bearing under the hottest fire, Lieut. -Col. John Marrast, Adjutant Travis and Sergeant Nott. " (540) .Strength of regiment after the battle of April 6th was only 123. Col. J. Q. Loomis in his report of same battle, speaks in high terms of praise of Colonel Deas. (541) Col. Z. C. Deas' report says: "Maj. R. B. Armistead was mortally wounded in the first engagement, but he fell where every brave soldier should be found to fall, in the front rank, doing his whole duty and urging his men on to victorv. In him his country has lost a most intelligent and gallant officer." (542,543) Report of Col. J. C. Marrast: "Cap- tain Gaines, Company C, was killed, gallantly leading his company. " On Monday morning, April 7 th, the regiment CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 127 w»s 143 strong. The following officers and privates are — .cntioned for being particularly conspicuous for soldierly '.T.iring and bravery during the two days' action: Com- ;Any A — Capt. John C. Weedon, Lieut. J. M. Whitney, Corps, Alexander Inman (killed), S. V. Cain (wounded), W. D. Sumner (wounded), Privates J. L. Penley, J. J. Fau>;ht Company B— Capt. J. D. Nott, Privates Bartlett .Xndcrson (wounded), H. C. McMillan. Company C — Cipt. A. L. Gaines (killed). Private Frank Allen. Com- •.i^ny H — Private William West. Company I — Capt. A. P. !.<'VC (wounded). First Sergt. S. J. Skinner. Company E— Capt. J. R. Northcott, Sergt. R. J. Moore (wounded), Corp. James M. Tedder (wounded). Company K — Capt_ H. R. Hart, Lieut. R. L. Myrick (wounded). Privates A.iron Coffey, Monroe Bro\\Ti. Company D — Capt. E. H. Armistead, Capt. R. J. Hill . (wounded), Adjt. E. F. ■ Tr.ms (wounded), Sergt. -Maj. 'Nott,Quartermaster-Sergt. C. I. Michailoffsky. (7SS) Gardner's brigade, Bragg's irmy, June 30th. (839) Mentioned in report of Gen. Joseph Wheeler; skirmish near Farmington, May loth. (S53) Mentioned in report of Col. Jos. Wheeler, operations May jSth and 29th. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (764) Gardner's brigade with Gen. Lconidas Polk, August 18 and 20, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (633) Gardner's brigade, Bragg's »rmy, June 30, 1862. Vol. XX, Part i — (658) Withers' division, army of Ten- nessee, Stone's River campaign. (677) Casualties, 11 killed and 83 wounded. Among the killed, Lieuts. J. N. Smith and J. H. Wall. (973) Roll of honor, battle of M^virfreesboro, December 31 to January 2, 1863: Sergt. •y D. Sumner, Company A; Private William Sellers, '■■ -jiany B; Corp. J. L. Husbands, Company C; Sergt. '* T. Nelson, Company D; Sergt. P. A. ]\Ii:iton, Com- Wny E ; Corp. N. B. Walker, Company F ; Private J. R. |^"^ck, Company G; Corp. W. R. Larry, Company H; Private J. J. McVey, Company I ; Private J. N. Eilands, Company K. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735) Twenty-second and Twenty- n.th Alabama commanded by Lieut. -Col. Geo. D. Johns- ton, Deas' brigade, Polk's army corps, April i, 1863. <')4i) Co!. John C. Marrast in command, July 31st. (958) ''•'■;''--Col. Jolin Weedon in ccimmand, August 10, 1863. No. 5I_^,5) Deas' brigade, Bragg's army, September ■ ^ ■ 128 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 19 and 20, 1863. (335-337) Capt Harry Toulmin's report of the battle of Chickamauga: Went into action with 371 men; 44 killed and 161 wounded; total loss, 203. "Cap: J. D. Nott and Lieut. Waller Mordecai, of Company B, fell mortally wounded. No truer patriots ever lived; n>j better, braver soldiers ever died. Sergeant Leary, bravely bearing the colors, fell severely wounded. The color's were then seized by Lieutenant Leonard, and borne by him until wounded. They then fell into the hands of Lieutenant Renfroe, Company K, who gallantly carried them to the front and planted them almost within the enemy's line. We lost many brave spirits, none of whom deserve more honorable mention than Lieutenant Ren- froe, who fell pierced through the head, with colors in his hand. Here, too, fell our brave, our true, our loved com- mander, Col. John Weedon. Ha\-ing led with distin- guished coolness and bravery his command to within 20 paces of the enemy's line, he fell to rise no more. He fell beneath the honored folds of that cherished flag, under which he had so gallantly led his brave men. Private Bushnell, bearing the colors, rushed fearlessly to the front and in advance of the line, where he was literally riddled •with bullets. Where all did so well, both officers and men, it would be hard to di.scriminate, but I cannot fail to mention the coolness and gallantry of Adjt. W. G. Smith, and to express my appreciation of services rendered by him during the battle ; nor can I close without the honorable mention of Lieutenant Alichailoffsky, of Com- pany B, whose conduct was so worthy the cause in which "he fought, and whose gallantry was so conspicuous on every part of the field. I am proud to be able to state that the command displayed such conduct on the battle- field of Chickamauga as will entitle it to another star in the crown of glory it has already won." No. 56 — (617, S05, 8S6) Assignment as above, October to December, 1863. (S25) Total present, 272, December 14th. Lieut. -Col. Benj. R. Hart commanding. No. 74 — (640, 648, 656) Assignment as above, April to July, 1864. (663) Johnston's brigade, July 31, 1864, Capt. Isaac M. Whitney in command of regiment. (776,777) Report of Col. Harr>- Toulmin (commanding brigade) of operations, July 28, 1864, Atlanta campaign, say^: "We mourn the loss of many brave spirits who have gi\'cn up their lives in defense of their country's cause. Prom- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 129 mcnt among these was Col. B. R. Hart, of the Twenty- .<-cond Alabama reg-iment. It was in the first charge on !hc enemy's main line of works that he lost his life while j;.»U;intly leading on his men and cheering them to vic- t'-ry." (777,778) Report of Capt. I. M. Whitney, for July iSih, 5 killed and 35 wounded. " Lieutenant Leary, gal- Lintly bearing the colors, fell with the folds covering his IfKly. Lieutenant Stackpoole fell at the head of his C'ltupany. " No. 93 — (664) Deas' brigade. Hood's army, December 10. 1864. Regiment commanded by Capt. W. H. Henry. (f.S4) >Lij. E. H. Armistead wounded at Franklin, Novem- !h.t 30, 1864. No. 98 — (1064) Brantley's brigade, Lee's corps, John- »tun's army. After April 9, 1865. consolidated with the Twenty-fifth, Thirty-ninth and Fiftieth Alabama, under Col. Harry T. Toulmin. No. 100 — (734) Deas' brigade, army near Smithfield, N. C, commanded by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, March u. 1865. Regiment commanded by Capt. Isaac M. Whitney. THE TWENTY-THIRD ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment was armed by private enterprise and organized at Montgomery in November, 1861; first served at .Mobile and then in the Kentucky campaign. It took a prominent part at Port Gibson, May i, 1863, and lost heavily; was at Baker's Creek, May i6th; at Big Black, May 17th; and served in the trenches during the siege of Vicksburg, May iSth to July 4th. It joined the army of Tennessee in October, 1864, and fought at Lookout Moun- '-un und Missionary Ridge, November 23d to 25111; was with Johnston in his campaign in Georgia in 1864, and suffered very heavily at Jonesboro; was with Hood in Tennessee, and did splendid service in covering the re- treat of Hood's army from Nashville. The regiment last won distinction at Bentonville, March 19-21, 1865. Capt. J>>hn Stevens was killed at Port Gibson, Col. Franklin K. ''•■-ck at Resaca, Maj. A. C. Roberts at New Hope, Capt. '■■ liuttenield at Atlanta, and Captain Rutherford at II v y.. •' ■!:■• 130 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Jonesboro. Other field officers were Col. Joseph B. Bibb and Majs. Felix Tait, Francis McMurray, John J. Long- mire, G. W. Mathieson and James T. Hester. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI— (764,765) General Bragg, writing from Pensa- cola, Novembers, 1S61, says: "Colonel Beck's regiment, already armed by private enterprise, is ordered to report to General Withers at Mobile." (772, 819) Aggregate present, 674, December 2d. District of Mobile, c'om- manded by Gen. J. M. Withers. (S94) Sent to Knoxville by General Bragg, February 18, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (715, 719) Taylor's brigade, depart- ment of East Tennessee, Gen. Kirby Smith, June and July, 1862. (984) In Tracy's brigade, same army, Octo- ber, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part i— (684) Mentioned in Gen. S. D. Lee's report of battle at Chickasaw bayou, near Vicks- burg, December 28-29, 1862. (688,689) Col. W. T. Withers' report of same. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (825) Two companies mentioned in field report of General Tracy's command, January ^d at Chickasaw bluffs. No. 36— (664) Mentioned with commendation in Gen . J. S. Bowen's report of the battle of Port Gibson. Miss. May I, 1863. (673,674) Gen. M. E. Green's report of same battle: "All fought well and did their duty. All stood at their posts until ordered to leave. " (678-682) Men- tioned, I. W. Garrott's report of same battle. No. 37— (95-97) -Mentioned in Gen. C. L. Stevenson's report, battle of Champion's Hill, Miss.. May 16, 1S63. (101-103) Gen. S. D. Lee's report: "The enem'v was handsomely repulsed by the Twc-ntv-third Alabama recn- ment. Forty-sixth and Thirtieth, all under the gallant Col. F.K. Beck, having moved forward under a heavy tire and driven back a batter)- of the enemy. These three regi- ments behaved with distinguished gallantrj^. " (326) In Lee's brigade, army of Vicksburg, General Pemberton commandmg, July 4, 1S63. (343) Mentioned by General Stevenson m his report of siege of Vicksburg. (350-352) Gen. S. D. Lee says: "Regiment fought gahantly at the siege ot Vicksburg; Colonel Beck was particularly brave and vigilant." (352,353) Capt. A. C. Roberts' report of en- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 131 jjagement at Big Black river, May 17th. (354) Mentioned in report of Maj. G. W. Mathieson of same engagement. Colonel Beck had his leg badly broken by kick from horse. Lieut. M. A. Cobb, an efficient and gallant cfliccr, wounded in head. Seventeen were killed, 15 wounded; two of the latter died subsequently. No. 55 — (129) Mentioned by Gen. Gordon Granger at Orchard Knob, November 27, 1863. (662) In Pettus' brigade, Breckinridge's corps, army of Tennessee, Gen- eral Bragg commanding; Lieut. -Col. J. B. Bibb com- manding regiment, November 20, 1863. (724-726) Return of casualties, 2 killed and i6 wounded in the battles of Lcxikout Mountain and Missionary- Ridge, November 24th and 25th. No. 56 — (804, 823, 884) Pettus' brigade, Stevenson's division, army of Tennessee. Total present, 374, Decem- ber 14, 1863. No. 57— (482) General Pettus reports 7 wounded, i mortally, at Rocky Face, February 25, 1864. Nos. 58, 59, 74, 78 — Assignment as above, January to September, 1864. No. 93 — (665, 1224) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864, under General Hood. No. 94 — (799, 8or) Aggregate present 202, January 19, 1865. No. 98 — (1065) Assignment as above, after April 9th. Maj. Jas. T. Hester in command of regiment. (109S, 1099) General Pettus' report of Bentonville, March 19th, highly commends Col. J. B. Bibb for vigilance and activitj'. ^ No. 100 — (733) Pettus' brigade, Lee's corps, army of Tennessee. Hardee's army corps, near Smithfield, N" C, March 31, 1865. Maj. James T. Hester command- ing regiment. THE TWENTY-FOURTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment was organized at Mobile in August, 1861. In April it was ordered to Corinth, and was under fire at Farmington, May 9th, and Blackland, June 4, 1862. It was in the Kentucky campaign, but did not become •-•n^s'aged; lost heavily at Murfrecsboro, and was distin- guished at Chickamauga, where it lost over 30 per cent. ,J.^I. }l I 1 132 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. of its number, and at Missionary Ridge. It was with General Johnston in the campaign of 1864, and fought in most of the battles from Dalton to Jonesboro. It was at Columbia, Tenn., November 29th; at Franklin, Novem- ber 30th, and at Nashville, December 15th and i6th. Capt. W. B. Smith and Lieutenant Cooper were killed at Murfreesboro, Capt. Wm. J. O'Brien at Chickamauga, and Capt. John B. Hazard, mortally wounded at Mis- sionary' Ridge, was taken prisoner and died at Johnson's Island. Its commanders were Cols. William A. Buck and New- ton N. Davis, Lieut. -Cols. Benjamin F. Sa\vyer, Wm. B. Dennett, Geo. A. Jennison and Wm. M. LeBaron, Maj. Junius J. Pierce. Capts. S. H. Oliver and Thos. J. Kim- bell were at times in command of regiment. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI — (756) General Bragg, Mobile, October 25, 1861, says that "Colonel Buck's regiment has changed its time and tenure of service and is mustered in for twelve months." (819) Assigned to army of Mobile, General Withers commanding, department of Alabama and West Florida, Gen. Braxton Bragg, February i, 1862. (875,876) Aggregate present, 6S0, under orders from Fort Morgan to Corinth; report of Gen. Sam Jones, April 15th. Vol. X, Part I— (789) Gen. J. K. Jackson's brigade. General Bragg's army, June 30, 1862. Vol. XX, Part 1-^(659) Anderson's brigade, Polk's corps, army of Tennessee, December, 1S62. (678) Re- turn of casualties, 20 killed, 95 wounded, at battle of Mur- freesboro: Capt. William D. Smith killed. (696,697) Cap- tains of Twenty-fourth, Twenty-eighth and Thirty-fourth Alabama join in statement that these troops made the first, the second and the third charge at Murfreesboro. (758) General Withers' report of same battle says: "Pri- vate M. G. Hudson of the Twenty-fourth Alabama, long engaged in the assistant adjutant-general's office, ren- dered service on the field evidencing his fitness and capac- ity for a more responsible position. (973) Roll of honor, battle of Murfreesboro: Capts. W. D. Smith (killed). Company A; W. P. Fowler, F; John B. Hazard, 1; W. J. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 133 O'Brien, B. Lieuts. J. A. Hall, Company K; A. B. Kel- vin, D; R. T. B. Parham, H; A. Young, A. Sergt. Maj. Wil'liam Mink. Sergt. J. M. J. Tally, Company K; John Ives, A; Samuel S. Wiley, D. Privates Martin Duggan, Company B; Melbourn Deloach, C; Joseph Hall, E; Samuel M. Roberts (killed), F; A. W. Scott, G; James K. Green, H; N. Lankford (killed), I; A. Posey, K. Vol. XX, Part 2 — (403) November 14, 1862, regiment transferred from General Jackson's to General Duncan's brigade, Withers' division. (432) Fourth brigade. Col- onel Manigault, army of Tennessee, November, 1862. Lieut. -Col. W. B. Dennett commanding regiment. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (735) Assignment as above, April I, 1863. (942, 959) Manigault's brigade, Withers' divis- ion, Polk's army corps. Col. N. N. Davis commanding regiment, August, 1863. No. 51 — (15) Manigault's brigade, Bragg's army, battle of Chickamauga, September, 1863. (342-344) Men- tioned in General Manigault's report: "The Twenty- fourth Alabama lost one of its most efficient officers, Cap- Uin O'Brien, a gentleman of accomplished mind, and a brave and gallant officer. Captain Chamberlain and Lieutenant Cooper of same regiment were severely wounded and their valuable services will be for a long period lost to their country. Distinguished for their conduct were: Captains Hazard, Oliver, McCracken, Fowler and Hall; Lieutenants Higley, Chapman, Parham, Dunlap, Young, Enholm, Wood, Hanley, Northrup and Short; Adjutant Jennison and Sergeant-Major Mink. Color-Sergeant Moody behaved with great gallantr}-. " (345-347) CoL N. N. Davis' report of same battle mentions the above names, also that of Lieutenant Nettles. Speaks highly of the otTicers and gives those of the men who behaved with great gallantry during the entire day: Sergeant Neil and Private Crevillan, Company A; Ser- Rcants Wylie (killed) and Moody, Company D ; Sergeant Bumpers and Private Hall, Company E ; Corporal Sweat and Private Boswell, Company F; Privates J. ]\L Ragland and C. P. Hurtel, Company G ; Corporal Tatum and Private Smith, Company H ; Sergeant New and Private ^y alters. Company I; Sergeant Tally, Privates Wilson, Carter, Scott, Love, Eubank and Fulmer. in fact, all of this company (K). J. B. Hall, a youth of 17 years of age, joined his brother's company (Company K) as an inde- 134 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. pendent volunteer and fell mortally wounded while gal- lantly fighting the enemy some distance in advance of the regiment. The regiment went into action with an aggregate of 381, and lost, killed 22, wounded 91, miss- ing 3. (349) Mentioned in report of Colonel Reid, Twenty-eighth Alabama. (534) Roll of honor: Privates Andrew Crevillari, Company A; Peter Cusac, B; G. C. Wells, C; Sergt. George Moody (color-bearer), D; Pri- vates Thomas Hamilton, F; William Ginnery, H; Wil- liam W. Meadow, I. (Companies E, G, and K declined selecting.) No. 55 — (659) Assignment as above, November 20, 1863. No. 56 — (617, 805, 825, 886) Assignment as above, December, 1863, Col. N. N. Davis commanding. Total present, 278, December 14th. No. 58 — (589)] Assignment as above, January 20, 1864, Lieut. -Col. Ben F. Sawyer commanding. No. 59 — (623) Orders given by General Forrest ordered revoked, March 14, 1864. (869) Assignment as above, April 30th. No. 74 — (640, 649, 656, 663, 671) Assignment as above. to August 31, 1864. (781) General Manigault in report of battle, July 28, 1864, speaks of "Twenty-fourth Ala- bama, Capt. S. H. Oliver;" says: "Lieut. Geo. A. Jenni- son, acting assistant adjutant-general, severely wounded, was conspicuous for courage and energy." (783, 784^ Captain Starke H. Oliver's report of Twenty-fourth Ala- bama, same day, says: "Col. N. N. Davis had been appointed division officer of the day." Loss was 2 killed, 14 wounded. Lieut. Andrew Young, of Company A, was wounded while leading to the charge. Lieutenant Bp.rbour, of Company F, was wounded while leading his men and fell into the hands of the enemy.. (787) Men- tioned in report of Captain Home for July 2 2d and 28th. No. 93 — (664) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864, Capt. Thomas J. Kimbell in command of regiment. No. 98 — (1064) Consolidated with Twenty-eighth and Thirty-fourth, under Col. John C. Carter. No. 100 — (734) Assignment as above, March 31, 1865, Lieut. L. A. Lavender in command of regiment. THE TWENTY-FIFTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment, made up of Loomis' and McClellan's battalions, was organized at Mobile, December, 1S61. It CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. laS was engaged at Shiloh, April 6th and 7th, at Fanning^on, M.iy 9th, and at Bridge creek, May 28th and 29th. Al- though with General Bragg in Kentucky, it did not take part in any serious action. At Murfreesboro, December 3 1 St to January 2, 1863, it was distinguished and suffered severe losses in both officers and men. It was at Chick- fmauga, September 19th to 20th, and at Missionary Ridge, November 23 to 25, 1863; fought with Johnston in the Georgia campaign in 1864, and was particularly noted for its brilliant record at New Hope, May 25th to June 4th, especially in the battle of the 25th. In Hood's first sortie from Atlanta, July 2 2d, and the second sortie at Ezra Chapel, July 28th, the regiment lost half its force. It was engaged in the battles at Columbia, November 29th; at Franklin, November 30th, and at Nashville, December 15th to i6th. Fought at Kinston, March 14th, and Bentonville, N. C, March 19 and 21, 1S65. It was consolidated about April 9th with the Twenty-second, Thirty-ninth and Fiftieth Alabama under Colonel Toulmin, and was surrendered at Greensboro, N. C. Among its killed and wounded were Captain Harper, who fell at Shiloh ; Capts. Archibald A. Patterson and l>. P. Costello, and Lieuts. W. C. Gibson and H. B. Schofield, who were killed at Murfreesboro. Its commanders were Cols. John Q. Loomis and George D. Johnston, afterward brigadier-general, and Lieut. - Col. William B. McClellan. Maj. Daniel E. Huger, at ^"c time in command, was killed at Chickamauga while ser\'ing as assistant inspector-general on General Man- igaulf s staff. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol VI — (772) First Alabama battalion of infantry. Col. John Q. Loomis. Aggregate present, 367, district of .\labama, Gen. Jones M. Withers commanding, De- cember 2, 1861. (S19) In army of Mobile, GeneralWith- <-•! s commanding, February i, 1S62. 136 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Vol. X, Part I— (383) Gladden's brigade, Withers' division, army of Mississippi, battle of Shiloh. (53S, 539) Mentioned by Colonel Deas, of the Twenty-second Ala- bama, commanding brigade. He calls attention to ilaj George D. Johnston and Adjutant Stout. (539, 540, 544) Report of Col. J. Q. Loomis of same battle. On account of sickness, he had but 305 men. The regiment did its duty. Maj. George D. Johnston and Adjutant Stout are worthy of all praise. Specially mentions Capt. Pierre Costello and Lieuts. P. H, Smith and Thomas G. Slaugh- ter. Sergeant Schofield captured two flags, and Pri\-ate Vann was the first at a battery, and took the color-bear- er's horse. (7S8) Gardner's brigade, Bragg's army, Jui-.e 30, 1862. (853-858) Col. Joseph Wheeler's report of oper- ations. May 28th and 29th, gives i killed, i wounded. Lieut. -Col. G. D. Johnston commanding regiment. Vol. X, Part 2 — (764) Assignment as above, August, 1862. Vol. XX, Part i — (658) Deas' brigade. Withers' division. Polk's corps, army of Tennessee, battle of Murfreesboro. (677) Return of casualties, 16 killed, 89 wounded. Lieuts. W. C. Gibson, A. A. Patterson and H. B. Schofield, killed. (754-75'') Mentioned in General Withers' report; thanks Capt. D. E. Huger, assistant adjutant-general, for service. (973) Roll of honor, battle of ISIurfreesboro : Sergt. Isaac N. Rhoades, Company A; Privates Warren A. Jackson, B; Samuel Ellison. C; James A. Mote, D; Serg'ts. J. F. Coker (killed). Company F; Patrick H. Smith, G; Pri- vates Marion F. Hazlewood, Company H; Charles W. Roper (killed), I; J. B. Peacock (killed), K. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735) Deas' brigade, Withers' division, Polk's aiTny, April i, 1S63, Twentv-second and Twenty-fifth Alabama under Lieut. -Col. G. D. Johnston. (942, 958) Assignment as above, to August 10, 1S63. No. 51— (15) Assignment as above. (337, 338) Colonel Johnston's report of battle of Chickamauga, Septemoer 19th and 20th, says the regiment bore itself to his satisfac- tion. It carried into the engagement, aggregate, no. Lost, killed 15, wounded 95. No. 56 — (617, S05, S25, 886) Assignment as above, October to December, 1863. No. 59 — (869) Assignment as above, April 30, 1864. ^No. 74 — (640, 64S) Assignment as above, to June 30, 1864. (663) Johnston's brigade, Lee's corps, army of CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 137 Tennessee, July 31, 1864. Capt. Napoleon B. Rouse in command of regiment. (671) Deas' brigade, army of Tennessee, August 31, 1864. (778-779) Captain Rouse's report of operations, July 2 2d and 28th. On the 22d it carried into the fight 273 men; killed, wounded and miss- inp, 113, including two color- bearers. On the 28th it carried into the fight 1 73 men ; killed, wounded and miss- ing, »3, including two color-bearers. No. 78 — (853), No. 93 — (664) Assignment as above, to December 10, 1864. No. 98 — (1064) Brantly's brigade, Lee's corps, Johns- ton's army. After April 9, 1865, consolidated with Twenty-second, Thirty-ninth and Fiftieth, under Colonel Toulmin. THE TWENTY-SIXTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Twenty-sixth Alabama infantry was organized at Tuscumbia in December, 1861. Its companies were recruited from the counties of Fayette, Marion, Walker, Winston, and the upper portions of Tuscaloosa county. While yet in camp of instruction at Tuscumbia, two of its companies, under the command of Maj. John S. Gar- vin, were ordered to Fort Donelson, where they were cap- tured; but, being released, rejoined their command in the spring, the regiment having in the meantime been trans- ferred to the army of Northern Virginia and attached to Rodes' brigade of immortal memory, and served under Stonewall Jackson and R. E. Lee. Many of the officers had already seen service in the Fifth Alabama, Colonel Rodes, and they were glad to be associated with their old command. From the siege of Yorktown, April 5 to May 3, 1S62, in which it took part, until the close of the war, the regi- ment was always in the battle front and won imperish- able renown. It fought in the battles around Richmond. The regiment was led in the battle at Williamsburg, May 5th, by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. It was distinguished at Seven Pines, May 31st and June ist. It fought at Mcchanicsville, June 26th: Gaines' Mill, June 27th and 138 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 28th; Frayser's Farm, June 30th; Malvern Hill, July ist. In these engagements nearly half the regiment were killed or wounded. It was in the van of the army when it moved over the Potomac, and fought at Boonsboro, September 15th, and at Sharpsburg, September 17th. At Fredericksburg, December 13th, it displayed its accus- tomed valor, and led by Lieutenant-Colonel Garvin, its gallant Colonel O'Neal being in command of the brigade, it shared the honor with the Fifth Alabama of being the first to charge and win the enemy's works at Chancellors- ville, capturing three batteries. Forced to fall back, it lost its colors, but returning, drove the enemy back and recovered them. The praise of the Twenty-sixth was on every tongue and every report teemed with commenda- tion of its valor. It was at Gettysburg, July i to 3, 1863; Kelly's Ford, August 1st; and Mine Run, November 26th to 28th. In the spring of 1864, the regiment was ordered on special duty to Dalton, Ga., and afterward assigned to General Johnston's command. It took part in the Atlanta campaign, always preser\'ing its reputation and •winning fresh laurels with every battle. The regiment was in Tennessee with Hood and was badly crippled at Nashville, only a small remnant being left to surrender at Greensboro, N. C. Its colonels were William R. Smith, who resigned his commission to take a seat in the Confederate Congress : Edward A. O'Neal, afterward brigadier-general and twice elected governor of Alabama, a gallant officer who was wounded at Seven Pines, Boonsboro and Chancellors- ville. The lieutenant-colonels were John S. Garvin, William H. Hunt and William C. Reeder; the majors, R. D. Red- den and David F. Bryan. Lieutenant-Colonel Garvin was wounded at Chancellorsville and Franklin. Capt. Sid- ney B. Smith was wounded seven times. Capt. Thos. Taylor and Lieut. R. K. Wood were killed at Chancellors- ' CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 139 \-ille; Lieuts. John Fowler and W. L. Bran yon were killed at Gettysburg. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VII — (137) Alabama battalion, Major Garvin, a detachment of the Twenty-sixth regiment, mentioned among the troops at Fort Henry, February 12, 1862, by General Tilghman. (148-150) Alentioned in Colonel Hei- man's report of fall of Fort Henry and surrender of Fort Donelson. (358-364) Report of Gen. Bushrod Johnson of capture of Fort Donelson, mentions two companies of Twenty-sixth Alabama in Colonel Drake's brigade, among the troops surrendered February i6th. Vol. XI, Part 2— (484) In Rodes brigade. Hill's divis- ion, Stonewall Jackson's corps, during the engagements around Richmond. (505) Medical director reports 18 killed and 109 wounded, June 26 to July i, 1862. (625) General Hill's report of battle of Gaines' Mill, June 27th, says that the Fifth and Twenty-sixth captured a battery in their front. He also quotes from General Rodes' report. (630-633) General Rodes' report of same battle says: "The Fifth and Twenty-sixth Alabama were espe- cially distinguished for their great courage ; no troops ever acted better;" also says: "The Fifth and Twenty- sixth always in the lead, under its brave Colonel O'Neal." Gives in list of casualties, 4 killed, 28 wounded, at Gaines' Mill; 13 killed, 73 wounded, at Jilalvem Hill. (634, 635) General Gordon's report of battle of Malvern Hill calls especial attention to the conduct of Col. E. A. O'Neal; gives casualties, 10 killed, 76 wounded. (638) Mentioned in Col. B. B. Gayle's report of Gaines' Mill. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (393) The Twenty-sixth Alabama, Colonel Smith, ordered to report to General Magruder at Yorktown, March 24, 1862. (404) ]\Iagruder informed that Twenty-sixth Alabama, unarmed, will join him at Yorktown and be armed by him. (427) General Wilcox informed that the Twenty-sixth Alabama, Colonel O'Neal, will be sent to reinforce Yorktown, April 7th. (482) Two hundred and eighty-three strong within post at Yorktown, April 30th. (533) In Rains' brigade, Johnston's com- mand, May 2ist. (650) In Rodes' brigade, Stonewall J.t^jkson's command, July 23d. Vol. XIX, Part i— (S08) In Rodes' brigade, Jackson's 1 140 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. corps, army of Northern Virginia, September, i86; (1018-1030) General Hill's report of Maryland campai-:i makes several mentions, and says that Colonel O'Xea! who was wounded at Seven Pines, was again wounded at South Mountain and Sharpsburg, and Major Redden. wounded at South Mountain ; says that these officers are especially deserving of mention. (1033- 1039) General Rodes' report of battles of Boonsboro and Sharpsburg refers several times to regiment. Vol. XXI — (541) Assignment as above, July, i86j. (560) Medical director reports 4 wounded, battle of Fred- ericksburg. (1073) Assignment as above, December 20th. No. 39 — (792) Assignment as above. May, 1863. Com- manders, Col. E. A. O'Neal, Lieut. -Col. John S. Garvin and Lieut. M. J. Taylor. (807) Medical director reports 13 killed, 85 wounded, battle of Chancellorsville, May 4, 1863. (939-950) In General Rodes' report he praises the regiment in high terms: "In this charge the gallant Lieut. -Col. John S. Garvin fell desperately wounded, inside the works." Casualty returns, 12 killed, 77 wounded. Capt. Thomas Taylor and Lieut. R. K. Wood killed. (950-953) Col. Edward A. O'Neal's report of oper- ations of Rodes' brigade from April 29th to May 6th. (954,955) Col. J. M. Hall'sreportof battle of Chancellors- ville says: "Justice demands that I should mention Lieut.- Col. John S. Garvin, commanding the Twenty -sixth Alabama, who was severely, if not mortally, wounded while gallantly leading his regiment, and giving the high- est evidence of that coolness and skill which should ever characterize the true soldier." (958, 959, 961) Mentioned in Capt. T. M. Riley's and Samuel B. Pickens' reports. (964,965) Col. John S. Garvin's report notices the braver^' and gallantry of Maj. D. F. Bryan and the braverv' of Lieuts. John Fowler and Willis Keenum; also the gal- lantry of Mr. G. M. Reck, a guest, who entered the ranks as private and did good service. (965,966) Report of Lieut. M. J. Taylor (commanding regiment after the lieutenant-colonel and major were wounded) says: "It is hard to say who acted the most noble part. Some among the bravest fell at the redoubts." (1053) Roll of honor, battle of Chancellorsville: First Lieut. E. S. Stuckey, Company B; Privates L. Walters, A; Jos. H. Bounds, B; Scrgt. J. H. Lockwill, C; Privates J. C. Pennin.gton, D; Joseph Munsel, E; James H. Dowdle, F; Corp. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 141 Jesse Parsons, G; Private D. H. Spraddle, H; Sergt. H. Butler, I; Private B. F. Smith, K. j^o. 44 — (287) O'Neal's brigade, Rodes' division, army of Northern Virginia, July, 1S63. Lieut. -Col. John C. Goodgame commanding brigade. (332, 342) Medical director reports 5 killed, 41 wounded, battle of Gettys- burg, July ist, 2d and 3d. Regimental reports give total loss 130. (545-553) Mentioned several times in General Rodes' report. (563) Lieuts. John Fowler and W. L. Branyon killed at Gettysburg. (592,593) Col. E. A. O'Neal s;iys: "On July 23d, about 3 o'clock, the Fifth, Sixth and a part of the Twenty-sixth Alabama regiments, with the corps of sharpshooters, imder Major Blackford, assisted in repelling three separate and distinct charges of the enemy." (601,602) Col. John C. Goodgame says: "I was detailed to take command of the Twenty-sixth Alabama regiment on June 26th at Chambersburg, Pa." Gives loss, 7 killed, 58 wounded. No. 48 — (399, 818) Battle's brigade, Rodes' division, Second army corps, Lee's army, September and October, 1863. (412) The Bristoe, Va. , campaign; casualties, 3 wounded. (891) Mentioned by Maj. A. Proskaner in his report of battle at Mine Run, November 26th and a7th. (892,893) Col. J. S. Garvin's report of same. No. 58— (629) Letter from General Polk to Colonel Jack, January 28, 1S64, says that "O'Neal's Alabama regiment is to go to Montgomery." (726) Special order. No. 36 — Colonel Swanson's regiment will form part of Battle's brigade to relieve Colonel O'Neal's regiment of same brigade. No. 60 — (1133,1134) Reply to General Lee, January 31, 1864, to Hon. Thomas J. Foster and others, who ask that the Twenty-sixth be transferred to that State: "This regiment has done most excellent service and is worthy of any compliment the State can bestow upon it. I do not see how the good of the service can be promoted by detaching this regiment and breaking up a veteran bri- gade which has just set the glorious example in this army of re-enlisting for the war. ... If Colonel O'Neal desires duty in some other army, I will interpose no objection. ... I have a just appreciation of his gallantry and worth. . . . General Rodes' whole division acted at Chancellorsville with distiniruished gallantry." (1149) Joint resolution of thanks from Congress to Battle's bri- 142 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. gade, February 6, 1S64. [Sec Extracts under Third re^ment.] (1176) General Winder, February 15, 1864. orders Colonel CNeaFs regiment to furnish guards tu convey prisoners to Camp Sumter, Ga. No. 66 — (484, 4S7) General Cooper, May 14, 1864. orders Twenty-sixth Alabama, then at Andersonville. to be sent to Dalton. (496) Twenty-sixth Alabama has left Andersonville for ]\Iontgomery, May 2 2d, before order to go to Richmond arrived. No. 67 — (1024) Reported as belonging to Battle's bri- gade, Rodes' division, army of Northern Virginia, May, 1864. No. 68 — (loii) Twenty-sixth Alabama, Colonel O'Neal, ordered to proceed immediately to Richmond, May 15, 1864. No. 74 — (646, 653, 665, 671) In Cantey's brigade, army of Mississippi, June to August, 1S64. (940) Colonel O'Neal (commanding brigade), reporting battle of June ayth, says: "The enemy attempted to charge our line of skirmishers commanded by Capt. Sid. B'. Smith, but did not succeed in approaching more than from 30 to 100 yards and were handsomely driven back. In this affair we had none killed and but 8 wounded. Captain Smith, his officers and men behaved with great gallantry and firmly held their line. " (941,942) Colonel CNeal's report of engagement at Peachtree Creek, July 20th, gives loss 279 killed, wounded and missing. (942,943) Colonel O'Neal's report of engagement, July 28th, says: "I can- not close this report without acknowledging my obliga- tions to Capt. Sid. B. Smith, acting on my staff." List of casualties, which was large, not found. No. 75— (704, 728, 762) Col. E. A. O'Neal ordered to report with his regiment to General Johnston. No. 93 — (666) In Cantey's brigade. General Shelley com- manding, Walthall's division, army of Tennessee, Gen. J. B. Hood commanding, December 10, 1864. No. loo — (773) General order. No. 13, April 9, 1865, leaves regiment in Shelley's brigade, near Smithfield, N. C. No. 104— (11 34) Gen. P. D. Roddey, March 20, 1865. says he had requested transfer of regiment to his com- mand. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 143 THE TWENTY-SEVENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Twenty-seventh Alabama regiment was organized at Fort Heiman, in Tennessee, in the winter of 1861. It was sent to Fort Henry, then to Fort Donelson, where it was captured, though many of the command, being sick in the hospital, escaped the surrender and joined a Mis- sissippi regiment. The captured men were exchanged in September, 1862, and were at Port Hudson during the winter. The regiment fought bravely at Baker's Creek, May 16, 1863, in the Jackson trenches, and in the retreat across Pearl river; passed the winter of 1863 at Canton. In the spring of 1864, when recruiting at Tuscumbia, it crossed the river and captured a Federal camp, with all the horses, arms and men. Beginning with Dalton it fought through the Georgia campaign with the army of Tennessee; at Peachtree Creek made a glorious record for dauntless courage ; John E. Abernathy there captured the colors of a New Jersey regiment. li fought with heroism at Franklin, and again at Nashville. The regiment in the summer of 1864 was consolidated with the remnants of the Thirty-fifth and Forty-ninth (after April 9, 1865 ; also the Fifty-fifth and Fifty-seventh, under Col. Ed. McAlexander), and was surrendered at Greensboro, N. C. Col. A. A. Hughes was captured at Fort Donelson; afterward died in the service. Colonel Ives was wounded at the battle of Franklin. Capt. W. A. Isbell, and Lieut. T. S. Taylor were killed at Baker's Creek. Capt. William Wood was killed at Per- ryville. Commanders: Cols. A. A. Hughes, James Jack- son, and, after consolidation, S. S. Ives, Lieut. -Col. Ed- ward McAlexander, Maj. R. G. Wright. Colonel Jack- son was for a time in command of Loring's division. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VII — (137-138) Mentioned several times in General Tilghman's report of bombardment of Fort Henry, Feb- ruary 6, 1862. (148-150) Mentioned by Colonel Heiman, : I • 144 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. commanding- brigade. (279) Mentioned in General Pil- low's report of the battle of the trenches, February loth. (358-365) Report of Gen. Bushrod R. Johnson makes several mentions. (367-369) Report of R. B. Ryan, aide. (868) Assigned in general orders, No. i. Fort Donelson, February 9, 1862. Vol. XV — (934) General orders, No. 5, Port Hudson, La., January 7, 1863, assigns regiment to General Beall's brigade. (1033) Buford's brigade, department of Missis- sippi and Easi Louisiana, Gen. Franklin Gardner, March 31, 1863; Col. James Jackson commanding regiment. (1037) Ordered to proceed without delay to Jackson, Miss., to report to General Pemberton, April 6, 1863. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (737) Ordered to report for duty at Meridian by Gen. Sterling Price, army of the West, October 26, 1862. No. 37 — (82-87) Report of General Buford of operations around Edwards depot (Baker's creek). May 16, 1863: Captain Isbell, Company G, and Lieut. T. S. Taylor, Company I, killed. No. 38— (613) In Beall's brigade, district of Louisiana (746) General orders, April 15, 1863, assigning regiment to General Buford's brigade. (782) Ordered to Clinton, Miss., April 24th. (786) Order regarding regiment, April 2sth. (793) Order to Colonel Jackson from Gen- eral Pemberton, April 27th. (805) With General Tilgh- man at Big Black bridge, April 30th. (937, 1040) Bu- ford's brigade, Loring's division, army of Mississippi, July 30, 1863. Nos. 53 and 56— Assignment as above. Gen. Jos. E. Johnston commanding army. No. 5 7— (333) Assignment as above, Polk's army, Feb- ruary 20, 1864. (626-662) Colonel Jackson's report of engagement at iMoultun, March 21st, "i killed, i woundeti badly, several sliglitly. " (662) Mentioned in report of Col. S. S. Ives of skirmish near Florence, April 12, 1S64. No. 58— (5S3) Assignment as above, June 20, 1864. (816) Detached from Buford's brigade, to proceed to Selma and report to General Withers, February 29, 1864. No. 59— (114, 389, 429, 441) Mentioned by General Dodge (Union), at Moulton, April, 1864, "Johnson's, Jackson's and Nash's regiments are from 5,00c to 7,00c strong." {623) Mentioned by General Polk, Dcmopolis, March 14th. (669) Engaged at iloulton, March 21st. CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY. 145 (726) Colonel Jackson ordered by General Polk to fall back, March 31st. (735, 750, 752) Mention of regiment. (783) Letter of Lieut.-Col. J. W. Estissays: "Colonels Jackson and Ives, with 100 men each, crossed the Ten- nessee river on night of 12th of March, surrounded a camp of 48 Yankee cavalry; killed 4, captured 42 — a whole company and officers — 65 good horses, saddles and arras of company, losing i man killed, none wounded." (806-807) Letter from Colonel Jackson, dated Mount Hope, April 21st. No. 74 — (645, 652) Scott's brigade, army of Mississippi, June, 1864, Lieut.-Col. Ed. McAlexander commanding regiment. (659) Twenty-seventh. Thirty-fifth, Forty- ninth, consolidated, commanded by Col. S. S. Ives, Scott's brigade, army of Mississippi, June 30th. (664, 670) Scott's brigade, Stewart's corps, August, 1864. (877) General Loring's report of battle of Peachtree Creek, July 20th, says: "The regiment captured the colors of the Thirty-third New Jersey regiment and twice cap- tured a four-gun battery. This brilliant charge of my gallant division was made so rapidly and with such intre- pidity, that, up to this time, we had sustained but com- paratively a small loss. . . . The enemy fled in confusion from his works. Our steady aim produced great slaughter in the ranks. " (895) General Scott's report of same bat- tle gives 2 killed, 3 1 wounded. Expresses admiration of the dauntless courage exhibited by men and officers. (896) Colonel Ives' report of same battle says the colors were captured by John E. Abernathy. No. 78 — (569) Col. George B. Hodge, Selma, Ala., May 2d, says: "On April 20, 1864, regiment (consolidated) on detached service." (854) Assignment as above, Septem- ber 20, 1864. No. 93 — (666) Scott's brigade. Colonel Snodgrass com- manding, Lieut.-Col. John D. Weedon in command of regiment. Hood's army, December 10, 1S64. (684) Col. S. S. Ives, commanding Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fifth and Forty-ninth (consolidated), wounded at battle of Frank- lin, Tenn., November 30, 1864. No. 98 — (1063) Consolidated with Thirty-fifth, Forty- ninth, Fifty-fifth and Fifty-seventh Alabama, under Col. Edward McAlexander; after April 9th, in Shelley's brigade, Stewart's corps, Johnston's army, i No. 100 — (735) Scott's brigade, commanded by Capt. ! 146 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. John A. Dixon: consolidated regiment commanded by | i Capt. W. B. Beeson, Johnston's army, near Smithfield j N. C, March 31, 1865. THE TWENTY-EIGHTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Twenty-eighth Alabama was organized at Shelby Springs in March, 1862, to serve for three years. It was assigned to the army of Mississippi, brigaded under Gen- eral Trapier, shortly afterward receiving Colonel Mani- gault for its brigade commander. At Corinth, prostrated by the usual camp diseases, its ranks were perceptibly thinned by sickness and death. The regiment went into Kentucky with General Bragg, and at Munfordville, September 16, 1862, was greatly praised for the alacrity of its obedience and the calm, cool, heroic courage of its officers and men. At Mur- freesboro, December 31st to January 2d, it led, with the Twenty-fourth and Thirty-fourth, three separate charges of the brigade, losing heavily. At Chickamauga, Sep- tember 19-20, 1863, its conduct was superb, as described in the official reports. At the battle of Lookout Mountain, November 24th, the regiment found itself in a tight place, nearly sur- rounded by the enemy, but it succeeded by desperate fighting in extricating itself with a loss of 172 killed, wounded and captured. At Missionary Ridge, Novem- ber 25th, it was again engaged. During the winter of 1863-64, while wintering at Dalton, the regiment re-en- listed and afterward took part in the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, and the Tennessee campaign. At Ezra Chapel, July 28, 1864, the second sortie from Atlanta, the regiment fought with its usual valor. At Franklin, November 30th, it was again engaged, and at Nashville, losing heavily. The remnant of the regiment, with those left of the Twenty-fourth and Thirty-fourth, after having fought together throughout their service, were consolidated under Col. J. C. Carter, Lieut. -Col. Starke CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 147 H. Oliver and Maj. P. G. Wood, and were surrendered at Greensboro, N. C, with Gen. S. D. Lee's corps. Capt. W. M. Hawkins was killed, and Capt. G. W. Hewitt wounded, at Alurfreesboro; the latter was again wounded at Chickamaug-a, as was also Capt. James H. Graham. Capt. F. A. Musgrove was wounded at Mur- freesboro. Lieutenant Jordan was killed after perform- ing prodigies of valor at Chickamauga, Capt. W. R. Mc- Adory at Missionary- Ridge, Capt. William A. McLeod at Atlanta, Capt. H. G. Loller at Resaca, and Capt. John F. Wilson at Franklin. Capt. John H. Turpin was woundecl and captured at Murfreesboro. Its commanders were Col. J. W. Frazer, a West Point graduate, who first served as lieutenant-colonel of the Eighth Alabama; resigning his colonelcy of the Twenty- eighth, he was made a brigadier-general and was captured at Cumberland Gap; Col. J. C. Reid, Lieut. -Cols. T. W. W. Davis, transferred to the navy, and W. L. Butler, who was wounded and captured at Nashville; Colonel Carter, Lieutenant-Colonel Oliver and Major Wood, after the- consolidation with the other regiments. EXTRACTS FRO.M OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I— (78Q) Fourth brigade. Col. A. M. Mani- gault commanding, reserve corps, General Withers, army of the Mississippi, June 30, 1862. Vol. X, Part 2 — (461, 549) Assignment as above. Gen- eral Trapier commanding brigade, April 28, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part i — (899) General Wheeler's report of operations, October 19, 1862, says: "It was the only occa- sion where any infantry engaged the enemy after the battle of Perrj'ville, " (983) Col. John W. Frazer, com- manding the regiment, says in his report of the siege of ilunfordville, Ky. , September 16: "It gratifies the com- manding officer to be able to say that the men and officers were calm, cool and cheerful during the entire day and obeyed ever>' command with great alacrity and prompt- ness." (98S) Mentioned in report of Col. A. J. Lythgoe of same operations. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — {764) Manigault's brigade. Withers' H , . 1 148 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. division, army of the Mississippi ; Lieut. -Col. John C. Reid commanding regiment, August, 1862. Vol. XX, Part i — (659) Anderson's brigade. Withers' division, army of Tennessee, Stone's River campaign. (678) Return of casualties, battle of Murfreesboro, De- cember 31, 1862, 17 killed, 88 wounded. (696) Twenty- eighth, with the Twenty-fourth and the Thirty-fourth, led the first and second charges in battle of Murfreesboro. (697) Col. A. M. Manigault, commanding Fourth bri- gade, says: "The Alabama regiments partook in all attacks, as my report will show, and I again take this opportunity of bearing testimony to the heroic courage and fortitude displayed by them on that bloody field (Murfreesboro). The general conduct of all the regi- ments on that occasion was such that I can draw no dis- tinction between them. " (973) Roll of honor: Private Top- ley Murphey, Company B: Sergts. Elias Wood, Company G; W. B. Curry, Company K; Wm. E. Short, Company L. Other companies made no selections. Vol. XX, Part 2 — (419, 43-) Assignment as above, November. 1862. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (733, 942, 959) Twenty-eighth in Polk's army corps, April to August, 1863. July 31st, Maj. W. L. Butler commanding regiment. No. 51 — (15) Assignment as above, September 19-20, 1863. (340, 344) General Manigault's report of battle of Chickamauga. Major Butler in command of skirmishers from all the regiments. ' ' Twenty-eighth and Thirty-fourth moved steadily forward, also receiving a heavy fire, and drove the enemy from the v;orks in front. . . . They fell back with an unbroken front. However, Colonel Reid moved his regiment forward, recovering the battery. Lieutenant Jordan conducted himself in a conspicuous manner, and, I regret to say, was killed. Captains Hop- kins and Ford, Lieutenant Graham and Acting Adjutant Wood, were distinguished for their gallant conduct. Cap- tain Reese and Sergeant Craig were efficient." He calls especial attention to the conduct and bearing of Col. J. C. Reid and Maj. W. L. Butler. (347, 351) Colonel Reid's report of battle of Chickamauga. One gun belonging to -Waters' battery was left because of an accident. Lieu- tenant Graham, Captains Hopkins and Ford volunteered, made the attempt and brotic;ht out the piece. "The regi- ment was under heavy fire from the enemy in its front CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 149 and on its left flanL At this critical moment, when humanity itself almost prompted a retreat. Gen. Bushrod Johnson's brigade moved upon the right of our brigade. and with the troops on our right, at sunset, we made one last desperate assault and drove them, routed, demoral- ized, from the field. The colonel commanding takes pride and gratification in returning his thanks both to the officers and men of his command for the promptness and alacrity with which they obeyed all his commands. Men never fought more gallantly than did my com- mand. I cannot find words adequate to express the weight of obligation I am under to them for their heroic conduct." He also desires to return his thanks to the medical department for the zeal and faithfulness with which they labored to relieve the pain and distress of the wounded. He expresses his thanks to the ordnance for the promptness with which they discharged their duty; also to Capt. Carlos Reese and Sergt. William Craig, of the commissary department. "The memory of Lieut. C. S. Jordan and his brave comrades who fell on the field nobly battling for the rights of freemen shall ever be cherished with the kindest remembrance by their com- mander. Men who sacrifice life and all they hold dear on earth in such a cause can never be forgotten, and deserve to live forever. " (351-354) Report of Maj. John N. Slaughter. (534) Roll of honor, battle of Chicka- mauga: Privates George Aubrev, Companv A; J. R. Gai- ther, B; First Sergt. ^W. H. Logan, C ; 'Privates C. D. Goolsby, D; R. F. Sumner, E; Corp. David Knox. F; First Sergt. W. J. Wilson, G; Privates Rosea Vines, H; L. P. Wright, I; Sergt. James R. Smith, K; Private Jacob Smith, L. No. 55 — (65 9) Assignment as above, November 20, 1863. No. 56 — (61;) Assignment as above, October 31, 1H63. (805) Manigault's brigade, Breckinridge's corps, army of Tennessee, December loth. (825, 886) Total present, 276, in December. No. 58 — (5S9) Manigault's brigade, Hindman's division, army of Tennessee, commanded by Gen. J. E. Johnston, January 20, 1864. Regiment commanded by Capt. Hugh G. Lollar. No. 74 — (640, 649, 656, 663, 671) Manigault's brigade, Hindman's 'division. Hood's corps, Lieut. -Col. William L. Butler commanding regiment, April to August, 1864. 150 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. (781) Mentioned in General Manigault's report of en- gagement at Ezra Chapel, July 28th. (783, 785) Return of casualties, 4 killed, 24 wounded. ( 785-787 ) Mentioned in Major Slaughter's and Capt. E. W. Home's reports. No. 93 — {664) Manigault's brigade, Johnston's division, Lee's corps, army of Tennessee, General Hood, December 10, 1864. No. 98 — (1864) Consolidated with Twenty- fourth and Thirty-fourth, under Col. John C. Carter, about April, 1865. No. 103 — (939) Furlough for 10 days, approved by Gen- eral Beauregard, January 28, 1865. THE TWENTY-NINTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fourth Alabama battalion was organized during the fall of 1861, at Montgomerj-. In February, 1862, two companies were added and the organization became known as the Twenty-ninth Alabama. It was drilled in artillery practice; remained at Pensacola until the evac- uation ; was between Pollard and Pensacola and at Mobile for about a year, in Cantey's brigade, which was trans- ferred to the arm J' of Tennessee in the spring of 1864, and took part in the battle of Resaca, May 13th, where it fought brilliantly. At New Hope it lost heavily, and at Pcachtree Creek it met with fearful slaughter. At Atlanta, July 2Sth, again its loss was terrible. It went with Hood to Tennessee, and was at Franklin and Nash- ville; in both battles its loss was great. Later it was transferred to the Carolinas, fought at Kinston and Bentonville, and with less tlian 100 men surrendered at Greensboro. Capts. Berry G. Brown, John M. Hanna, Ulee W. Mills and J. C. Hailey were killed at Atlanta; Capts. E. Orear and John Allen at Franklin; Capt. Berry G. Brown at Nashville; Capts. William H. Musgrove, B. F. Sapps, Hugh Latham and J. B. Lowell died in the service. The field officers were : Col. J. R. F. Tattnall, transferred to the nav\', and Col. John F. Conoly, Lieut - Col. Benjamin Morris, and Maj. B. Turner, wounded at Atlanta. I: CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI — (662) Col. Thomas M. Jones (acting briga- dier-general) in his report of the evacuation of Pensacola, May 9, 1862, commends the conduct of Lieut. -Col. J. F. Conoly. The regiment, with some other companies, guarded railroad. (665) Order, May 9th, to Lieutenant- Colonel Conoly regarding destruction of public, and pres- ervation of private property in Pensacola, and reply of Conoly. (844) Order, March 7th, to Lieutenant-Colonel Conoly regarding destruction of public property in Pensa- cola. (848-S49) Orders concerning Lieutenant-Colonel Conoly's command. (858) Lieutenant-Colonel Conoly with his command at Pensacola, ]\Iarch i6th. Vol. XV — (850) Connected with detachment of observa- tion, General Forney's troops in district of the Gulf, October 31, 1862. Brigade commanded by Col. J. R. F. Tattnall. (1068) Eastern division. Gen. James Cantey. Conoly in command of regiment. No. 42 — (39, 131, 157, 275, 402, 511, 561) Assignment as above, June to December, 1863, under General Maury. {156) Regiment is drilling as artillery, August 10, 1863. (431) General Maury proposes to send the Twenty-ninth, a "fine, large regiment," to General Bragg, November 2 1 St. No. 53 — (s) Mentioned as busy at Pollard, October, 1863, by General Hurlbut (Union). No. 58 — (582) Assignment still as above, January 20, 1864. No. 59 — (866, 872) With Cantey's brigade, joined army of Tennessee from department of Gulf, and encamped at Rome, Ga., April, 1S64. No. 74 — (644, 646, 653, 660, 665, 671) Cantey's brigade, Loring's division, army of ^ilississippi, with General Johns- ton. Maj. Henry B. Turner commanding regiment, June, 1864. Capt. Samuel Abernathy in command of reg- iment, August. (941-942) Col. E. A. O'Neal, in report of the battle of Peachtree Creek, July 20th, refers several times to the regiment and says: "Each regimental com- mander bore himself gallantly, and I regret to state that Major Turner was severely wounded." (942-943) Col. E. A. O'Neal's report of the engagement, July 28th, speaks of Capt. J. A. Foster in command, and mourns the death of Caotain Hanna, a valiant and meritorious officer. 152 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 78, No. 93 — Assignment as above, to December 10, 1864. No. 98 — (1063) With army in North CaroHna. After April 9, 1865, the Twenty-ninth was commanded by Alaj. Henry B. Turner, in Lowrey's brigade, Stewart's corps. No. 100 — (735) ConsoUdated with First and Seven- teenth, Capt. Benj. H. Screws, Quarles' brigade, Walt- hall's division, Stewart's corps. (773) General Johnston, near Smithfield, N. C. , announces change in assignments, Twenty-ninth to be in Shelley's brigade. THE THIRTIETH ALABAMA INFANTRY The Thirtieth was organized at Talladega in April, 1862, and reported for service at Chattanooga. It was later brigaded under General Tracy with the Twentieth, Twenty-third, Thirty-first and Forty-sixth Alabama regi- ments. It took part in the fights at Tazewell and Cum- berland Gap, and went into Kentucky; then being sent to Mississippi, fought at Port Gibson, May i, 1863, with severe loss, making a brilliant record there and at Baker's Creek; it was captured when Vicksburg fell, after having suffered untold hardships. When paroled, it recruited and joined the army near Chattanooga. It fought at Rocky Face and at Resaca, and was in the van of the army in the Tennessee campaign of the fall and winter of 1864. At New Hope, May, 1864; Atlanta, July 22d, and Jonesboro, the regiment lost heavily; but it suffered still more severely at Nashville, whence it formed the rear guard in returning to Duck river. The regiment was transferred to the Carolinas, fought at Kinston and Ben- tonville, March 19, 1865, surrendering at last at Greens- boro, with about 100 men. This regiment was noted for the number of its field officers killed. Its field officers were Col. Charles M. Shelley, who was made brigadier-general and who afterward served in the United States House of Representatives; Col. James K. Elliott, wounded at Bentonville ; Lieut. -Cols. Paul Brad- ford, who resigned; A. J. Smith, who was killed at Vicks- ; ' . V I. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 15S burg; John C. Francis, killed at Rocky Face; Thomas Patterson, killed at Atlanta, and William H. Burr; Maj. William Patterson, who was wounded at Baker's Creek and resigned. Capt. Henry Oden was killed at Vicks- burg, Captain Peacock at Bentonville, Capt. David An- derson at Baker's Creek, Capt. William S. McGhee at At- lanta, and Capt. Jack Derrill near Atlanta. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (715) Second brigade. General Ste- venson's division, department of East Tennessee, Gen. Kirby Smith, June 30, 1S62. (719, 984) Barton's brigade, department East Tennessee, July to October. Vol. XVII — (S25) Fieldreport, near Vicksburg, Tracy's brigade of Smith's division, January 3, 1863, shows regi- ment 400 strong. No. 36 — (67S-682) Colonel Garrott in his report of battle of Port Gibson, May i, 1863, commends the regiment in the highest terms: "Commanded by the cool, brave and gallant Colonel Shelley and the five left companies of the Twentieth regiment under the immediate command of the fearless and chivalrous Lieut. -Col. E W. Pettus, had obstinately resisted every effort of the enemy to dislodge them. . . . All officers and men did their whole duty. It seemed to be impossible for men to behave better; but certain positions gave some better opportunities for dis- tinction than others. This was particularly the case with the Thirtieth Alabama re.giment. ' ' He thanks Sergt. -Maj. W. K. McConnell for his services. No. 37 — (95) Mentioned by Gen. C. L. Stevenson, reportof battle of Baker's Creek, May 16, 1863. (1Q1-103) Report of Gen. S. D. Lee, of same battle, says: "Regi- ment behaved with distinguished gallantry against hea\'y odds." Particularly mentions Colonel Shelley and Maj. T. H. Patterson, and Capt. David M. Anderson, who was killed. Adjutant Houston and Sergt. -Maj. W. K. Mc- Connell particularly noticed. (326) Gen. S. D. Lee's brigade, army of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863, Capt. John C. Francis commanding regiment. (350) General Lee in his report of siege of Vicksburg, commends the regiment for its gallantry and vigilance. Particularly mentions Col- onel Shelley, Lieut.'-Col. J. B. Smith and Capt. John C. 154 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Francis. (354) Mentioned by Maj. G. W. Mathieson. (357-358) Mentioned in report of Col. T. N. Waul. [See Extracts, Twentieth Alabama.] No. 38 — (612, 703) Tracy's brigade, Stevenson's division, department of Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana, General Pemberton, January to April, 1863. (1059) Lee's brigade, army of Vicksburg, August 29, 1863. No. 55 — (662) Pettus' brigade, Stevenson's division, army of Tennessee, General Bragg, November 12, 1S63. (724) Return of casualties, November 24th and 25th, 4 killed. 17 wounded. (725-727) Mentioned in report of Gen. J. C. Brown, commanding Stevenson's division, of battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary- Ridge. No. 56 — (804, 823, 8S4) Assignment as above, Decem- ber, 1863, Hardee's army corps. Total present, 506. Maj. J. C. Francis commanding regiment. No. 57— (482-4S3) Gen. E.W. Pettus, February 25, 1864, reports one man wounded. No. 74 — (641-672) Assignment as above, to August 31, 1864. No. 93 — (665) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864. Lieut. -Col. James K. Elliott commanding regiment. (694-697) Mentioned by General Stevenson in his report of campaign in Tennessee, September 29th to December 1 7th. No. 94 — (799, 801) Aggregate present, January', 1865. 275. Stevenson's division, Lee's corps, commanded by Gen. E. \V. Pettus, January 20th. No. 100 — (733) Pettus' brigade, Colonel Bibb command- ing, army of Tennessee. Capt. S. C. Kelly commanding regiment, March 31, 1865. THE THIRTY-FIRST ALABAMA INFANTRY. This regiment was organized at Talladega, 'April, 1862, and reported at Chattanooga; proceeded with the army at Knoxville, took part in the fight at Cumberland Gap, June 18, 1862, and at Tazewell, August 6th. It was in Ken- tucky, but not in the midst of the fighting. In Missis- sippi it fought well and suffered heavy loss at Port Gibson. It suffered all the privations of the long siege of Vicksburg and was surrendered with that place, having lost severely : when exchanged, was assigned to the army of Tennessee and brigaded under General Pettus; took a prominent ^' M«) CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 155 part in the Dalton- Atlanta campaign. It went with Hood into Tennessee, suffering severely at Columbia and Nash- ville, and was in the rear guard of the army on its return. Sent into the Carolinas, it fought brilliantly at Bentonville with considerable loss, and finally surrendered at Greens- boro, with but a small remnant of the over-full regiment that started out. Capt. W. L. Hughes was wounded at Jonesboro; I. J. Nix wounded and captured at Baker's Creek and again wounded at Jonesboro. Lieutenant Bagley (commanding company) was killed at Bentonville; Capt. W. J. Rhodes wounded at Kinston and Bentonville; Lieut. \V. H. Boggess killed at Vicksburg; Capt. S. L. Arrington died in service. The field officers were Col. Daniel R. Hund- ley, wounded and captured at Port Gibson and again cap- tured at Big Shanty, Ga. ; Lieut. -Col. Thomas M. Arring- ton and Maj. G. W. Mathieson. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 2— (573) Col. D. R. Hundley, unattached, May 31, 1862. Department of East Tennessee, Gen. Kirby Smith, headquarters Knoxville. (5S1) To be sent toward Chattanooga, under certain circumstances, June 3d. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (697) Hundley's regiment especially askedfor by Adjutant-General Belton, Knoxville, June 22, 1862. (716, 719, 984) Barton'sbrigade, with Gen. E. Kirby Smith, to October, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part i— (695) Colonel Thomas, in his report of battle at Chickasaw baj'ou, December 27, 1862, says: "Regiment behaved well." Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (825) Eight companies only arrived at Chickasaw bluffs, January 3, 1863, 2C0 strong; Smith's division commanded by General Tracy. No. 36 — (586) Mentioned in report of James Keigwin (Union), battle of Thompson's Hill, May i, 1863. (678, 682) Mentioned in Cul. Isham W. Garrott's report of battle of Port Gibson, May ist. Col. D. R. Hundley, having ven- tured too far in front of his line in search of a better posi- tion nearer to the enemy, was severely \v(Hinded, and the command devolved upon Lieut. -Col. T. M. Arrington. 156 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 37 — (95) Mentioned in report of Gen. C. L. Steve: son, battle of Champion's Hill, May 16, 1863. (loi, 103) Mentioned by Gen. S. D. Lee. Serg't.-Maj. W. W. Garrard particularly noticed. (326) Gen. S. D. Lee's brigade army of Vicksburg, Gen. J. C. Pemberton, July 4, 1863 Lieutenant-Colonel Arrington commanding regiment (350, 352) General Lee's report, siege of Vicksburg: " The Thirty-first Alabama attracted my attention by their good conduct. Lieutenant Arrington in command of a battery was gallant and vigilant." (353) Mentioned in report of Col. A. C. Roberds, siege of Vicksburg. (354) Report of Maj. G. W. Mathieson, commanding regiment, gives loss 21 killed and 37 wounded, and says; "The officers andmer in the command submitted to the hardships and priva tions of the siege with great endurance and patience." No. 38 — (612) Tracy's brigade, Stevenson's division to April, 1863. (1059) Lee's brigade, Stevenson's divi sion, August 29, 1S63. No. 55 — (662) Pettus' brigade, Stevenson's division Breckinridge's corps, army of Tennessee, General Bragg Missionary Ridge. (724) Casualties, November 24th and 25th, 2 killed, 16 wounded. (731, 732) Mentioned in report of General Pettus. No. 56 — (804, 823, 884) Pettus' brigade, Hardee's corps, army of Tennessee, December, 1863. Total present, 452. No. 57 — (482) Casualties in demonstration at Dalton, February 25, 1864. 2 wounded. No. 59 — (869) Assignment as above, April 30, 1864. No. 73 — (69) Mentioned in Col. E. A. Carmen's (Union) report of the laattle of Resaca, May 15, 1864. No. 74 — (641-672) Assignment as above, Hood's corps, during Atlanta campaign. Capt. J. J. Nix commanding regiment, June 30th. ^Laj. Geo. W. Mathieson command- ing regiment, July loth. No. 93 — (665, 1224) Assignment as above, Lee's corps, December 10, 1864. No. 94 — (799, 801) Total present, 180, January 19, 1865. Lieut. -Col. Thos. ^L Arrington commanding regiment. No. I0C3 — (733) Pettus' brigade, commanded by Col. Jos. E. Bibb, Lee's corps, army of Tennessee; regiment commanded by Maj. Geo. W. Mathieson, March 31, 1865. No. 104 — (1134) General Roddey asks for the parts of these regiments that are at home, March 20, 1865. r'vV .'. . CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 157 THE THIRTY-SECOND ALABAMA INFANTRY. The rendezvous of the regiment was at Mobile, where it was organized in April, 1862. In July it was sent into Tennessee, and received its baptism of fire at Bridgeport, where it crossed the river. It was this regiment that captured Stevenson, Tenn. It was in middle Tennessee under General Forrest, and was overpowered and lost a number of prisoners at Lavergne, October, 1862. The regiment met severe loss at Murfreesboro and its roll of honor is a long one. It was sent to the relief of Vicks- burg, and did valiant work in the trenches at Jackson, where, in repulsing an attack of the enemy without loss, it slaughtered 260. It rejoined the army of Tennes- see and at Chickamauga suffered severely. During the winter of 1863-64, the regiment was transferred from Adams' to Clayton's brigade and consolidated with the Fifty-eighth under Col. Bush. Jones, and took part in the Atlanta campaign; was with Hood in Tennessee, tak- ing part at Franklin twice, at Columbia and Nashville. Transferred to the district of the Gulf under General Maury, it suffered serious losses during the siege of Spanish Fort and was finally surrendered at Meridian. Capt. G. W. Cox was severely wounded at Missionary Ridge, and Lieuts. J. J. Keith and Hiram Slay were killed at Murfreesboro. The field officers were Col. Alexander McKinstr}-, Lieut. -Col. Harry Maury, captured at Lavergne, wounded at Murfreesboro and Jackson, afterward transferred to the command of the Fifteenth Confederate. After con- solidation, Col. Bush. Jones was in command; he was pro- moted and succeeded by Maj. Harry Thornton, and later by Maj. John C. Kimbell. Majs. Thomas P. Ashe and Thomas S. Easton were also among its officers. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. • i ' ' Vol. XVI, Part i— (S89-S91) Report ot Gen. S. B. r. -1 1 158 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. I i Maxey of attack at Bridgeport and Battle Creek, August ^ 27, 1862: " I ordered the Twenty-third Alabama infan- ; I try, Colonel McKinstry, to cross the river. They crossed ; and formed in line of battle near the crest of the hill. The enemy's cavalry dashed forward at full speed and were permitted to come within 50 yards of the infantry before a gun was fired, when a galling fire was poured into them and they retreated. ... A company of the Thirty-second Alabama, armed with the Enfield rifle, commanded by Lieut. A. Sellers, was placed in the cen- ter, in ambush, and as the enemy came up the hill, in very close range, this company arose and delivered its deadly fire simultaneously with the wings, and they (the enemy) broke and fled in perfect confusion. . . . The Thirty-second Alabama did nobly, fighting like veterans tinder their able colonel (McKinstry), seconded by Lieu- '■ tenant-Colonel Maun,', distinguished for gallantry and I coolness on the field. Our loss was trifling. " (952) Lieu- I tenant-Colonel Maury informs General Jones that after 1 a few hours' fighting, the enemy was driven from » Stevenson and place occupied by our troops, August 31st. ^ Vol. XVI, Part 2— (762) August 17, 1862, to be left at f Chattanooga, in Maxey 's brigade, under Maj.-Gen. Sam Tones. (764) Gen. J. K. Jackson's brigade, army of the Mississippi, General Polk, August 18-20, 1862. (857) Gen. Sam Jones leaves Colonel McKinstry in command at Chattanooga, September 20, 1862. (862) Lieut. -Col. H. Maurj- ordered to take part at Tullahoma, September 2ist. (864) Guards of Thirty-second to be relieved by Colonel Russell's cavalry, September 21st. (886, S90) Instructions to Colonel McKinstrj'. (907) Lieutenant- Colonel Maury ordered by General Jones to move regi- ment to Murfreesboro, October 4th. (918) Mentioned by General Jones. (929) Ordered to report to General Forrest, October 9th. (931) General Jones inquires re- garding Lieutenant-Colonel Maury and regiment. (938) Lieutenant-Colonel Maury and 35 men reported captured at Lavergne, October. (981) Regiment assigned to Second brigade, Col. J. B. Palmer, army of Middle Ten- nessee, October 28, 1862, General Breckinridge. Vol. XX, Part i — (659) Daniel W. Adams' division, Hardee's corps, army of Tennessee, December and Jan- uary, 1863. (67S) Return of casualties, battle of Mur- freesboro, December 31st, 21 killed, 84 wounded. Lieuts. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 159 J. J. Keith and Hiram Slay killed; 2 killed January 2d. (793, 794) Mentioned in report of same battle by General Adams: "Lieut.-Col. H. Maury was wounded in the side with a minie-ball while leading his men, with his colors in his hand, and deserves praise for his gallant conduct. Lieut. J. L. Chandler deserves great praise for his cour- age and coolness under the trying circumstances in which he was placed." (795-799) Reports of Col. Ran- dall L. Gibson. Regiment held in reserve January- 2d. Several times mentioned. Aggregate present, January 8th, 261. (800) Report of Lieut.-Col. Henry Maury: "Adjt. John L. Chandler acted with conspicuous gal- lantry-. Officers and men all did their duty." (802) Mentioned in Maj. J. E. Austin's report. (973) Roll of honor, battle of Murfreesboro: Private James Clem- ens,* Company A; Corp. Vincent H. Joiner, B; Private Edmund Davis, C; Corp. John C. Oliver,* D; Private Reuben Dumas, E; Private' Nathaniel F. Wheeler,* F; Corp. James H. Dove, G; Private Alfred C. Hulls, H; Sergt. Geo. W. Vansandt, I ; Corp. Elijah P. Gabel,* K. Vol. XX, Part 2— (419, 431) Second brigade, Col. J. B. Palmer, Breckinridge's division, Polk's corps, army of Tennessee, General Bragg, November, 1862. (456) Adams' brigade, Hardee's corps, near Eagleville, Tenn. , December, 1862. (459) December 21st, assigned to duty with Preston's brigade until Adams' brigade joins division. No. 37 — (654) Casualties before Jackson, Miss., 1 wounded. (655, 656) Report of General Adams, engage- ment of July 12, 1863, gives great praise to regiment. Lieutenant-Colonel Maury was wounded. Capt. John C. Kimbell's report. No. 51 — (13) Adams' brigade, Breckinridge's division, Hill's corps, army of Tennessee, General Bragg, Chicka- mauga campaign. (197) Mentioned in report of General Breckinridge. (216-219) Mentioned in report of General Gibson of battle of Chickamauga; strength, 145. (219, 220) Maj. John C. Kimbell's report of September 20th, a wounded. (227) Mentioned in report of J. E. Austin. No. 53 — (661, 745) Clayton's brigade, army of Tennes- see. Casualties, battle of Missionary Ridge, November ^l to 25, 1863, 8 killed and 34 wounded. No. 56 — (618, 686) October 31, 1S63, regiment com- •Killed in action. "'' ' 160 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. manded by Capt. John W. Bell. Transferred to Clay- ton's brigade, Stewart's division, November 12th. (805, 824) Thirty-second and Fifty-eighth commanded by Col. Bush. Jones, December loth. Total present (consoli- dated), 325. No. 57 — (479) Casualties at Rocky Face mountain, February 24 and 25, 1864, 3 killed, 31 wounded. No. 74 — (641, 649) Assignment as above. (657, 664, 672) Holtzclaw's brigade, Clayton's division, July to August, 1864. (S32-834) Report of Gen. H. D. Clayton of engagements from May 7 to May 27, 1864 (Atlanta campaign), speaks of " their unexceptional conduct" at Resaca. "The Thirty-second and Fifty-eighth pushed up to within a few paces of the enemy's works without hesitation, though they knew what was before them, and the fate they would certainly encounter." List of casualties for the consolidated regiments gives 3 killed and 36 wounded. (841, 844) Report of Col. Bushrod Jones of operations May 7th to 28th: " Lieut. John H. Jones was unhurt in the fight, but was captured while endeavor- ing to have our wounded brought off the field. . . . Lieut. J. G. Goldthwait was wounded in wrist and Capt. G. W. Cox had his left thigh broken. My command behaved with rare and exemplary gallantry. " May 15th, strength 345; killed 15, wounded 54; May 25th, strength, 225; killed 3, wounded 36; total, 18 killed, 90 wounded. No. 78 — (854) Assignment as above, Hood's army, September 20, 1864. Maj. Harry L Thornton, of Fifty- eighth Alabama, in command of consolidated regiment. No. 79— (879) Total present, 240, November 7, 1864. No. 93 — (665) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864. No. 103— (1046) Holtzclaw's brigade, district of the Gulf, General Maury, March 10, 1865. ..No. 104 — (1131) Consolidated regiment, under Major Kimbell, directed to hold command in readiness to skir- mish with enemy and, if hard pressed, to fall back in Spanish Fort, March 20, 1865. (1132) Near Hollywood, March 20, 1865. THE THIRTY-THIRD ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-third, organized at Pensacola, in April, 1862, was sent to Corinth soon after the battle of Shiloh. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 161 It took part in the Kentucky campaign at the capture of Munfordville, September 17th, and suffered heavy loss at Perryville, October 8th. It was greatly distinguished at Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863. The brilliant record of the regiment was again established at Chickamauga, September 19th and 20th, where it lost 133 men. The Eighteenth battalion, Major Gibson, had been attached to the regiment and amalgamated with it, so that henceforth their history is identical, and in this battle perished the gallant leader of the battalion. The roll of honor of the organization is a long and creditable one. The regiment was at Lookout Mountain, November 24th, Missionary Ridge, November 25th, and Ringgold, Novem- ber 27th. Worn, weary, many of the men barefooted, the regiment never lost its spirit, but fought on to the end with the same undaunted bravery. It wintered in Dalton and took part in all the battles and skirmishes from there to Chattanooga, always in the front. Its gallant Colonel Adams was killed at Atlanta, July 22, 1864. With Hood in Tennessee, the regiment lost heavily, its strength of 285 men being reduced to less than 80: The regiment was transferred to North Caro- lina and surrendered at Smithfield. Adjutant Stalworth died at Tupelo; Adjt. A. M. Moore and Capt. William S. Sims were killed at Chicka- mauga; Capt. William E. Dodson at Kenesaw; Capt. J. D. McKee at Perryville; Capts. John C. Norman and W. E. Cooper in a railroad accident. Among the field officers were Col. Samuel Adams, killed at Atlanta, and Col. Robert Crittenden; Lieut. - Cols. Daniel H. Horn, and James H. Dunklin, who was wounded at Chickamauga. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I— (788) Hawthorn's brigade, Hardee's corps, army of the Mississippi, General Bragg, June 30, 1862. AU 11 '» . X 162 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Vol. XX, Part i— (660, 680) Wood's brigade, Cleburne's division, army of Tennessee, at battle of Alurfreesboro. 14 killed and 86 wounded. (85 1) Report of General Cleburne of operations December 26 to January 3, 1863: Col. Samuel Adams, Capts. W. E. Dodson and Thomas Seay, severely wounded; Sergt.-Maj. Mizell mortally wounded, Corp. Isaac R. Smith, Company C; Sergeant Stewart, Company H ; Private Boyd, Company I ; Foster, Company E, and Riley, Company D, specially mentioned. (896-900) Mentioned by Gen. S. A. M. Wood, in report of same battle, who speaks very highly of Col. Samuel Adams. (903, 906) Colonel Adams, in his report 01 Murfreesboro, says: " For nine days my men were con- tinually marching in line of battle, or actually en- gaged in fighting; very frequently slept in the rain without tents, and during the whole time not a word of complaint was heard. The men acted very bravely in battle, many of them when the regiment was moving forward utterly regardless of their safety, and were at all times far in advance of the line. In these engagements Capt. W. E. Dodson, commanding Company C, and Capt. Thomas Seay, commanding Company K, acted with much coolness and bravery, being in all forward move- ments in advance of the regiment, cheering their men forward. Near the close of December 31, 1862, Captain Seay fell, severely wounded. Sergeant-Major Mizell, at his own request, carried a gun into action on 31st, and took position near the colors; he fell, mortally wounded, in the first charge, in advance of the regiment, cheering the men forward. Corp. Isaac R. Smith, Company C, Sergeant Stewart, Company H, Private Boyd, Company I, Private Foster, Company E, Private Riley, Company D, each acted with much coolness and bravery durin,:^ the engagements." Vol. XXIII, Part i— (590) On picket near Wartrace, June 25, 1863, Gen. St. John R. Liddell's report. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (942, 959) Woo'd's brigade, Cleburne's division. Hill's corps, Bragg's army. Au- gust 10, 1863, Lieut. -Col. R. F. Crittenden commanding regiment. No. 51 — (12) Assignment as above, September 19-20, 1863, together with Eighteenth (Gibson's) battalion. (159-163) Mentioned in (ien. S. A. M. Wood's report ot battle of Chickamauga. (165-167) Report of Col. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 163 Samuel Adams, Thirty-third regiment, commanding also Gibson's (Eighteenth) battalion, of battle of Chicka- mauga gives i6 killed and 133 wounded. "Officers and men acted very gallantly." Mentions particularly Cap- tain Dodson, Company C, and Captain Hammett, Com- pany D, as most distinguished for coolness and bravery. "Adjt. A. M. Moore was killed on the 19th, and Maj. J. H. Gibson, Gibson's battalion, was mortally wounded on the 20th. Both of these were brave and efficient offi- cers, and in their death the country has sustained much loss." (167-169, 17s) Mentioned in Col. E. B. Breed- love's and Lieutenant Goldthwaite's reports. (534) Roll of honor, battle of Chickamauga: Capt. W. E. Dod- son, Company C; Capt. B. F. Hammett, D; Private W. R. Mock, A; Private J. D. Pevey, C; Sergt. C. L. Sessions,* D; Private P. H. L. Lewis,* E; Third Sergt. Richard R. Bush,* G; Corp. Alexander R. Bell, H; Pri- vate W. E. Hatten, I; Private William Harris, K. Roll of honor of Gibson's battalion: First Lieut. L. S. Mathews, Company B; Corp. R. A. Jones, A; Private Silas P. Dutton, B ; Private George Ridley, C. No. 55 — (660) Lowrey's brigade, Bragg's army of Ten- nessee, November 20, 1S63. (755, 769) Mentioned in Generals Cleburne's and Lowrey's reports of battle of Ringgold Gap, November 27, 1863. (770, 771) Report of Col. Samuel Adams, loss 2 killed, 9 wounded. Had several men engaged in fight who had marched from Missionary' Ridge entirely barefooted. No. 56 — (618, 823, 885) Assignment as above. Total present, 536, December 14, 1863. No. 74 — Assignment as above, during Atlanta cam- paign. (725) Mentioned in General Cleburne's report of operations. May 27, 1864. (731-735) Mentioned in Gen- eral Lowrey's report of the engagements from July 20th to September ist, gives 7 killed and 38 wounded: " It was about 9:30 o'clock of this day (July 21st) that the gal- lant Col. Samuel Adams, Thirty-third Alabama regiment, was instantly killed by a Yankee sharpshooter. This true patriot and Christian hero — a perfect specimen of a soldier and gentleman — who had distinguished himself on many well-fought fields, fell at his post, leax-ing his gallant regiment to feel as orphans, and many other friends and •Killed in action. 164 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. comrades in arms to mourn an irreparable loss." Lieut. - Col. Robert F. Crittenden then took command. No. 93 — (667) Assicjnment as above, December 10, 1864. Sixteenth, Thirty-third and Forty-fifth Alabama under Colonel Abercrombie. No 98 — (1063) First Alabama (consolidated Sixteenth, Thirty-third and Forty-fifth), Col. Robert H. Aber- crombie, April 9, 1865 ; Shelley's brigade, Stewart's corps, Johnston's army. No. 100 — (773) Transferred from Lowrej''s to Shel- ley's brigade, near Smithfield, N. C, April 9, 1865. THE THIRTY-FOURTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-fourth Alabama infantry was organized at Loachapoka, April 15, 1862, went to Tupelo to join General Bragg's army, and was attached to Manigault's brigade, which assignment, with the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-eighth, it retained throughout the war, being at the end consolidated with these regiments. It proceeded with the army into Kentucky, but being on the reserve did little fighting. Its first battle experience— and it was a bitter one — was at Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862. The regiment went in early spring to East Ten- nessee ; was at Chickamauga, September 19 and 20, 1S63 ; at Missionary Ridge, November 25th, many of the com- mand were made prisoners. In the winter of 1863-64 it recruited at Dalton, and next was in all the severe en- gagements from thereto Atlanta where, July 20th to 28th, its losses were hea\y. It did not take part in the worst of the fight at Franklin, November 30th, but at Nash- ville, December 15th and i6th, it was almost annihilated. Going into the Carolinas it fought at Kinston, March 14, 1865, and at Bentonville, March 19th. Consolidated with the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-eighth, it was surrendered at High Point, not more than 100 men being left of the regiment that started out on that bright spring morning, three years before, with overflowing ranks. Lieut. -Col. John N. Slaughter and Capt. John S. Burch were wounded at Atlanta; Capts. R. G. Welch at CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 165 Chickamaug-a, W. G. Oliver at Jonesboro, W. H. Hol- stcin, J. Maury Smith and Jno. R. Colquitt at Atlanta. Capt. J. B. Bickerstaff was killed at Murfreesboro. Field officers: Col. Julius C. B. Mitchell, Lieut.-Cols. James W. Echols, J. C. Carter; Majs. John N. Slaughter and Henry McCoy. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I — (789) Manigault's brigade, Withers' division, army of the Mississippi, June 30, 1862. Head- quarters at Tupelo, Miss. Vol. XX, Part i— (659) Manigault's brigade, Withers' division, army of Tennessee, battle of Murfreesboro. (678) Casualties, December 31st to January 2d, 11 killed, 77 wounded. (696, 697) Statement of field officers of the Thirty-fourth, Twenty-eighth and Twenty-fourth Ala- bama, and endorsement of their bravery by General Mani- gault (973) Roll of honor, battle of Murfreesboro: Corp. S. J. Numney, Company A; Privates J. R. Brown- ing, C ; C. P. Greer, D ; James Shehom, E ; S. W. Re>Tiolds, F; J. G. Wtialey, G; T. N. Cloud, H; B. R. Covington, L; J. G. Metts, K. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (735-959) Assignment as above, April I, 1863, with Twenty-eighth Alabama under Col. J. C. Reid. Maj. J. N. Slaughter commanding regi- ment, July; Colonel Mitchell in command, August. No. 51 — (15) In Manigault's brigade, left wing. Gen- eral Longstreet, at battle of Chickamauga, September 19 and 20, 1863. Maj. John N. Slaughter commanding regi- ment. (341-344) Warmly commended by General Mani- K'ault, who highly compliments Major Slaughter. (348-350) Colonel Reid speaks of great service rendered by Lieutenant Mitchell and 30 of his men. (351-354) Major Slaughter says: " I feel it incumbent upon me to notice some special instances of gallantry. I would mention the names of Captain Burch, First Lieutenant Mitchell, Second Lieutenants Lambert, Oliver, Crockett and Bickerstaff; among the non-commissioned officers and privates. Sergeant Carlton, Company A, who was killed; Color-Corporal Ferguson, Company C; Color- Corporal Wellington, Company U, who was wounded •■vhilc bearing the colors ; Privates Adams, Company B, wounded; Riddle, Company B; Bone, Company F; 166 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Salmon, Company G, who was killed while leading in a charge on a battery. I was ably assisted by Acting,' Assistant Adjutant Cobb and Captain Carter " (534) Roll of honor, battle of Chickamauga: Sergts. J. L. Carlton, Company A; A. C. Ferguson, Company C; Privates W. M. Johnson, Company E ; G. W. Smith, G ; W. A. Houston, H ; S. H. Pitts, I ; Sergt. W. H. Long, Company K. Companies B and F declined making selection. No. 55 — (659) Assignment as above, at Missionarj- Ridge. No. 56 — (617, 886) Assignment as above to December, 1863, Colonel Mitchell in command of regiment, Decem- ber loth. Total present, 3 SB men, December 14th. Regi- ment commanded by Capt. R. G. Welch. No. 58 — (589) January 20, 1864, Capt. J. C. Carter commanding regiment. No. 74 — (640, 671) Manigault's brigade, Lee's corps. army of Tennessee, Hood, July 31, 1864. Capt. Henry J. Rix commanding regiment. August 31, 1864, JMaj. J. N. Slaughter commanding. (781) Mentioned in Gen- eral Manigault's report, battle at Ezra Church, July 28th. (783) Casualties, 14 killed and 46 wounded at Ezra church. {785-787) Maj. John N. Slaughter, in his report of the operations of July 28, 1864, speaks with great admiration and highest appreciation of the conduct of his regiment. He says: "We labored under great difiBculties. The regiment was nearly without water, not having time to fill their canteens before going into action. They had marched two or three miles without resting. In this, as in most other engagements, the regiment has suffered from rapid movements, just before going under fire." Major Sl;ur.,rhtcr commends very highly Captains Welch and Rix, Lieutenants Bickerstaff and Craig, Ser- geant Wright, Company A, and pays a beautiful tribute to Sergeant-Major Tinsley, who fell near the enemy's works. He says that it will probably not be his lot to again command this regiment, which " has conducted itself so well on all occasions and under all emergencies. that it has only to be known that it was engaged to know that it has done well," but he hopes their next com- mander may find them as faithful and gallant as he has. No. 93 — ((>6.i) Assignment as abi_)ve, December 10, 1864, Lieut. -Col. John C. Carter commanding regiment. COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 167 f^'o. 98 — (1064) Consolidated with Twenty- fourth and Twenty-eighth, under Col. John C. Carter, about April 9, 1865. THE THIRTY-FIFTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-fifth regiment was organized at La Grange in April, 1862 ; ordered to Corinth, it was brigaded under General Breckinridge, and went to Louisiana under his command. It took part in the engagement at Baton Rouge, August sth, where the regiment lost heavily and displayed the superb character of its officers and men. At Port Hudson it was highly complimented by General Breckinridge. At Corinth, October 3d, its losses again were hea\'y and General Van Dorn praised its work. It fought in Loring's division at Baker's Creek, and, after the siege of Jackson, was ordered to Tennessee, but was sent back to Mississippi early in 1864. It took part in the fighting in Georgia and the battles around Atlanta. Under Hood at Decatur it lost heavily, and at Franklin, November 30th, lost a large proportion of its force. At Nashville, December 15 th and i6th, its loss was compar- atively small. It went into the Carolinas and was sur- rendered with the remnants of the Twenty-seventh and Forty-ninth, with which it had been consolidated the pre\'ious summer, under its gallant commander. Col. A. E. Ashford. Capt. Thaddeus Felton was killed at Corinth ; Capt. Samuel D. Stewart killed and Capt. J. B. Patten wounded at Franklin. Capt. John Hanna died in the service. The field officers were Col. James W. Robertson; Edwin Goodwin, who died in the service; Samuel S. Ives, wounded at Franklin, and A. E. Ashford. Majs. William Hunt and John S. Dickson, killed at Franklin. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XV— (18) Gen. Earl Van Dorn, in report of the defense of Vicksburg and other operations, June 27 to September 9, 1862, gives the Thirty-ntth, Colonel Robert- ^ . i: 4 cii 168 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. son, brigaded under General Preston, as among his forces. (77) Mentioned by General Breckinridge in his report of engagement at Baton Rouge, August sth, and in the storming and occupation of Port Hudson. He says that Colonel Thompson, commanding brigade, being severely wounded, the command devolved on Colonel Robertson, whose conduct fully justified the confidence of his troops. Lieutenant-Colonel Goodwin was on duty with sharp- shooters. Both these officers afterward named for gal- lant conduct. (90-93) Mentioned in Gen. Daniel Ruggles' report of engagement at Baton Rouge, August 5, 1862. Casualties, 4 killed, 21 wounded. (93, 95, 96, 97) Colonel Robertson's report of same engagement, as brigade com- mander, commends the regiment highly and particularly Lieutenant-Colonel Goodwin. The officers commanding companies were conspicuous for coolness and courage. Lieutenant-Colonel Goodwin calls attention to the zeal and daring of the men, both officers and privates. (99) Colonel Crossland, Seventh Kentucky, says that the Thirty-fifth Alabama opened and kept up a hot fire, which broke the enemy's line. (1033) Rust's brigade, department of Mississippi and East Louisiana, General Gardner, March 31, 1863. (1125) Report of surgeon of First bri- gade, J. W. Thompson, says that regiment, on arriving at Vicksburg, was 375 strong. Number for duty, August 11, 1862, 150; on account of sickness, asks that command be removed to a point further north. Vol. XVII, Part 1 — (375) Rust's brigade, district of the Mississippi, army of the West, General Van Dom, Octo- ber, 1862. (407-409) Mentioned in General Rust's report of operations near Corinth, October 2, 3 and 4, 1862. He says: "The conduct of the Thirty-fifth Alabama, com- manded by Captain Ash ford, though deprived by illness of their accomplished Colonel Robertson, could not have been improved by the presence of any officer." No. 36 — (544) General Loring, reporting from Enter- prise, Miss., April 25, 1863, says: "Enemy demanded the town. They were represented 1.500 strong. Colonel Goodwin, with the Thirty-fifth Alabama, defied them." No. 37 — (77) General Loring's report of battle of Baker's Creek mentions the good service of the regiment. "The gallant Goodwin, Thirty-fifth Alabama, distin- guished himself in the charge on the enemy's center. " (82-87) General Buford's report says that Lieut. George CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 169 C. Hubbard, acting as first lieutenant of Company F, Thirty-fifth Alabama, was killed. He was on a visit to the regiment and assigned temporarily to duty at the request of the captain. He calls special attention to Col- onel Goodwin. (87, 83) Colonel Goodwin's report. No. 38 — (746) Transferred to Buford's brigade, with Twenty-seventh, Fifty-fourth and Snodgrass' (Fifty-fifth) Alabama regiments, by general order. No. 64, dated Jackson, Miss., April 15, 1863. (770) General Buford, April 20th, says: "Thirty-fifth Alabama left Chattanooga this morning." (937, 1040) Buford's brigade, Loring's di\-ision, army of Mississippi, May to July, 1863. No. 57 — {zii) Assignment as above, February 20, 1864, General Polk in command. Col. Samuel S. Ives com- manding regiment. (626) Colonel Johnson (cavalry) reports from near Moulton, March 24th, that regiment is near there recruiting and has determined to fall back to" Smithville. Asks that it be detained there and mounted. (662, 663) Colonel Ives reports tjiat April 12th, at night, his regiment, with detachments from the Twenty-seventh Alabama, crossed the river, surprised a camp, killing 3, and capturing 3 commissioned officers, 38 non-commis- sioned officers and privates, i negro butler and a consid- r erable number of horses, mules, arms, equipments, etc., f sustaining no loss whatsoever. f No. 58 — Colonel Ives reports a skirmish near Mount I Hope on March 24, 1S64; put the enemy to flight and drove them to Decatur. Regiment at Moulton, about 250 strong, but first-rate troops. Lieut. -Col. John Estes' re- port, April 5th, says, "Regiment is near Mount Hope." t No. 74— (645, etseq.) Scott's brigade. Loring's division, 1 General Polk's corps. Johnston's army in Georgia, after June 10. 1S64. (For other extracts, see those in connec- tion with the Twenty-seventh Alabama, brigade organi- zation remaining the same.) No. 9S — (1063) Consolidated with Twenty-seventh, Forty-ninth, Fifty-fifth and Fifty-seventh Alabama, under Col. Edward McAlexander, after April 9th, in Shelley's brigade, Stewart's corps, Johnston's army. THE THIRTY-SIXTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-sixth Alabama, organized at Mt. Vernon arsenal. May 12, 1S62, was first engaged in constructing 170 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. defenses at Oven and Choctaw bluffs, then remained at Mobile until April, 1863, when it was sent to TuUahoma and brigaded under General Clayton \vith the Eighteenth, Thirty-second, Fifty-eighth and Thirty-eighth Alabama. This brigade, with General Holtzclaw as commander after the promotion of General Clayton, was identical through- out the war. The regiment took part in the battle of Chickamauga, where it began its glorious battle record ; the number of its wounded in every engagement shows the spirit which inspired its leaders. It wintered at Dal- ton; fought at Crow Valley, Rocky Face, May 9, 1864; Resaca, May isth; New Hope, May 25th, fighting con- stantly from Dalton to Atlanta, and lost 300 men. At Jonesboro, August 31st and September ist, it lost very heavily. It was with Hood in Tennessee and fought gal- lantly at Nashville, December 15th and i6th. Transferred with the brigade to General Maurj- it was stationed at Spanish Fort, where perhaps its greatest hardships were experienced and it lost no of its men, wounded and cap- tured. Thesurvivors were surrendered at Meridian. CapL James A. Wemyss was wounded at Atlanta; John C. Adams, D. W. Kelly and James W. A. Wright at Mis- sionary Ridge ; John M. Walker was killed, and Washing- ton Lott wounded at Resaca; John G. Cleveland killed at Chickamauga; William L. Higgins wounded at Jones- boro. Other names are given in the "Extracts" below. The field officers were : Cols. Robert H. Smith, Lewis T. Woodruff (woimded at New Hope), and Thomas H. Herndon, who was severely wounded at Chickamauga and again at Atlanta, and whose conduct throughout the war was unsurpassed (he was the last man to leave the trenches at Spanish Fort) ; and Maj. Chas. S. Henegan. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XV— (850) Slaughter's brigade, army of Mobile, Gen. J. H. Forney, October 31, 1862. (1069) Cumming-'s brigade, Western division, army of Mobile, General Buckner, April, 1863. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 171 Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (943, 960) In Clayton's brigade, Stewart's division. Hill's corps, Brag-g's army. Colonel Woodruff, Lieutenant-Colonel Herndon, summer of 1863. No. 42 — (130) General Maury, Mobile, August i, 1863, asks that regiment detached and sent to General Brag;g in April be returned. No. 51 — (16) In Clayton's brigade, Stewart's division, Buckner's corps, Bragg's army, September 19-20, 1863. (367) Casualties, 16 killed and 133 wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. (369) Color-bearer J. W. Tillinghast distinguished in the battle. (384) Mentioned in General Bate's report. (389) Thrilling account of action in battle of Chickamauga, given by Col. Bush Jones. (400-404) General Clayton mentions regiment and gives force on September 19th, 28 officers, 429 men, 401 guns; on Sep- tember 20th, 22 officers, 338 men and 316 guns. (405) Mentioned in Maj. P. F. Hundley's report. (407,408) Col- onel Woodruff's report gives among the wounded on the 19th, the names of Lieutenant-Colonel Herndon, Capt. J. G. Cleveland, Lieuts. A. H. Hutchinson, J. C. Knox and T. H. Shelton. Speaks of Lieutenants Gladden, Meek, Smith and Walker; also of Captain Derby, Lieutenants Bell, BuUen, Thompson, Banks, Walker, Cleveland and Wiggins. Lieuts. J. A. Cleveland and S. Bell were killed on the 20th, and Lieuts. W. H. P. Gordon, D. M. Prewitt, E. B. Lott and J. Banks were wounded. Commending every officer, he specially names Capt. A. J. Derby and Adjt. T. A. Hatch. "J. W. Tillinghast, of Company B, carried the colors both days, and always to the front; he is a cool, brave man and deserves special mention." No. 55 — (661, 745) Assignment as above. Casualties, 9 killed, 18 wounded, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, November 24 and 25. 1863. No. 56 — Assignment as above, October to December, 1863; total preeent, 353, December 14th. No. 57 — (479) Casualties at Rocky Face Mountain, February 24 and 25, 1864, 11 wounded. No. 74— (641, et seq.) In Clayton's (Holtzclaw's) bri- gade, Stewart's division. Hood's corps, Atlanta campaign. (831-834) Mentioned in Gen. H. D. Clayton's report of the several engagements from the 7th of May to the 25th, 1864 (including Rocky Face mountain, Resaca and New Hope church)^ highly commends regiment and says: "I feel I ought to particularly mention Lieut. John R. Hall, 172 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Lieut. J. M. Walker, and Lieut. J. T. Jackson, of the Thirty-sixth Alabama rej^iment." Casualties, 14 killed, 70 wounded. ( 836-838 ) Report of Capt. James A. Wemyss, in command of regiment: "Rocky Face moun- tain, May loth, i killed, 5 wounded; Resaca, May 15th, 14 killed, 70 wounded; New Hope church, May 25th, Col. L. T. Woodruff was seriously wounded, 8 killed and 27 wounded. Aggregate casualties, 133." (864) Men- tioned by Col. J. C. Lewis. No. 79 — (897) Total present, 303, November 7, 1864. No. 93 — (665) December 10, 1864, Capt. Nathan M. Carpenter commanding regiment, Nashville campaign. No. 103 — (1046) In Holtzclaw's brigade, district of the Gulf, March 10, 1865. THE THIRTY-SEVENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-seventh was organized at Auburn in the spring of 1862; sent to Columbus, Miss., from there to Tupelo. With Price at luka, September 19-20, 1862, it began its long roll of battles, and was highly commended by Brigadier-General Martin and by General Price. Both its colonel, J. F. Dowdell, and its lieutenant-colonel, A. A. Greene, were wounded in this fight, besides forty- three of the men. The regiment went into battle with 304 men, so that its loss was heavy. General Little, in whose division it was, was killed at luka. In the battle of Corinth, October 3-5, 1862, it lost heav-ily and its brigade commander. General Martin, was killed. Bri- gaded under General Moore, the winter of 1S62-63 was spent in Mississippi. It took part at Chickasaw Bayou, was sent to Sunflower river, but returned before the close of the spring; was in the battles of Port Gibson, May I, 1863, and Baker's Creek, May i6th, where it lost heavily. From that time till July 4th it formed part of the garrison at Vicksburg, and was captured with that place, where it had suffered greatly from losses and priva- tions. For awhile, after being exchanged, the regiment was in parole camp at Demopolis. Later it was transferred . I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 173 to the army of Tennessee, and took part in the battles of Lookout Mountain, November 24th; Missionary Ridge, November 25th. After wintering- at Dalton, brigaded under Gen. Alpheus Baker, the regiment was ever in the van of the army in the battles of the Georgia campaign, at Rocky Face mountain. May 9th and loth; Resaca, May 14th and 15th; and New Hope church. May 2sth, where it lost heavily, officers and men. In the battles around Atlanta its casualties were great. The regiment was sent for in the winter to do garrison duty at Spanish Fort, but early in the spring it was re- turned to the army of Tennessee, and again was in battle at Bentonville. Consolidated with the Forty-second and Fifty-fourth Alabama, commanded by Col. John A. Win- ter, it surrendered in North Carolina. This regiment was remarkable for the large number of its officers killed and wounded. Capt. Marion C. J. Searcy was wounded at Corinth and killed at Missionary Ridge. Capt. W. W. Meadows was killed, and Capts. Moses B. Greene, John O. Davis and S. M. Robertson were wounded, at Corinth; Capt. J. C. Kendrick was wounded at Corinth and at Atlanta; Capt. J. J. Padgett was wounded; Capt. Joel G. Greene, at At- lanta; Capt. C. Pennington, at Resaca; Capt. J. M. Leach was killed at New Hope; Capt. C. E. Evans was wounded at Resaca and Atlanta; Capt. James H. Johnson wounded at Atlanta. Its field officers were Col. James F. Dowdell, captured atVicksburg; Lieut.-Col. A. A. Greene, wounded at luka and at Missionary Ridge, and killed at Atlanta; Lieut. - CoL W. F. Slaton, wounded at Corinth and captured at Lookout Mountain; and Majs. John P. W. Amorine and Joel C. Kendrick. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVII, Part i— (123) Report of Gen. Sterling Price. of battle of luka, speaks of regiment as being in Martin's ■I ^ 174 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. brigade. Says Col. James F. Dowdell and Lieut. -Col. A.A.Greene were wounded, the latter severely. (132-133) General Martin's report of same engagement speaks in high commendation of the cool gallantry and daring of Col. James F. Dowdell; also of Lieutenant-Colonel Greene, who was severely wounded, and Major Slaton, who acted bravely and nobly. He gives casualties, 12 killed, 43 wounded. Acting Asst. Adjt.-Gen. J. W. McDonald gives the strength of regiment going into this battle as 304. (382) Five killed, 35 wounded, at the battle of Corinth, October 3-5, 1S62. (386) Hebert's division, October 20, 1862. (688) Mentioned in Colonel Withers' report of operations, January 2, 1863. No. 37 — (327) In Moore's brigade, Forney's division, July 4, 1863, army of Vicksburg. (369) Casualties, 16 killed, 38 wounded, during the siege of Vicksburg, May 7th to July 4th. (381-382) Mentioned in Gen. John C. Moore's report. No. 55 — (658, 691, 704) In Moore's brigade, Cheatham's division, Hardee's corps, army of Tennessee. Casualties at Lookout Mountain, November 24th, and Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863, 4 killed, 12 wounded. Men- tioned in General Moore's report. No. 56 — (803, 822) Assignment as above, December, 1863. Lieut. -Col. Alex. A. Greene in command of regi- ment. Total present, 407. No. 57— (4S1) Mentioned by Col. John H. Higley, Feb- ruary 25, 1864, in report of demonstration on Dalton. No. 74 — (649, et seq.) In Baker's brigade, Stewart's (later Clayton's) division, Hood's corps, army of Tennes- see, General Johnston, Atlanta campaign. (81S) Men- tioned in Gen. Alex. P. Stewart's report of operations. May 7 to 27, 1S64. "During the 27th the Thirty-seventh Alabama, Lieutenant-Colonel Greene, suffered severely from the fire of a battery, and, with the Fifty-fourth Alabama, who reinforced it, is especially entitled to mention for the fortitude with which they endured the ordeal. (819) Report of Gen. Henry D. Clayton of battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1S64, deplores the loss of Lieutenant- Colonel Greene. (845-847) Gen. Alpheus Baker's report of Rocky Face, Resaca and New Hope church, speaks in the highest terms of the heroic fortitude of the Thirty- seventh. On the 27th the regiment lost 50 men killed and wounded, one of the latter being their brave and 1: CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 175 skillful commander, Lieutenant-Colonel Greene. (847-849) Ki-jwrt of Lieutenant-Colonel Greene gives a graphic de- M.Tiption of the action of the regiment. He gives losses: Ke&ica, 4 killed, 3 wounded; New Hope church, 9 killed, ^ J wounded. Total loss, 15 killed, 86 wounded, 8 missing. "The conduct of all my officers and almost all my men has been admirable in battle, and on the weary march, since the 7th of May." Xo. 78 — (803, 854) Transferred to Mobile with Baker's brigade, in August, 1864. Brigade consisted of Thirty- seventh, Fortieth, Forty-second and Fifty-fourth Ala- bama. (862) General Hood, September 22, 1864, asks that Baker's brigade be returned to him. No. 93 — (1232) Baker's brigade, Liddell's division, dis- trict of the Gulf, General Maury ; department of Missis- sippi, Alabama and East Louisiana, Gen. Richard Taylor; November, 1864, with the Fortieth and Forty-second, under Col. John H. Higley. No. 98 — (1064) Brantly's brigade, Lee's corps, Johns- ton's army, consolidated with Forty-second and Fifty- fourth, under Col. John A. Minter, after April 9, 1865. No. 100 — (687) Two hundred and four prisoners taken by brigade, March 19, 1865. (698, 734) Baker's brigade, Clayton's division, Lee's corps, army of Tennessee, March, 1865; Capt. T. B. Richards. No. 103 — (940) Special order. No. 28, General Maury, Mobile, Januar>' 28, 1S65: "Brig.-Gen. A. Baker will proceed with his brigade to Augusta, Ga., via Mont- gomery, Ala." THE THIRTY-EIGHTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-eighth regiment was organized at Mobile in May, 1S62, and remained there until February, 1S63. Its first brigade commander was General Slaughter: then General Cumming. Transferred to Bragg's army, it was under General Clayton until his promotion ; then under General Holtzclaw from July, 1864, until its surrender at Meridian. At Hoover's Gap, June 24, 1863, it v/ent into its first real battle, coming out almost unscathed; but at Chickamauga, September 19th and 20th, its loss w.is very great. At Missionary Ridge, November 25th, a large number, after fierce fighting, were captured. 176 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. The winter of 1S63-64 was passed at Dal ton, and with the spring of 1S64 came the regiment's hardest work, in the Atlanta campaign. At Rocky Face mountain, May 7th to loth; at Resaca, May 14th and 15th; New Hope church, May 25th, and at Atlanta, July 20th to 28th, its losses were severe, both in killed and wounded, and by capture. In Holtzclaw's brigade, it went with Hood into Tennes- see and protected the rear of the army in the retreat. Transferred with the brigade to ]Mobile, it was in the de fense of Spanish Fort, where it suffered-its greatest pri- vations. ■ It held its original organization until the end, and surrendered its remnant of 80 men at Meridian. Adjt. Alfred R. Murray was wounded; Capts. W. R. Welsh, John B. Perkins and Charles E. Bussey were killed at Chickamauga; Capts. W. H. "Wright, wounded and captured; John A. Jackson, captured at Alissionary Ridge. Captain Jackson died in prison. Capt. Ben Lane Posey was captured at Chickamauga, and wounded at Kenesaw. The field officers were Cols. Charles T. Ketchum, and A. R. Lankford, captured at Resaca ; and Majs. O. S. Jew- ett, killed at Chickamauga, and W. J. Hearin, captured at Missionary Ridge. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XV— (850) Army of Mobile, Gen. J. E. Slaughter; district of the Gulf, General Forney, October 31, 1S62. (ic6o) Second brigade. General Cumming, Western divi- sion, department of the Gulf, General Buckner com- manding. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (310) Federal report: "Thirty- eighth Alabama regiment was sent to Mobile, by Pem- berton, on October 21, 1862." Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (943, 960) In Clayton's brigade, Stewart's division. General Bragg. July and August, 1863. No. 42 — (130) General Maury, August i, 1863, says: "Regiment had been detached from, garrison of Mobile and^sent to General Bragg." ^'0. 51 — (16) Assignment as above, at battle of Chick- '.< CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 177 amauga. (367) Return of casualties, September i8 to 20, ii>'>3, 37 killed, 143 wounded. (369) List of those who distinguished themselves in battle of Chickamauga: Scrgt. -Maj. J. R. Larkin; Sergt. J. W. George, Com- pany H; Private J. P. Seabrook, Company I; Private Calloway Johnson, Company E. (389, 400-403) Men- tioned in reports of Col. Bush Jones and Gen. Henry D. Claj-ton. (404) Carried into battle, on the 19th, 461 puns, 29 officers; on the 20th, 314 guns, 17 officers; report of Colonel Ketchum, commanding brigade. (409- 411) Col. A. R. Lankford's report says: "The non-com- missioned officers and men of my command exhibited the courage and gallantry which characterize all South- em soldiers, particularly Alabamians. He also com- mends the coolness and bravery of Color-bearer Joel Bell, Company E, who carried the colors of the regiment ahead of all others. (534) Roll of honor, battle of Chicka mauga: Private T. C. Ezell,* Company A; Corp. James M. Moore, Company B; Corp. J. E. Piatt, Company C Private A. McAlpin,* Company C; Sergt. W. W. Bufo'rd,^ Company D; Corp. Joel W. Bell, Company E; Pri vate A. D. Sims, Company F; Sergt. W. W. Holly, ^ Company G; Private Patrick Dayton,* Company H Sergt. G. F. Williamson,* Company I; Private Francis H. Wilson,* Company K; Sergt. John L. Mayse, Com pany K. No. 56— (887) Total present, 272, December 14, 1S63, In Clayton's brigade, Stewart's division, Breckinridge's corps, arm}- of Tennessee, Johnston commanding, De cember 31, 1863. No. 57 — (479) Return of casualties at Rocky Face Mountain (February 24 and 25, 1864), 2 killed and 18 v.-Munded. No. 74 — (641, et seq.) Assignment as above. Hood's corps, Atlanta campaign. June 30, 1864, Capt. Daniel Lee commanding regiment; Holtzclaw commanding bri- gade (Clayton's division), July loth; Capt. Ben 'Lane Posey commanding regiment, August 31st. (832, 834) Gen- eral Clayton's report (including Rocky Face mountain, Rcsaca and New Hope church) says: "xVfter having two color-bearers killed. Colonel Lankford was last seen with his colors in his hand. ' ' He particularly mentions J( iscjih 1" '-ant, who was killed, and Lieut. L. F. Irv/in, who was * Killed in action. 178 COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. severely wounded. Report of casualties gives 2 killed, 15 wounded. (836-S38) Mentioned in Colonel Wemyss' report. (83S-S40) Report of Capt. George W. Welch, in command of regiment: Loss at Rocky Face, May Sth, 2 killed, 15 wounded; at Resaca, May 15th, 7 killed, 53 wounded. Colonel Lankford was captured at New Hope church the 2Sth; 27th, loss was 3 killed, 20 wounded. No. 79 — (897) Total present, 236, November 7, 1864; Maj. H. I. Thornton commanding regiment. No. 93 — (665, 704) In Holtzclaw's brigade, Claj'ton's division, December 10, 1864; Capt. Charles E. Bussey commanding regiment. No. 103 — (1046) Holtzclaw's brigade, district of the Gulf, General Maury, :March 10, 1865; Capt. Charles E. Bussey commanding regiment. THE THIRTY-NINTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Thirty-ninth Alabama was organized in May, 1862, and went immediately to Mississippi, where it was bri- gaded under Gen. Frank Gardner with the Nineteenth, Twenty-second, Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth (Fiftieth) regiments. It went into Kentucky, but being generally in the reserve, its first battle of consequence was after its return, at Murfreesboro, December 31st, where it made a fine record. The regiment behaved gallantly at Chick- araauga, September 19 and 20, 1863, losing nearly 27 per cent of its force. At Missionary Ridge, November 25th, it fought ag.iin with less loss. The regiment win- tered at Dalton, and fought under Hood through the Dal- ton- Atlanta campaign. .\t Atlanta, July 20th to 2 2d, it suffered great loss, and Colonel Clifton was severely wounded. At Jonesboro, August 31st and September ist, it was again in the sharpest of the fighting. At Nash- ville, December 15th and i6th, a large number were cap- tured. The regiment went with Johnston into the C:iro- linas, fought its last fight at Bentonville, and was surren- dered at Yadkin river bridge. Maj. J. D. Smith was killed at Jonesboro, Captain Roberts in North Carolina. Capt. Willis Banks near Atlanta, Capts. T. O. Stanford I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 179 .v:A Joseph C. Clayton at Murfreesboro, and Capt. C. H. Matthews at Peachtree Creek. The field officers were Henry D. Clayton, who was >cvcrely wounded at Murfreesboro and at Atlanta, pro- moted to brigadier, and afterward major-general, and displayed great skill and heroism to the end; Col. Whit- field Clark, Lieut. -Cols. James Flewellen, Lemuel Har- trroves and W. C. Clifton. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. ' '• Vol. X, Part I— (-88) First brigade, Gen. Frank Gard- ner, reserve corps, General Withers, army of the Missis- sippi, General Bragg, June 30, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (764) In Gardner's brigade, army of the Mississippi, General Polk commanding, August 18 to 10, 1862. Vol. XX, Part i — (658) In Deas' brigade. Withers' divi- sion, Polk's corps, army of Tennessee, at Murfreesboro. (677) Casualties, December 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863, X, killed, 92 wounded. (754) Mentioned in Gen. Jones M. Withers' report. (973) Roll of honor, battle of Mur- freesboro: Adjt. J. M. Macon; Second Lieut. E. Q. Thornton, Company K; Second Lieut. E. O. Petty, Com- r.my B; Sergt. C. K. Hall, Company H ; Sergt. W. J. White, Company H; Sergt. E. Priest, Company K; Pri- vate W. C. Menefee, Company A; Sergt. A. J. Talbot, Company A; Private Samuel M. Martin, Company B; Pri- v.ite John Dansby, Company C ; Private Evander Bur- l;ctt. Company D; Private Frank Jones, Company E; ^•Tcrts. John H. Poyner and T. F. Espy, Company G; ^^ergt. Abner Flowers, Company I; Sergt. James Wil'bon, Company K. ^Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735, 942, 958) In Deas' brigade. Withers' division (Twenty-sixth and Thirty-ninth under Colonel Clayton), April to August, 1863; July 31st, Col. Whitfield Clark in command. _ No. 51 — (15) In Deas' brigade, Hindman's division, at Chickamauga. (33S) Col. Whitfield Clark's report of the \'.itlle gives 14 killed, 82 wounded. Regiment went into :'--:ht with 310 muskets. {2,y)) Mentioned m Col. J. G. C' 'hart's report. No. 56 — In Deas' brigade, Hindman's division, Cheat- 180 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. ham's army corps, to December, 1863. Total present. 337; Lieut. -Col. William C. Clifton commanding regi- ment, December 14, 1863. No. 74 — (640, et seq.) Assignment as above, Hood's corps, Atlanta campaign. August 31, 1S64, Maj. Drewn.- H. Smith commanding regiment. (779,780) Report of Capt. A. J. Miller (commanding regiment), operations July 22d and 28th (Atlanta) : "Lieutenant-Colonel Clifton was severely wounded. Capt. T. J. Brannon, who has since been sick, was in command." No. 93 — (664) Assignment as above, Johnson's division, Lee's corps, December 10, 1S64. THE FORTIETH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fortieth Alabama was organized at Mobile in May, 1862. It went to Vicksburg by way of Columbus, Miss., |,i and was brigaded with the Thirty-seventh and Forty- | second under General Moore; was in Featherstone's |; command in the Steele's bayou expedition, March 16 to |. 22, 1863; was transferred to Bragg's army, and appears I; to have served in detachment as sharpshooters for the Ij greater part of the time of its serA^ice. At Vicksburg it f j suffered severely, and a large portion was captured. \ Being paroled, it joined its command in Tennessee in i time to take part in the battle of Chickamauga, September | 19th and 20th, where it lost hea\-ily, next fighting at Look- I out Mountain, November 24th, and at Missionarj' Ridge, I November 2Sth. Gen. Alpheus Baker became its brig- \ adier, and it wintered at Dalton. It took a prominent part 'S in the Atlanta campaign; at Rocky Face, May 9 and 10, 1864; Resaca, May 14th and 15th, and at New Hope church, May 25th, making gallant charges and earning a fine record, both collectively and individually, as will be seen in the extracts below. In midsummer, 1864, the bri- gade was transferred to Mobile, and, under General Maur>-, took part in the defense of Mobile; but Hood, who knew well the gallantry of these troops, clamored for their re- turn, and in January, 1865, they were sent back to the army of Tennessee ; and after skirmishing and fighting, last of CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 181 ill at Bentonville, March i8th, the regiment, consolidated With the Nineteenth and Forty-sixth, was surrendered at Vadkin river bridge. Adjt C. H. Ellerbee and Capt. James A. Latham were killed at Bentonville, Capt. Ed. Marsh at Dalton, Sergt. Preston S. Gilder, standard-bearer, at Resaca. The field officers were Cols. A. A. Coleman and John H. Higley, Lieut.-Cols. Thomas Stone (who died in the service) and Ezekiel Gully, and Maj. E. D. Willett. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XV.— (850) Army of Mobile, General Slaughter, district of the Gulf, General Forney, October 31, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part i — (666) General Pemberton in his re- port of operations, Decemb r 21, 1S62, to January 2, 1863, jays: "On 25th, the Fortieth Alabama regiment. Col. A. A. Coleman, was ordered from Columbus to Vicks- burg." Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (797, 799) Colonel Coleman's regi- ment ordered to Columbus. (819) Captain Marsh's com- pany, E, at Jackson, serving as provost guard. (825) In Vicksburg, 332 effectives, in Major-General Smith's com- mand, January 3, 1863. Xo. 36 — (45S-461) General Featherstone's report of en- gagements on Rolling Fork and Deer creek, March 19th to 29th, in which regiment is mentioned several times. (467, 510) Mentioned in Col. S. W. Ferguson's report of engagement of March 2 2d, the Steele's bayou expedition. No. 37 — (327, 369) In Moore's brigade, Forney's di- vision, army of Vicksburg. Casualties in siege, 18 killed, 39 wounded. (381) Mentioned in J. C. Moore's report of siege, May 17 to July 4, 1S63. No. 38— (612, 705) Assignments. (762) Col. S. W. Fer- guson, Rolling Fork, April iS, 1S63, says: "I arrived here last night with the Fortieth Alabama. " (957) Called "Alabama battalion sharpshooters," in Walker's division at and near Yazoo City, June 7th. (1041) Eastern Louis- iana, Ector's brigade. Walker's division, July 30th; "Ala- bama battalion" under Maj. T. O. Stone. ^*'o. 51 — (14) "Stone's Alabama battalion sharpshoot- f''^." in Ector's brigade, September 19 and 20, 1S63, army ut Tennessee, General Bragg. - j 182 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 55— (658) Moore's brigade, Hardee's corps, Novem- bar 20, 1863, army of Tennessee, General Brag-o- (6„,. Casua ties, November 24 and 25, 1863, 4 killed -o wounded (704) Mentioned in Gen. J. C. Moore's report of engagements on Lookout Mountain and Jlis sionary Ridge. ^^^■^^~P:^^ Stone's sharpshooters, Ector's brigade French s division, November 20, 1863. In department of Mississippi and Last Louisiana, General Johnston (803) xMoore s brigade, Cheatham's division, December 10,1863. In army of Tennessee, General Hardee (8-1 December 14, 1863, 429 total present. (884) Assignme"nt as above, December 31st. s '«■ No 57-(4So 481) Report of Col. John H. Higley, com- manding brigade, operations Februarv 23 to 27 1864 r.f%^^~:^f^^ ^" December 16. 1S63, General Johnston was directed to turn over the immediate command of armv of the Mississippi to General Polk. This department ^vas officiallycalled-The department of Alabama, Mississippi F.l^ K T^y- (5S4) "Stone's sharpshooters. •■ frr^ ^ I'r^^r \ J'-^l^aiT 20, 1864, in General Polk's army. (The sharpshooters under Lieutenant-Colonel llT^^x^^^'^' T ''"I'^TT d<^tachment of the Fortieth.) (587) Moore s brigade, Hardee's corps, January 20, 1S64 ^oT/.i.:.^""""'''"' ^"""'^1 Johnston; Lieutenant Colonel btone m command of regiment. ^'"'J'^^^'^"). B'^ker's brigade, Stewart's division, April n' wm V. ' ^''T' '''""^' °^" Tennessee; Capt. Elbert u. VVillett commanding regiment. No. 74 (641, et seq.) Assignment as above, April to August, 1864; August 31st, Col. John H. Hic^lev com- manding regiment^ (844-S47) Gen. Alpheus Baker's re- ^nil^ A^ '°'^l ^'^^^- ^- '^^''^^^h' ^ ^'^l^ed oificer. was rS \ t^\ '^'^ ,^^^"^l^»-J-'jearer (Sergt. Preston L, Gilder) acted 'jvath the highest gallantry and fell in front of his comrades, pierced by the bullets of the foe He speaks also ot Colonel Higley. (849, 850) Colonel Hig- mL rP*""] °^ ^"'"^y ^''^?" mountain, Ma/ioth: Captafn Marsh and 2 privates killed; Lieut. J. C. Moore^and t.fv''n ? wounded. May 15th, Sergt. R S. Gilder w^r V Jf T?I^^ ""'^T '" ^"'^^^ °f his command; colors were left on field. Adjutant Ellerbee, Lieutenant Kni^h- Z^ Lieutenant Petcet returned to field and securci colors under a heavy hre. Loss, 5 killed. 34 wounded; f CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 183 M.iy 25th, loss 3 killed, 9 wounded. "I commenced the v.iinpaign May 7th with 416 effective men; at present (M.iy 31st) I number 326 effective men. Total, 17 killed, oc> wounded, 3 missing." Conduct of officers and men commended highly. Xo. 75 — (481) Mentioned in General Sherman's com- munication, dated Big Shanty, Ga., June 15, 1864. (For other extracts, see those in connection with the Thirty- ^c•venth Alabama, brigade organization remaining the s,ime.) No. 100 — (734) Same assignment, March 31, 1865, army near Smithfield ; Capt. Thomas M. Bronson commanding regiment. THE FORTY-FIRST ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty- first regiment, 1,250 strong, was organized in May, 1862; was ordered from Tuscaloosa to Chattanooga; was in Middle Tennessee for some months, doing guard duty principally; was sent to Kentucky in September, brigaded under General Hanson, being the only Alabama troops in his Kentucky brigade. Under its gallant and brave Colonel Stansel, who shared its vicissitudes from the beginning until the close, it fought valiantly at Mur- freesboro, December 31st to January 2d, where two of .its finest lieutenants were killed, as was its brigade com- mander, General Hanson. Gen. Marcus Wright and Colonel Hunt, successively, commanded the Kentucky bri- gade, but in May, 1863, it was assigned to General Helm, and moved to Tullahoma in Breckinridge's army. The !'(-".,Mment was engaged in the operations for the relief of Vicksburg, and in the trenches at Jackson through the long, weary summer of 1S63. Rejoining the army of Tennessee, the regiment immortalized itself at Chicka- mauga, September 19 and 20, 1863. Of the 325 men who went into battle, 147 were killed and wounded, several , 1865. THE FORTY-SECOND ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-second Alabama, organized at Columbus, Miss., in May, 1862, was principally a reorganization of other regiments whose one year's service was completed. Lieutenant-Colonel Lanier, Maj. W. C. Fergus and Capt. George W. Foster were all from the Second Alabama, so that the regiment was immediately effective for the hard work before it. In September it was with the Thirty- seventh Alabama and Seventh Mississippi regiments in Maury's division of the army of the West. The next month it went into the siege of Corinth with 700 men, losing, killed and wounded, 348; of these, 11 were officers. The winter of 1862-63 was spent in Mississippi and the brigade was reorganized. It formed part of the garri- son at Vicksburg, where it lost heavily and was captured. From the parole camp at Demopolis, it went to join the army of Tennessee, and served in the battle of Lookout Mountain, November 24, 1863, and at Missionary Ridge, November 25th, where it fought with its usual gallantry. Wintering around Dalton, it took part in the defense of that place, February 28, 1864, and in the campaign from there to Atlanta. March 19th, Gen. Alpheus Baker took command of the brigade, which now consisted of the Thirty-seventh, Fortieth, Forty-second and Fifty-fourth Alabama. It fought at Resaca, May 14th and 15th; at 188 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY New Hope church, May 25th; at Atlanta, July 25th to 28th. The losses on the 28th were very heavy. It was sent to Spanish Fort in August, where it formed a part of the garrison until January, when it was returned to the army of Tennessee. Its subsequent history is identical with that of the rest of the brigade. After April ist, it was consolidated with the Thirty-seventh and Fifty-fourth, Capt. William D. McNeill, lieutenant-colonel, and surren- dered with the army of Tennessee. Capts. George W. Foster and Allen B. Knox were killed, and Capt. John W. Haley mortally wounded, at Corinth. Capt. Robert Best died in the service. Capt. Robert K. Wills was killed at Atlanta, and Lieut. Capers W. Bodie at Vicksburg. The field oificers were Col. John W. Portis, who was wounded at Corinth; Col. T. C. Lanier, wounded at Corinth and at New Hope, and Maj. W. C. Fergus. Capt. W. D. McNeill was made lieutenant-colonel after consolidation. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVII, Part r — (375) Moore's brigade, Maury's divi- sion, army of Tennessee, General Van Dorn, October, 1862. (383) Casualties, battle of Corinth, October 3d to 5th, II officers wounded. (397-400) Report of Gen. John C. Moore of engagements at Corinth and at Hatchie bridge, October 5th, mentions Forty-second Alabama, Col. John W. Portis, belonging to brigade. Regiment "subjected to heavy fire on the 3d, though their loss in killed and wounded was but 8 or 10. including i officer. Corp. J. A. Goring, color-bearer of the P'orty-second, deserves partic- ular notice. Though shot down once, he gallantly bore the flag through the fight on the 4th. " No. 37 — (327) Moore's brigade, army of Vicksburg, General Pemberton. (329) Lieut. Capers W. Bodie killed during the siege of Vicksburg. (362) Mentioned by Gen- eral Forney, ^lay 24, 1863. (369) Casualties, 8 killed and 19 wounded, May 17 to July 4, 1S63, siege of Vicksburg. {381-383) Highly commended in General Moore's report of siege. (383) Lieut. -Col. Thomas C. Lanier coincides with other regimental leaders that the men are not able ;« J* ^''" CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 189 to make a successful evacuation. (385) Mentioned in Col. Ashbcl Smith's report as "a gallant regiment No 38-(7 3i) Mentioned by Col. C. A. Fuller, Apnl 7, ,86v "At Yazoo City a Columbiad is manned by 2 officers and 20 men of the Forty-second Alabama who Save had considerable experience at Fort Morgan, (i 060) In Moore's brigade, Forney's division, parole camp, Au- ^nV^c;'i— (266) Mentioned in report of taking of Mission- ary-Ridge by Colonel Nodine (Union), November 27, 1863^ So Return of casualties at Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, November 24th and 25th, 2 killed, 7 wounded (704-706) Report of General Moore of same batUes; Lieutenant-Colonel Lanier commandmg regi- ""no. s6-(8o3, 822, 884) Moore's brigade, Cheatham's division, army of Tennessee; Lieut -Col. Thom^^ C. Lanier commanding regiment. Total present, 311- ^^e- '*'So^5;:!:(f80' Mentioned in Colonel Higley's report of operations, February 23 to 27, 1864, at DaUon. No 74— (664) Assignment as above, July, 1854; capt. W. b'. Kendrick commanding regiment (672) Assign- ment as above, August, 1864; Capt William D. McNeill. (851,852) Report of Capt. W. D. McNeill of operations May 7 to 13, 1S64, says: "Sergeant Richey saved the ■ colors of a Georgia regiment. We went into batt e with 300 on the 15th (Resaca) ; 5 officers and 32 men wounded, \ killed. Rev. J. P. McMillan, a ^if ^^^^7 ^°^^^^.^"; gade, was killed. T. C. Mitchell and Capt. G H. G_ra> were severely wounded. Total loss of regiment, 59; Xo. g8-(io64) Consolidated with the ^hlrt^se^enth and Fifty-fourth Alabama, atter April 9, '^^^v (1 orotncr extracts see those in connection with the Thirty-seventh Alabama, brigade organization remaining the same.) No. 100— (734) Same assignment, March 31, 1863-, Capt. William D. McNeill commanding regiment. THE FORTY-THIRD ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-third was organized at Mobile in May, 1862, and went without delay directly to Chattanooga, where it was brigaded under General Leadbctter. Its colonel, Archibald Grade, Jr., soon displayed his ability and was 190 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. afforded opportunity to early earn his promotion. First, as its colonel, and throughout the war from the fall of 1863 as its brigadier, he was never separated from the command. The regiment went into Kentucky with Kirby Smith, and returned, but did very little fighting. It spent the winter of 1862-63 ^.t Cumberland gap. At the battle of Chickamauga (September 19th and 20th), it fought most valiantly, and its loss was very heavy. Colonel Jolly was seriously, and for a long time sup- posed to be mortally, wounded; both General Preston and General Gracie were enthusiastic in their commenda- tion of the men and officers of this regiment, and the War Records preserve the names of many of the gallant sol- diers. It took part in the investment of Knoxville, November 17th to December 4th; was at Bean's Station, December 14, 1863, and wintered in East Tennessee. About this time the brigade was reorganized, and com- prised henceforward the Forty-first, Forty-third, Fifty- ninth (a consolidation of Hilliard's Second and Fourth battalions), Sixtieth (a consolidation of Hilliard's First and Third battalions), and the Twenty-third (Stall- worth's) battalion of sharpshooters. In May the brigade was sent to Virginia to General Beauregard, to oppose the Federal attempts on the outposts of Richmond. It was hotly engaged at Drewr>''s bluff, May 12th to i6th; was almost continually in the trenches at Petersburg from June, 1S65, till the end; and was fighting gallantly at Appomattox when the flag of truce called the halt which was eternal. It surrendered about 50 men. Adjt. John R. Shelton was killed near Richmond; Adjt. John L. Stephens was wounded, and Capt. O. W. Pritchett killed, at Drewry's bluff; Capts. James A. Gor- don, killed at Chickamauga; O. H. Prince, P. Gordon and Lieut. William H. Watkins, at Chattanooga; Capts. T. M. Hughes and J. A. Sylvester, at Petersburg. The field officers were Cols. Archibald Gracie, Jr., and r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 191 V. M. Moody; Lieut. -Col. John J. Jolly, severely ••..lunded at Chickamauga, and Majs. R. D. Hart, Y. M. Barber and William J. Mims. EXTRACTS FRO.M OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (719) First brigade, General Lead- bettor, Heth's division. (750) Department of East Ten- nessee, July 3, 1862. Colonel Gracie sent from Clinton with two regiments to clean out a force of the enemy at ll'.intsville, Tenn., August loth. (985) Grade's brigade. Moth's division, troops under command of Gen. E. Kirby Smith, October; Col. Y. M. Moody commanding regi- ment. Vol. XX, Part 2 — Assignment as above, to December, 1 86 J, Cumberland Gap. Vol. XXII, Part 2— (127) General Gilmore (Union) iays, March 9, 1863, that there are 600 men under Col- onel Gracie at Cumberland Gap. (644, 711, 792) Assign- ment as above, April 25th; Col. J. J. Jolly commanding rcj^iinent. (805-947) At Bean's Station, April 30th. To mm-e to Morristown, May 7th. Ordered to march from Cumberland Gap and fall back, if necessary, on Knoxville, iune 17th; Col. Y. M. Moody commanding regiment, . '-ily 31st. Regiment ordered to remain at Knoxville ■ umil relieved, August 3d. I Xo. 51 — (418) General Preston's report of battle of I Chickamauga, September 19th and 20th, specially notices r ^'"1. Y. M. Moody. (420-422) General Gracie's report of , '."iTnc battle speaks in high terms of commendation of J Cloncl Moody and of Lieut. -Col. J. J. Jolly, who, though ^'•r;.nisly wounded in thigh, remained on field until o;),iged to be carried off. Also mentions some of the ""ble dead. (422-424) Colonel Moody's report says: j ' Almost in the beginning of the engagement (20th) | Lieutenant-Colonel Jolly and six company commanders j *'cre killed, or so severely wounded as to be compelled 1 to quit the field. Captain Gordon, Company C, was 1 »!ikd, and Captain Prince, Company A, mortally j Wounded. They were among the best officers of the j 'c;:iment, and fell encouraging their men and gallantly I ' ■•ccring them forward. Colonel Moody highly cummends Acting Adjt. Lieut. John R. S'neltOD of Company C, __ •iTiil asks for his promotion to the captaincy of his com- i 192 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. pany, made vacant by the death of Captain Gordon I would mention the foUowino^ enlisted men- Private W C Harris, Sergt. T. Cocke, Sergt- John B. Lanford, almost «ie foremost in regiment, with unflinching gallantry There are vacancies in the second lieutenancies and' I apply for their promotion, Privates Peppenhorst Mc Coy, Satterwhite, Sergeant Maxey, Sergeant Bruce and Riyate J. T. Elliott. Sergeant Stephenson and Private Hill also deserve notice, having done all that could be expected of the very best soldiers. My loss was, officers killed 3; wounded, 7. Alen killed, 13; wounded 76 '• (534) Roll of honor, battle of Chickamauga- Private Wil- ham R. Ethridge (killed). Company A; Private John A Meness, Company B; Sergt. W. C. Johnson, Company L); Sergt. Newton Bruce, Companv E; Sergt E X Maxey, Company F ; Private David Scott. Company g'- Pnvate Daniel F. Tubb, Company H ; Private John Barnes, Company I; Private William W. Scales, Com- P^°y K. Company C declined to make selection. ^ No. 54_(452) Grade's brigade, Buckner's division, ! -'-r \-Tj-/ ^.«^.^ ^ iji.i;ti.vjc, ijui.Kiiei s uivision Longstreet s corps, November 30, 1S63. (534-537) Men tioned in Gen. Bushrod Johnson's report of operations -ncluding affair at Bean's Station, December 14th No. 68— (207) Grade's brigade. Ransom's division r V J- ijuauiuu jonnson s report ot oper, including affair at Bean's Station, December 14th No. 68— (207) Gracie's brigade. Ransom's divisior Mays, 1S64; forces on Richmond and Petersburg line- General Beauregard. * No 69— (S6;) Gracie's brigade, department of Rich- mond, May 31, 1864, Gen. Robert Ransom, Jr. ; regiment 4 commanded by Capt. William W. Harder. ■" ' ^ | No. 88— (11 66) Assignment as above, August, 1S64; | L,ieut.-Col. John J. Jolly commanding regiment. (1227) i Gracie s brigade, Johnson's division, September i 1S64, 1 department of North Carolina and Southern Vir-inia . commanded by General Beauregard. (131 1) Gracie's - brigade, September, Gen. Bushrod Johnson's command. Ao. 95— (26S) Mentioned by Gen. J. Chamberlain (Union) as being an attacking party near Hatcher's Run. March 25, 1S65. (1274) Moody's brigade, Anderson's corps, Lee's army, April, 1865; Maj. Wra. J. Mims in command. •' THE FORTY-FOURTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-fourth regiment was organized at Selma in May, 1862. The ist of July found it in Richmond, bn- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. m ;jaded with one Mississippi and two North Carolina regi- ments under Gen. A. R. Wright. In 1862, the Fourth Alabama was added, and in January, 1864, upon reorgan- itation, the North Carolina commands were replaced by the Fifteenth, Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Alabama, under General Law, who remained in command until January, 1865, when Colonel Perry was made the brigade commander. Camp diseases played havoc with the regiment, and with greatly thinned ranks it went into its first battle at Second Bull Run, August 30, 1862, and lost two of its captains, T. C. Daniel and William T. King. It took part at Harper's Ferry, September isth; Sharpsburg, September 17th, where it suffered severely, losing nearly two-thirds of its effective force ; Fredericks- burg, December 13th, and Suffolk, December 28th; and, transferred to Law's brigade, it wintered on the Rappa- hannock. In the Suffolk, Va. , campaign, companies A and B were captured at Hill's Point, April 18, 1864. At the battle of Gettysburg the regiment captured the first guns taken by the Confederates. It was sent with Long- Blreet's corps to the army of the West in time to take a prominent part in the battle of Chickamauga, September 19th and 20th, v/here again its loss was heavy. It fought at Lookout creek, October 28th, and at Knoxville, No- vember 17th; again at Dandridge, January 16 and 17, '864. The regiment was sent back to Virginia in time for the battle of the Wilderness, May 5th and 6th ; and •'V.is at Spottsylvania, May 7th to 12th, where- its casual- ties were great; also at Hanover Junction, Second Cold Harbor, June ist to 12th; and Bermuda Hundreds, June 'd to 10th. It was in the trenches around Petersburg tintil the final scene at Appomattox. Capts. T. C. Dan- iel and William T. King were killed at Second Bull Run; Capts. D. A. Bozeman and John H. Neilson, at Spottsyl- vania; Capt. Joab Goodson died in the service, as did '"';>t. Patrick P. Riddle; Capts. John M. Teague and William T. Dunklin were killed at Gettysburg; Capt. 1S4 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. John D. Adrian was wounded at the Wilderness air] killed at Chaffin's Bluff; Capts. Wm. N. Greene an,! Joseph T. Johnston were wounded at Chickamauga. The field officers were Cols. Charles A. Derby, killed at Sharpsburg; William F. Perry, who was made a briga- . dier, and John A. Jones; Lieut. -Col. George W. Car)-. ^ wounded near Richmond, and Maj. A. W. Denman EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XI, Part 2— (487) Wright's brigade, Huger's divi- sion, June 2sth to July i, 1862. (789) General Huger> report of same engagement, as supporting battery at junction of New Road and Charles City road, June 28th. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (651) Wright's brigade, Anderson'.s division, July 23, 1862; Col. James Kent commanding regiment. Vol. XII, Part 2 — (546) September i, 1862, "Right wing of army of Northern Virginia, or Longstreet's corps." (561) Medical director reports 5 killed and 2: wounded at Manassas Plains, August 30, 1862. (816) Capts. T. C. Daniel and William T. King killed. Vol. XVIII— (336) Two companies, A and B, support- ing Captain Stribling's battery at Hill's Point, Nanse- mond river, captured April 19, 1S63. Vol. XIX, Part i — (812) Medical director reports 4 killed and 65 wounded, Maryland campaign. Vol. XXI — (540) Transferred from Wright's to Law's brigade, Hood's division, November 26, 1862. (559) One killed, battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862. (1071) Col. C. A. Derby commanding regiment. (1000) ^ Law's brigade reorganized by detaching North Carolinn ^t regiments and replacing them with Alabama regiments, , so that the brigade comprised the Fourth, Fifteenth. | Forty-fourth, Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth, Januar}-. i 1863. I No. 44— (284) Col. William F. Perry commanding regi- 1 ment, Gettysburg campaign. (330, 339) Casualties, 34 | killed and 64 wounded at battle of Gettysburg. (393,39-; • | Colonel Perry's report: "General Law informed me that | he expected my men to take a battery. Such was thc.r | extreme exhaustion, having marched without interru: • tion twenty- four miles to reach the battlefield, and c.d- ^ vanced at a double-quick step fully a mile to engage tiic \ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 195 enemy, that I hesitated for an instant to order them im- n.cdiatcly forward. . . . However, I rushed forward, vhouting to them to advance. It was with the g-reatest ililliculty that I could make myself heard or understood *bove the din of battle. The order was, however, extended along the line, and was promptly obeyed. The men sprang fonvard, over the rocks, swept the position and took possession of the heights, capturing 40 or 50 prisoners around the battery and among the cliffs. . The conflict continued to rage with great fury until dark. Again and again the enemy with great force attempted to dislodge us from our position and retake the battery, in each case with signal failure and great loss. Lieut. - Col. John A. Jones, Maj. Geo. W. Cary and Lieut. W. P. Becker, acting adjutant, behaved with great coolness and courage. I abstain from mentioning by name others who deserve special commendation, because the list would be so long as to confer little distinction on any single individual, and because injustice might be done to others whose good conduct escaped my observation. The regiment lost 24 killed and 66 wounded." No. 54 — (223) Law's brigade. Hood's division. Long- street's corps, at Chickamauga and Chattanooga. (227) General Law's report of operations of his brigade from October 8th to 28th, on duty beyond Lookout mountain. (:.:9-23i) Mentioned in Colonel Sheffield's report, engage- ment near Lookout creek, on night of October 28th. No. 58 — (641) Assignment as above, January 31, 1864; Col. Perr>' commanding brigade. "^'o- 59 — (722) Law's brigade, Buckner's division, department of East Tennessee, March 31, 1864. (803) lirigade ordered to Charlotteville, Va., April 2 2d. No. 67 — (1022) Law's brigade, Field's division, Long- Mrcct's corps, Lee's army, May, 1864. (1060) Casualties, »7 killed and 112 wounded in battle of the Wilderness, May 4th to 6th. No. 80 — (763) Return of casualties, June 13th to July II, 1864, 5 killed and 15 wounded during siege of Peters- No. 87 — (877) Casualties, August ist to December 31st, •» killed and 29 wounded. __ No. 88 — (lyr)) Law's brigade, Colonel Perry command- "•^- Mentioned as being on the north side of the James ''ver, August, 1864. 196 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY No. 89 — (1238) Assig-nment as above, November 30 1864; Lieut. -Col. John A. Jones commanding regimen; No. 95 — (1268) In Perry's (late Law's) brigade. Leu ^ army, Field's division, Longstreefs corps, Appomattox campaign. (1277) Lieut.-Col. John A. Jones commanl ing regiment. Perry's brigade paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. THE FORTY-FIFTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-fifth regiment was organized at Auburn ir. May, 1862, and was sent immediately to Mississippi. At Tupelo it suffered very much from diseases incident t') camp life, losing a number of its men. It was at first brigaded under Col. A. Reichard, the other regiments of the brigade being from Louisiana. This organization was of short duration. In Walthall's brigade, com- manded by Gen. Patton Anderson, the regiment went into Kentucky, charged a battery at Perryville, October 8th, and met with severe loss. At Murfreesboro, De- cember 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863, the casualties were numerous. Brigaded under General Wood early in 1863, the regiment remained with the army at TullahooKi until midsummer. General Lowrey was in command 1 : this brigade at Chickamauga, September 19th and 2ot'r.. where the loss of the regiment was very heavy. It fought again at Missionary Ridge, November 15th, and at Rin;^ gold gap, November 27, 1863. The next year found tho regiment in the thick of the fights in the Dalton-Atlant.i campaign; at Resaca, May 14 and 15, 1S64; New Hwpo church, May 2sth, and at Decatur and Atlanta, July 20th to 26th. On July 22d was perhaps the most terrii'.L experience, for the fight was hand to hand. The color- bearers of the contending forces flaunted their flags int" each other's faces. The regiment color-bearer was killed. and Colonel Lampley and Major Freeman wounded anJ captured. Again the regiment fought, at Jonesboro. August 31st and September ist. It opened the battle .'' Franklin, November 30th, where it suffered fearfully, 1j'' .':j> ' vi; ,., .Ja; CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 197 « fi{jht at Spring Hill on the evening before. It was in •he battle at Nashville, December 15th and i6th. Con- w.hdated with the Sixteenth and Thirty-third Alabama, under Colonel Abercrombie, transferred from Lowrey's to Shelley's brigade, it proceeded to North Carolina. At the time of the surrender, the remnant of the regiment had been consolidated with remnants of the First, Six- teenth, Seventeenth, Twenty-ninth and Thirty-third, utill under Colonel Abercrombie, in Stewart's corps of Johnston's army. Captains Perry and Torbert were wounded at Chick- amauga, Clements at Murfreesboro, Jackson at Atlanta; Captains Gaifney killed at Perryville, John R. Carson at Franklin, Thomas Smith at Atlanta. Captain Lampley was promoted and became colonel ; Capts. Geo. C. Free- man and James Jackson were also promoted. The field officers were Cols. W. A. Goodwin, James C. Gilchrist, E. B. Breedlove, wounded at Murfreesboro, all i of whom resigned; Harris D. Lampley, killed at Atlanta, I and R. H. Abercrombie, wounded at Franklin; Lieut. - p Col. James Jackson and Maj. George C. Freeman, wounded at Atlanta I EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. f Vol. X, Part I — (787) Reichard's brigade, Second corps, \ June 30, 1862; Bragg's army of Mississippi. \ \"ol. XX, Part I— (659) Walthall's brigade (Gen. Pat- \ '■ ;i Anderson), Withers' division, Polk's corps, anny of i Tennessee. (677) Casualties, Murfreesboro, December j ,1', 1862, 13 killed, 71 wounded. (695, 762-767) Men- tioned in General Anderson's letter and report. (S99) Mentioned in Gen. S. A. M. Wood's report. Vol. XX, Part 2 — (420) Powell's brigade, Anderson's •Jivision, Hardee's corps, November 22, 1862. (448) Transferred to Polk's corps, December 12th. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (942) Wood's brigade (Colonel I-owrey), Hill's corps, July 31, 1863; Col. E. B. Breedlove (■"iiim.inding regiment. '^'o. SI — (159-162) Mentioned in Gen. S. A. M. Wood's li 198 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. report of battle of Chickamauga, September 19 and io, 1863, and in Capt. F. A. Ashford's report. (167-10.)) Report of Col. E. B. Breedlove, 22 killed, 95 wounded; officers and men behaved gallantly. (169-171, 174) Men- tioned in reports of Col. M. P. Lowrey and Lieut. R. W. Goldthwaite. No. 55 — (755) Mentioned in Gen. P. R. Cleburne's report, battle at Ringgold gap. (758) Thanks of Con- gress to General Cleburne and troops under his command at Ringgold gap, November 27, 1863. (769-771) Men- tioned in reports of General Lowrey, Col. Sam Adams, Lieut. -Col. H. D. Lampley; i killed, 8 wounded. No. 56 — (618, 823) Assignment as above, to December, 1863; Lieut. -Col. H. D. Lampley commanding I'egiment, December 14, 1863; total present, 366. No. 74 — (5S3) Mentioned in Gen. G. A. Smith's (Union) report of engagement of July 22, 1864. (595) Col. Wil- liam Plall's (Union) report of same engagement mentions death of color-bearer. (606) Mentioned in Col. W. W. Belknap's (Union) report of action of July 22, 1864, in which he says: 'The enemy fought bravely and obsti- nately, and many of them were shot down, fighting at the muzzles of our guns." Again, he says: "Our loss was heavy" (viz: 131 out of 380 in line). (639-669) Assign- ments as above. (662) Lieut. -Col. Robert H. Abercrom- bie commanding regiment, July 31st. (731-733) Men- tioned in Gen. M. P. Lowrey's report of engagement ut July 22, 1S64, in which he says the gallant Colonel Lamp- ley was wounded and captured, leading the charge, and Maj. George C. Freeman twice wounded, and captured. The loss of this regiment was 27 killed, 72 wounded. No. 93 — (667) Assignment as above, December 10, 1864; Sixteenth, Thirty-third and Forty-fifth, under Lieutenant-Colonel Aberciombie. (6S5) Battle of Frank- lin, Tenn., November 30, 1864; Lieutenant-Colonel Abercrombie wounded. No. 100 — (773) Transferred from Lowrey's to Shelley's brigade, April 9, 1865, with Sixteenth, Twenty-sixth, Twenty-ninth and Thirty-third Alabama; general orders, No. 13, General Johnston. THE FORTY-SLXTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-sixth regiment was organized at Loachapoka in May, 1862, and went u:i:iicJiately to East Tennessee, COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 199 .here it was brigaded under General Leadbetter, but :; July transferred to General Taylor's command. At . Aicwell it met with several casualties. Went into Ken- !jcky in Stevenson's division, but took no part in any r^ht of consequence. Returning to Tennessee, the regi- •;:cnt was assigned v>'ith the Twentieth, Twenty-third, Thirtieth and Thirty-first Alabama, to General Tracy's '.jrifrade. Sent with the division to Mississippi, the regi- || ncnt sufifered greatly at Port Gibson (May ist), where • ".cncral Tracy was killed. At Baker's Creek, May i6, 1S63, after a terrible fight and many casualties, one-half the command, with the field officers, were captured. The ('.ilance took part in the siege of Vicksburg, May 17th to July 4th, and after considerable loss were captured, with the fort. Exchanged, the regiment was in the parole t.unp at Demopolis, and was reorganized under General I.ce ; and under Pettus, as brigadier, it joined the army of Tennessee. It fought at Missionary Ridge, November >5th, and Ringgold, November 27th. The winter was passed at Dalton, and the regiment, with varying casual- ties and successes, fought through the campaign from I'.ilton to Atlanta, and back again to Tennessee. Its ■•jr:lhant record at Columbia was never eclipsed, and it there suffered severely. At Nashville, December 15th *nd 1 6th, it was again engaged. In the retreat from Tennessee it was the rear-guard of the army and was ^•^s'hly complimented by General Hood. M'lving over to the Carolinas, it fougjit at Kinston, March 15 and 16, 1865, and at Bentonville, March iglh. It was consolidated with the Twenty-third, with Col. J. B. [iibb. Lieutenant-Colonel Kyle and Maj. J. T. Hester as "Cld officers, [and surrendered under the command of Captain Brewer, April 26th, at Salisbury. ^Adjt. Thomas Riggs and Capts. McCaskill and James ^V. Powell were killed at Baker's Creek, Lieutenant M^r.'irland at Jonesboro, and Capt. John F. Spinks ''■■:rm^' the retreat from Nashville. Capt. Leonidas li 200 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Stephens died in the service. Capt. George E. Brewer, senior captain, was in command during the greater par: of the existence of the regiment. The field officers were Col. Mike L. Woods, Lieut. -Col. O. Kyle and Maj. James M. Handley, all of whom were captured at Baker's creek. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (716) Leadbetter's brigade, post of Chattanooga, department of East Tennessee, Gen. Kirby Smith, June 30, 1S62; Col. M. L. Wood commanding regiment. (719) Taylor's brigade, department of East Tennessee, July 3, 1862. (984) Tracy's brigade. October, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (825) Field report of Second bri- gade. First division, commanded bv Gen. E. D. Tracy, gives Twentieth, Twenty-third, Thirtieth, Thirty-first and Forty-sixth Alabama regiments ; station, Chickasaw Bluffs, near Vicksburg, January 3, 1863. Forty-sixth had not yet reported there. No. 36— (680-682) Mentioned in Col. I. W. Garrotfs report of the battle of Port Gibson, Miss., May i, 1863. No. 37 — (51) Mentioned bv General McGinnis (Union). battle of Baker's Creek, ^liss.. May i6th. (loi-io,-,) Gen. S. D. Lee's report of same particularly mentions Major Handley. (326) S. D. Lee's brigade, army of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863; Capt. George E. Brewer com- manding regiment. (329) Lieuts. J. K. P. Cotton and J. T. House killed during the siege. (350) Mentioned in Gen. S. D. Lee's report of the siege. (354.355) Capt. George E. Brejver (commandin.s: regiment), in his report of the siege of Vicksburg, says: ' "Lieutenant-Colonel Pettus, who commanded at the' time (May 22d), greatly distinguished himself by his gallantry. " Casualties, 15 killed, 45 wounded. No. 38— (1059) Lee's brigade, army of Vicksburg, Demopolis, Ala., August 29, 1863. No. 55— (662) Pettus' brigade (reassigned November 12, 1863), Stevenson's division, Breckinridge's corps, army of Tennessee, General Bragg. (724) November 24 and 25, 1S63, 5 wounded. (731) Mentioned in report ot General Pettus, Lookout Mountain, November 24th. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 201 No, 56 — (804) Assignment as above, December, 1863; Captain Brewer commanding regiment. Xo. 57— (482) General Pettus reports 5 wounded at Dalton, Ga., February 25, 1864. No. 58— (587) January 20, 1864, Capt. James R. Cross commanding. No. 59 — (869) Assignment as above, April 30, 1864; Capt. James R. Cross commanding. No. 74— Assignment as above, April to August, 1864. No. 78 — (853) Assignment as above, September 20, 1864; Capt. James W. Powell commanding. No. 93— Assignment as above, in Nashville campaign. No. 94— (799) Pettus' brigade, January 19, 1865. Total present, 174. No. 98— (1088) General Hill's report, operations May 7th to 2 1 St, says: "Skirmish line placed under charge of Captain Brewer, corps officer of the day." No. I0C3 — (733) Assignment as in November, March 31, 1865; Capt. George E. Brewer commanding regiment; Col. Jos. B. Bibb commanding brigade. General Pettus' division. THE FORTY-SEVENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-seventh regiment was organized at Loach- apoka. May 22, 1862. Later, in June, the regiment arrived in Virginia and was brigaded, under General Taliaferro, vi-ith the Forty-eighth Alabama and several Virginia regiments. It was in Stonewall Jackson's "own division. " The regiment received its "baptism of fire" at Cedar Run, August 9th, where Captain Menefee was killed, and nearly one-half of the effective force of the regiment wounded more or less severely, 12 being killed outright. At Second Bull Run, August 30th, the regiment again suffered severely. It fought at Chantilly, September ist; at Harper's Ferr>', September 12th to 15th, and at the battle of Sharpsburg it did not lose its record for hard fighting and hea'v'>' loss. It was at Fredericksburg, De- cember 13th, and wintered on the Rappahannock. In January, 1S63, the Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth were transferred to Law's brigade, Hood's division. Long- / V _? I r ■ I 1 202 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Street's corps, with the Fourth, Fifteenth and Forty- fourth Alabama. The early part of the spring, the regi- ment, under Longstreet, was operating around Richmond and Suffolk. July found it in the thickest of the fight at Gettysburg, where 4 officers out of 21 were killed, and the casualties embraced one-third of its effective force. Transferred with Longstreet's corps to the army of Ten- nessee, it took a prominent part at the battle of Chicka- maiiga, September 20th, and at Knoxville, November 17th to December 4th. In early spring, Longstreet's corps was sent back to the army of Northern Virginia in time for the battle of the Wilderness, May 5 and 6, 1S64; and at Spottsylvania, May 7th to 12th, with a return, as usual, of severe losses. General Perry was made briga- dier, with the same organization as above, Captain Glower commanding regiment when it was paroled at Appomattox. Capts. A. C. Menefee was killed at Cedar Run, Jos. Johnson at Gettysburg, and Jas. H. Sanford at the Wilderness; Lieut. George W. Gammell was killed at Sharpsburg, and William Grimmett at Second Bull Run. The field officers were Cols. James M. Oliver. James ■ W. Jackson and Michael J. Bulger; Lieut. -Col. L. R. Terrell, killed on the Darbytown road, and Majs. John G. Johnson and J. M. Campbell, the latter killed near Richmond. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. ■Vol. XI, Part 3 — (64S) Taliaferro's brigade, army of Northern Virginia, July 23, 1862, Stonewall Jackson's "own division." Vol. XII, Part 2— (206,207) Report of Col. A. G. Taliaferro, commanding brigade, battle of Cedar Run, August, 1862, gives 12 kifled, 85 wounded. (207-209) Lieut. -Col. J. W. Jackson states that it was the first battle that any of this regiment had ever been in, and that they acted well. (Jne captain and 11 men were killed, and 90 wounded, some of them slightly. He says CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 203 that Captain Menefee conducted himself with great gal- ".jntry, and that in his death the regiment has sustained J j:rcat loss. (210) Mentioned in Maj. J. Stover's report. (aij) Mentioned in Maj. H. C. Wood's report. Vol. XII, Part 2 — (561) Medical director reports 7 killed, 25 wounded, Manassas Plains, August 30, 1862. (3 1 6) Lieut. William Grimmett, killed August 30th. Vol. XIX, Part i — (1009) Return of casualties, battle of Sharpsburg, vSeptember 17, 1862, 10 killed, 35 wounded; Lieut. George W. Gammell killed. Vol. XXI — (543) Assignment as above, December 10, 1S62; Taliaferro commanding division. Colonel Warren, brigade, and Capt. James M. Campbell, regiment. (686) Mentioned in Col. E. T. H. Warren's report of battle of Fredericksburg. (1099) Special order. General Lee, January 19, 1863, transfers regiment from Taliaferro's brigade, Jackson's old division, to Law's brigade, Hood's division, Longstreet's corps. No. 44 — (284) Law's brigade, consisting of the Fourth, Fifteenth, Forty-fourth, Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Alabama regiments, in battle of Gettysburg; Hood's division. First army corps. Colonel Jackson, Lieuten- ant-Colonel Bulger and Maj. J. M. Campbell, successively, in command of regiment. (330) Medical director reports 10 killed, 30 wounded, in same battle. (392, 393) ^len- tioned in Col. William C. Gates' report. (395) Report of .Maj. J. M. Campbell: "Lieut. -Col. M. J. Bulger fought most nobly. Out of 21 officers, 4 were killed; all the »i acted well. About one-third of the whole number were killed and wounded." Footnote: "Lieutenant- Colonel Bulger was not killed. On July 16, 1863, he l>ccame colonel, vice James W. Jackson, resigned." N'o. 51 — (18) Law's brigade, commanded by Colonel Sheffield; Hood's division, commanded by General La^v; Longstreet's corps from army of Northern Virginia, in ^rniy of Tennessee, General Bragg, September 19 and JO. 1863. -"^'o- 54 — (229, 230) Commended in Col. J. L. Sheffield's '"^-"port of engagement near Lookout creek, October ii, •863; no casualties in regiment. •^'o- 55— (658) Detached with Longstreet's corps for tjperations in East Tennessee, November 4th. ^'"- 59 — ("•22) Law's bric;ade,Buckner's division, March ^•1 204 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. % 31, 1864, department of East Tennessee; Col. M. J. Bulger commanding regiment. No. 67 — (1060) Return of casualties (no date) gives yy killed, 61 wounded; General Law wounded, June 3, 1863 No. 80 — (763) Casualties, June 13 to July 31, 1864, 6 killed, 9 wounded. No. 87 — (877) Casualties, August ist to December 31st, 7 killed, 27 wounded. No. 88 — (159) Reported as being on north side of James river. Colonel Bulger commanding regiment; Law's brigade, commanded by Colonel Bowles, of the Fourth. No. 89 — Field's division, November 30, 1864, com- manded by Capt. Henry C. Lindsey. No. 95 — {1268) Perry's (late Law's) brigade. Field's division, Longstreet's corps, April, 1865; Capt. Eli D. Clower commanding regiment. (1277) Perry's brigade paroled at Appomattox. j ! THE FORTY-EIGHTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-eighth Alabama was organized in May, 1862, at Auburn, and went into the war with overflowing ranks. Sent to Virginia, it was first brigaded under General Taliaferro, in Stonewall Jackson's division, with the Forty-seventh, from which it was never separated. The three Virginia regiments which were in the brigade were afterward exchanged for the Fourth, Fifteenth and \ Forty- fourth Alabama, in January, 1863 — the brigade | commanded by General Law — and the organization | remained intact until the closing scene. The first battle | of the regiment was at Cedar Run, August 9, 1862, where « it lost heavily. The story of the Forty-eighth is that of the Forty-seventh. Scarcely had the din of the fearful fight at Gettysburg passed away, when it was sent with Longstreet's corps to General Bragg, to take part in the terrible conflict at Chickamauga, September 20th; was at Lookout Valley and Knoxville, wintering in Tennessee. Still with Long- street, the regiment returned to the scene of its earliest encounters and fought unremittingly at the Wilderness, May 5 and 6, 1864; Spottsylvania, May 7th to 12th: CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 205 Hanover Junction, Second Cold Harbor, Bermuda Hun- dred, Petersburg, Fussell's Mill, Fort Harrison, Darby- town road, Williamsburg road, and Farmville, and sur- rendered at Appomattox, in Perry's brigade, with the other Alabama regiments with whom it had served so long. Adjt. H. S. Figures was killed at the Wilderness; Capt. Reuben Ellis was wounded, and Capt. D. R. King killed, at Cedar Run; Capts. J. N. DeArman, killed at Peters- burg, T. J. Eubanks at Lookout Valley, Isham B. Small at White Plains, R. C. Golightly at Sharpsburg, and Moses Lee at Second Bvill Run. Capt. Samuel A. Cox died in the service. Field officers: Cols. James L. Sheffield, wounded at Cedar Run, and William C. Oates, severely wounded at Fussell's Mill, who became distinguished as a statesman in the United States Congress after th&war, and was later governor of Alabama; Lieut. -Cols. A. A. Hughes, Jesse G. Aldridge and William Isl. Hardwick; and Majs. Enoch F Aldridge, wounded at Cedar Run, and J. W. Wigginton. \ EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. • Vol. XL Part 3— (648) Taliaferro's brigade, July 23, i ■ 1862, Stonewall Jackson's division, army of Northern I Virginia. I Vol. XII, Part 2 — (179) Medical director reports 12 \ killed, 61 wounded, battle of Cedar Run, August 9, 1S62. \ \ (206, 207) Report of Colonel Taliaferro, Twenty-third Vir- j \ pinia, commanding brigade, 15 killed, 58 wounded. (209) | Col. A. A. Hughes, in his report, says: "The officers and j men of my command behaved gallantly.'' (210) Men- ^ tioned by Major Stover, commanding Tenth Virginia, in 1 his report. (212) Mentioned with commendation in Maj. H. C. Wood's report. (561) Medical director reports 50 wounded at Second Manassas, August 30th. {816) Capt. Moses Lee killed, August 30th. Vol. XVIII— (338)' Mentioned by Col. J. K. Conoly, siege of Suffolk, Va. Vol. XIX, Part i — (808) In Taliaferro's brigade, army of Northern Virginia, during Maryland campaign. Col. J. L. Sheffield commanding britcade, after Colonels Warren ; \ 206 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. and Jackson. (1008) Col. J. W. Jackson and Colonel Sheffield commanding brigade. (1009) Casualties, 10 killed, T,T, wounded, at the battle of Sharpsburg, Septem- ber 17, 1862. Capt. R. C. Golightly killed. Vol. XXI— (543) December 10, 1862, Capt. C. B. St. John commanding regiment. (562) Five wounded at battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862. (686) Men- tioned by Col. E. T. H. Warren, commanding brigade. in his report of same battle. (1099) Special orders, X(\ 19, General Lee, January 19, 1863, transferred Fortv- eighth, Forty-seventh and Fifteenth Alabama from Tal- iaferro's brigade, Jackson's old division, Jackson's corps, to Law's brigade. Hood's division, Longstreet's corps. No. 44 — (2S4) Law's brigade (commanded by General Law and Colonel Sheffield), Hood's division, Longstreet'.-i corps, July, 1863. (330) Medical director reports 8 killed, 67 wounded, at battle of Gettysburg, July i to 4, 1863. (395. 396) Colonel Sheffield's report of the battle of Gettys- burg says: "Lieuts. F. M. Burk and R. L. Ewing. and Captains Eubanks and Edwards are especially noticed for their gallantry. Lieut. -Col. W. M. Hardwick and Maj. C. B. St. John were efficient until wounded. " (411) Major Bane, of Fourth Texas, refers to "the gallant Colonel Sheffield, of the Forty-eighth Alabama." No. 51— (18) Assignment as above, September 19 and 20, 1863, Bragg's army; Lieut. -Col. William M. Hard- wick commanding regiment. ^o- 54— (228-231) Colonel Sheffield's report of the en- gagement near Lookout Creek. October 28th. Captain Eubanks mortally wounded, and 3 privates. Thanks Lieut Joseph B. Hardwick and Sergeant-Major Robbins. (452) November 30, 1863, with troops in East Tennessee, commanded by General Longstreet. No. 67 — (1022) Assignment as above. May, 1864, in Field's division, Lee's army of Northern Virginia. (1060) Partial return of casualties, 1 1 killed, 30 wounded Mav 4, 1864. No. 80 — (763) Casualties, June 13 to July 31, 1864, i killed, 4 wounded. No. 87— (877) Partial return of casualties, August i to December 31, 1864, Skilled. 20 wounded. No. 88 — (159) Law's brigade. Colonel Perry command- ing, on north side of the James nver, August' 1864. No. 89— (1238) NovemlDer 30. 1864, CoL Wm. F. Perry CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 207 in command of brigade; Maj. John W. Wigginton com- manding regiment. No. 95 — (1277) Perry's brigade paroled at Appomattox, April 9, 1865. THE FORTY-NINTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Forty-ninth regiment was organized at Nashville early in the year 1862, and brigaded in April, under Colonel Trabue, in Breckinridge's division. It was first known as Hale's Thirty-first, and some confusion has arisen in the documents of the War Records between the Forty-ninth and Hundley's Thirty-first regiment, but great pains have been taken in collecting the extracts below. The first battle of this regiment was Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862, when it was commanded by Lieu- tenant-Colonel Gilbreath and fought nobly, losing quite a large number. It was warmly praised by Colonel Trabue. It formed part of the defense of Vicksburg during 1S62, when Lieut. W. H. Boggess was killed, and again at Baton Rouge, August 15th, where it lost severely It followed Van Dom to Corinth, and there again met heavy loss in the attack on that place. The winter of 1862-63 was spent in the vicinity of Port Hudson. For a short time General Beall commanded the brigade, then General i Buford. At the long siege of Port Hudson, the regiment | lost a large number of its men ; the balance were captured. ;. The regiment, when exchanged, was reorganized at \ Cahaba, and assigned to General Scott's brigade with the I Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fifth, Fifty-fifth and Fifty-sev- enth Alabama. Sent to Johnston's army, the brigade, then in Loring's division, wintered at Dalton, taking part in the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, continually fighting and skirmishing, but with comparatively small loss until it came to Atlanta, where many were sacrificed on the altar of patriotism. The regiment, reduced to a paltrj' num- ber, was merged into the Twenty-seventh, in July, 1864, by consolidation with the Twenty-seventh and Thirty- fifth Alabama, which had also been reduced to mere 208 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. squads, and was commanded by Col. S. S. Ives, of the Thirty-fifth, with Lieut. -Col. John D. Weedon, of the Forty-ninth. The regiment was on detached service at Selma. With Hood, it fought in the battle of Franklin. November 30th, where Colonel Ives was wounded; again at Nashville, December 15th and i6th, where many were killed and many captured. Ordered to North Carolina, commanded by Capt. W. B. Beason, it surrendered with Johnston's army near Smithfield, March 31, 1865. The captains killed were John R. Gardner, at Shiloh. and John D. Rivers and F. A. Payne, at Port Hudson. Capt. W. S. Bruce was captured at Port Hudson, and died in prison; Capt. G. C. Leadbetter died in service. The field officers were Cols. I. D. Hale and Jeptha Edwards ; Lieut. -Cols. M. Gilbreath, W. N. Crump, JohnD. Weedon; and Majs. B. Johnston and Thomas A. Street. ■-' ',- ■ EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VII— (905) Hale's battalion, in Breckinridge's bri- gade, Johnston's army, Murfreesboro, February 23, i86j. Vol. X, Part I— (384) First brigade. Col. R. P. Trabue. reserve corps, Gen. J. C. Breckinridge, April 6 and 7. 1862. (614-621) Mentioned in report of Col. Roben : Trabue, Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1S62. Lieutenant-Col- | onel Gilbreath, commanding Thirty-first (Forty-ninth) | Alabama, and the regiment, commended. "The regiment f acted with praiseworthy gallantry in this action." Loss J at Shiloh, 79. ' ] Vol. X, Part 2— (550) First brigade, General Hawes. reserve corps. General Breckinridge, Beauregard's army j of the Mississippi, Corinth, May, 1S62. | Vol, XV— (18) Thirty-first Alabama volunteers, Colonel Edwards, mentioned in report of Gen. Earl Van Dom, of defense of Vicksburg. (78) Mentioned in report of Gen. J. C. Breckinridge, engagement of Baton Rouge and occupation of Port Hudson, July 27 to August 4. 1862. (82) Two killed and 9 wounded; Lieut. W. H. Boggess killed, Vicksburg, July 15th. (84, 85) Mentioned in report of Col. J. Edwards, commanding, engagenier.t at Baton Rouge, August 5, 1S62. Lieutenant Childress, CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 209 of Company K, was mortally wounded, and Lieutenant Hays, of Company G, and Sergeant Loughlin, of Company 15, severely wounded while gallantly fighting. (273) Edwards' consolidated (Forty-ninth), Buford's brigade, March 15, 1863, at Port Hudson, La. (278) Casualties, I wounded during the bombardment of Port Hud- son, La. (934) General orders. No. 5, Port Hudson, January 7, 1863, General Gardner assigns consolidated regiment, consisting of Twenty-seventh, Thirty-first, and Sixth Alabama battalion, to Beall's brigade. (1033) Buford's brigade, March 31, 1863, department of Missis- sippi and East Louisiana, General Gardner commanding; Col. Jeptha Edwards in command of regiment. (1037) Assigned to Beall's brigade, by command of General Gardner, Port Hudson, April 6th. Vol. XVII, Part i— (375) Rust's brigade, army of the West, Van Dorn commanding, at battle of Corinth, August 30 to October 12, 1862. (407-409) Mentioned in General Rust's report. No. 38 — (613) Beall's brigade, January 31, 1863, district of Louisiana, Pemberton. (707) Buford's brigade, April, 1863, Stevenson's division; Col. Jeptha Edwards com- manding regiment. No. 41 — (143) Paroled at Port Hudson, July, 1863; Maj. T. A. Street with regiment. (147) Casualties up to June ist, 3 killed, iS wounded, in siege of Port Hudson. (150) Report of casualties of Beall's brigade. (551) Forty-ninth Alabama, 500 strong, at Port Hudson, La., as reported by (Union) General Dwight. No. 58 — (586) Forty-ninth Alabama and three compa- nies of partisans and exchanged prisoners at military post, Cahaba, January 20, 1S64. No. 74 — (645) Army of Mississippi, General Polk; Lieut. -Col. John Weedon commanding regiment. (652) Scott's brigade, army of Mississippi, General Loring; Capt. W. B. Beeson commanding regiment. (659) July 10, 1864, Scott's brigade, army of Mississippi, consolidated with Twenty-seventh and Thirty-fifth Alabama, under Col. Samuel Ives; Lieut. -Col. John D. Weedon. No. 75 — (724) Ordered by secretary of war, May i6th, to proceed to Dalton and report to General Johnston. (For other extracts, see those in connection with the Twenty-seventh Alabama, brigade organization remain- ing the same.) 210 CONFEDERA TE MI LI TARY HIS TOR \ : THE FIFTIETH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fiftieth Alabama regiment was organized at Cor- inth in 1862, from two battalions recently enlisted. Placed in Gladden's brigade it fought at Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862, with a loss of 123 killed and wounded, out of 700 men engaged. It was called at first the Twenty- sixth, but as there was already a regiment by that name, it was, after July, 1863, known as the Fiftieth. It was in the battle of Bridge Creek, May 28, 1862, with a loss of a killed. In June, 1862, the regiment was placed in Gen- eral Gardner's brigade, with the Nineteenth, Twenty- second and Thirty-ninth ; moved into Kentucky and lost about 20 men in a fight with General Sills' division. Transferred to Deas' brigade, it fought with conspicuous gallantry at Murfreesboro, winning the commendation of its division commander. General Withers, and losing So men in killed and wounded. It spent the remainder of the winter at Tullahoma; was for a time consolidated with the Thirty-ninth, under command of Col. H. D. Clayton, and in July it was numbered the Fiftieth, and was alternately commanded by Col. J. G. Coltart and Lieut. -Col. N. N. Clements. At Chickamauga it lost J 100 men, out of 500 engaged, and it also lost heavily at , Missionary Ridge. It wintered at Dalton, and did ardu- ous duty on the retreat to Atlanta, being engaged nearly ^; every day, and losing heavily in the bloody battles around Atlanta during the last week of July, 1S64. ' , The regiment moved into Tennessee with Hood, and -J was badly mutilated at Franklin. It then proceeded to the Carolinas and distinguished itself at Kinston, where a line of skirmishers, 40 strong, under Capt. E. B. Vaughan, captured a stand of colors and 300 men of the Fifteenth Connecticut. After April 9th it was consoli- dated with the Twenty-second, Twenty-fifth and Thirty- ninth, under Col. Harry T. Toulmin, and it was surren- dered at Greensboro, N. C. Col. John G. Coltart, who first led the regiment, was CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 211 wounded at Shiloh and Atlanta. He was frequently in command of a brigade, and about the time of the surren- der was in command of Hill's division. Lieut. -Col. N. N. Clements was promoted from the line, and was frequently in command of the regiment. Capt. J. C. Hutto was promoted to major. Major Gwin was wounded at Shiloh. Adjt. John C. Bruckner and Capt. George Arnold were killed at Atlanta. The "Limestone Rebels," who were mustered into service at Huntsville, September 17, 1861, formed Com- pany E of this regiment, Capt. Jim Malone, Lieuts. Dr. N. D. Richardson, William Richardson and John B. Mc- Clelland, and Orderly- Sergt. George W. McKinney. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I— (383) Gladden's brigade. Withers' divi- sion, at Shiloh. (538) Mentioned in Col. Z. C. Deas' re- port of battle of Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862. (544-547) Lieut. -Col. William D. Chadick says: " The Twenty-sixth was hotly engaged, contributing a full share to the driv- ing back of the enemy. When the charge was made upon the lines and into the camp of the enemy, the Twenty-sixth was among the first to penetrate them. " Colonel Chadick commends the officers and men, and states that Col. John Coltart and Maj. John S. Garvin were wounded. (551) General Chalmers' report speaks f^f the forward movement of the Twenty-sixth regiment upon the enemy. (7S8) Gardner's brigade, June 30, 1862; reserve corps, (jeneral Withers. (853) Col. Joseph Wheeler's report states the Twenty-sixth was in his com- mand in the battle of Bridge Creek, May 28, 1862; reports 2 killed. Vol. XX, Part i— (658) Deas' brigade. Withers' divi- sion, January, 1863, army of Tennessee. (677) Return of casualties, battle of Murfreesboro, Januar>' 2d, 4 killed and 76 wounded. (754) Commended in General Withers' report of same battle for gallantry. (973) Roll of honor, l>;itile of Muifreesboro: Private H. A. Thomason, Com- I'-my A; Sergt. J. E. Gilbert, Company B; Private L. P. Koberts, Company C; Private Reedy Ward, Company I>; Sergt. F. E. Mitchell, Company E; Private J. T. 212 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. McLain, Company G; Private J. H. Cotrel, Company H; Private John A. Usleton, Company I. Vol. XX, Part 2— (431) November 29, 1862, Col. N. N. Clements commanding regiment. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735) Deas' brigade, Twenty-si.xth and Thirty-ninth, Col. H. D. Clayton commanding; April I, 1863, Polk's corps, Bragg's army. (942) Under Lieut.-Col. X. N. (Elements, July 31, 1863. Hencefor- ward called Fiftieth. {958) Col. J. G. Coltart. No. 51 — (15) Deas' brigade, left wing. General Long- street, army of Tennessee, at Chickamauga. (318) Men- tioned in report of Gqn. Patton Anderson, September 19 and 20, 1863. (338, 339) Colonel Coltart's report gives loss 16 killed and 81 wounded. "The officers and men behaved with great gallantry, and I am proud to say there was less straggling than I have ever known. I have the honor to mention the names of the following non-com- missioned olficers and privates who have been reported to me as deserving much credit for their good conduct, viz: Sergt. L. Coker, Company F; Private J. B. Stew- art, Company G; Private W. L. Bridges, Company G; Private P. M. Light, Company G; Private M. Roberts, Company G; Private W. N. Pitts, Company H; Sergt. J. M. Pitts, Company I; Private E. H. Stinnet, Com- pany B ; Private Rudy Ward, Company D. No. 56 — (617-886) Total present, December 14, 1863, 289. No. 58— (589) January 20, 1864, Lieut.-Col. N. N. Clem- ents commanding regiment. No. 74 — (640, et seq.) Assignments as above, Hood's corps; June 30, 1864, Capt. G. W. Arnold commanding regiment; July 3tst, Capt. Archibald D. Ray commanding regiment; (776) Lieut. -Col. Harry Toulmiri, command- ing brigade, in report of operations July 28, 1864, says: " The Fiftieth Alabama regiment made a gallant charge, planting their colors on the enemy's works. Lieut. J. T. Bruckner (Acting A. A.-G.) fell while nobly doing his duty." (780.781) Capt. A. D. Ray, commanding Fiftieth Alabama, says of same battle: "Immediately after com- mencing the advance, Colonel Coltart was wounded, but remained with us until we charged the enemy in their breastworks, the officers and men acting most gallantly. During the time, General Johnston was wounded and Colonel Coltart was in command of the brigade, and Caj)- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 213 tairi Arnold in command of the regiment. During the second advance, Captain Arnold was severely wounded. During the engagement the officers and men under my observation acted gallantly and did their duty. vSix killed and n wounded." No. 75 — (673) General Hindman asks for the Fiftieth, Dalton, Ga., May 7, 1864. No. 78— (853) September 20, 1864, Col. John G. Coltart in command. No. 98 — (1064) Lee's corps moving to Georgia, January ao, 1865. Consolidated, after April 9th, with Twenty- second, Twenty-fifth and Thirty-ninth Alabama, under Col. Harry T. Toulmin, in Brantly's brigade. No. 100 — (734) Deas' brigade, March 31, 1865, Hill's division, Lee's corps; Capt. John E. Gilbert commanding regiment. Army near Smithfield, N. C. , commanded by General Johnston. THE FIFTY-FOURTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. TheFifty-fourth Alabama infantry was made up of troops from Tennessee and Alabama, and four companies from Alabama, first in the regiment of Col. L. M. Walker, of Tennessee. Most of these commands had been cap- tured at Island No. 10, after having served a year or more. The regiment was organized at Jackson, Miss., in October, 1S62; was brigaded under General Tilghman, later under Buford; fought at Fort Pemberton and at Baker's Creek, and escaped with small loss. At Vicks- burg, only a detachment under Lieutenant Abney was with General Pemberton, the rest of the regiment hav- ing gone with General Loring to take part in the defense of Jackson. From February until April, 1S64, the regiment was temporarily detached from Buford's command and sent to Montgomery for provost duty, when it was sent to the army of Tennessee, and in the brigade of General Baker, its former colonel, it took part in the Dalton- Atlanta campaign, losing very heavily at Resaca and at Atlanta, July 20 to 26, 1864. Among many killed was Lieut. Garrett Young. The brigade was with General Maury, in Mobile, for the next six months, when 214 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. it was transferred to North Carolina. Its last engage- ment was at Bentonville, March 19th to 21st, and here, though there were but a few over 300 men, the regiment captured 200 and more of the enemy. It was consolidated with the Twenty-fifth, Thirty-ninth and Fiftieth Ala- bama regiments, under Col. Harry T. Toulmin, only a short time before the surrender at Smithfield. Adjt. Horace M. Smith died in service. Its field officers were Cols. Alpheus Baker, who was promoted to brigadier, and, after the war, became distin- guished as a lawyer, and John A. Minter; and Lieut. - Col. Thaddeus H. Shackelford. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Fifty-fourth regiment Alabama infantry, formerly Fourth Confederate infantry, when first organized was called Fiftieth, but changed afterward to Fifty-fourth, formed from six companies, First Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee infantry-, and four companies, L. M. Walker's Fortieth Tennessee infantry. No. 36 — (553) Gen. L. Tilghman, Canton, Tenn., April 24, 1863, reports that he has started regiment and section of artillery to Carthage. No. 37 — (82) General Buford's report of operations at Edwards' Depot, Miss., May 16, 1S63. (328) General Pemberton's army at Vicksburg, July 4, 1863, includes a detachment under Lieut. Joel P. Abney. No. 38 — (613) In Tilghman's brigade, January 31, 1863, department of Mississippi, General Pemberton. (705) Tilghman's brigade, Loring's command, April, 1863. (746) Assigned to Buford's brigade, April 15th. (783) Gen- eral Pemberton orders General Tilghman, at Canton, to call in regiment. No. 53 — (515) Buford's brigade, Loring's division, Au- gust 20, 1863, department of Mississippi, General Johns- ton. No. 57 — (333) Assignment as above, February 20, 1864; General Polk in command of army. No. 58 — (816) Temporarily detached from Buford's brigade, February 29, 1864, and ordered by General Polk to proceed to Selma to report to (ieneral Withers. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 215 No. 59 — (602) March 9, 1864, regiment ordered to Montgomery, Ala. (816) Relieved from duty at Mont- gomery, April 28, 1864, to report to General Johnston for assignment to Baker's brigade. No. 74 — (649, et seq ) Baker's brigade, Johnston's army of Tennessee; Lieut. -Col. John A. Minter commanding regiment, Atlanta campaign. (818) See Thirty-seventh regiment. (845) General Baker's report of operations, including battles of Rocky Face, Resaca and New Hope Church, May 7 to June 2, 1864, says: "We have to mourn the loss, in this sanguinary conflict, of many brave men, among whom was First Lieut. Garrett L. Young, commanding Company C, Fifty-fourth Alabama, who fell within a short distance of the enemy's intrenchments, gallantly leading his command. Nor can I forbear to allude to the heroic death of the Rev. J. P McMullen, a missionary' to this brigade, an aged Presbyterian clergy- man of spotless and exalted character, who, having been to our soldiers the preceptor and example of all that is admirable in the Christian, won upon this bloody field the crowning honor with which the martyr patriot alone is worthy to be wreathed." (852-854) Report of Col. J. A. Minter, May isth, 5 killed and 20 wounded; May 24th, I wounded; May 25th, 3 killed and 18 wounded; May 30th, 4 killed and 10 wounded. "In the fatiguing marches and the different engagements, the men have borne up with cheerful fortitude, like men who are deter- mined to defend their rights and their countr>'. In every engagement. Private Joseph Powell, of Company H, and Private James H. Flevin, of Company C, highly distin- guished themselves for their daring, bravery and coolness. With much regret I have to report Joseph Powell wounded and captured while reconnoitering the enemy's position, on the evening of the ^ist, and James Flevin severely wounded in the shoulder, in the same engagement." No. 78 — (834) Transferred to Mobile with Baker's bri- gade, subsequent to August, 1864. No. 79 — (875) Baker's brigade, November i, 1864, Lid- dell's division, district of the Gulf, General Maury. No. 98 — (1064) Twenty-second Alabama (consolidated with Twenty-fifth, Thirty-ninth and Fiftieth), under command of Col. Harry T. Toulmin, after April 9, 1865. No. 100 — (734) March 31, 1865, in Baker's brigade, Johnston's army. 216 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. THE FIFTY-FIFTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fifty-fifth Alabama was made up of Snodgrass* and Norwood's battalions. Snodgrass' (Fourth) battalion was in Breckinridge's reserve brigade in February, iS6;, and was employed for some time near Pensacola, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Conoley. In Trabue's brigade it lost 30 men at the battle of Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862, where it fought under Maj. J. M. Clifton, and was highly commended in official reports. It was engaged in the defense of Vicksburg in 1862, where Maj. G. L. Alexander was killed, and at the battle of Baton Rouge, August 5, 1S62, where it fought bravely and suf- fered severely. It fought in Rust's brigade near Corinth, in October, 1862, and was highly commended by its bri- gade commander. In March, 1863, at Port Hudson, it was consolidated with Norwood's battalion and formed the Fifty-fifth regiment, about 900 strong, under Col. John Snodgrass, in Buford's brigade. The regiment fought at Baker's Creek with great loss; also at Jackson and subsequent engagements in Mississippi. Transferred to Scott's brigade, it served continuously in the army of Mississippi, until, as part of Stewart's corps, it joined the •army of Tennessee in the spring of 1864, and took part in the continuous fighting of the Dalton-Atlanta cam- paign. At Peach tree Creek it was fearfully mutilated, losing more than half its number. It also lost heavily in Hood's winter campaign, suffering severely at Franklin and Nashville. Proceeding to North Carolina, it was con- solidated after April 9, 1S65, with the Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fifth, Forty-ninth and Fifty seventh, under Colonel McAlexander, and was surrendered at Greensboro with Johnston's army. Col. John Snodgrass led the regiment with untiring bravery throughout the war. At Peachtree Creek, which proved so disastrous to the regiment, many officers were lost. Maj. J. H. Jones, Adjt. J. C. Howell. Capts. J. W. Evans and Arthur B. Carter were killed, and Lieut. -Col. John W. Ix'orwood, Capts. J. H. Cowan, J. M- ^1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 217 Thompson and Peter Nunnally were wounded there. C-pt. D. C. Daniel was wounded at Resaca and Atlanta. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Fourth Battalion Infantry (also called Sixteenth), Licut.-Col. John Snodgrass, merged into Fifty-fifth rcjjiment. Vol. VI— (838) March 4, 1862, near Pensacola, Fla. (S^S) Lieutenant-Colonel Conoley commanding; ordered to destroy buildings, etc., if attacked by overpowering force. (853) Mentioned in letter of Gen. Sam Jones. Vol. VII — (905) February 23, 1S62. In Breckinridge's reserve brigade, Murfrecsboro, Tenn. Vol. X, Part I— (384) In Trabue's brigade, Breckin- ritlRe's reser^-e corps, April 6 and 7, 1862, Shiloh. (614, 615) Mentioned as under Maj. J. M. Clifton, in Colonel Trabue's report. (617, 61S) Commended in Trabue's re- port. (620) Major Clifton commended by Trabue. (621) Battalion (called Clifton's) lost 30 men at Shiloh. Vol. XV — (18) Mentioned in Gen. Earl Van Dorn's re- port, defense of Vicksburg; Lieutenant-Colonel Snod- j^rass commanding. (78) ^Ientioned in General Breckin- ridge's report of operations near Baton Rouge, August 5, i86r. (82) Three killed, 22 wounded, Vicksburg; Maj. Ci. L. Alexander killed. (85, 86) Colonel Snodgrass' rt-port of Baton Rouge, August 5, 1862, says: "I take pleasure in calling your attention to the gallant and en- thusiastic conduct of Privates John Thompson, Company F, and J. M. Byrd, Company G, who boldly moved in ad- vance of the command and discharged their arms with due •■aution and alacrity. They were the first to open fire •'nd the last to quit the field, and I am happy, while re- 1 ■ ■■ting the especially worthy conduct of these two pri- v.ites. to not have a single instance of cowardice or waver- '^ik' to report, the whole command having advanced and •-tood under fire, from which older troops and greater numbers had retired." One officer and 10 men wounded. Vol. XVII, Part i— (373) In Rust's brigade, with Cen- tral Van Dorn, battle of Corinth. (407-409) Commended in General Rust's report of operations near Corinth, October 2, 3 and 4, 1862; skirmishers under Major Gibson. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (7S6) Mentioned in General Lovell's ''■port, Decembers, 1S62; ordered south of the Yalabusha nver. Smallpox in ranks. 11 218 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 38 — (613) January 31, 1863, in Rust's brigade, witi: General Pemberton. (707) April, 1863 (called Sixteenth battalion), in Buford's brigade, with General Pembcrt'.n Sixth Battalion, Alabama Infantry. Vol. XV — (r,-,;! January 7, 1S63, consolidated with Twenty-seventh an,! Thirty-first Alabama, and commanded by Colonel Simon- ton, Port Hudson, La. (1033) March 31st, in Buford-> brigade, with Gen. Frank Gardner's battalion; com- manded by Lieutenant-Colonel Snodgrass. No. 38 — (613) January 31, 1863, in Beall's brigade, with General Pemberton. (707) April, in Buford's brigade. united with Fourth battalion, under Colonel Snodgrass. Fifty-fifth Alabama Infantry, made up of the Si.\th (Norwood's) and the Sixteenth, sometimes called Fourth. (Snodgrass') battalions. Vol. XV — (273) Snodgrass' con- solidated (Fifty-fifth), in Buford's brigade, March 15, 1S63, Port Hudson. (1037) General Buford, with Twenty-sev- enth and Fifty-fifth, ordered April 6, 1863, to report to General Pemberton at Jackson. ^liss. No. 37 — (82) General Buford's report of operations, Edwards Depot, May 16, 1863. No. 38 — (746) Assigned to Buford's brigade, April 15, 1863. (824) Ordered to guard bridge near Edwards Depot, May 3d. No. 53 — (515) Buford's brigade, August 20, 1863, Lor- ing's division. General Johnston's army. No. 74 — (645, etseq.) Scott's brigade, Loring's division, Polk's corps, Atlanta campaign. (S95) General Scott s report of fight of Peachtree Creek, July 20, 1864, gives :<) killed and 63 wounded. (897) Colonel Snodgrass' report of same battle: "After the order to charge was given, my regiment moved forward under a terrilale enfiladini: fire of grape, canister and minie, as well as a gallin^^' direct fire, until they had passed considerably the first line of the enemy's works. My regiment was consider- ably scattered, but none left the field." No. 78 — (854) September 20, 1864, General Hood in command of army; Maj. James B. Dickey commanding regiment. No. 93 — (666) Same assignment, Nashville campaign No. 98 — (1063) Twenty-seventh Alabama (consolidated with Thirty-fifth, Forty-ninth, Fifty-fifth and Fifty- seventh Alabama), under Col. Edward McAlexander, after April 9, 1865. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 219 THE FIFTY-SEVENTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fifty-seventh regiment was organized at Troy, March, 1863, as part of Clanton's brigade; was temporarily attached to Slaughter's brigade, and in September was j(;ain with General Clanton. It was on duty at Mobile and Pollard until January, 1864. Moved to Demopolis, it was attached to Scott's brigade, and joined the army of Tennessee in time to share in the perils and hardships of the Dalton-Atlanta campaign ; was in numerous battles and skirmishes, but did not suffer greatly until Peachtree Creek, when the regiment was severely cut up, losing almost half its number. It then moved into Tennessee and lost heavily ; at the battles of Franklin and Nashville ; was transferred to North Carolina, and fought at Benton- ville with severe loss. It was consolidated with the Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fifth, Forty-ninth and Fifty-fifth regiments, under the command of Colonel McAlexander, and surrendered with Johnston's army at the close of the war. Col. J. P. W. Amerine, its first colonel, was succeeded by Col. C. J. L. Cunningham, who led the regiment for the greater part of the war, after December, 1863; he was wounded at Franklin. Lieut. -Col. W. C. Bethune, Capt. A. L. Mulligan, Maj. J. H. Wiley and Capt. R. H. Lane were at different times in command. Lieut. -Col. Bethune and Captain Faison were wounded at Peachtree Creek; Major Arnold and Capt. Bailey M. Talbot were killed there. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Fifty-seventh Alabama infantry. Col. J. P. W. Amerine, (also called Fifty-fourth). No. 42— (39) Temporarily at- tached to Slaughter's brigade, department of the Gulf, June 8, 1863; called "a new regiment from Clanton's bri- gade." (131) August ist. Colonel Amerine commanding regiment and brigade. (156, 157) August 10, 1863, sta- tioned at Pollard. (239, 240) September 19th, at Pollard, A!.i., in General Clanton's brigade. (275, 402, 511, 561) ITS • I -"i* 220 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Assignment as above, to December. (334) October 18th, spoken of by General Maury as being very large, and excellent in its appointments and drill. (550) December 26th, report of Maj. C. J. L. Cunningham, of Fifty-sev- enth regiment. (556) Highly commended by General Clanton, May 9, 1864. No. 59 — (604, 659, 862) March, 1864, under CoL C. J. L. Cunningham, in Scott's brigade, Polk's army. April 30th, Lieut. -Col. W. C. Bethune commanding. No. 74 — (645, et seq.) Assignment as above, Atlanta campaign; Colonel Cunningham. (664) July 31, 1S64, Capt. Aug. L. Milligan commanding regiment, in Scott\ 1 brigade. Hood's army. (670) August 31st, Colonel Cua- j ningham commanding regiment. (895) Report of Gen- 1 eral Scott, battle of July 20th, 13 killed and 98 wounded. \ (897) Report of Capt. A. L. Milligan, Fifty-seventh reg; \ iment: "The long list of casualties in this regiment, ni ^' the engagement of the 20th instant, will be sufficient evi- r denceof its deep devotion to the cause of Southern liberty and independence. The regiment, commanded by Col- onel Bethune, went into action 330 strong. It lost in killed, wounded and missing, 157, including 2 field officers and I staff officer, and 15 line officers." No. 78 — (5S9) Highly commended by General Clanton. (854) September 20, 1864, under Maj. J. Horatio Wiley, in Scott's brigade. Hood's army. No. 93 — (666) Same assignment, Nashville campaign. No. 98 — (1063) April 9, 1865, consolidated with Twenty- seventh, Thirty-fifth, Forty-ninth and Fifty-fifth, under Col. Ed. McAlexander, Shelley's brigade, Stewart's corps. No. 100 — (73s) Under Capt. R.euben H. Lane, Scott's brigade, Johnston's army. THE FIFTY-EIGHTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fifty-eighth regiment was formed from the Nint!; battalion. This battalion was organized at New Bern, November, 1S61, and proceeded to Corinth in the spring; was engaged at Shiloh, Farmington and in a number 01 skirmishes with slight loss, but suffered more severely at Blackland, losing about 20 men killed and wounded, be- sides a large number by disease at Corinth and Tupelo. I- was sent to Mobile in the summer of 1S62, and remamci^ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 221 there until the following spring. Proceeding to Tulla- hotna, it was placed in Clayton's brigade and was in »cveral small engagements, chiefly at Hoover's gap. In July, 1863, two additional companies were added and the Fifty-eighth Alabama was formed. Consolidated with the Eighth Tennessee, under Col. Uushrod Jones, it was placed in Bate's brigade and took part in the battle of Chickamauga. On the first day of this great conflict it assisted in the capture of four pieces of artillery; and on the second day it was in the desperate charge which broke the enemy's line, losing in the battle 148 out of 254 men engaged. This regiment was one of the most distinguished at Chickamauga. It was saluted on the field by General Bate, its brigade commander. General Clayton commends the excellent order which marked its movements and relates how Captains Lee's and Crenshaw's companies accompanied him several miles in pursuit of the routed enemy. It was united with the Thirty-second Alabama and placed in Clayton's brigade in November, 1863, taking part in the Chattanooga- Ringgold campaign. Out of ^oo present at Missionary Ridge, it lost 250. The regi- 'nicnt wintered at Dalton and accompanied the army of Tennessee in the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, engaging in numerous battles and skirmishes, often with heavy loss. It fought at Resaca, New Hope and Kenesaw, and within ten days lost more than 100 in killed and wounded. Transferred to Holtzclaw's brigade, it moved with Hood into Tennessee ; was severely engaged at Columbia, and took part in the terrible battles of Franklin and Nashville. It then went with the brigade to Mobile and was sent to assist General Gibson in his brilliant and heroic defense of Spanish Fort, March 31, 1865. It fought gallantly there and at Blakely, and finally was surrendered at Meridian. Col. Bushrod Jones was a very able and gallant officer. He was frequently in command of a brigade, and is men- 222 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. tioned by General Gibson as one of the brigade com- manders present at a council of war at Spanish Fort. H:^ place at the head of the regiment was filled by Lieut.- Col. John W. Inzer, and for a short time, in the spring ot 1865, by Major Kimbell. There were many casualtioi among the officers of this regiment. At Chickamau-.i. Capt. John Clow and Lieutenant Rader were killed, an 1 Lieutenant-Colonel Inzer, ilajor Thornton, Adjutar.t Harris, Captains Crenshaw, Harrell, Avirett and Holland were wounded. Major Thornton was also wounded .it Resaca and Atlanta; here Adjutant Hungerford and Captain Avirett were killed. Capt. Sidney F. Lister was killed at Missionary Ridge, and Capt. Sid Holland at Spanish Fort. Capts. W. E. Lee and George S. Mark- hara were captured at Missionary Ridge. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Ninth Battalion Alabama Infantry: Vol. X, Part i — (383) April 6 and 7, 1862, at Shiloh. (394) Ordered to Corinth, April 3d. Vol. XV— {1068) April, 1863, Col. Bushrod Jones; in Slaughter's brigade, department of the Gulf. \. Vol. XXIII, Part i— (611) June 24, 1863, at Garrison's | Fork, mentioned by General Bate. (613, 614) Com- | mended by General Bate. Middle Tennessee campaign. | June 24 and 25, 1S63, 5 woimded at Hoover's Gap. | Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (943, 959) Bate's brigade, Bragg's ] army, summer, i.Sdj. ' No. 42— (130) April, 1S63, detached from Mobile and -' sent to General Bragg. Captain Avirctt's Company of Fifty-eighth Regiment; No. 42 — (154) Mentioned in report of skirmish at Sandy Ridge, N. C, February 13, 1863. (508) Captain Avirett's company reported as 90 strong, holding pits on the Neuse, January 8, 1S63. No. 74 — (S41) Col. Bushrod Jones, in his report of operations. May 5th to 27th, Atlanta campaign, says: " May 13th Captain Avirett's company was detached a:> skirmishers under Maj. Harry Thornton." (844) Lieu- tenant Curry and Captain Avirett were wounded May • • .1. »*T -» / ,/ » -i I :. . jif^i .;i ?.i CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 22S 15th. (For other references, see notes on Fifty-eighth ri'i:iment.) Fifty-eighth Alabama Infantry, formed from Ninth infantry battalion, consolidated with Thirty-second regi- ment after November, 1864. No. 50 — (231) In Bate's bri- jjade, Buckner's corps, Chickamauga campaign. Consoli- [ dated with Ninth Tennessee. \ No. 51 — (362) Gen. A. P. Stewart, in his report of bat- ^ tie of Chickamauga, says: "Clayton's brigade, aided by the Fifty-eighth Alabama, of Bate's brigade (Col. Bushrod Jones commanding), captured three pieces. " (367) Loss at Chickamauga, 21 killed, 128 wounded, Lieut. W. H. Rader killed. (369) Commended in list of soldiers dis- tinguished for gallantry. (384-386) Gen. William B. Bate speaks of capture of three pieces in which Colonel Jones participated. (388-391) Col. Bushrod Jones, in his report of the battle of Chickamauga (September 19th), says: "Lieutenant-Colonel Inzer behaved with conspic- !■ uous gallantry during the engagement, and rendered much valuable aid by words and example, in causing the j' men to charge with enthusiasm, and in reforming the j! regiment, ^iajor Thornton's bearing was cool and gal- jj lant. He received a wound in the ankle early in the |! action which temporarily disabled him, preventing him jl from participating in the charge, but he found a loose |l artillery horse, mounted, and soon rejoined the regiment. j Adjt. R. T. Harris, who had been wounded in several i: battles, received a severe flesh wound in the thigh early I in the fight, while standing bravely at his post inciting | and encouraging the men. I commend the conduct and j bearing of both officers and men as deserving the highest f l>r:use. I saw none who failed to do his whole duty. ! '-OSS, 3 killed, 58 wounded, on first day. The bearing of the regiment in the second day's fight was even more gal- lant than on the first. Lieut. W. H. Rader, Company F. was the only officer killed. He fell, gallantly leading his men in the charge. Lieutenant-Colonel Inzer and Major Thornton, as on the first day, were eminently and conspicuously brave. Captain Harrell and Lieutenant Johnson, Captains Crenshaw and Holland, Lieutenants t,M()w, Ward, Perry. Rourk and Anderson, and Lieutenant Mills were severely wounded. Captain Avirett was wounded in the shoulder by a fragment of a shell before the charge, but he remained with his company and be- 224 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY haved with great coolness and gallantry." Commends Captain Lee, Lieut. J. F. McClellan, Lieutenant Good- wyn, Lieutenant Vandergrift and Lieutenant Hinton. who led their regiments bravely at all times and in the hottest fire. "Late in the evening the remnant of tin.' regiment united in making a last charge . . . capturin^^ a large number of prisoners. Regiment was saluted on the field by General Bate." (397) Mentioned in Lieu- tenant-Colonel Frayser's report. {402) General Clayton. speaking of pursuit of the enemy, says: "I take pleasure in mentioning that Captains Crenshaw and Lee, with their companies from the Fifty-eighth Alabama regiment 'A Bate's brigade, accompanied mine beyond the road They are gallant ot!icers. " He speaks also of the excel- lent order in which the Fifty-eighth Alabama moved. (534) Roll of honor, battle of Chickamauga: Sergt. Joel B. Freeman (color-bearer). Company A; Sergt. S. C. Johnston, Company A; Private J. N. Ward, Company B; Sergt. J. L. Huddleston, Company C; Private J. H. Burgess (killed). Company D; Private Z. E. Lee, Com- pany E; Private J. V. McGinnis, Company F; Private T. J. Mize, Company G; Private S. J. Harrell, Companv H; Sergt. W. C. McClellen, Company I; Corp. J. R. Rogers, Company K. No. 55 — (661) Under Lieut.-Col. John W. Inzer, Clay- ton's brigade, Bragg's army, Chattanooga-Ringgold cam- paign. (745) With the Thirty-second Alabama; 8 killed, 34 wounded. No. 56— (686) November 12, 1863, regiment transferred from Bate's brigade to Clayton's brigade, Stewart's divi- sion. (805) December loth, with the Thirty-second Ala- bama, under Col. Burt Jones, in Clayton's brigade. (824) December. 14th Thirty-second and Fifty-eighth Alabama regiments, 325 strong, in Breckinridge's corps. No. 57 — (479) February 24 and 25, 1864, 3 killed, 31 wounded at Rocky Face mountain. No. 73 — (22) Mentioned at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864, in report of Atlanta campaign, by General Slocum (Union). No. 74 — (641, et seq.) Assignment as above, Atlanta ■campaign. July lo, 1864, in Holtzclaw's brigade, Clay- ton's division. (832-834) Commended by General Clay- ton in his rejjort of operations. May 7th to 27th. Lo— ;es. 15 killed and 54 wounded, in Thirty-second and Fifty- li .n {'-.i.-W \V'> AX .A'A-- -.-V/.O";* CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 225 eighth Alabama regiments, consolidated (841-844) Col. Bushrod Jones says that on May 12th, one company of pickets was left under the command of Major Thornton. "I claim only for my regiment that, with a full knowl- edge of the superior forces massed in their front, they advanced with cool and deliberate gallantry, and that they endured all that brave men can be expected to do. ... I regret to state that Maj. Harry Thornton is among the wounded, but his wound, though disabling for several weeks perhaps, is not dangerous. He endeavored to remain with the regiment, but, after a trial of several days, he was compelled to go to the rear. . . . May 25th, the losses were very heavy, equal to the average losses of a heavy battle. . . . Lieut. J. G. Goldthwait was wounded in the wrist, and Capt. G. W. Cox had his left thigh broken; both behaved with distingfiished gal- lantry. Lieutenant Mills was slightly wounded in the leg." At daylight. May 26th, the Fifty-eighth relieved the Eighteenth in the trenches (near New Hope church). May 15th, 15 killed, 54 wounded, out of 345 engaged. May 25th, 3 killed, 36 wounded, out of 225 engaged. No. 78 — (854) September 20, 1864, Maj. Harry L Thorn- ton, in Holtzclaw's brigade; Colonel Jones commanding brigade. No. 79 — (897) November 7, 1864, Thirty-second and Fifty-eighth consolidated, under Colonel Jones, 240 strong, with Gen. H. I). Clayton. No. 93 — (665) In Holtzclaw's brigade, army of Tennes- see, Nashville campaign. No. 103, No. 104 — March 10, 1865, in Holtzclaw's bri- gade, district of the Gulf. April, called the Thirty-sec- ond. (11 31) Consolidated regiment, under Major Kim- bell, ordered to be ready to skirmish with the enemy near Magnolia, and, if pressed, tall back to Spanish Fort, March 20th. THE FIFTY-NINTH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Fifty-ninth Alabama was formed from the Second and Fourth battalions of Hilliard's legion, at Charleston, Tcnn., November 25, 1863, under the command of Col. Boiling Hall, Jr. It was in Grade's brigade and took part in the East Tennessee campaign. It was at the investment of Knoxville, and the fights at Dandridge 226 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. and Bean's Station. In April, 1864, it reached Rich- mond, and took part in the battles around that city; lost heavily at Drewry's, and was in the fight with Sheridan. It was in the trenches at Petersburg, and in conflicts in the vicinity, losing a number at Hatcher's Run and While Oak road. It was engaged at Appomattox and sur- rendered as part of Gordon's corps. Gen. Bushrod R. Johnson's division. Colonel Hall being wounded, and Lieut. -Col. John D. McLennan killed, at Drewrj-'s, George W. Huguley succeeded to the command; Maj. Lewis H. Grumpier, who was distinguished for his gal- lantry in the battle of Chickamauga, was in command in April, 1865. Capt. H. H. Rutledge was killed at Drew- ry's, and Capt. Zach Daniel at Hatcher's Run; Adjt. Crenshaw Hall, Capts. S. E. Reaves and R. F. Manly were wounded at Drewry's; the latter was wounded and captured at Hatcher's Run; Capt. John E. Hall was wounded at Petersburg; Capts. J. C. Hendrix and J. W. Dillard died in the service, and Capt. J. Lang was twice wounded. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Fifty-ninth Alabama infantry, formed from Second and Fourth battalions, Hilliard's legion. Col. Boiling Hall, Jr. No. 54 — (534, 535) Mentioned in report of Gen. Bush- rod Johnson, engagement at Bean's Station, December 14, 1863. No. 58— (64-) Grade's brigade. Gen. Bushrod R. John- son's troops, January 31, 1S64. No. 59 — (722) March 31, 1862, in Grade's brigade, Longstreet's department. (S02) April 20, 1S64, in Grade's brigade. Gen. B. R. Johnson's corps. No. 68 — (207) In Gracie's brigade, Ransom's division. Forces in the Richmond and Petersburg lines, May s to 10, 1864. No. 69 — (862) May 31, 1864, in Gracie's brigade. Ran- som's troops. No. 81— (703) June 30, 1S64, mentioned by Gen. Bush- rod Johnson; abuut 250 strong. No. 88— (1065) September 28, 1864, mentioned by Gen. 1 v.. H n-o -L...>...... CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 227 John C. Babcock (Union). (1166) August, 1864, Lieut.- Col. Gcorg^e W. Huguley, in Gracie's brigade, Johnson's division. (1227) September i, 1864, in Gracie's brigade with General Beauregard. (131 1) September 30, 1864, in Gracie's brigade, Johnson's division. No. 89 — (1190) October 31, 1864, Gracie's brigade, B. R. Johnson's division. (1242) November 30, 1864, Gracie's rigade, B. R. Johnson's division. (1368) December 31, 1864, Gracie's brigade, B. R. Johnson's division. No. 95 — (233) March 25, 1865, mentioned in report of Colonel Weygant (Union), skirmish near Hatcher's Run. (268) March 25, 1865, mentioned in report of General Chamberlain (Union), skirmish near Hatcher's Run, says: "Advance was made with great vigor and boldness, though not in heavy force." (1274) Maj. Lewis H. Crumpler, in Moody's brigade, Johnson's division, Lee's army, April 9, 1865. No. 96 — (202) January 22, 1865, mentioned by General Parke (Union). (610) Mentioned by General Meade (Union). (1174) January 31, 1865, Lieut.-Col. George \V. Huguley, in Gracie's brigade, Lee's army. (1183) January 31, 1865, in Gracie's brigade, Lee's army. (1273) February 28, 1865, in Gracie's brigade, Lee's army. No. 97 — (219, 220) Mentioned by Colonel Weygant (Union), in report of fight near Watkins house, Peters- burg, March 25, 1865. THE SIXTIETH ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Sixtieth Alabama was formed of four companies of the First, and six companies of the Third battalion, Hilliard's legion, under the command of Colonel Sanford, at Charleston, Tenn., November 25, 1S63. • It spent the winter in the campaign in East Tennessee and proceeded to Richmond in the spring. It lost heavily at Drewry's Bluff, where it was complimented on the field by General Gracie; was in the trenches at Petersburg and lost almost continually; suffered severely at White Oak road and Hatcher's Run. At Appomattox, it is said, the men were "huzzaing over a captured battery and a routed foe," when the news of the surrender was received. The regiment surrendered 1O5, rank and file. Col. John 228 CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY. W. A. Sanford was wounded ac Bean's Station. Lieut. - Col. Daniel S. Troy, who succeeded in command, was wounded at Drewry's, and was again wounded and cap- tured at Hatcher's Run while gallantly bearing the col- ors of the Fifty-ninth Alabama in front of the charge of the two regiments. Major Hatch was killed, and Capts. S. A. Williams, John W. Smith and G. A. Tarbutton were wounded, at White Oak road ; and Capt. David A. Clark died of wounds received at Appomattox. EXTR.\CTS FROM OFFICIAL W,\R RECORDS. No. 54 — (53s, 536) I^Ientioned in report of Gen. Bushrod Johnson, engagement at Bean's Station, December 14, 1863. No. 58 — (642) Grade's brigade, Gen. B. R. Johnson's troops, January 31, 1S64. No. 59 — (722, 802) March and April, 1864, in Gracie's brigade, Bushrod R. Johnson's corps. No. 68 — (207) May 5 to 10, 1864, in Gracie's brigade. General Beauregard's forces near Richmond and Peters- burg. No. 69 — (861) May 31, 1864, 342 present for duty. Gracie's brigade. Ransom's division. (902) June 2 2d, ordered to report to Gen. G. W. C. Lee, and placed at New Market hill. No. 81— (670, 671) June 20, 1864, Gen. R. S. Ewell, Richmond, Va. ; 342 men. (674) June 21st, ordered to hold New Market, Gen. G. W. C. Lee. (679) January 22d, order- ed to report to Gen. Wade Hampton at Bottom's Bridge. No. 82 — (748) July 7. 1864, in Gracie's brigade, relieved by General Beauregard at New ilarket hill. No. 88 — (1065, 1060, 1 213, 1227, 131 1) Mentioned in Gracie's brigade, Johnson's division, commanded by Gen. G. T. Beauregard. (1238) September 8, 1S64'. ordered to report to (General Hampton, by General Ewell. No. 89 — (198) October 13, 1864, regiment reported be- tween Burnside mine and City Point railroad.— Letter of John C. Babcock (Union). (508) November 4th, men- tioned as near Burnside mine. (S93) December 9th, regi- ment reported as under marching orders. (1190, 124-, 136S) To December 31st, in Gracie's brigade, Bushrod K. Johuion'b division. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 229 j^o, (J5 — (2-},:^ March 26, 1S65, mentioned by Lieuten- ant-Colonel Weygant (Union), operations of March 25, 1865, near Hatcher's Run; Lieutenant-Colonel Troy, leading brigade, wounded. (268) March 2Sth, mentioned by Gen. J. L. Chamberlain (Union) in report of same fight. (1274) April 9th, Moody's brigade, Johnson's division. No. 96 — (1174, 1183, 1273) In Gracie's brigade, John- son's division, January and February, 1865. No. 97— (219, 220) Letter from Lieut. -Col. C. H. Wey- gant (Union) says: " In fight of March 25, 1865, Lieuten- ant-Colonel Troy, in command of Confederate force, was bearing the colors of the Fift3'-ninth Alabama in front of the charge, when he was shot down and captured by a soldier of One Hundred and Twenty-fourth New York volunteers." THE SIXTY-FIRST ALABAMA INFANTRY. The Sixty-first regiment was organized at Pollard in September, 1863, and formed part of Clanton's brigade until the following January, when it was sent to Virginia and took the place of the Twenty-sixth in Battle's brigade. It was in Mobile in December, and in January, 1864, was sent to Orange Court House. It was.undcr fire at the Wilderness with severe loss, and distinguished itself by the capture of a battery, and by a most desperate and successful attack upon General Jenkins and his New York zouaves. After fighting at Spottsylvania and Second Cold Harbor, it moved into Maryland with General Early. It lost heavily at Snicker's Gap, Winchester and Fisher's Hill; was in the trenches at Petersburg and engaged dur- ing the retreat to Appomattox, where it surrendered, 27 strong, under Capt. A. B. Fannin. It was commanded successively by Col. W. G. Swanson, Lieut. -Col. L. H. Hill, Maj. W. E. Pinckard and Capt. Augustus B. Fannin, Jr. Lieutenant-Colonel Hill, Major Pinckard and Capt. ^V. H. Philpot were captured at Petersburg. Capt. -^■. B. Fannin, Jr., was wounded atCwkl Harbor and Win- chester. Capt. James W. Fannin was captured at ^ I ' I ' r 230 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Spottsylvania, and Capt. A. F. Zachary was wounded there. Capt. A. J. Slaughter was wounded at Snicker's Gap, Capt. A. D. McCaskill was killed at the Wilderness, and Capt. J. J. Joiner was killed at Hare's Hill. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42— (239, 240) Mentioned in Gen. J. H. Clanton's reportof organization of his brigade; Col. W. G. Swanson commanding regiment, September 19, 1863. (275) Called also Fifty-fifth, in General Clanton's brigade, depart- ment of the Gulf, September 30th. (402, 511, 561) Called also Fifty-ninth, assignment as above, December, 1863, headquarters at Mobile, Ala. (549. 550) Report of Col W. G. Swanson. (556) Commended in a communication of General Clanton. No. 58 — (629, 726) General Polk says that special orders were issued, January 25, 1S64, directing this regi ment to proceed fortliwith to northern Virginia, No. 60 — (1122) By special orders. No. 20, January 25, 1864, assigned to the army of Northern Virginia. (11 76) By special orders, No. 36, assigned to Battle's brigade in place of O'Neal's regiment, February 12, 1864. No. 67— (10S3) Mentioned in Gen. C. A. Battle's com- munication relative to operations, May 8, 1864. | No. 7S— (5S9) Mentioned in letter of General Clanton to I General Polk, May 9, 1S64. | No. 88— (1217) In Battle's brigade, Second corps, army I of Northern Virginia, August 31, 1864; Lieut. -Col. Lewis 1 H. Hill commanding regiment. i No. 89— (11 94) Brigaded under General Battle in army % of Northern Virginia, October 31, 1864; Maj." William E. \ Pinckard commanding regiment. (1246) November 30th, 1 Col. William G. Swanson commanding. (1364) Decem- ber 31st, Maj. William E. Pinckard commanding. No. 90 — (564) Battle's brigade, forces commanded by Lieut. -Gen. Jubal Eariy, battle of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864; Maj. William E. Pinckard commanding regi- ment. No. 95— (1270) Battle's brigade, Second corps, April, 1865; Capt. Augustus V>. Fannin, Jr., commanding regi- ment. No. 96— (1172, iiS:) Battle's brigade, Second corps, ni tL.'i ir.;5 \/''J •^■ '* J '. ) CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 231 army of Northern Virginia; Lieut. -Col. Lewis H. Hill cminanding regiment. RrSERVE REGIMENTS AND BATTALIONS INFANTRY. SI.XTV-SECOND, SIXTY-THIRD AND SIXTY-FIFTH REGIMENTS. There were about nine regiments and three battalions of reserves, composed for the most part of very young men, about two regiments being made up of old men, and they were organized principally for the defense of Mobile and the bay forts. Some of these were, in 1864, consoli- dated under the command of Col. Daniel Huger, of the First reserve regiment, and the new regiment was known as the Sixty-second Alabama. Others, under Col. Olin F. Rice, of the Second reserve regiment, were known as the Si.xty-third. The First battalion, also called the Fourth reserve regiment, was consolidated with the Third and Fourth battalions under Lieut. -Col. E. M. Underbill, and called the Sixty-fifth Alabama; it was employed mainly in the defenses of Mobile, though a detachment was sent to Montgomery in April, 1865, and retired before Wilson's army to Girard, where it fought with severe loss and was captured. The Sixty-second and Sixty-third fought in General Thomas' brigade at Fort Gaines and Spanish Fort, losing a large number in killed and wounded. Relieved at Spanish Fort by Holtzclaw's brigade, they v.-cre sent to Blakely, where, after enduring the privations :'tHl perils of the siege of Blakely, they were captured, and were exchanged a few days before the final surrender of the department of the Gulf. Captain Johnson, of the Sixty-third, was killed, and Captain Ward, of the Sixty- second, wounded, at Spanish Fort. Capt. J. W. Pitts, who assisted in the defense of Talladega during Rousseau's raid, became major of the Sixty-second. This regiment, composed wholly of young men, was especially compli- nu nted by General Liddell for gallant conduct at Spanish Fort. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. I First Reserve Regiment, Col. Daniel E. Hugcr: No. 74 — (97s) Major Walthall says: "Captain Pitts' company of boys on post duty at Talladega, July 13 to 15, 1864." (977) Major Walthall, in his report of operations, July 131!! to 15th, says: "Captain Pitts' company required for duty at the bridge at Talladega, Rousseau's raid. " No. 7S— (814) September 3, 186^, under Col. Daniel E. Huger, in Liddell's brigade, Mobile. No. 79, No. 93, No. 94 — In Thomas' command.. Mobile, November and December. 1864. No. loi — (681) First and Second Reserves, home guards, in and about Jlobile, January, 1865, 1,000 strong. No. 103 — (831) February 16, 1865, at Mobile. Union re- port says: "A regiment of boys, about 600 strong, com- manded by Colonel Withers (Huger)." (1045) March 10th, transferred from Taylor's command to Thomas'. (1046) March loth. in Thomas' brigade. Mobile. No. 104 — (216) April 4, 1S65, in Thomas' brigade. Second Reserve Regiment, Col. Olin F. Rice: No. 78 —(814) September 3, 1S64, Col. Olin F. Rice, in Liddell's brigade, district of the Gulf. No. 79 — (876) November i, 1864, Fuller's command, district of the Gulf. No. 94 — (633) December i, 1S64, Fuller's command, department of Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana. No. loi — (681) First and Second Alabama Reserves, home guards, 1,000 strong, Januarv, 1865, at Mobile. No. 103 — ; (264) April S, '1865, Fort Blakely, Ala.; 15 killed, 4^ ' wounded. (1045) March loth, transferred from Taylor's | command to Thomas'. (1046) Lieut.-Col. Junius A. Law, ^ in Thomas' brigade. Mobile. No. 104 — (226) April, \ 1S65, in Thomas' brigade. Mobile. ^ Third Reserve Regiment, Col. William W. Brooks: No. s 78 — (Si 4) September 3, 1S64, Col. Vv'illiam ^L Brooks, , Thomas' brigade, district of Gulf. (887) September 30th. ^ Thomas' brigade, department of Alabama, Mississippi | and East Louisiana. No. 79 — (901) Ordered to report to I the commanding officer at Cahaba. (915) November 12, | 1864, ordered to report to General Adams. No. 93 — \ (1233) Six companies at Cahaba; Lieut.-Col. Samuel I Jones. (1239) November 22d, ordered to Selma. (1244) i November 24th, ordered to Pollard. No. 94 — (634) Decern- \ ber ist, in Clanton's brigade. Six companies at : Cahalxi. No. 103 — (90^) I'ebniary 17, 1865, Third Al.i- • baina Reserves ordered to report to General Adams at 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 233 Sclma, relieved at Mobile. (1045-1047) March loth, Clan- ton's brigade, Mobile. No. 104 — (364) Mentioned as at Montgomery, April 15, 1865. First Reserve Battalion, Lieut. -Col. W. M. Stone (be- came Fourth Reserves): No. 78— (814, 887) September, 1864, Thomas' brigade, district of Mobile. No. 93 — (1233) Called Fourth Alabama reserves, in Col. T. H. Taylor's command at Mobile, November 20, 1864. No. 94 — (634) Same assignment as above, December i, 1864. No. 103 — (968) February lo, 1865, Fourth Reserves relieved at Mobile and ordered to report to General Adams at ^Montgomery. No. 104 — (364) Mentioned as at Montgomery, April 15, 1S65. Third Reserve Battalion, Capt. F. S. Strickland: No. 78 — (814) September 3, 1864, in Liddell's brigade, dis- trict of the Gulf, at Mobile. No. 79 — (875) November ist, in Baker's brigade, Liddell's division, Maury's army. No. 93 — (1233) November 20th, detached from district of the Gulf with Fourth battalion, under Lieut. -Col. E. M. Underbill. No. 94 — (633) December i, 1864, with Fourth battalion, Baker's brigade. Fourth Reserve Battalion: No. 79 — (875) November I, 1864, Baker's brigade, district of the Gulf, Mobile. No. 93 — (1233) November 20th, Taylor's brigade, Mobile, with Third battalion, under Lieut. -Col. E. M. Underbill. No. 94 — (633) December i, 1864, same assignment. Baker's brigade. First Junior Reserves Regiment: No. 103 — (997) February 20, 1865, 330 for duty at Mobile. Second Junior Reserves Regiment: No. 103 — (997) February 20, 1865, 428 for duty at Mobile. Third Senior Reserve Battalion: No. 103 — (997) Feb- ruary 20, 1865, six companies at Pollard, one company Senior Reserves cavalry at Mobile ; two companies Senior Reserves light artillery at Mobile. (99S) Third Senior Reserves at Monte vallo, February 20, 1865. Fourth Senior Reserves: No. 103 — (998) February 20, 1865, 150 for duty at Montgomery. State Reserves. No. 78— (751) August 3, 1864, Col- onel Patton's command reinforced by 38S Alabama State Reserve troops. Mobile, Ala. No. 86 — (911) In Mobile "11 city defenses. Report of Maj. F. W. Marston, chief signal ofhccr, December 22, 1864. No. 93 — (1233) Under Lieut. -Col. Young L. Royston, at Selma, November 20, 234 CO NEED ERA TE MILITA R Y HIS TOR Y. 1864. No. 104— (226) In Maury's command, Mobile, April, 1865. MILLIARD'S LEGION. Hilliard's Legion was organized at Montgomery, June, 1862, and consisted of five battalions; one of these, a mounted battalion, was early detached and became part of the Tenth Confederate cavalry. The Legion pro- ceeded to Montgomery nearly 3,000 strong, under the command of Col. H. W. Hilliard, and was placed in Mc- Cown's brigade. .It took part in the siege of Cumber- land Gap, and spent the fall and winter in Kentucky and east Tennessee. In April, Col. J. Thorington took com- mand of the Legion, and was succeeded in command of the First battalion by Lieut. -Col. J. Holt, the whole Legion serving in Grade's brigade at Chickamauga. In this battle it earned a splendid reputation. The First and Second battalions suffered the heaviest loss, leaving more than half their number either dead or wounded on the field. Lieutenant-Colonel Holt was severely wounded, and the command of the First battalion fell upon Captain Huguley. Maj. Daniel S. Troy was in command after Chickamauga. Lieutenant-Colonel Hall and Captain Walden, successively in command of the Second battal- ion, were both wounded. This battalion was the first to plant its banner on the enemy's works. The colors were pierced by 83 bullets. The standard-bearer, Robert Y. Hiett, was made a lieutenant. The other battalions aUo fought nobly and suffered severely both in officers and men. The Third was complimented on the field by General Pond. The legion continued fighting in Gracle's brigade in east Tennessee until, on November 25, 1863, it was dissolved. Parts of the First and Third were consoli- dated and formed the Sixtieth Alabama, under Col. J. W. A. Sanford; the Second and Fourth, under Col. Boiling Hall, Jr., became the Fifty-ninth Alabama. Three com- \ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 235 p;inies of the First battalion became the Twenty-third h;ittalion, or Stalhvorth's sharpshooters. The history of the legion is continued in the records of these organiza- tions. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part i— (loio) September 22, 1862, at Cum- berland Gap. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (708) June 26, 1862, ordered to Chat- tanooga. (717) July 2d, mentioned by secretary of war. (720) July 4th, ordered to Atlanta, Ga. (726) July nth, ordered to Chattanooga to report to Major-General Mc- Cown. (748) Mentioned by J. F. Belton, as ordered to report to General Stevenson, August 8th. (824) Reeves' (Fourth) battalion at Clinton, September 14th. (847, 873) September, at Cumberland Gap. (S74) September J5th, cavalr>' ordered to Winchester. (975) Cavalry under Maj. M. M. Slaughter ordered to Flat Lick, Octo- ber 22d. (984) October 31st, in McCown's division, Gen. E. Kirby Smith's force. Vol. XX, Part 2 — (412-414) November 20, 1862, head- quarters Knoxville, Tenn , 1,095 present for duty; four battalions formed the Fifth brigade. (466) December 27th, First and Fourth battalions at Big Creek Gap; Sec- ond battalion at Cumberland Gap; Third battalion at Clinton. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (644, 645) February 20, 1863, with Gen. D. S. Donelson. First and Fourth battalions at Big Creek Gap; Second at Cumberland Gap; Third at Knoxville; Company A, First battalion, at Bristol. (711) March 9th, battalions as above. First battalion, Lieut.-Col. J. Thorington; Second, Lieut. -Cul. Boiling Hall, Jr.; Third, Lieut.-Col. J. W. A. Sanford; Fourth, Maj. W. N. Reeves. Two companies of First at Clinton, one at Bristol. (792) April 25th, under Col. J. Thoring- ton, in Grade's brigade, headquarters Bean's Station, Tenn. (946) July 31, 1863, assignment as above. First battalion, Lieut.-Col. J. H. Holt; Second, Lieut.-Col. B. Hall, Jr.; Third, Lieut.-Col. J. W. A. Sanford; Fourth, Major McLennan; headquarters, Cumberland Gap. (ojn) ^\ng-jst 3d, tlircc b.ittali'-:r.s from Cumber- land Gap ordered to Strawberry Plains to report to Gen- eral Gracie. 236 COXFEDERATE MILITARY IIISrORY. No. 42 — (556) General Clanton says that at Chicka- mauga, the colors of the Second battalion were pierced by eighty-two balls, and President Davis promoted Lieu- tenant-Colonel Hall to colonel, and the color-bearer to a lieutenancy. Says the Legion is in Gracie's brigade, May, 1864. No. 51 — (16) September 19 and 20, 1863, in Gracie's brigade, Bragg's army. (416) Gen. William Preston in his report of Chickamauga says: "The brigade advanced with splendid courage, but was met by a de- structive fire of the enemy from the cover of their field- works on the hill. The Second Alabama battalion stormed the hill and entered the intrenchments. Here an obstinate and bloody combat ensued. Lieutenant- Colonel Hall was severely wounded while gallantly lead- ing his command in the assault on the hill. The Second battalion, out of 239, lost 169 killed and wounded. In the action its colors were pierced in 83 places, and were afterward, by request, presented to his Excellency, the President, who promoted the brave standard-bearer, Robert Y. Hiett, for conspicuous courage. George W. Norris, of Captain Wise's company, of Hall's battalion, fell at the foot of the enemy's flagstaff and was buried where he so nobly died." Lieutenant-Colonel Holt, of the First battalion, was severely wounded. (418) General Preston commends the gallantry of Lieutenant-Colonel Sanford, Major McLennan, Captain Walden and Surgeon Luckie. (421,422) General Gracie's report: "The First 4 battalion, Alabama Legion, sustained the heaviest loss. | Of 239 carried into action, 169 were killed and wounded. \ Among the latter was Lieutenant-Colonel Holt, seriously, 3 in the "knee. Among the killed, Lieut. R. H. Bibb. ... I It was the Second battalion that first gained the hill and j placed its colors on the enemy's works. Its colors bear marks of over eighty bullets. Its bearer, Robert Y. Hiett, though thrice v>-ounded and the staff thrice shot away, carried his charge throughout the entire fight. He deserves not only mention, but promotion. Lieuten- ant-Colonel Hall behaved most gallantly, receiving a se- vere wound in the thigh. Capt. W. L). Walden, Com- pany B, was wounded in the breast, arm and shoulder, inside the enemy's works. His case deserves special mention. Lieut. -Col. J. W. A. Sanford, commanding the Third battalion, Alabama Legion, nobly did his duty, i I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 237 sustaining heavy loss both in officers and men. Asst. Surgeon James B. Luckie, both in the field and at the hospital, was most attentive to the wounded, as, indeed, were all the medical officers of the command. Major McLennan, commanding the Fourth Alabama Leg-ion, nobly did his duty, sustaining heavy loss botli in officers and men." General Gracie also says: "To Lieutenant Gilmer, adjutant of the Alabama Legion, who, during the absence of its commander has acted as my assistant inspector-general, and to Messrs. George C. Jones and J. S. Harwell, both wounded, my thanks are due for services rendered at Chickamauga." (423) Col. Y. ^L Moody, Forty-third Alabama, says: "This (Second) bat- talion assisted in holding enemy's works at Chickamauga. . . . On September 19th, the Third battalion, Alabama Legion, was left on top of a slight elevation, to support Jeffries' and Baxter's batteries. We remained at this point until the morning of the 20th, exposed during even- ing of the 19th to enemy's shells." (424,425) Captain Hugiiley, of First battalion, says: "Colonel Holt was severely wounded early in the action, and the command devolved on me. We went into the engagement with 238, and had 24 killed and 144 wounded, 16 of whom were officers." (425, 426) Lieut. C. Hall says: "Lieuten- ant-Colonel Hall, while leading the command under the fiercest fire, was shot down at a time when by hard fight- ing we had almost reached the enemy's works. Captain Walden assumed command, and bravely led the still advancing line until shot down within the enemy's lines. Lieutenant Fisher, a brave officer of Company C, about this time was mortally wounded. The works were car- ried and the enemy driven before us in confusion. The battalion carried into action 230 aggregate: of these, 16 were killed, 75 wounded, many mortally. " Commends bravery of Capt. L. H. Crump'ler and Lieut. John H. Porter. (426, 427) Lieut. -Col. J. W. A. Sanford says: "We (Third battalion) carried into the fight on the 20th instant, 229 men. Of this number, 4 were killed and 42 wounded." He especially commends for courage and skill, Capt. John McCreless, Surgeon James B. Luckie, Corporal Hutto and Privates Hix, Turner and Tally of Company A; Sergeant Baygents and Privates Jackson, Brooks and Hall of Cumpany B; Private Brown, Com- pany C; Privates liufham, Quillan and Jesse L. Jackson 238 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. of Company D; Sergeant Harris and Privates Harris. Lewis, Skinner and "Williams of Company E; Privates Simmons, Patrick and Jackson of Company F. (427, 42i>) Major McLennan of Fourth battalion commends conduct of Privates McCain, Holly, King, Head, of Company A ; Corporal French and Privates Anderson, Flournoy. Smith, of Company B ; Sergeant Mahone, Sergeant Dan- iels and Privates Daniel, Hill, Rutledge, Bennett, of Com- j; pany D; Sergeant Stuckey, Corporal Martin, Corporal |! Cumbie and Privates Phillips and Lancey, of Com- i^ pany E, for conspicuous gallantry on the field. Roll If. of honor, Chickamauga, First battalion: Adjt. John Massey, Private John H. Conner,* Company A; j Private J. E. Wright, Company B; Private James M. Gibson, Company C; Private B. A. Davis,* Company D; Scrgt. J. L. Cox,* Company E; Private A, J. Daw,* Company F. Second battalion: Capt. W. D. Walden, Company B; Private John H. Randall, Company A; First Sergt. Socrates Spigener, Company B; Private Benj. F. Temple,* Company C; Private William P. Jones, Company D; Private George W. Norris,* Company E; Corp. Jos. V. Castlebury,* Company F. Third bat- talion: Capt. John McCreless, Company E; Private Micajah Kirkland,* Company A; Private John Blanken- ship. Company C; Private Henry R. Lewis, Company C. Fourth battalion: Private Jackson Lee,* Company A; ! Corp. James E. French, Company B; Private B. I\ Mar- ; tin,* Company D; Private R. S. Turlington,* Company !•;. 4 No. 54 — (452) November 30, 1863, Grade's brigade, | Gen. B. R. Johnson's forces. First battalion, iLaj. D. S. | Troy; Second, Capt. John H. Dillard; Third, Lieut. -Col. : J. W. A. Sanford; Fourth, Maj. John D. :\IcLennan. ^ No. 55— (659) In Grade's brigade. Buckner's division: detached November 2 2d, for operations against Burnsido j in east Tennessee. I No. 56 — (891) December 31, 1863, Gracie's brigade. Longstreet's corps. Parts of First and Third (Sixtieth Alabama), under Colonel Sanford; Second and Fourth (Fifty-ninth Alabama), under Colonel Hall. No. 78 — (589) May, 1864, General Clanton speaks of Legion as in Gracie's brigade. Same mention as above. No. 42, p. 556. ♦ Killed in action. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 239 FIRST MOBILE REGIMENT INFANTRY. The First Mobile regiment, called also the Mobile Guards, City battalion, and Local Defense corps, was organized for work in defense of Mobile and served in that city under command, successively, of Maj. W. S. Moreland, Col. A. W. Lampkin and Lieut.-Col. S. W. Cayce, until it was disbanded in the spring of 1S65 EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42 — (511, 561) December, 1863, Maj. W. S. More- land, Cantey's brigade, Mobile. No. 58 — (582) January ao, 1864, Col. A. W. Lampkin; assignment as above. No. 59 — (861) April 30th, assignment as above. No. 78 — (678) June 30th, Higgins' brigade, Mobile. (752) August 3d, assignment as above. No. 79 — (876) November ist, Lieut.-Col. S. W. Cayce, in Taylor's command, Mobile. No. 86 — (911) December 22d, Mobile. No. 93 — (1233) November 20th, called City battalion, in Taylor's com- mand. Mobile. No. 94— (633) December ist, in Taylor's command, Mobile. No. loi — (681) Mentioned as Brooks' Home Guards cavalry, in Maury's forces, Mobile, Jan- uary, 1865. No. 103 — (831) Union report says, about 300 men under Colonel Cayce, at Mobile, February 16, 1865. (931) Regiment disbanded by special orders from war department, January 25, 1865. (1046) Mention of City battalion and four companies of special service men, under Maj. William Hartwell, in Taylor's command, Maury's army, March 10, 1865. FIFTH ALABAMA BATTALION OF INFANTRY. The Fifth battalion was organized near Dumfries, Va,, December, 1861, and was at first placed in Whiting's brigade, but was soon transferred to Archer's brigade, where it served the greater part of the war. It fought with heavy loss in the battles around Richmond, being engaged at Mechanicsville, Cold Harbor, Gaines' Mill, Frayser's Farm, Second Manassas, Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. It went to Gettysburg 200 strong, and lost half its number. It was then phiced on provost duty 240 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. in Gen. A. P. Hill's corps, and remained in Virginia until it surrendered at Appomattox, 30 or 40 strong. Its first commander was Major Van de Graaff, but it was led at different times by Capts. S. D. Stewart, A. N. Porter, C. M. Hooper and Wade Ritter. Major Van de Graaf was wounded before Richmond, and at Fredericksburg. Capt. S. D. Stewart was wounded before Richmond and killed at Chancellorsville; Capt. A. N. Poi-ter was wounded at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville; Capt. Wade Ritter was wounded, and Capt. T. B. Bush was killed, at Second Manassas; Captain Burton was killed at Cold Harbor. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. V — (529, 530) March 21, 1862, Mentioned by Gen. W. H. C. Whiting. (1030) January 14th, Wigfall's bri- gade. Gen. G. T. Beauregard's forces, near Dumfries. Vol. XI, Part 2 — (276, 296, 309) Mentioned in reports of Seven Days' battles, by Union officers. (487) June to July, 1S62, in Archer's brigade, Jackson's corps, engage- ments around Richmond. (504) June 26th to July ist, 19 killed, 79 wounded, in fights before Richmond. (897, 898) Gen. J. J. Archer, in his report of Mechanicsville and Gaines' Mill, says: "The gallant and efficient Captain Van de Graaff, commanding the Fifth Alabama battalion, was killed, and the next captain in command, S. D. Stewart, wounded." (Van de Graaff was not killed, but severely wounded.) Vol. XI, Part 3— (650) July 23, 1862, in Archer's bri- gade, Jackson's army: Captain Van de Graaff. Vol. XII, Part I — (434) April 20, 1S62, at Fredericks- burg, Va. Vol. XII, Part 2— (iSo, 218) August 9, 1862, at Cedar Mountain, Va. , i killed and 8 wounded. (549) Septem- ber I, 1862, Archer's brigade, Jackson's corps. (562) At Manassas, 2 killed and 1 7 woimded, report of Surgeon Guild. (700, 702) General xVrcher says: "Among the officers whose gallantry I especially noticed in the action were Lieut. Charles M. Hooper, Fifth Alabama." Vol. XIX, Part i — (807, 1002) Maryland campaign, September 14, 1862, at Harper's Ferry, Captain Hooper. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 241 Vol. XXI— (542) July 23, 1862, Maj. A. S. Van de Graaff, in Archer's brigade, A. P. Hill's division. (554) Highly commended for action in battle of Fredericks- burg, report of Gen. R. E. Lee. (560) At Fredericks- burg, 3 killed, 18 wounded. (632) At Fredericksburg, in the pursuit of the retreating Federals, they charged with great gallantry and captured many prisoners; highly commended by Gen. T. J. Jackson. (646, 647) Gen. A. P. Hill says: "They gallantly aided in holding Gen- eral Archer's'line. . . . They gallantly chased the enemy across the railroad and back to their reserves." (657, 658) General Archer: "They nobly discharged their duty under Maj. A. S. Van de Graaff, who was wounded, and afterward under Capt. S. D. Stewart, and drove back the enemy." No. 39 — (791) In Archer's brigade, battalion at Chan- cellorsville, lost 3 killed and 30 wounded. (926) Capt. S. D. Stewart, commanding battalion, was killed at Chancellorsville. (92S) May 3, 1S63, report of Capt. A. N. Porter of the Fifth Alabama (who was knocked senseless by the bursting of a shell), at Chancellorsville: "We were ordered to support Pegram's battery; after supporting this battery for about half an hour, we were ordered again to charge the fortifications, which we did successfully, compelling the enemy to retreat in haste. It was here the lamented Capt. S. D. Stewart fell. He had commanded the battalion during the engagement, and just as victory was about to perch upon its banner, he fell, a noble offering to his country's freedom. . . . The Fifth Alabama behaved heroically. . . . Lieutenant (William P..) Hutton, Company A, Fifth Alabama bat- talion, behaved gallantly till he received a mortal wound, from which b.c died the evening of the same day." No. 44— (2S9) July I to 3, 1863, in Archer's brigade, A. P. Hill's coi-ps. (333) At Gettysburg, 26 wounded. (647) Mentioned in Colonel Shepherd's report of Gettys- burg campaign. No. 48 — To October 31, 1S63, in Archer's brigade, Lee's army No. 88 — (1030) September 26, 1864, mentioned rear Canal Basin, by Gen. John C. Babcock (Union). (1214) One hundred and fifty-one present for duty. Hill's corps, Lcc'b army, August'3ist. (i2i()) Unattached. (1243) September loth, 159 present. 242 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 95 — (1272) April, 1865, Capt. Wade Ritter, provost guard, Hill's corps, Lee's army. No. 96 — (1182) Capt. Wade Ritter, at headquarters, Gen. A. P. Hill's corps, January 31, 1S65. SEVENTEENTH BATTALION SHARPSHOOTERS. Yancey's battalion of sharpshooters was organized in the summer of 1S62; served with the army of Tennessee in the Stone's river campaign, and suffered severely in the battles of Murfreesboro and Chickamauga. It ser\'ed in Deas' brigade from April, 1863, until July 31, 1864, when it was transferred to Johnston's brigade. After the battle of Chickamauga, it wintered with the brigade at Dalton and took part in the incessant fighting of the Dalton-Atlanta campaign. Captain Yancey, the first commander of the battalion, was succeeded in April, 1863, by Capt. James F. Nabers, who led the battalion until July, 1S64, when Lieut. A. R. Andrews took his place EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (764) August 18 and 20, 1862, Capt. B. C. Yancey, in Gen. Frank Gardner's brigade. Gen- eral Polk's corps. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — {dii) June 30, 1862, in Gardner's brigade, Bragg's army. Vol. XX, Part i — (65S) Capt. B. C. Yancey, in Deas brigade, army of Tennessee, Stone's river campaign (677) Three killed, 15 wounded. (974) Roll of honor, bat tie of Murfreesboro: Privates John H Rutherford, Com pany A, killed in action ; Walter S. White, Company B Vol. XX, Part 2— (431) November 29, 1S62, in Gard- ner's brigade, army of Tennessee. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735) April i, 1863, Capt. James P. Nabers, in Deas' brigade, army of Tennessee. (942, 958) To Augiist 10, 1S63, in Deas' brigade, Bragg's army. No. 51 — (15) September 19 and 20, 1863, in Deas' bri- gade, Bragg's army. (340) Captain Nabers' report, i killed, 9 wounded. No. 56— (617, S05, i'.25) OtU)bcr to December, 1863, in CO.\FEDEtiATE MILITARY HISTORY. 243 Deas' brigade, anny of Tennessee; December 14th, 59 strong. No. 58 — (5S9) January 20, 1864, in Deas' brigade, Johnston's army. No. 59 — (869) April 30, 1864, Deas' brigade, Johnston's army. No. 74 — (640-663) In Deas' brigade, Johnston's army, April 30th, Capt. J. F. Nabers; July 31st, Lieut. A. R. Andrews. TWENTY-THIRD BATTALION SHARPSHOOTERS. The Twenty-third battalion, Maj. Nicholas Stallworth, was formed of companies E, F and G, First battalion of Hilliard's legion, at Charleston, Tenn., November 25, 1863. Serving for several months in the East Tennessee campaign, it moved to Richmond in April. It lost heavily in skirmishes around Richmond and Petersburg, and suffered severely at Drewry's; a mere handful re- mained to surrender at Appomattox. Major Stallworth, as a captain in Hilliard's legion, was wounded at Chick- amauga; Capt. W. E. Broughton was killed at Drewry's; Captain White was wounded, and Lieutenant Lampley succeeded in command. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 58 — (642) Grade's brigade. Gen. B. R. Johnson's troops, January 31, 1S63. No. 59 — (722, S02) Gracie's brigade, Bushrod R. John- son's corps, April, 1864. No. 69 — (862) Gracie's brigade. Ransom's troO])s, May 31, 1864, in department of Richmond. (902) Ordered to report to Gen. G. W. C. Lee, June 22d; placed at Mar- ket Hill. No. 88 — (1166) Lieut. Samuel Salter, Gracie's brigade, Johnson's division, Beauregard's army. (1227) Gracie's brigade, Johnson's division, September, 1864. No. 89 — (1190-1368) Gracie's brigade, Jolmson's divi- sion, October to December, 1864. ^'"- 'Jd — (1-74) M:J0dy's brigade, Johnson's division, Lee's army, April 9, iy65. t.r ^.f, 244 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. FIRST CONFEDERATE BATTALION INFANTRY. The First Confederate battalion was organized in the spring of 1862 from two companies of the Second Ala- bama, which was disbanding. It fought at Corinth, Baker's Creek, Yicksburg and Jackson; remained in Rust's brigade, army of Mobile, until April, 1863, when it was sent to Bragg's army and brigaded under Rey- nolds, and afterward, Adams. In March, 1864, it v,-as transferred to the army of Northern Virginia and placed in Davis' brigade, where it served until the close of the war, fighting at the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Peters- burg, Wtldon Railroad and Hatcher's Run. At the latter it was captured, April 2, 1865. It was commanded, suc- cessively, by Lieut. -Col. George Hoke Forney, Capt. J. M. Johnson, Lieut. -Col. Francis B. McClung and Capt. Anthony B. Bartlett. Colonel Forney was killed at the battle of the Wilderness ; Capt. Mike Donahue was killed at Weldon Railroad ; Capt. W. J. Scott was wounded at Second Cold Harbor. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 2 — (396) Maj. L. W. O'Bannon command- I ing, mentioned in report of General Villepigue, April 6, 1 1862. (476) With Second Alabama, in Villepigue's | troops, at Fort Pillow, April 30th. (608) Mentioned in % troops in and around Grenada, Miss., June 12, 1S62, 434 I muskets. \ Vol. XV— (1033) Maj. G. IT, Forney, Rust's brigade, ; General Gardner's army, March 31, 1863. No. 36 — (252-256) General Pemberton's report of oper- ations during siege of Vicksburg states that the battalion was sent to reinforce General B(jwen, April 15, 1S63. (663) Posted at Winkler's Bluff, April 30th; General Bowen's report of the battle of Port CHbr^on. No. 38 — (706-746) Assignment as above. Ordered to remain at Jackson and report to General Adams, April 15, 1863. (755, 756, 761, 773) Ordered to General Bowen, A[)ril 17, 1003. General l-owcn r.:\ys: "Just arriving," Grand Gulf, Miss., April 21, 1S63. (936) Reynolds' bri- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 245 pade, Loring's division, May 30, 1863. (1040) Adams' brigade, Loring's division, July 30, 1863. No. 42 — (130) General Maury says battalion was de- tached from garrison of Mobile and sent to General Bragg, April, 1863. No. 53, No. 56, No. 57, No. 58 — In Adams' brigade, Loring's division, to January, 1864. No. 59 — (604, 659) Assignment as above. March, 1864. (672) Transferred to army of Northern Virginia, Gen. Joe Davis' brigade, March 24, 1864. (674) Ordered to report to General Lee for assignment to Gen. J. R. Davis' brigade, March 25, 1864. (676) Lieutenant-Col- onel Forney ordered to rejoin his command at Cahaba, Ala., and proceed with it to the army of Northern Virginia, for assignment. No. 60— (954) Col. George H. Sharpe (Union) says battalion has been added to Joe Davis' brigade, April 23, 1864. No. 67 — (iioi) Private A. J. Sizemore, Company A, killed in battle of Bethesda Churcli; on roll of honor. No. 69 — (850) Company A, doing provost guard duty in Atlanta, ordered to join command in Lee's army, north- ern Virginia, May 30, 18^4. No. 80— (812) Roll of honor, battle of Weldon Railroad: Sergt. A. Hembree, Company A; Sergt. A. D. Stoude, Company B; Private John Dunnigan, Company D; Sergt. J. Maddon, Company F; Private John McXamara Company L (813) Roll of honor, miscellaneous engage- ments: Corp. B. J. Hugan, Company B, Corinth, Port Hudson, Grand Gulf, Baker's Creek, Wilderness; Pri- vate John Kelly, Company C, Fort Pillow, Corinth, Grand Gulf, Port Hudson; Sergt. Adolph W. Leslie. Company E, Fort Pillow, Corinth" Port Hudson, Baker's Creek, Jackson, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House (killed in latter engagement) ; Private Patrick I'ine- gan. Company F, Corinth, Port Hudson, Grand Gulf, Baker's Creek, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, Bethesda Church; Private Mitchell Smith, Company \. Fort Pillow, Corinth, Port Hudson, Grand Gulf, Baker's Creek, Jackson, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, Liberty Mills, Cold Harbor. No. 88— (i 218) Capt. J- M. Johnson, Davis' brigade, Hcth's division, August 31, i'--64. (1309) Lieut. -Col. Francis B. McClung, September 30, 1S64. J ■ }/ 246 COSFEDERA TE MILJ TARY HIS TORY. No. 89 — (1189, 1240, 1366) Assignment as above, De- cember 31, 1864. No. 95 — (1272) Capt. Anthony B. Bartlett, assignment as above, the Appomattox campaign. No. 96 — (1173, 1182, 1271) Assignment as above, Jan- uary and February, 1865; Maj. F. B. McClung command- ing, January 31st. No. 97 — (124) Mentioned in General Humphrey's re- port of a fight near Watkins house, Petersburg, March 25, 1865. MISCELLANEOUS BATTALIONS AND COMPANIES OF INFANTRY. There were many small and independent commands organized, principally for the defense of Mobile. Cap- tain Chisholm's company of State Guards, the Swanson Guards, and the Eufaula Minute Men, under Captain Hardy, served in Florida in the summer of 1863. Butts', Casey's, Harris' and Morrison's battalions, the Pelham Cadets, and Tuscaloosa Cadets, served at Mobile and in various parts of Alabama in 1864 and 1S65. Gracie's battalion, a detail from the Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh regiments, served in April and May, 1862, in the Peninsular campaign, in Johnston's army; More- land's sharpshooters at Rome, Ga., in 1864. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Butts' Battalion, Home Guards: No. 101 — (681) Bat- talion 300 strong, at Mobile, January, 1S65. Casey's Battalion, Home Guards: No. loi — (681) Battalion 300 strong, at Mobile, January 18, 1865. Gracie's Battalion: Details from Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh regiments: Vol. XI, Part 3— (480) April 30, 1862, 276 strong, in Kershaw's brigade. Peninsular cam- paign. (532) May 2ist, in Johnston's army, Kershaw's brigade. Harris' Battalion of Infantry, Capt. R. A. Harris: No. 78— (814, 8S7) September, 1S64, Thomas' brigade. Mobile. Morri.son's Battalion of Infantry: No. 78 — (799, Soo) Capt. J. D. Morrison sent from Meridian to General 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 247 Gardner at Mobile, with 180 officers and men, August 25, 1864. (814) September, 1864, in Thomas' brigade. Mobile. Moreland Sharpshooters: No. 59 — (872) April 30, 1864, in Cantey's brigiide, Johnston's army, encamped at Rome, Ga. No. 74 — (644) April 30, 1864, in Cantey's brigade, Johnston's army, encamped at Rome, Ga. Tuscaloosa Cadets. No. 42 — (556) May 9, 1S64, men- tioned by General Clanton as not liable to conscription when organized. No. 76 — (954) August loth, ordered to report to General Maury at Pollard, Ala. No. 78 — (589) May 9th, mentioned by General Clanton. (734) July 29th, commended by Governor Watts, jMontgomery, as well-drilled boys, under Col. L. C. Garland, 220 or 230 strong, ordered to Blue mountain. (746) August 1st, ordered to report to Col. Henry Maury at Pollard. No. loi — (617, 6S1) Two hundred strong (all boys, about 16 years old), at Mobile, January 23, 1S65. No. 103 — (353) April 4, 1865, at Tuscaloosa, Croxton's raid. No. 104 — (1177, 1178) March 30, 1865, commended by Colonel Gar- land, who protests against impressment of horses belong- ing to the corps. (1182) March 31st, at Tuscaloosa, Ala., mentioned by Gen. W. H. Jackson, in letter to Colonel Garland. Captain Chisholm's company of State Guards: No. 47 — (273) August 4, 1863, Captain Chisholm's company ordered by the governor to make arrests on the border of i Florida. Eufaula Minute Men, Capt. John Hardy: No. 47 — (248) July 30, 1863, in Cobb's brigade, district of Middle Florida. (32S) August 31, 1S63, in Cobb's brigade, dis- \ trict of Middle Florida. I Pelham Cadets: No. 59— (S61) Pelham Cadets, Capt. Price Williams, Jr., district of the Gulf, April 30, 1S64. No. 77 — (428) August 12, 1864, in garrison at Fort Guin<.s were 40 Pelham Cadets. No. 79 — (676) November ist, under Lieut. H. E. Witherspoon, Taylor's command. No. 86 — (911) December 22, 1864, defenses of Mobile. No. 93 — {1233) November 20, 1864, Taylor's command, Mobile. No. 94 — -(633) Same assignment, December i, 1864. No. 96— (475) February 6, 1S65, Pelham Cadets ordered out to disperse mob at Macon, report of General Grant. No. loi — (617) January 23d, 150 strong at Mobile. No, 103 — (1046) March loth, m Taylor's cuin- mand, Mobile. No. 104— (2^6) In Maury's command, - . i ll 24S CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Mobile, April 4th. (261) April ytli, Admiral Thatcher says: "There are no troops in Mobile except the Pelham battalion of boys." Swanson Guards: No. 42 — (131, 157) August i, 1863, in J. H. Clanton's brigade; Maj.-Gen. Dabney H. Maury commanding. • ^- ^" CHAPTER Y. THE ALABAMA CAVALRY COMMANDS — REGIMENTS, BATTALIONS ANU DETACHED COMPANIES — REF- ERENCES TO THEIR SERVICES IN THE OFFICIAL RECORDS. THE First Alabama cavalry was organized at Mont- gomery, November, 1861, under Col. J. H. Clan- ton. It was ordered to Tennessee, and was at Jackson, Tenn., March 6, 1862; ordered to Monterey March 31st, and opened the battle of Shiloli. Was with Generals Walker, Beall, Chalmers and Wheeler in the summer and fall of 1S62; afterward served, successively, in the brigades of Generals Hagan, Russell, Morgan and Allen, of Wheeler's corps. It moved into Kentucky and was distinguished at Munfordville, Perryville, and the many cavalry battles fought by Wheeler in the Ken- tucky campaign. It also fought with him at Nashville, Stewart's Creek bridge, and various skirmishes preceding and incident to the battle of Murfreesboro. It was especially thanked by General Bragg for gallant conduct in that great battle. It was also part of the rear guard which protected the retreat from Tullahoma and Chatta- nooga, losing severely at Duck river; fought at Chicka- mauga, Clinton and Knoxville, and took a brilliant part in the Sequatchee raid, in which nearly 2,000 prisoners and a train of 1,000 provision wagons were captured. The First Alabama cavalry took a very conspicuous part in the rout of Generals Stoneman, Garrard and McCook; and was also daily engaged in retarding Sher- man's advance, and harassing the enemy's front and flank in the Dalton-Atlanta campaign. It was in fights at or near Middleton, Fosterville, Lafayette, Marietta, Noon- 249 250 COi\FEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. day Creek and Big Shanty. Its colonel, James H. Clan- ton, was in the spring of 1863 commissioned a brigadier- general, and rendered very efficient service throughout the war until captured at Bluff Spring, Fla. , in March, 1865. He was succeeded in the command by Col. Wil- liam W. Allen, who was in tuni promoted to the com- mand of a brigade and afterward to a division, being commissioned major-general in March, 1865; he was wounded at Stewart's Creek, December, 1S63. Lieuten ant Ledyard, wounded at Murfreesboro, was pro- moted. Capt. David T. Blakey was wounded at Dan dridge, and he became colonel on the promotion of Col onel Allen, and led the regiment in many brilliant actions. Lieut. -Col. Thomas Brown was killed at Woodsonville Ky. ; Adjt. Wesley Tones at Fiddler's Pond, Capt George Speed at Noonday Creek, and Capt. Sydney E Allen at ^Murfreesboro. This regiment was asked for by General Lee in the summer of 1863. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS Vol. VII— (909-914) At Florence, Ala., February 26, 1862, Soo strong. 1 Vol. X, Part I— (29) Near Tuscumbia, March 16, 1S62. ^ (90) General Sherman says: "First Alabama engaged and 4 captured Federal pickets, April 4, 1S62." This letter I shows that Federals were surprised. (93) General Hardee | says: "Enemy attacked Clauton's regiment near Mickey's | April 4, 1S62." (3S4, 532) Mentioned in reports of Bragg i^ and Withers. (55;,) Gcuend Chalmers' report, Shiloh, , says that Colonel Clanton's First regiment Alabama cav- i airy protected our Hank from attack. "Colonel Clanton \ himself remained almost all the time with my brigade, and though constantly exposed to the most dangerous fire, exhibited the most fearless and exemplary courage, cheer- ing on those who seemed inclii ed to falter or grow weary, and with a detachment of his cavalry supplying us with ammunition when our wagons could not reach us." (612) Mentioned by Capt. A. W. Avery, Shiloh. (^53> S54) Ilii^b.lv cuniniciidcd m Col. Joseph Whcelcr'^> report, Bridge Creek, May 28, 1862: ""The conduct of CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 251 tlic officers and men in this affair was commendable, subjected as they were to a heavy fire of both artillery and infantr>', from a foe secreted by a density of under- jcrowth. They advanced steadily, not using their arms until they were ordered, when they fired with good effect. . . . The part of the line under the gallant Colonel Clanton was severely engaged about lo to ii o'clock on the morning of the agth, in which several were wounded on both sides." Colonel Wheeler mentions the gallant and good conduct of Colonel Clanton, and Private James Kerns, who was wounded while gallantly rallying a line of Mississippi troops which had been driven from their position. * Vol. X, Part 2 — (399) Mentioned at Jackson, Tenn., March 6, 1862, by Adjutant-General Garner, who says: "Colonel Clanton is gallant to rashness." (300) Men- tioned by General Bragg, Jackson, Tenn., March 6th. (303) ikientioned by Gen. L. P. Walker in letter from Tuscumbia. (307) In General Walker's brigade, army of Mississippi Valley, General Ruggles' corps, March 9th. (376) Ordered to occupy position in front of Monterey, March 31st. (459) Total' present, April 28th, 58S, in Gen- eral Beall's cavalry brigade. (534) May 2ist, Clanton's cavalry ordered to report to General Hindman and Gen- eral Trapier. (573) Clanton's cavalry assigned to duty with Chalmers' brigade, June 2d. Vol. XVI, Part i — (S93, S95, S97, 899) Gen. Joseph Wheeler's report: "On August 27, 1S62, I moved across the Tennessee river at Chattanooga with a command consisting of parts of First Alabama regiments, etc. At Carthage, ou September 7th, the First Alabama was detached from my command. ... At Horse Cave, near C.ivc City, on September iSth, was joined by first rcci- ment. On September 2i.st, at a point about four miles from Green river, the First Alabama made a galk'.nt resistance and handsome charge upon the enemy, in which Col. T. B. Brown was killed. . . . The fighting on the north side of the river was done by the First Ala- bama, Third Georgia and First Kentucky regiments, all of which acted well under great difficulties and disparity of numbers. ... On the Perryville and Lebanon road, a charge, one of the most brilliant of the campaign, was I' a'le in column; detachments uf tie I'irst and Third ALibama regiments cavalry with the gallant Cols. W. W. 252 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Allen and James Hajan, being in advance. ... In clus- ing this report, I cannot speak in too great praise of the gallantry of tiie ofhcers and men of the First and Third Alabama regiments, who were always ready to meet the enemy at any moment, performed all duties assigned them, and endured all hardships and privations without a murmur or complaint. The confidence I naturally placed in such noble officers and men caused me to call upon them, perhaps too frequently, for posts of danger and hardships, yet, never did they intimate that their details were more frequent than other commands, but with the greatest cheerfulness right bravely performed their double task thus imposed, sirfiply because their com- mander placed in them unshaken and implicit trust and confidence. To the brave officers and men of these regi- ments and their gallant leaders, Colonels Allen and Hagan, I tender my warmest thanks." Vol. XVI, Part 2— (781) August 26, 1862, Colonel Allen's regiment assigned to Wheeler's brigade, left wing of army of Mississippi, and will report to General Hardee. (124) At Danville, July 8th. (804) Ordered to join Gen- eral Polk in Tennessee, September 9th. (S09) Mentioned by Adjutant-General Williamson, Tompkinsville, Ky., September loth; ordered on picket duty on Scottsville road. (S24) With Col. W. W. Allen, commanded by Gen. N. B. Forrest, assigned to the right wing, army of !Mis- sissippi, to report to licneral Polk, September 14th. (832) Assigned to temporary' duty with left wing by order of General Bragg, Glasgow, Kj'., September 15th. (843) Transferred to left wing to report to General Hardee, September iSth. (879) Held in readiness for immediate and rapid march, by order of General Wheeler, New Haven, Ky., September 26th. (891) Mentioned by Adjutant-General Poole, Bardstown, Ky., September 30th. Vol. XVII, Part i— (5-7) Mentioned in report of Col- onel Lay; joined by a detachment of Colonel Clanton's regiment, June 15, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (63-66) Mentioned by Col. P. H. Sheridan and General Rosecrans, 800 strong, July 2, 1862. Vol. XX, Part i — (19) Murfreesboro, November 27, 1862, General Bragg desires General Wheeler to express to the First Alabama his appreciation of their gallant CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. V^ conduct, which was not unexpected, and which was gjxjkcn of in Wheeler's report. (82) A detachment of c.ivalry of the First Alabama regiment attacked and cap- tured all the cavalry outposts of the enemy and immedi- ;itely returned to the Confederate lines. — Report of Gen. H. P. Van Cleve, U. S. army near Nashville, December 15th. (630) Mentioned in Federal report of skirmish at Stewart's Creek bridge, December 27th. (661) Colonel Allen commanding, in Wheeler's brigade, army of Ten- nessee, Stone's river campaign. (958-960) Mentioned in report of General Wheeler, chief of cavalry, as stationed at Stewart's creek, December 26th. Colonel Allen was wounded while fighting gallantly ; Lieut. E. S. Ledyard also wounded in engagements incident to battle of Mur- freesboro. Vol. XXIII, Part i — (135-137) Mentioned in skirmishes near Christiana, Tenn., March, 1863. (336, 340, 343, 346) Mentioned in Federal reports, near Murfreesboro, Middleton and Fosterville. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (677, 847) Mentioned by Colonel Prather and Gen. W. T. Martin. (943) In Hagan's bri- j;adc, Wheeler's corps, Bragg's army, July 31, 1863. (')n's division. General Polk's army, spring, 1804. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 257 No. 74 — (646, 654, 660, 666) Under Lieut. -Col. John N. Carpenter, June 10, 1864; in Ferguson's brigade, army iif Mississippi. July 31st, Ferguson's brigade, army of Tennessee. No. 78 — (857) September 20, 1864, in Ferguson's bri- gade, array of Tennessee. No. 99 — (1072) January 31, 1865, in Ferguson's bri- j;adc, Iverson's division, Wheeler's corps, department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida; General Hardee commanding. THE THIRD ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Third Alabama cavalry was organized at Tupelo, June, 1862, and was formed of companies which had already seen hard service, some of them, as Murphy's battalion, at Shiloh. It was brigaded at various times under Generals Hagan, Morgan, Russell and Allen. It accompanied the army of Tennessee into Kentucky, where it was engaged in continual and arduous duty, protecting the flank and rear, watching communications, and raiding upon the enemy. It was engaged at Perry- ville, Murfreesboro, Shelbyville, Kingston and Knoxville. ' This regiment took a brilliant part in the famous I- Sequatchee raid. In the Dalton-Atlanta campaign it was continuously engaged in protecting Hood's movements and harassing Sherman's troops. It fought at Decatur, . Oa., and assisted in the capture of Stoneman's column. \ It also took part in the fights about Macon, Aiken, Fay- ^ ftteville, Bentonville, Raleigh and Chapel -Hill, finally f surrendering in North Carolina. Its first colonel, James Hagan, was several times wounded, and was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general. Captain Robins, who afterward became colonel, was wounded near Fayette- ville. Capt. T. H. Mauldin commanded the regiment for a long time; finally resigned with the rank of lieutenant- colonel. Capt. J. D. Farish, who was wounded several 'iiTie=;, also rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. Capt. William Cathy was killed at PerryviUe, Capt. Thomas AU 17 258 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Norris at Chapel Hill, and Capt. Thomas Lenoir at Resaca. Capt. Augustus Tonilinson died in the service. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 1— (468, 469) General Bragg's report, Shi- loh, says: "It would be a pleasing duty to record the deeds of many other noble soldiers, but as subordinate officers have done so in their reports, a repetition- is unnecessary. I shall be pardoned for making an excep- tion in the case of Capt. R. W. Smith, commandine a company of Alabama cavalry (Third regiment), which served as my personal escort during the action. For personal gallantry and intelligent execution of orders, frequently under the heaviest fire, his example has rarely been equaled. To him, his otficers and his men, I feel a deep personal, as well as official, obligation." (531) Report of Capt. A. Tomlinson, Shiloh, says: "Entered the engagement with 57 men. Private McCurdy was shot in the right hand and Corp. W. D. King was wounded in the right arm." Report of Capt. J. Robins says: "Total number of men engaged, 73. My men behaved well, and were willing and ready to obey any order that was given them. ' ' These companies belonged to Third cavalry. (855) In Parish's company (Third cavalry), in affair on Monterey road, May 28th and 29th, one wounded ; Col. Joseph Wheeler commanding. .i Vol. XVI, Part i — (894-897) Commended in Gen. Jos. | Wheeler's report, Kentucky campaign. October 8, 186;. f one of the most brilliant charges of the campaiijni was ■■* made in column: "Detachments of the First and Third * Alabama cavalry, with the gallant Cols, W. W. Alien 1 and James Hagan, being in advance, throwing tl;c j enemy's entire force of cavalry into confusion and put- | ting it to flight. We pursued them at full charge fnr | two miles, capturing many prisoners and horses in single I combat, and driving the remaining under cover of their | masses of infantrj-. The enemy also fled, terror-stricken. I from a batter}- placed in advance of their general line and | left it at our disposal." (899) Highly commended by Gen- | eral Wheeler. (See notes to First Alabama cavalry.) \ Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (787) In camp about five miles fmm ] Chattano(ijra_ From communication of Gen. Sam Joncs, \ Chattanooga, August 29, 1862. (790) Ordered to Sparta J CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. by letters from Lieut. -Col. G. G. Garner, August 29th and 30th. (843) Assigned to left wing of army of Missis si-r)i by command of General Bragg, September 18th. (S44)' Ordered by General Hardee to move forward, in direction of Cave City, and feel the enemy, September 18th. (879) Ordered by Col. Joseph Wheeler to be ready to march in one hour, New Haven, Ky., September 26th. Vol XVII, Part 2— (663) Mentioned in Gen. Sterhng Price's communication, dated Tupelo, Miss., August 4, 1S62 in which he states that Colonel Wheeler's command win'arrive the following day, when Hagan's regiment will leave at once, en route for Chattanooga. (666) In communication to General Bragg, August 4th, Gen. Ster- ling Price asks that Hagan's and Wade's cavalry remain at Tupelo, Miss. He says: "I shall move forward imme- diately, and need more cavalry." Vol. XX, Part i— (16) Mentioned in Gen. J. W. Sill's (Union) report, November 26 and 27, 1862, of reconnais- sance to La Vergne, Tenn., and skirmish. (642) Men- tioned in Lieutenant-Colonel Murray's (Union) report of skirmishes at Franklin, December 26th and 27th, and Overall's creek, December 31st. (661) In Wheekr's brigade; Maj. F. Y. Gaines. (958) Mentioned m General Wheeler's report, December 26th. (961) Report of Capt. T. H. Mauldin, commanding, of skirmishes from Decem- ber 26, 1802, to January 5, 1863, during which time the regiment lost in killed, wounded and missing, 25 men, including 3 lieutenants. (962) Capt. T. H. Mauldin recommends for promotion, for their gallantry m rallying the regiment and assisting in bringing it out in order from under a galling fire from the enemy's mfantrv and cavalry combined, on December 31st, Sergt.-Maj. H. M. Cooper and Sergt. J. W. Norwood, of Company A. Vol. XX, Part 2— (432) In army of Tennessee, in Polk's corps, about November 29, 1S62, Company G, Capt. D. P. Forney, not brigaded; Withers' division. (44S) Special orders: "Captain Forney's company, serving at Withers' division headquarters, will report at once to Brigadier-General Wheeler at La Vergne, by command (1418) Mentioned as having gone on the Smithfield road, S March 17th. I Captain Lenoir's company, Alabama cavalry: Vol. I XXin, Part 2— (945) Mentioned, Atlanta, Ga., July 31, n^ 1S63, acting as escort, Polk's corps. (958) Lieut. W. J. \ Lcc, escort in Bragg's army, August loth. No. 51 — (15) Capt. T. M. Lenoir, escort General Longstreet, Chicka- mauga campaign. Nos. 56, 58, 59, 74 — (8S9) Mentioned as escort, Hindman's division, December, 1863, to June, 'r 1864. |- Col. S. J. Murphy's battalion, Alabama cavalry-, com- f posed of Alabama and Florida companies: No. 42 — (130, I 131) Total present, 223, Axigust i, 1863, in Clanton's bri- : • ?'ide, with General Maury. (157) Detachment, ]\Iobile, f August loth, at Hall's mill and Pascagoula. No. 78 — I (814) Battalion Alabama cadets, under General Gardner, > September 3, 1863. I RUSSELL'S FOURTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. Russell's Fourth Alabama cavalr}^ was organized at •^ Murfreesboro, Tenn., in December, 1S62, by the imion of f General Forrest's original battalion with six companies • of the Fourth Alabama battalion and the Russell Ran- gers, or Fifteenth battalion Tennessee cavalry. It was • in the attack on Fort Donelson and was attached, consec- utively, to Russell's and Morgan's brigades, serving in ' the cavalry of the army of Tennessee. It was warmly I engaged at Chickamauga, and bore a full share in the r* operations of Longstreet's campaign in east Tennessee. \ It t(X)k a brilliant part in the Sequatchie raid witli four \ other Alabama regiments of cavalry; was in the Dalton- L Atlanta campaign and assisted in the capture of Stone- man's column. When Hood moved into Tennessee, the ' 'urth was employed for some time in the Tennessee valley. After the battle of Nashville it was assigned to 262 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Forrest's corps, and surrendered with his troops at Gainesville. Col. A. A. Russell was twice wounded ; he was early placed in command of a brigade, and the rc.iji- ment was for a long time under command of Lieut. -Col. Jos. M. Hambrick, who was wounded at Calhoun, Ga. ; Capt. Thomas W. Hampton was killed at Mossy Creek ; Capt. Oliver B. Gaston was captured, and died in prison; Capts. Henry F. Smith, W. C. Bacot, Flavins J. Graham and David Davidson were wounded. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVn, Part i— (593, 594, 595) Gen. N. B. Forrest, in his report of operations, December 18, 1862, says: "Col. A. A. Russell, Fourth Alabama cavalry, and Maj. N. W. Cox, Second battalion Tennessee cavalry, with their commands, were sent out on the left to destroy bridj^cs and culverts on the railroads from Jackson to Corinlh and Bolivar. . . . Colonel Russell and his command deserve especial notice for their gallantry in the fight at Lexington and Spring creek. Capt. F. B. Gurley, Fourth Alabama cavalry, with 12 men, charged a gun at Lexington supported by over 100 Federal cavalry. He captured the gun, losing his orderly-sergeant by the fire of the gun when within 15 feet of its muzzle." (598, 5011I Col. George G. Dibrell says: "On the iSth DeceniLcr. the enemy attempted to destroy the bridge at Beech river, but were driven back by the Fourth Alabama. Vol. XVn, Part 2— (462) Mentioned by Thomas A. Davies (Union), Columbus, Ky., December 23, iS6j, as 450 strong. Vol. XXni, Part i— (135) Mentioned by Gen. D. S. Stanley (Union), near Shelby ville, March 4, 1863. (379) Report of Gen. J. B. Turchin (Union) says: "200 of Russell's cavalry near Versailles, June 12th." Vol. XXHI, Par, r -(913) Gen. H. W. Walter, Chat- tanooga, July 15, iSo^ says: "The Fourth regiment Ala- bama cavalry is especially detailed, and w"lll report to Brigadier-General Pillow for duty." (943) In Russell's brigade, Martin's division, Bragg's army, July 31st. No. 50 — (232) Hagan's brigade, Wharton's division, Wheeler's corps, Chickamauga campaign. No. 51 — (19) Col. J. M Hambrick commanding; in 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 263 Russell's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps, army of Tennessee, September 19 and 20, 1863. (659) In skirmish near Larkinsville, Ala., September 25th. (oS8) Mentioned by Gen. George Crook (Union) in report (i (jperations during October. (693) Mentioned m report of Col. Abram O. Miller, fights of October 3d, near McMinnville. No. 52 — (255) Mentioned by J. L. Abernathy (Union), in Trenton, August 31, 1863. (332) By Robert B. Mitchell (Union) as in Martin's division, on road to Trenton, September 3d. (449) By James S. Negley (Union) as near Lafayette, September 8th. No. 53 — (500) In Russell's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps, army of Tennessee, August 15, 1863. (545) Scouts ordered to rejoin their commands, August 34th. (632) Mentioned in General Hindman's general orders, September loth. No. 54 — ( 445 ) Mentioned by Col. Wm. J. Palmer (Union), Flat Gap, December 23, 1863. (453) Gen. John T. Morgan's brigade, Martin's division; troops in east Tennessee, under General Longstreet, November 30th. No. 56 — (891) In Russell's brigade, IMorgan's division, forces in east Tennessee, December 31, 1863. No. 58 — (642) Same assignment under General Long- street, January 31, 1864. No. 59— (283) Col. Jos. S. Gage (Union), Cottonville, Ala., says: "The Fourth regiment, Alabama cavalry, 900 men strong, arrived at \Varrenton on the night of April 5, 1864, a part of Wheeler's command from Blue Hills." (870) In Morgan's brigade, Martin's division, army of Tennessee, Johnston commanding, April 30, 1864. No. 73 — (819) Mentioned by Colonel Minty (Union), near Marietta, Ga., June 12, 1S64. (822) In front of enemy. Noonday Creek, Ga., June 21st. No. 74 — (642, et seq. ) In ilorgan's brigade, Martin's division, army of Tennessee, Atlanta campaign. No. 75_(756) Mentioned by Gen. G. J. Pillow, June 2, 1864. No. 78— (718) Gen. S. W. Melton says: "The four Ala- bama companies in McDonald's battalion are hereby transferred to Russell's Alabama regiment." (S56) In Allen's brigade, Martin's division, army of Tennessee, General Hood commanding, September 20, 1S64. 264 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 93 — (574, 609, 640) Mentioned by Federal officers: "Near Waterloo, Ala., January 4, 1865"; "Russell has 700 or 800 men," December 8, 1864. (775, 776) Rejiort of Col. A. A. Russell of operations, October 26, 1S64, 10 January 17, 1S65, says: "After the evacuation of Decatur, my command pursued the retreating enemy from Hunts- ville to within fourteen miles of Stevenson (distance, forty- five miles), capturing about 450 negroes and 250 wagon's, I train of cars and engine. My loss, i killed, 2 wounded. " (1245) General Hood orders Russell's regiment to join Rocidey's force and assist in the work of destroying the railroad from Decatur to Huntsville and thence to Ste- venson, November 25, 1864. No. 94 — (521) Mentioned in report of Col. William Pal- mer (Union), January 5, 1865. (796) General Chalmers" orders, Fourth and Seventh consolidated, Januar)' 19th. No. 103 — (46) In skirmish near Gurley's Tank, Febru- ary 16, 1865. (931) By order of Brigadier-General Chal- mers, near Buena Vista, January 24th: "Captain Alexan- der, Fourtli Alabama cavalry, will report with his com- mand to Colonel Wheeler, commanding First Tennessee cavalry, at Columbus, or wherever he may be. " (997) Gen- eral Forrest ordered Colonel Russell to camp near Colum- bus. (1031) Ordered to Montevallo, March, 1865. RODDEY'S FOURTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. Roddcy's Fourth Alabama was organized at Tuscumbia in October, 1862, and was sent to middle Tennessee, where it wintered, but early in the spring was sent into north Alabama. It met Dodge's advance below Tus- cumbia, and was engaged in the pursuit of Streight. It was engaged most of the time in Roddey's brigade, repell- ing raids in north Alabama and making daring attacks. It was publicly commended in April, 1863, by General Bragg, for good discipline, etc. In the spring of 1S64 it was transferred to the department of Alabama, Missis- sippi and East Louisiana, and fought with severe loss at Tishomingo in June, 1864. It repelled Wilson's raid, fighting all the way from Montevallo to Selma, where a large portion of the regiment u-as captured. Its first colonel, P. D. Roddey, was early in the war made a, \ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 265 brij^adier, and was succeeded in the command by Col. William A. Johnson, who led the regiment the greater ;urt of the war; Lieutenant-Colonel Windes being for a >hort time in command. Colonel Johnson was wounded at Pulaski. Maj. Dick Johnson was killed near Moulton, Capt. James Williams at Courtland, and Capt. Thomas Williams near Huntsville. Capt. John C. Nelson was wounded and captured. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (246) Gen. G. M. Dodge (Union) reports Colonel Roddey's regiment, 800 strong, at Tus- cumbia landing, April 17, 1863. (708) Mentioned by Gen. John A. Wharton, March 18, 1863. Letter from Col. P. D. Roddey, Chapel Hill. (720, 721) Gen. J. A. Wharton, March iSth, says: "Part of regiment ordered to advance to College Grove." Letter from Colonel Roddey, Chapel Hill, March 22d. (728) General Bragg's order, March 28th, says: "Col. P. D. Roddey's regiment of Alabama cavalry is detached from Brigadier-General Martin's division, and will proceed to northern Alabama. On his arrival at the Tennessee river. Colonel Roddey v.-ill relieve Brig.-Gen. S. A. M. Wood, in command of the district of Northern Alabama. (731) Letter from Colonel Roddey, Chapel Hill, March 31, 1863. (737) General orders, No. 69, headquarters army of Tennessee, April 2, 1863: "The general commanding is gratified at the inspection report of Colonels Roddey and Patterson's regiments of cavalry, made by Lieutenant-Colonel Gren- iV-11, inspector of cavalry. The officers and men of these ^t-Mimients were found to be zealous in the performance of their respective duties, the discipline was excellent, and the conduct of the men toward the citizens in the neigh- K)rhood of their camp was most praiseworthy. The arms were in good condition, and the clothing of the men neat and uniform. The general commanding tenders his thanks to Colonels Roddey and Patterson and the gallant t>fticers and men of their commands for the interest mani- fested by them in perfecting their discipline and increas- '■■■••< their efhciencv. " (944) Col. W. A. Johnson, Rod- dey's brigade, Wheeler's corps, Bragg's army, July 31st. '^'^- 37— (674) Mentioned by Colonel Hatch (Union) m 266 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. skirmishes on Forked Deer river, Tenn., July 13, 1863. No. 38 — (192) Roddey's regiment, 800 strong-, with General Roddey at Tuscurabia, Ala., April, 1S63. (614) In Roddey's brigade, Martin's division, Major-General Van Dorn's corps, February 2d. No. 53 — (501) In Roddey's brigade, Morgan's division, Wheeler's corps, army of Tennessee, August 15, 1863. No. 54 — (593, 594, 604) Mentioned in Federal reports. No. 55 — (664) In Roddey's brigade, detached, Wheeler's corps, Bragg's army, November 20, 1863. No. 58 — (237) W. A. Johnson's troops fight on Lamb's Ferry road, January, 1864. (339) Opposite Florence, February- 6th. (590) In Roddey's brigade, Wharton's division, Wheeler's corps, army of Tennessee, Johnston commanding, January 20th. No. 59 — (3S9, 735) In north Alabama, April, 1864. No. 74 — (642) Roddey's brigade transferred to depart- ment Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana, April, 1864. No. 77 — (231) Nine wounded in battle of Tishomingo Creek, June 10, 1864. (544) General Forrest says: "Col- onel Johnson and his brave troops on this occasion acted with conspicuous gallantn.' in marching up and assaulting the enemy's works. " Report of Sulphur Springs Trestle, September 25th. (545, 547, 549) Colonel Johnson's troops mentioned in same report. "Colonel Johnson displayed every soldierly virtue. He was prompt in obeying orders. I regret to say that while gallantly leading bis troops he was severely wounded. ' ' No. 79 — (278, 450) Between Fort Deposit and Gunters- ville, October, 1864. No. 93 — (641, 642) In north Alabama under Lieutenant- i Colonel Windes, June 10. 1865. (1233) In Roddey's bri- ^ gade, district of North Alabama, November 20, 1S64. No. 94 — (634) Assignment as above; Maj.-Gen. D. H. I Maury commanding department, December i, 1S64. ^ No. 103 — (510, 1031) Ordered to Montevallo, March, 1 1865. I Williams' Battalion: No. 59 — (429) In north Alabama, | April 18, 1864. (735) Mentioned by R. W. Walker as % near Moulton, March 26th. No. 77 — (231) One killed, 5 \ wounded, at the battle of Tishomingo Creek, June 10, I 1864. No. 09 — (1150) Ment'cpncd by Maj. John Devereu.x ! as having been originally in Ilannon s command. j CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 267 Julian's Bcattalion, Alabama Cavalry: Vol. XXIII, jvjrt 2 — (961) In Roddey's brigade, General Wheeler's corps. August 10, 1863. No. 53 — (501) Same. Newsom's company. Vol. XVI, Part i— (S28) Men- tiimcd and commended by Brig.-Gen. T. C. Armstrong in report of skirmish near Courtland, July 75, 1862. No. 58 — (614) In Bell's brigade, Forrest's cavalry, Jan- uary 25, 1864. THE FIFTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. This regiment was organized at Tuscumbia in Decem- ber, 1862, and was sent into middle Tennessee, where it began a brilliant career by skirmishes at Chapel Hill. After serving a short time in Martin's brigade, it was transferred to Roddey's, and served continuously during the war. It was in Florida for a short time during the fall of 1863, but much of its service was in northern Alabama and vicinity. It captured a wagon -train at Hamburg, 60 prisoners and a train at Hunt's Mill, and 130 prisoners at Madison Station. It blocked the railroad in Rosecrans' rear, fought General Long at Moulton, stampeded a regiment at Oak hill, and accom- p.inicd General Forrest on his Pulaski raid. It skirmished with Steedman as he marched into the Tennessee valley, and fought Wilson all the way from Montevallo to Selma, where it took part in the defense of the city. The greater part of the regiment surrendered at Selma, the remainder at Danville, Morgan county. Col. Josiah Patterson •-reilitably commanded the regiment till the close of the war. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XXIII, Part i— (24o)Mentioncd by General Steed- man (Union), April 15, 1863, as at Chapel Hill. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (362) Mentioned by Gen. J. M. Brannan, May 25, 1863, Chapel Hill. (708) Sent to Col- •^■;ro Grove to support party sent out by General Wharton, M^i-ch iS, 1S63. (737) General Bragg tenders his thanks *•> Colonel Roddey and Colonel Patterson, and the gallant 268 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. officers and men of their commands, for the interest mani- fested by them in perfecting their discipline and increas- ing their efficiency. (841) Detached from General Mar- tin's brigade to join General Roddey's, Tullahoma, May iSth. (944, 961) In Roddey's brigade, Wheeler's corps, August, 1S63. No. 41 — (746) Mentioned by Capt. M. M. Young (Union), Barrancas, Fla., September 9, 1863; members of regiment arrested at house of Spanish consul. No. 42 — (130) Total present, 372; sent to General Johnston, August i, 1863. Nos. 53, 55, 56 — In Roddey's brigade, Wheeler's corps, August to December, 1863. No. 57 — (119) At Athens, Ala., January 26, 1864. (685) On Moulton road, April 24th. No. 58 — (590) Roddey's brigade, Wheeler's corps, January 20th. No. 75 — (756) ] Mentioned by General Pillow, Talladega, June 2d. \'. No. 5S — (515) Mentioned in petition from Alabama members and senators for increase of Roddey's force on ; Tennessee river, January, 1864. No. 59 — (429) In north Alabama, April, 1864, mentioned by Col. Richard Rowett (Union). (609) Si.x companies Forrest's regiment, under Captain Warren, ordered to Marion county, Ala., to pro- , | tect foundries, etc., March loth. No. 77 — (231) One j killed, 3 wounded, in the battle of Tishomingo Creek, ' June 10, 1S64. 1 No. 77 — (362) Mentioned in report of Col. William T. C. Grower, skirmish at Pond Spring, Ala., July 26, 1S64. :; No. 78 — (668) Report of Colonel Patterson, Pond Spring, Ala., June 27th. No. 93 — (1233) Commanded by Lieut.- Col. James M. Warren, in Roddey's brigade, with Gen. ^ Richard Taylor, November 20th. No. 94 — (634) In \ Roddey's brigade, with General Maur}', December ist. No. 103 — (455) Mentioned in report of Colonel Vail (Union), Bogler's creek, April ist, and taking of Selma, April 2, 1865, as Patterson's regiment. (472)" Mentioned in report of General Upton (Union), "Patterson's regi- ment passed through Ely ton," about March 28th. THE SIXTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Sixth Alabama cavalry was organized early in 1S63, and formed a part of Clanton's brigade. It served in Florida and was first engaged at Pollard. Ordered to r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 269 corth Alabama, it took part in the skirmishes near Deca- r.ir and in the Atlanta-Dalton campaign. It fought Kousseau at Ten Islands, where it lost heavily in killed .ind captured. Transferred to west Florida, it fought Steele at Bluff Springs, and also Wilson's column in south Alabama, laying down its arms at Gainesville. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Is'o. 42 — (131-511) In Clanton's brigade. Western divi- bion, department of the Gulf, General Maury command- ing, August I, 1S63. August loth, Montgomery, Ala. ; at Pollard, September 19th. (562) In Jenifer's brigade, anny of Mobile, December 31, 1863. No. 57— (333) Transferred to north Alabama, Febru- ar)', 1864. No. 58— (550) Mentioned by Gen. D. H. Maury, Janu- ary' 12, 1864. (651) Ordered to report to General Clan- ton at Gadsden, from Meridian, Miss., February ist. No. 59 — (214) At Tennessee river, near Decatur, April fi, 1S64. (450) Near Danville, Ala., April 22d. No. 73 — (906) Lieutenant-Colonel Lary and Major McWhorter captured at Ten Islands, Coosa river, August 14, 1864. •' No. 74 — (646) In Armstrong's brigade, army of ]Missis- (i-ippi, June 10, 1864. (653) Transferred to Clanton's bri- K^de, June 30th. (677) In Jackson's division, army of Mississippi, June loth. No. 75_(756) Mentioned by Gen. G. J. Pillow, June 2, 1864. ^ No. 78 — (691) Capt. George Goldthwaite, Blue Mount- ain, June 7, 1864, says: "Lieutenant-Colonel Lary com- I manding regiment ' ' t No. 93_(i233) Commanded by Lieut. -Col. Charles H. Colvin, Clanton's brigade, department of Alabama, Mis- sis.sippiand East Louisiana; Lieut. -Gen. Richard Taylor commanding, November 20, 1S64. No. 94 — (634) In Clanton's brigade, district of Central Alabama, Brig.-Gen. D. W. Adams, December i, 1864. No. 103 — (71) Mentioned by General Asboth (Union), H.-irrancas, February 26, 1865. (280, 281) ]Mentioned by <".'n»T:d Steele (Uiiion), operations near Blakcly, Ala., tl^rth nth to April 9th, (302, 308) Mentioned in report 270 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. of operations near Escambia river, March 25th. (713. 834) February 25th, at Canoe Station, 700 stronpf, Col- j onel Colvin commanding. (1047) Commanded by Lier.:.- j Col. W. T. Lary, in Clanton's brigade, with General j Maury, March loth. j No. 104 — (118) Mentioned as near Big Escambia bridge, I March 27, 1865. (226) In Clanton's brigade. THE SEVENTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. • The Seventh cavalry was organized in July, 1863, as part of Clanton's brigade, and served for more than n year in Quarles', Clanton's, Page's, Patton's and Thomas' brigades, in the vicinity of Pensacola and the bay forts. In the fall of 1864, it reported to General Forrest at Corinth, and took part in the raid on Johnson- ville and the fighting as Hood moved toward Nashville. It suffered severely at this time, especially in the night attack on Brentwood. The regiment, after recruiting, joined General Buford at Monte vallo in March, 1865; confronted Wilson's corps from Benton to Girard, and took part in the last fighting of the war, surrendering at Gainesville, May 14, 1865. Col. Joseph Hodgson led the regiment throughout the war, though detachments v.-ere at various times commanded with brilliant success by Maj. Turner Clanton, Jr., Captain Ledyard, and others. Capt. Charles P. Storrs was wounded at Columbia; Adjt. William T. Charles was captured at one time, but escaped. Colonel Hodgson, after the close of the war, devoted himself to journalism, in which he became quite distinguished, and he was at one time State superintend- ent of education. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42 — (239, 240) Mentioned in Gen. James H. Clan- ton's report of brigade organization, Pollard, Ala., Sep- tember 19, 1863. '(334) Gen. D. H. Maury, Mobile, Ociu- ber 17th, speaks very highly of Hodgson's regiment. (403) November 10, 1863, Quarles' brigade, department CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 271 of the Gulf. (511, 561, 562) December, 1863,111 Clanton's (Second) brigade; detachment in Higgins (Third) bn- No. 58— (582) January 20, 1864, in Clanton's brigade. No. 59— (861) April 30, 1864, four companies under Mai Turner Clanton, Jr., in Page's brigade, dislrict of the Gulf; detachment under Colonel Hodgson, Reynolds" brigade. No. 65— (386-425) Mentioned in reports of General Asboth (Union), skirmish near Barrancas, April 4, 1864. Companies G, E and I of the Seventh at Camp Gonzales, July 22d. "Three companies left at Fifteen- mile Station," July 28th. No. 66— (257) August 24, 1864, "Seventh cavalry at Pine Barren bridge." No. 77— (873) Cadet company mentioned by General Chalmers, in referring to attack on Federal gunboats, October 30, 1864. (875) Specially commended m same letter for conduct opposite Johnsonville, November 4, 1864. No. 78— (677, 678) June 30, 1864, effective total present, 451 (703) Two companies in Page's brigade at Bay forts, July loth. (752) August 3, 1864, in Patton's bri- Rade; two companies in Page's brigade. (814) Septem- lx:r 3 1864, Thomas' brigade, district of the Gulf, Gen. Franklin Gardner's forces. (S74) Ordered, September 25th, to report to General Chalmers at Verona, I^Iiss. (877) Colonel Hodgson ordered, September 26th, to stop his regiment at Egypt, and move it across to Panola. (S79) September 27th, ordered to send four companies, under a field officer, to Corinth; bring rest to Panola. (SH5) Captain Ledvard, commanding, reports eight com- panies at Meridian, Miss., September 2^\\\. (^'^z) Sep- tember 30th, Thomas' brigade, department of the Gulf, en route for Grenada, Miss. No. 93_(76o) Return of casualties for November, 1864, a killed, 28 wounded. (761) One killed, 12 wounded December, 1S64. (765) December 14, 1864, mentioned in report of General Chalmers as on Charlotte pilie. (767) Commended in General Chalmers' report, especially in engagements of December 15th and i6th. Casualties from November 23 to December 6, 1864, 2 killed. 30 Wounded. (1234) November 20, 1864, in Bell's brigade, Forrest's cavalry corps. 272 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 94 — (127) Information regarding movements uf the Seventh near Bridgeport, December 7, 1864. (751) January i, 1865, mentioned in orders. (796) Mentionci by General Chahners in general orders, January 19, 1S65. No. 97 — (7S6) Directed to Cherokee by command ot Lieutenant-General Taylor, October 3, 1864. No. 103 — (997) Mentioned in General Forrest's orders, dated West Point, February 20, 1865. (1031) General Forrest says: "Have ordered Seventh to Montevallo," March 6th. No. 104 — (364) Mentioned in report of Captain Eaton (Union), Mobile, April 15, 1S65. THE EIGHTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Eighth cavalry was organized at Newbern, in April, 1864, by adding a company to Hatch's battalion which had already entered the service. It was ordered at once to Blue Mountain, and served under General Pil- low. It took part in the fight at Ten Islands, Augoist 14, 1864. In Armistead's brigade it lost heavily at Lafayette and Rome, Ga., and was transferred to west Florida, where it confronted Steele as he advanced on Pollard; was in several fights of minor importance, and finally surrendered at Gainesville. Col. Charles P. Ball was frequently in command of a cavalry brigade, and the regiment was led at times by Lieut. -Col. Lemuel D. Hatch and Maj. W. T. Poe. The regiment lost many gallant officers. Maj. R. H. Redwood and Capt. C. E. England were killed at Lafayette; Capt. G. S. Perrin was killed at Pine Barren creek; Capt. W. H. Lawrence was killed at Rome. At the battle of Lafayette, Ga., First Lieut. S. S. Johnson was killed. Captains Harrison and Rodes were captured, and Captain Harrison, Lieu- tenant McLemore, Sergeant White and Private Green were reported as conspicuous for gallantry. EXTRACTS FROM 0FFICI.\L WAR RECORDS. No. 59 — (734, 735) Hatch's cavalry battalion, 150 strong, * were ordered by General Polk, from Tuscaloosa, March J i ll % CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 273 j^. 1864, on a scouting expedition to the northern part ({ Alabama. Xo. 73 — (906) Mentioned in General Rousseau's report cf flight at Ten Islands, August 14, 1864. No. 74 — (997) Gen. Gid. J. Pillow in his report of the engagement at Lafayette, Ga., June 24, 1864, says: "After Colonel Armistead was wounded, the command of his brigade devolved upon Colonel Ball, whose gallantry and skill in command were all that I could expect or wish." Seven killed, 18 wounded at Lafayette, Ga., June 24, 1864. (998-999) Col. C. G. Armistead says: ■"To Col. C. P. Ball the command is greatly indebted for the good order and promptness with which it carried itself in the fight. By the death of ]Major Redwood, and the wounding of Lieutenant-Colonel Hatch, he was thrown entirely upon his own resources in maintaining tlic good order and efficiency of his command and the discipline of his troops." (1000-1002) Col. Charles P. Hall in his report says: "After a short but severe conflict, I succeeded in driving the enemy. I moved forward to the court house and gave the order to charge. This was nobly and gallantly done. The enemy opened a destruc- tive fire from the court house, jail, and other buildings, which caused the line to fall back to cover, but it was v-'Mi rallied. In this charge the Ninth (Eighth) Ala- bama lost two gallant officers, Capt. C. E. England, Com- pany E, and First Lieut. S. S. Johnston, commanding Company F, the former wounded, the latter killed, within twenty steps of the court house. Lieutenant-Col- "ncl Hatch was wounded while gallantly leading his : -;'.:ncut. He, however, remained up<:)n ■ the field. "vViicre all acted so gallantly it is hard to discriminate, hut I cannot close without calling attention to Captain Harrison, Company H, Ninth (Eighth) Alabama, who was wounded and left in the hands of the enemy (where tlie fight was thickest, there he was); Lieutenant McLcmore, Company D, Ninth (Eighth) Alabama, for conspicuous gallantry and good service; First Sergeant ^\'aite. Company C, and Private Green, Company G, for '"..ir coolness and courage, being the only ones who fol- i'>wc'd to the court house. I regret having to mention the AU IS 274 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. death of Maj. R. H. Redwood, Ninth (Eighth) Alabama." No. 75 — (655) Mentioned by Major Douglas, West Demopolis, May i, 1864. (691) Mentioned in Gen. S. D. Lee's army, 322 effective. May 10, 1864. No. 78— (613) Ordered to Selma, Alay 21, 1864. (646) June loth, under General Pillow. (791) Commanded by Lieut. -Col. L. D. Hatch, Armistead's brigade, district of Central and Northern Alabama, August 21st. (Si 2) Present for duty 334, Talladega, Ala., September ist, under Maj. W. T. Poe; Colonel Ball commanding cavalry' force. Nos. 93, 94 — In Armistead's brigade, district of Cen- tral Alabama, to December, 1864. No. 103 — (281) Mentioned in report of Major-General Steele, April 12, 1865. (1047) Col. Charles P. Ball com- manding, in Armistead's brigade, Maury's army, March loth. LIVINGSTON'S EIGHTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. This regiment was organized at Gadsden, Ala., and ordered to Blue ^lountain in July, 1S64. It operated in the vicinity of the army of Tennessee around Dalton, and was with General Pillow for several months, when it was transferred to Clanton's brigade. It fought at Ten Islands, was sent to west Florida, and fought Steele's column at Bluff Spring with heavy loss. It then fought Wilson's corps as he advanced, and finally surrendered at Gainesville. Capt. John Moore was killed at Ten Islands; Capt. J. F. Watson was killed near Pollard: Capt. T. J. Atkinson was wounded near Decatur and near Guntersvilie. This regiment was often called the Ninth, and is sometimes confused with Malone's Ninth, or Hatch's Eighth. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 58 — (651) General Clan ton ordered to establish headquarters at Gadsden, Ala., and complete organiza- tion of the Eighth, February 1, 1864. No, 75 — (760) June 5. 1864, Col. Henry J. Livingston, with 200 to 250 men, ordered by General Pillow from Moutevallo to Blue Mountain. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 275 j^o. 78 — (636) June s, 1864, General Pillow ordered rciment, 200 to 250 strong, from Montevallo to Blue Mountain. (681) Ordered to Blue Mountain, July ist. (;9i) In Clanton's brigade with General Adams, August nst. Nos. 93, 94 — In Clanton's brigade with General Tay- lor, November and December, 1864. Xo. 103 — (302-308) Mentioned in front of the Union lines in operations March 25, April 9 and June 6, 1S65, near Escambia river. (834) Six hundred strong, I'cbruary 25th. (1047) Under Lieut.-Col. Thomas L. Faulkner, in Clanton's brigade with General Maury, March loth. No. 104 — (118-226) Mentioned in Union reports, March and April, 1865. THE NINTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Ninth cavalry (also called Seventh) was formed near Tullahoma, ]May, 1863, by consolidating Malone's and Z. Thomason's battalions. It was in Wheeler's corps during the entire war. It first served in Wharton's division until December, 1S63, and was in many skirmishes. It was then brigaded under Morgan, Russell, Allen and Hagan, and was con- stantly engaged in skirmishing. It suffered severely at Shelbyville and in protecting Longstreet's corps. It was iu the pursuit of Sherman during 1S64 and 1S65, and finally surrendered in North Carolina. There were many c.Kualties among its officers. Col. James C. Malone was ^vounded in Tennessee and at Noonday Creek. Lieut. - CcA Z. Thomason, Maj. Thomas H. Malone and Capt. S. S. Clayton were captured at Shelbj-ville. Adjt. Wil- liam H. Binford died in the service. Capt. S. P. Dobbs was wounded at Shelbyville and in Georgia. Capt. .lames M. Robinson was wounded and captured; Capt. J"hn B. Floyd was wounded at Noonday Creek; Capt. ^Villinm E. Thompson was wounded in Tennessee and ■•'- •."alhoun; Capt. Robert W. Figg was woundc-d ut I>ovcr; Capt. George Mason, who commanded tlie regi- 276 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. ment in the summer of 1864, was wounded at Atlanta; Capt. James M. Stevenson was killed at Dover, Capt. William E. Wayland at Rome, and Capt. James E. Nance in South Carolina. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Fourteenth Battalion cavalry, merged in Ninth cavalry regiment: Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (835) Two hundred and ten present for duty, January 14, 1863, headquarters Shelby villc, Wharton's cavalry brigade. Vol. XX, Part I — (661) Lieut. -Col. James C. Malone, Wharton's bri- gade, Wheeler's corps, Stone's river campaign. (966) Mentioned by General Wharton, Stone's river campaign, in Colonel Cox's charge with First Confederate, etc. (969) Lieutenant-Colonel Malone highly commended by Gen- eral Wharton. Vol. XXIII, Part i— (66) Mentioned at engagement at Bradyville, Tenn. , March 10, 1863, by Col. J. W. Paramore, Ohio cavalry. (160) Colonel Minty (Union) thinks Malone's battalion was in engagement at Milton, Tenn., March 20th. Thomason's Battalion, also known as Nineteenth Bat- talion, merged into Ninth cavalry regiment: Vol. XXIII, Part I — (277) Mentioned by Gen. W. T. Martin as skir- mishing with the enem)', April 21, 1863, on Middleton road, near Hoover's gap. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (730) Mentioned by General Wharton, Unionville, Alarch 30, 1863. Ninth Alabama Cavalry : Vol. XXIII, Part i— (544) Mentioned in Gen. R. B. Mitchell's report of engagement of June 23, 1863, near Unionville, Tenn. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (943, 960) In Wharton's division, Wheeler s corps, Bragg's army, July 31, 1863. No. 51 — (19) Crews' brigade, Wheeler's corps, Septem- ber 19 and 20, 1S63. No. 53 — (50a) Assignment as above, August, 1863. (554) By special orders, Gadsden, Ala., August 25th, Dr. B. F. Cross assigned to duty. No. 54 — (453) In Morgan's brigade, ^Martin's division, November 30, 1S63. (548) Gen. W. T. Martin's report of engagement near Talbott's Station, December 29th, says: "I wheeled the Seventh Alabama to the right, and moved it into a cut of the raUroad, securing a good pc:)si- tion within 50 yards of the Hank of the advancing in- r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 277 faniry. The fire from the reo-iment and a countercharge liy the Georgians soon drove the enemy into and through the woods, with heavy loss in killed and wounded. " (778) Mentioned by Lieutenant-Colonel Roger (Union), as near Summerville, October 2Sth. No. 56 — (51) Mentioned as being in Lookout valley, November, 1863. (94) Mentioned as at Round Mount- .lin. (619) October 31st, First brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps. (623) Special orders, ^lissionary Ridge, November ist, to report to Gen. Will T. Martin. (89 1) December 31, 1S63, Russell's brigade, Morgan's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps. No. 73 — {S19, 822) Mentioned by Colonel Minty (Union), near Marietta, Ga., June 12, 1864, skirmish at McAfee's. At Noonday Creek, June 21st, regiment sutlered severely. No. 74— (642) April 30, 1864, ^Morgan's brigade, Mar- tin's division, Wheeler's corps. (650, et seq.) June 30th, under Capt. George Mason, Allen's brigade, Wheeler's corps, Atlanta campaign. No. 79 — (509) Capt. A. A. Smith (Union) reports attack on regiment, Clarksville, October 29, 1864. No. 99 — (352) Mentioned by General Kilpatrick, Wil- liston, S. C, February 8, 1865, on road to Augusta. (1071) January 31st, under Capt. S. P. Dobbs, Hagan's brigade, Wheeler's cavalry. THE TENTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Tenth regiment of cavalry was organized in north Alabama in the winter of 1863-64, to form part of Rod- liey's command. It took part in the Pulaski raid and in uuinerous encounters, but its work was principally con- fined to outpost duty in the Tennessee valley. It was commanded by Col. Richard O. Pickett. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 59 — (93) Tenth regiment Alabama cavalry sta- tioned at Mount Hope, Ala., March 19, 1864. No. 78 — (392) Pickett's regiment near Courtland, Ala., ^'■ptemher i6th. General Granger's (Uniiin) letter. (66S) M'-tUioned by Col. Josiah Patterson, June 27th. ^'o- 93— (1233) I'l Roddey's brigade, district of North 278 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Alabama, Lieut. -Gen. Richard Taylor's army, Novem- ber 2oth. I No. 94— (634) December i, 1864, in Roddey's brigade, district of Nortli Alabama, General Maury's army. i' THE ELEVENTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. r The Eleventh regiment of Alabama cavalry, com- i manded by Col. John R. B. Burtwell, comprised the Ala- bama companies of the regiment commanded by Col. j Jeffrey E. Forrest (brother of General Forrest) added to some other companies. After Colonel Forrest's death, in February, 1864, the Tennessee companies in his regi- ment were detached and consolidated with other Tennes- see companies, and the Alabama companies merged into Burtwell's regiment. As Forrest's, and afterward Wis- dom's, regiment, it served with General Forrest in the attacks on Athens and Sulphur Trestle; fought with severe loss at Pulaski and in the Meridian expedition. Later it rendered effective service to Hood. During the last months of the war it was part of Roddey's force at Montevallo, in front of Wilson, and took part in the defense of Selma, laying down its arms at Decatur. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. J. E. Forrest's Regiment, Alabama cavalry: Four companies transferred to Newsom's Eighteenth Tennes- see. No. 52— (Six) Mentioned at the main ford of Bear creek, by General Carr, Corinth, September 24, 1S63. No. 56— (179) Gone with Lee io north Mississippi, via Okolona, November 17, 1S63. (645) Report of Gen. N. B. Forrest, Atlanta, Ga., November 7th. (646) Regi- ment ordered to west Tennessee, to General Forrest, November 7th. (751) General Forrest's letter to Col- onel Ewell, Okolona, November 2sth, 150 of regiment reported badly armed, etc. ^^o- 57— (35-) Report of General Forrest, Meridian expedition. (355) One killed and 3 wounded in engage- ments, February 20 to 22, 1S64. Col. J. E. Forrest killed. February 22d, near Okolona. (576) General Veatch (Union), Prospect, Tenn., April nth, speaks of Wisdom s CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 279 cavalry, D. M. Wisdom commanding Forrest's regiment. (6ii) Mentioned by General Chalmers in report of cap- ture of Fort Pillow, April 12, 1864. No. 59 — (278) Wisdom's regiment at Williams' land- ing, five miles above Savannah, April 5, 1864. (460, 481) At Tuscumbia, April, 1864. (482) General Dodge, in west Tennessee, April 24th, says, Wisdom's is Forrest's old regiment. (594) Coltmibus, Miss., March 7th, assigned to Colonel Thompson's brigade, Forrest's cav- alry. (609) Detachment ordered to Marion county, Ala. , to protect foundries, by command of General Forrest, March loth. No. 78 — (593) In Buford's division, with Gen. N. B. Forrest, May 10, 1864. (631) Buford's division, with Gen. S. D. Lee, June 1st. (647) Mentioned by General For- rest, Tupelo, Miss., June 26th, Tennessee companies con- solidated with others, etc. Eleventh Regiment, Alabama cavalry, also called Tenth, Col. John R. B. Burtwell: No. 93— (1233) No- vember 20, 1864, Roddey's brigade, Taylor's army, dis- trict of North Alabama. No. 94 — (634) December i, 1864, Roddey's brigade. THE TWELFTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Twelfth regiment of Alabama cavalry was formed from a battalion recruited by Col. William H. Hundley and Major Bennett. It operated in east Tennessee and was consolidated with the First Alabama near Murfrees- boro. It fought at Murfreesboro and Chickamauga. Four companies were added to it, and it was attached to Hagan's brigade. It saw hard and continuous fighting in the battles of the Dalton-Atlanta campaign. One company lost 20 men in killed and wounded while defend- ing a bridge near Rome. At Atlanta it was compli- mented on the field by General Wheeler. It lost 25 or 30 men in a melde with Stoneman, and fought at Camp- bellsN-ille, repulsing Brownlow's brigade, with a loss of 45 men. It fought at Averasboro, and disbanded the night before the surrender. Its first colonel was the gallant Warren S. Reese. He was succeeded by Mar- ccllus Pointer, a brave and intrepid ofliccr, who was 280 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. badly wounded. Adjt. O. P. Casey and Captain Weaver were killed at Rentonville; Captain Musgrove was killed at Fayetteville, and Maj. A. J. Ingraham was disabled by a wound. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Twelfth Battalion, Alabama cavalry, Col. Warren S. Reese: No. 74 — (650-673) In Allen's brigade, Wheeler's corps, June to i\ugust, 1864, Atlanta campaign. No. 78 — (856) Assignment as above, September 20th. Twelfth Regiment, Alabama cavalry: No. 92— (9SS) December 25, 1864, Col. Marcellus Pointer command- ing, reported to Gen. R. H. Anderson, near Savannah, Ga. No. 99 — (352) General Kilpatrick (Union) says Twelfth Alabama fought in battle, February 8, 1S65, near Williston, S. C. (1071) In Hagan's brigade, Wheeler's corps, department of South Carolina. Georgia and Florida, January 31, 1865. THE FIFTY-FIRST ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Fifty-first Alabama cavalry regiment, known as Partisan Rangers, was recniited by Col. John T. Morgan, who had entered the war as a major of infantry, served for a time in Virginia, and returned home to raise a mounted regiment. It was sent to Alabama, served for a time in Tennessee, fought at Lavergne with General Forrest; was then attached to Wheeler's cavalry, and was brigaded under Morgan, Hagan and Allen. It took part in the Sequatchie raid, and was part of the force which captured 400 Federals at Maysville, and took part in the investment of Knoxville. It took a gallant part in the Stone's River and Chickamauga campaigns; was on Johnston's flank during the retreat to Dalton, fighting almost daily for three months, and lost heavily at Decatur and Jonesboro. It moved through Tennessee, and harassed General Sherman's forces very effectually in the Carolinas. About a week before the close of hos- tilities, it fought and captured a portion of the First Ala- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 281 lama United States regiment and finally surrendered at Rjlcigh, N. C. Col. John T. Morgan was commissioned brigadier in November, 1863, and was for some time in command of A di\'ision and served with Generals Hood, Longstreet and Johnston. After the close of hostilities he returned lo the profession of law, and in 1877 was sent to the United States Senate, of which body he has long been one of- the most able and distinguished members. He was succeeded in command of the regiment by the gal- l.uit Lieut. -Col. J. D. Webb, who was mortally wounded near Decherd, Tenn., in July, 1863. Captain Battle was in command for a short time, and Capt. M. L. Kirkpat- rick, who took command during the Chickamauga cam- paign, continued to lead the regiment until the close of the war. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part i — (257) Mentioned by General Negley (Union) as in the neigborhood of Atlanta, fall of 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (717) Telegram of July 2, 1S62, sec- retary of war to Governor Shorter, Montgomery, says; "I will order the Fifty-first Alabama regiment to Chat- t.inooga. " (792) Telegram from Governor Shorter, Sep- tember 2d, to secretary of war, asks for the Fifty-first regiment cavalry to be sent to the southern part of the State. (795) Regiment sent to south Alabama as re- quested, September 4th. (802) Ordered by Gen. Sam lones to proceed to Bridgeport and report to General ^•I.ixey, September 8th. (S57) Gen. Sam Jones says. September 20th: "Protection no longer needed in Ala- b.tma. Regiment ordered toward Nashville to cooperate with Forrest." (S62) Sent to Tullahoma, September 21, 1862. (890) Ordered up near Nashville to cooperate with the troops there, in harassing the enemy and cutting of! foraging parties, September 29th. (916-918) Ordered to Lavergne by General Jones, October 6th. (929) Ordered to report to General Forrest, about October 9th. Vol. XX, Part I— (6) On the night of November, 1S62, ■'■'■'^ ]ilaced by General Forrest to the right I't the Mur- freesboro pike with instructions to move forward on the CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 1 Lebanon, Stone's river and Chicken pikes, and to drive in the Abolitionist pickets at daylight, which was done agreeably to orders, and in gallant style. (466) Men- tioned in report of Gen. M. S. Hascall (Union) of skir- mishes at Lavergne, etc., December. (64S) Mentioned in report of Adjt. William S. Hall, battle of Murfrecs- boro. (661) In Gen. Joseph Wheeler's command; Stone's river campaign. (95S) December 26, 1862, in General Wheeler's command, stationed at Stewart's creek, 10 miles northwest of Murfreesboro. (962-965) Lieut. -Ceil. J. D. Webb, in his report of Stone's river campaign, specially commends conduct of Capt. M. L. Kirkpatrick, Capt. L. W. Battle, Lieut. William M. Fitts, James W. Copilly, Ord.-Sergt. H. Clay Reynolds. He says the regiment bivouacked on Stone's river the night of Decem- ber 27th "without rations." The gallant and brave Lieut. William M. Fitts was killed. December 29th, at Lavergne, charged a train of wagons, captured and burned 36 wagons, captured other wagons and teams and 50 prisoners. At Nolcnsville, captured 20 wagons and 50 prisoners. January ist, captured wagons and pris- oners. Lieut. J. J. Seawell was wounded and captured. Vol. XXIII, Part i — (28) Near Fosterville, February i, 1863, report of Capt. L. W. Battle, Company B. (544) Mentioned in report of General Mitchell (Union), of fight near Uniontown, June 23d. (574) Mentioned in report of Maj. Charles B. Seidel (Union), fight near Decherd, Lieutenant-Colonel Webb mortally wounded, July ist. 1 Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (943) Capt. M. L. Kirkpatrick, | Hagan's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's cavalry, % July 31, 1S63. (960) August loth, in Col. John T. Mor- | gan's brigade. General Wheeler's corps. ^ No. 50 — (232) October, 1863, in Colonel Hagan's bri- 4 gade, Wheeler's cavalry corps. No. 51— (19) In CVi'i. John T. Morgan's brigade. General Wheeler's corps, | Chickamauga campaign. | No. 52 — (332, 449, 4S5, 4S6) Union reports, on the road | to Trenton, September 3, 1863; near Lafayette, Sep- I temberSth; fight at Chickamauga creek, September 9th. | No. 54 — (453) November 30, 1863, in Gen. John T. | Morgan's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's cavalr}'. | No. 55, No. 56 — Assignment as above, to December. \ 1863. December 31st, Russell's brigade, Morgan's divi- ' sion, Wheeler's cavalry. i COi\ FEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 283 jjo 50 — (870) April 30, 1864, in Morgan's brigade, ("x'ncral Wheeler's corps. Xo 73 — (S19-822) Mentioned by Colonel Minty (Union), in fi^'ht at McAfee's, June nth, and near Noonday creek, tl.i., June 21, 1864. Xo. 74 — (642) April 30, 1864, under Col. M. L. Kirk- [lAtrick, in General Morgan's brigade, Wheeler's corps. ((.50-673) In General Allen's brigade, General Wheeler's t'>rps, Atlanta campaign, June to August. No. 78 — (85 6) September 30, 1864, in Allen's brigade, Wheeler's corps. No. 99 — (352) Mentioned by Gen. J. Kilpatrick, Wil- liston, S. C. , February 8, 1865, on road to Augusta. (1071) January 31, 1865, Colonel Hagan's brigade, Gen- eral Wheeler's corps. THE FIFTY-THIRD ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Fifty-third regiment of mounted infantry was organized in the fall of 1862, by the addition of several companies to Maj. T. F. Jenkins' battalion, which had already rendered gallant service at Shiloh. Major Jen- kins and Captain Cox commanded mounted companies in the Seventh Alabama prior to April, 1862. The regi- ment was first placed in Roddey's brigade, and fought at T!-.(impson's Station, Brentwood, Town Creek and in the 1! pursuit of Streight. It was on picket duty at Dalton in ; April, 1864. When Roddey's brigade was transferred to [■ General Polk's department, this regiment was detached | .i!id was brigaded under General Hannon, and afterward \ <'ieneral Hagan, in General Wheeler's cavalry corps, and | •."i/r: part in the perilous figliting all the way from Dalton j to Atlanta. It participated in the daring raid of 1S64 in | Sherman's rear, and captured 100 men and 1,500 beef | cattle ; it fought at Jonesboro and Resaca, and continued j to harass the Federals in the Carolinas. 1 Its first colonel, M. W. Hannon, was early promoted • to the command of a brigade. Lieut. -Col. J. F. Gaines, j who succeeded in command, was wounded at Waynes- i ••'>^|>. Major Jenkins and Capt. L. E. Locke were cap- tured near Florence, and Capt. W. R. Davis near Rome. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Jenkins' battalion, Alabama cavalry, called First Ala- bama battalion, merged into the Fifty-third Alabama cavalry: Vol. X, Part i — (382) Mentioned, belonj^inp: t. Polk's corps, April, 1S62. (471) Mentioned by (kii. Daniel Rnggles, Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862. (527) Men- tioned by Capt. William Ketchum. (529) Report of Maj. T. F. Jenkins, Shiloh. Number of men engaged on the 6th, 52; on the 7th, 47; 2 killed and 6 wounded. (530) Report of Capt. J. J. Cox of Prattville dragoons, Jenkins' battalion. Fifty-third Alabama infantry, mounted. Partisan Rangers: Vol. XV— (903) Troops in the district of the Gulf, J. W. W. ]Mackall. Present for duty, 517; head- quarters Mobile, December 20, 1862. Vol. XXIII, Part i— (119) Jenkins' squadron, 2 killed and 12 wounded, engagement at Thompson's Station, Tenn., March, 1863. (195) Colonel Dibrell's report of affair at Florence, Marcli 25th, says: "Hannon's regi- ment was pouring volley after volley into the boats from the other side." Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (944) Col. M. W. Hannon, Rod- dey's brigade, Wheeler's corps, July, 1863. No. 55 — (664) Assignment as above, November 20, 1863. No. 56— (619, S04, 888) Roddey's brigade, de- tached,Wheeler's corps, December, 1863. No. 57 — (119) At Athens, Ala., January 26, 1864. No. 59 — (801) Mentioned April 20th, on picket duty in front of Dalton; not transferred with Roddey's brigade to Polk's department. (871) Lieut. -Col. J. F. Gaines, Hannon's brigade, Wheeler's corps, April 30th. (873) Company G, Capt. P. B. Mastin, Jr., escort to Walker's division. No. 74 — (642, et seq.) Hannon's brigade, Wheeler's corps, Atlanta campaign. (693) Ordered to Jonesboro to cooperate with General Armstrong in repelling raids coming in that direction, August 28, 1864. (946) Men- tioned in report of Gen. Joseph Wheeler, battle of Resaca. No. 78 — (856) Hannon's brigade, Wheeler's corps, Sep- tember 20, 1S64. No. 99— (980, 1072) Hagan's brigade, Wheeler's corps, I January, 1S65. (114S-1151) Mentioned by Maj. John G. ' Devercux, Augusta, Ga,, February 10, 1^65. i rf : »»TXJ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. . 285 THE FIFTY-SIXTH ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Fifty-sixth regiment of mounted infantry, known 4» Partisan Rangers, was organized in the summer of 1 563, by the union of Hewlett's and Boyles' battalions of cavalry, both of which had done good service in the army of the Gulf as scouts and pickets, and had fought gal- Untly at King's Creek and other points in Mississippi. Attached to Ferguson's brigade, the regiment was sent to north Georgia and did arduous duty in the many bat- tles of the Dalton-Atlanta campaign. After going- with Hood into Tennessee, it turned and harassed Sherman on his march. It was in the trenches at Savannah and operated near Augusta, moved into the Carolinas and finally surrendered at Greensboro, 200 strong. Colonel lk)yles was at one time in command of Ferguson's bri- Rade, and Lieut. -Col. William Martin took command of the regiment. Capt. Wm. McGill was killed near Deca- tur, and Capt. Thomas D. Hall was wounded near Kingston. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Boyles' Mobile Dra;.joons: Vol. V— (868) Field return for March, 1862, 97 present for duty. Vol. XV — (850) Cktober 31, 1862, in district of the Gulf, commanded by Maj.-Gen. J. H. Forney. No. 42 — (39) June 8, 1863, in army of Mobile at Pascagoula. Fifteenth battalion, Alabama cavalrj', also called First b.ittalion, merged into Fifty-sixth regiment, Partisan K.mgcrs: No. 36 — (6S9) Mentioned at "Okiilona, ]May 14, '?''3. 350 strong, in report of General Ruggles, action at King's Creek, near Tupelo, Miss. No. 37 — (483) Men- tioned by Gen. Daniel Rugglcs, in operations in norili- I'.istem Mississippi, as Colonel Boyles' First Alabama. No. 38 — (400) Mentioned by General Oglesby at Okolona, June 10, 1863. (S37) General Rugglcs, Okolona, May 5th, says: "Major Boyles' Alabama cavalry cannot be •ip.ired." (917) Mentioned at Okolona, May 24th (called "'•<-• First). (973) Mentioned by General Rugglcs, June Tliirtcenlh Battalion, merged into Fifty-sixth regi- <\x : « ?>n 286 -CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. ment, Partisan Rangers: Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (815) Maj, W. A. Hewlett's Partisan Rangers. Gen. J. C. Pembcr- ton's command, December, 1S62. (818) Col. John Adair.s says, battalion stationed at Buttahatehie bridge, twelve miles north of Columbus, on the Aberdeen road, January I, 1863. (846) Special orders. No. 3, January 19th, to picket and scout in advance on Aberdeen road. No. 36 — {690) Commended by General Ruggles in report of action at King's Creek, May 5, 1863. (691-693) Maj. W. A. Hewlett in his report of King's Creek, com- mends gallant and meritorious conduct of Capt. J. R. Shepherd and Lieuts. Samuel P. Morrow and H. H. Bibb. No. 38 — (611) In Ruggles' brigade, Pemberton's army, January 31, 1863. (639) One hundred men ordered to report to Major Mathews at Fayetteville, Ala., February azd. (643) General Johnston orders ^Nlajor Hewlett's battalion to report to General Ruggles for duty near Aberdeen, February 24th. (655) Ordered by General Ruggles to be armed, etc., March 6th. (699)' Battalion has been disabled by camp diseases; to be pushed for- ward to Smithville, etc., Columbus, Miss., March 31st. (706) In Ruggles' brigade, April. (718) Ordered to be in readiness for marching orders, April 6th, at Butta- hatehie bridge. (796) Ordered from Aberdeen to Buena Vista, April 27th. (917) Thirteenth Alabama battalion in the vicinity of Okolona, Miss., May 24th. (973) Men- tioned by General Ruggles. United with ColonelBoyles' regiment and some Tennessee regiments, May 15th.' Fifty-sixth Alabama cavalry, Col. William Eoyles: No. S3 — (5) Mentioned by Union scout as at New Albany. Miss., October i, 1863. (559) Mentioned in General Ferguson's report of troops, Okolona, Miss., August 27th. (576) Mentioned by Gen. S. D. Lee, with Gener.il Ferguson, Morton, September ist. (582) Mentioned. Morton, Miss., September 2d. (724) Ordered to move at once to vicinity of Cherry creek, by General Lee, Octo- ber 2d. Nos. 56, 57, 58, 59 — In Ferguson's brigade, S. D. Lee's cavalry corps, November, 1S63, to April, 1S64. No. 73— (756) Mentioned by Col. E. McCook (Union), Atlanta campaign. No. 74 — (646, et seq.) In Ferguson's brigade, Jackson's division. Gen. L. P.^lk's armv, Atlant.i campaign. No. 75— (45") Mentioned by CuluuJl Mcdolc (Union), Juno 11, 1S64, as at Ackworth and Dallas. f CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 287 \;„. 7S — (857) Lieut. -Col. William Martin, Colonel i-.\lcs commanding Ferguson's brigade, Wheeler's corps, .Nrptcrabcr 20, 1864. No. 94 — (791) Company C transferred to Tenth Mis- i;4\:ppi cavalry, special orders signed by Gen. John Withers, Richmond, Va., January 17, 1865. No. 99 — (1072) Ferguson's brigade, Wheeler's corps, J.tnuary 31, 1865. THE FIRST CONFEDERATE CAVALRY. The First Confederate cavalry was one of General Wheeler's best regiments ; several of the companies were men from Alabama, but the iield officers were from other SiAtcs. Captain Robertson's company was organized early in the war, and saw considerable service before it wxs consolidated with other companies. Captain Brad- ley's Company A was detached on escort duty all during the war, serving the greater part of the time in Forrest's i!ivision. The rest of the regiment was brigaded, suc- cessively, with General Wharton, General Russell, Gen- eral Wade, General Humes, General Allen and General Anderson, in Wheeler's cavalry corps. It was at Lavergne in November, 1S62, and distin- k'uished itself at Murfreesboro by its gallant charge and eapture of the Seventy-fifth Illinois. It fought at Guy's •'■ip, Shelbyville, Trenton, Lafayette, Chickamauga, McAfee's, Noonday Creek, and in numberless skirmishes '!'.:ring the campaigns of the army of Tennessee. Capt. * h.irlcs H. Conner was in command continuously after the spring of 1863. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. First Confederate cavalry, Col. John T. Cox. Vol. VI— (^'JS) Six companies ordered to Mobile, February 27, I. "162, by General Bragg. Vf,l. VII — (-cg) General Pillow reports Robertson's "ipany of cavalry in Rrownvillc, December 16, 1S61. ' ''■^1 Col. B. J. Lea reports Robertson's company scout- '"•K between Clifton and Savannah, February 26, 1S62. ■"^ .nr L.K nu-.iHi''^' l-'-.i.ie'tJ ' -' 288 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. (918) Beauregard's confidential notes, March 4th, sav that Robertson's cavalr\- is to remain at Henderson. Vol. X, Part 2— (408) Col. W. C. Jackson asks f„r Robertson's cavalry to be sent to Trenton, Tenn., April 10, 1862. Vol. XV — (19) General Van Dorn mentions cavalry escort under Lieutenant Bradley, Company A, in dc fenses of Vicksburg, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part i — (899) Commended in report of Gen Joe Wheeler, Knoxville, October 30, 1862; Lieut.-Col C. S. Robertson commanding. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (835) Field returns, Wharton's cav airy, 156 effective, December 30, 1862. Company A, Captain Bradley. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (661) Acting as cavaliy escort, General Van Dorn's troops, July, 1862; 36 present. (814-847) Acting as cav- alry escort for Colonel Jackson's corps. General Pember- ton's troops, December, 1862; 29 present. First Confederate regiment. Vol. XX, — (16) Reported as with Wheeler's cavalry at Lavergne, November 27, 1862. (329) Mentioned in Major Collins' (Union) report of advance on Murfreesboro. (C61) Under Col. John T. Cox, Wharton's brigade, Wheeler's cavalry, December, 1862. (773) Hardee's report of battle of Murfreesboro says this regiment captured the Seventy-fifth Illinois regiment. Conduct highly commended. (966) General Wharton's report speaks of Co.x's gallant charge and capture of prisoners. (969) Regiment again commended by Genera] Wharton. Vol. XX, Part 2— (446) Wharton's brigade, 136 effective total, two companies detached, December 10, 1862. Vol. XXIII, Part i — (537, 53S) Mentioned in Union reports of Guv's Crap and Shelbvville, June, 1S63. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (362) Gen. J. M. Brannan (Union) reports arrival of Cox's cavalry at Chapel Hill, May 25, 1^63. (371) Mentioned as on picket duty near Shelbv- ville in letter to General Garfield, from Mrs. M. B. Lee, May 29th. (730) Mentioned in letter from General Wharton to General Wheeler, Union ville, March 30, 1S63. (841) Attached to General Martin's brigade, May i8th. (943) Capt. C. H. Conner, Russell's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps, July. (944) Com])any A, Cajit. John Bradley, er.cort in Armstrong's brigade, I'orrest's division, July. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 289 Xo. 38 — (592) Company A at headquarters at Grenada, Mis.-?.. January 20, 1863. No. 51 — (19) Russell's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps, Chickamauga campaign, September, 1S03. No. 52 — {izA Gen. R. B. Mitchell (Union) reports i-c;,'iment on the road to Trenton, September 3, 1863, with Martin's div-ision. (449) General Negley (Union) reports regiment near LaFayette, September 8, 1863. No. 55 — (663) Capt. C. H. Conner, in Wade's brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, November, 1S63. No. 56 — (619) First brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalr}' corps, October 31, 1863. (640) Ordered to move on to Spring Place, November 6th. No. 58 — (590) Hume's brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, January-, 1864. No. 73 — (819, 822) Mentioned in Colonel Minty's (Union) reports of skirmish at McAfee's, June 11, 1864, and Noonday Creek, June 21st. No. 94 — (751) Mentioned in General Forrest's orders from Corinth, January i, 1865. THE THIRD CONFEDERATE CAVALRY. The Third Confederate cavalry, which entered the serv- ice under Col. J. R. Howard, included seven Alabama companies. It served during the greater part of the ' '.v.ir in Wheeler's cavalry, and fought throughout the i campaigns in Kentucky and Tennessee in numberless raids and skirmishes. It fought at Murfreesboro, Triune, Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Bridgeport, Tren- ^ ton, McAfee's, Noonday Creek. After the resignation of \ Ciijunel Howard, the regiment was commanded, success- ively, by Col. W. N. Estes and Col. P. H. Rice. It was constantly in demand for picket duty and scouting, and ^vas distinguished for gallantry' and endurance. Colonel Estes was killed near Chattanooga, and Colonel Rice was wounded in Georgia. Lieut. -Col. John McCaskill and Capt Dan Clayton were wounded, and Adjt. N. Roth- l>ock was killed, at Murfreesboro. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. K.stcs' Battalion, Alabama cavalry, Mai. W. N. Estes, 290 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. merged into Third Confederate: Vol. X, Part 2 — (573) In Leadbetter's brigade, Gen. E. Kirby Smith's army, May 31, 1862. Third Confederate cavalry: Vol. XVI, Part i — (889) General Maxey's report of fight near Graham's, August 30, 1862, mentions Captain Rice's company. (891) Highly commended by General Maxey. (1143) Report of Col. J. R. Howard of skirmishes near Mountain gap, October 14 to 16, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (242) General McCook writes to General Buell that Howard's regiment is on road to Nash- ville, August r, 1862. (267) "Howard has returned to Chattanooga," August 6th. (716) In Kirby Smith's forces, unattached. (743) Ordered to report to General Forrest, August 4th. (761) Ordered to remain near Chattanooga, August 17th, with General Maxey. (800) Ordered into Sequatchie valley, September 7th. (840) Gen. Sara Jones says he will send it, with Maxey's com- mand, into Kentucky. (985) In Pegram's brigade, Heth's division, Gen. E. Kirby Smith's troops, October 31st. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (835) Field return, with Wharton's brigade, 457 effective, December 30, 1S62. Vol. XX— (14) Report of Colonel Howard of skirmish near Tompkinsville, Ky., November 17, 1862; 4 killed, 3 wounded. (75) Mentioned in General Wharton's report, December loth. {zt,^) Mentioned in Union report of Stone's river, January 3, 1S63. (661) Under Lieut. W. N. Estes, in Wharton's brigade, Wheeler's cavalry. (966) Mentioned in General Wharton's report of Mur- freesboro. Vol. XXIII, Part 1— (162) Mentioned in Wharton's report of fight at Triune, March 21, 1863. (430, 454, 458) Mentioned in reports of General Thomas, General Reynolds and Col. John T. Wilder (Union), of fight near Hoover's Gap. (57S) Mentioned by Lieutenant'^-Colonel Lamborn (Union) as falling back to Tullahoma, June 27th. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (739) Wharton says: "Third will camp at Fairfield," April 4, 1863. (740) Col. Baxter Smith says regiment, under Col. W. N. Estes, was at Jacksonburg, April 5th. (915) General Anderson reports bridge over Sequatchie, near Jasper, burned by detach- ment under Capt. P. H. Rice, July igth. (943, 960) Harrison's brigade, Wharton's division, Wheeler's coros, July. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 291 Xo. 50 — (233) Harrison's brigade, October 7, 1863. (^tS, 469) Captain Edmondson's company mentioned in Federal reports, at the Narrows, near Jasper, Tenn. , Au^oist and September. (926) Mentioned in report of Kli Long, near Bridgeport, Ala., September ist. (928) Report of Lieut. -Col. V. Cupp says, Estes, with 400 men, nmp>ed on road between Bridgeport and Trenton; speaks .if skirmish, August 29th. No. 51 — (19) Harrison's brigade, Wharton's division, Wheeler's corps, Chickamauga campaign, September, i.soj. (520) General Wheeler's report says Estes' regi- ment was picketing Tennessee river from Bridgeport to • iantersville, August 27th. No. 52 — (232) Gen. J. M. Hrannan (Union) reports a capture of some of Rice's cav- alr)-; 4 killed near Battle creek, August 30, 1863. (257) (ieneral Wagner reports that regiment is patrolling river. (384) General Negley says Rice's cavalry, 300 strong, passed up valley, September 6th. No. 53 — (574) Mentioned in letter of Lieutenant-Col- onel Mauldin, Trenton, Ga., August 31, 1863. No. 56— (722) Col. H. B. Lyon reports Third, with j6o men, with him on way to Kingston, November 20, 1863. (807) Wade's brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's corps, December, 1S63. No. 58 — (349) General Thomas (Union) says, scout reports four companies of Third Confederate cavalry in Cherokee county, February 7, 1864. (590) Hume's bri- K'lde, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, January 30th. No. 73 — (819, 822) Mentioned in Colonel Minty's report '■f skirmish at McAfee's, June nth, and Noonday creek, j'Jue 21, 1864. _ N'o. 74— (642) Col. P. H. Rice, Allen's brigade, Kelly's ''■ivision, Wheeler's cavalry corps, April, 1864. (650) Lieut. -Col. John McCaskil'l, Anderson's brigade, Kelly's •livision, June. (652) Captain Billinglea's company, escort to Hindman's division. (658-673) Assignment as above, to August. No. 75_(,66) Mentioned in letter of Col. L. D. Wat- «ms (Union), Wauhatchie, Tenn., May 13, 1864. No. ;8 — (856) Assignment as above, September 30th. TJo. ''-'7;-('27) Union scout reports regiment camping in Wills' ■ _'"."y, December 7, 1S64, on their way to attack *\ hitcsidcs. I .J» ,( * - • »» -^ 292 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 98 — (1065) Hampton's cavalry corps, Johnston's army, April 9, 1S65. No. 99 — (107 1) Col. P. H. Rice, Anderson's brigade, Allen's division, Wheeler's cavalrj- corps, Hardee's army, January 31, 1865. THE EIGHTH CONFEDERATE CAVALRY. The Eighth Confederate cavalry was organized after the battle of Shiloh, by the consolidation of Brewer's, Bell's and Baskerville's battalions, comprising six Ala- bama and four Mississippi companies. Brewer's, one of the first mounted bodies raised in the State, fought with distinction at Shiloh, and acted as rear guard for Polk's army. The Eighth moved with the army of Tennessee into Kentucky and fought with it before and after the battle of Murfreesboro; was in Wheeler's dash on Rose- crans* rear during the battle. It lost heavily at Shelby- ville, where a portion of the regiment was captured, and suffered severely at Chickamauga and Dalton. It took part in the capture of Stoneman, and fought as infantry in the Dalton-Atlanta campaign. It was with Wheeler in his last raid into Tennessee, then moved into Vir- ginia, except part of his regiment which was attached to Chalmers' brigade and skirmished in Alabama until the close of the war. The remainder fought Burbridge at Saltville, and pursued Sherman; fighting incessantly •until it surrendered at Greensboro, 100 strong. Col. W. B. Wade was wounded in Tennessee. Lieut. -Col. J. S. Prather was wounded, and Major McCaa killed, at Murfreesboro: Muj. John Wright was wounded at Shel- bj-ville; Captain? Ferguson, Thompson and Lindsay and Adjutant Goodrich were captured. Capt. John McEl- derry was killed near Dalton, Capt. Joseph A. Mathews near Columbia; Capt. Henry Holmes was wounded at Boonsville and Jonesboro, and Capt. Francis Pinckard died in the service. Col. R. H. Brewer, of Brewer's battalion, was a graduate of West Point. He resigned, and was afterward killed in the valley of Virginia, in 1864. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 293 EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Brewer's Battalion, Alabama cavalry: Vol. VII— (854) At Paris, Tenn., January, 1862, in Stewart's brigade, I'olk's army. (909) Alentioned by Gen. Daniel Ruggles, February 26th, Florence, Ala. Vol. X, Part I — (417) Mentioned in report of Colonel Russell, Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862. (461-463) Colonel lircwer in his reports of the battle of Shiloh says, com- mand zoo strong; 2 killed and 10 wounded. He mentions M.ijor Baskerville, to whom he is much indebted for cool- r)c.>is. etc. Acted as rear-guard to Polk's corps. (529) Mentioned in report of Captain Jenkins. Vol. X, Part 2— (306) Unattached, General Polk's army, March 9, 1862. (375) Mentioned by Col. Preston Smith, .March 31st, in skirmish near Adarasville. (382) Men- tioned in General Hardee's division, April ist, at Purdy. (385) Mentioned April 2d, scouting near Purdy. (415) Placed in position at Bethel, April 12th. (419) Men- tioned in special orders. No. 12, April 14th. (435) Gen- eral Maxey says: "Colonel Brewer's cavalry is destroying bridges at Purdy," April 23d. (456) Mentioned by Gen- eral Maxey, Bethel, April 27th. (458) Ordered to pro- tect the Mobile & Ohio railroad, by command of General Ikauregard, April 28th. (459) Three hundred and forty- two present for duty, April 28th, General Beall's cavalry i-n^'ade. (493) Mentioned by Colonel Lindsay, Camp Ktxjic, near Purdy, May 5th. (516) Mentioned by Adjut- ant-General Jordan. Corinth, May 12th. (519) Guarding the crossing, Memphis & Charleston railroad. May 13th. («s.') Captain Falkner's company placed at intersection "f roads from luka to Jacinto, June 4, 1862. Vnl. XVII, Part 2— (63) Attacked Colonel Sheridan, j-'ily I, 1862; Asboth. (66) Mentioned by Colonel Sher- iraham was especially distinguished, and will be re- ■•'•■■irdud with a badge of honor on some suitable occasion, 'i Ir.s success should teach our cavalry forces what they tan accomplish by bravery and daring, and should incite CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 1 them to like deeds of valor." By command of General Beauregard, general orders, No. 74. Capt. A. W. Bowie's company, Alabama cavalry : Nd. I 75 — (793) Mentioned near Rome, Ga. , June 22, 1864, m [ letter from Maj. W. J. Walthall. No. 78— (686) Letter I from Captain Bowie to Major Walthall, dated near Tal- ! ladega, July 5th. Eighth Confederate cavalrj-. Col. W. B. Wade. Vol. X — (868, 869) Reports of Capt''. J. Falkner and Lieut. J. S. Prather, burning of Cypress creek bridge. May 30, 1862. (880) Report of Colonel Claiborne, Sixth Confederate cavalry. May gth. , Vol. XVI, Part i — (898, 899) General Wheeler men- [ tions engagement on Perryville pike, October 11, 1862, in which regiment took part. Vol. XVL Part 2 — (790) jMentioned by Gen. Sam Jones, Chattanooga, August 31, 1862. (912) Colonel Wharton mentions in communication to General Polk, October 5th. Says will be at Lebanon next day. Vol. XVII, Part i— (5-8) Reports of Col. J. F. Lay and LieuL-Col. W. B. Wade of skirmish at Clear creek, near Baldwyn, June 15, 1862. (23) Mentioned in report of Col. Joseph Wheeler, expedition from Holly Springs to | Bolivar, etc., July, 1S62. t Vol. XVII, Part 2— (663) Regiment to leave Tupelo for | Chattanooga, August 5, 1S62. (666) General Price asks | General Bragg to leave Wade's cavalr\- at Tupelo. | VoL XX— (661) In Wheeler's brigade, Wheeler's cav- i . airy, Stone's River campaign, January, 1863. (958) | Report of Gen. Joseph Wheeler. \ Vol. XXIII, Part i— (27-29) Colonel Minty's report of % skirmish near Rover, February 13, 1863. Capt. L. W. 1 Battle's report of skirmish at Middleton, January 31st. ([136, 137, 335, 343) Mentioned in Union reports of fight- ing at Middleton, May, 1863. (346) Mentioned in dis- patch of General Martin to General Polk, May 2 2d. (534. 558) Mentioned in Union reports of Shelbyville, June 28th. Adjutant captured while endeavoring to protect the commanding officers. Vol. XXIII, Part 2 — (459) General Stanley reports regi- ment on way to Chapel Hill, June 25, 1863. (847) Gen- eral Martin reports part of regiment captured at Foster- ville. May 22d. (923) Lieutenant-Colonel Prather, wita detachment of 230, near Decatur, July 21st. (943) Under CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 295 Capt. J. H. Field, Hagan's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps, July. (960) Morgan's brigade, Martin's division, etc., August. No. 51 — (19) Under Lieut. -Col. John S. Prather, Mor- gan's brigade, Martin's division, Wheeler's corps, Chicka- mauga campaign. (520) General Wheeler's report of Chickamauga says that Wade's regiment was picketing from Guntersville to Decatur, August 27th. No. 52 — (449) General Negley (Union) reports regi- ment near Lafayette, September 8, 1863. No. 53 — (371-374) Generals Hooker and Howard (Union) report regiment, 300 strong, at Trenton, Octo- ber 14, 1863. (500) Under Capt. J. H. Field, in Hagan's brigade, Martin's division, August 15th. (589) Ordered to report to General Martin without delay. (708) Or- dered to report to General Martin as soon as relieved by Ninth Kentucky cavalry, September 27th. No. 54 — (778) Lieut.-Col. J. C. Rodgers reports regi- ment near Summerville, October 28, 1863. No. 56 — (51) M. M. Phillips, scout, reports regiment in Lookout valley, November 5, 1863. (619) First brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, October 31st. (640) General Martin reports Eighth Confederate as moving to Spring Place, November 6th. (807) Wade's brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, December. No. 58 — (590) Humes' brigade, Kelly's division, Jan- uary 20, 1864. No. 59— (871) Lieut.-Col. John S. Prather, Allen's brigade, Kelly's division, April 30th. No. 73 — (819, 822) Mentioned in Colonel Minty's report of skirmish at McAfee's, June nth, and Noonday creek, June 2ist. (823) Mentioned in Memphis Appeal, June 25th, in a report of fight at Latimar's mill, quoted by Colonel Minty. No. 74_(642) Lieut.-Col. John S. Prather, Allen's bri- gade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, April 30, 1864. (650) Anderson's brigade, June 30th. (658-673) Assignments as above. (944) Mentioned in General Wheeler's report of fight at Varnell's, May 9th. (950) Highly commended by General Wheeler in general orders, No. 6, for conduct at Varnell's; McElderry killed. (972, 973) Report of Lieut. John A. Vaughan Commanding scuts, McCook's raid, July 27th to 31st. ^'o. 77 — (496) Col. G. G. Dibrell's report of operation^ 296 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. near Readyville, September, 1864, says Major Wright's cavalry were on picket duty there. No. 78 — (856) Assignment as above, September 30th. No. 92 — (961) Mentioned by General Anderson as at Savannah, December 15, 1864. No. 98 — {1065) Hampton's cavalry corps, Johnston's army, April 9, 1865. No. 99 — (107 1) Lieutenant-Colonel Prather, Ander- son's brigade, Allen's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, Hardee's army, January 31, 1865. {1283) Mentioned in letter of Col. G. G. Dibrell, on road from White Oak to Rocky mountain, February 26th. No. 103 — (433) Mentioned in Colonel Cooper's (Union) report of skirmish near Montgomery, April 13, 1865. (970) Ordered to Plymouth, February 13th. (993, 994) Attached to General Starke's brigade, February iSth. (1027) Part of regiment attached to Chalmers' brigade, March 3d. (1033) Ordered to report to General Arm- strong, March 6th. (105 1) A company ordered to Fulton to scout in the direction of Eastport, March 12th. No. 104 — (1122, 1 127) Relieved from duty with Arm- strong's brigade and ordered to rejoin Anderson's, March 18, 1865. THE TENTH CONFEDERATE CAVALRY. The Tenth Confederate cavalr>' was organized at Mur- freesboro from the battalion of Col. Charles T. Goode and Lieut. -Col. M. N. Slaughter's Seventeenth Alabama battalion of cavalry of Hilliard's legion, which had passed through the Kentucky campaign. In Pegram's brigade, it fought at Monticello, losing heavily; fought several battles in the Kentucky campaign, losing 160 men, and at Jimtown it lost 50 men. It fought at Chick- amauga under General Forrest, and suffered severely. It was largely employed in picket and outpost duty. Brigaded, successively, under Generals Wade, Humes and Robinson, in Kelly's division, it fought with consider- able loss at Resaca, New Hope, and all through the many battles of the Dalton-Atlanta campaign. It took part in Wheeler's last raid as far as Saltville ; returned to the Carolinas, fought at Bentonville. and surrendered with ' I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 297 Johnston's army, 300 strong. Colonel Goode, who was wounded at Chickamauga, was promoted and retired. Col. W. J. Vason was wounded at Bentonville, Lieuten- ant-Colonel Slaughter at Cleveland, and Maj. J. B. Rudolph at New Hope. Adjt. James E. Mitchell was captured; Capt. J. J. Clements was wounded and cap- tured at Jimtown ; Captain Barnes was captured, and died m prison ; Capt. T. A. Knight was wounded at Resaca. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XXIII, Part i— (830) Mentioned in General Hart suff's (Union) report as in Confederate troops near Win Chester, July 29, 1S63. (839) At Big Creek Gap, July 25 1S63, report of Col. J. S. Scott commanding brigade (840) Reported at Irvine, July 30th. \'ol. XXIII, Part 2— (568) Mentioned as near Mt. Ver non, Ky., July 2gth. (644) At Kingston, Tenn., in Col, S. J. Smith's brigade, Donelson's forces, February 20, 1S63. (711) At Kingston, March 19th. (793) Scott's brigade. Gen. W. G. M. Davis' forces, on outpost and special duty, April 2sth. (946) Scott's brigade, Buck- ner's army, July 31st, brigade on duty in Kentucky. No. 51 — (20) Scott's brigade, Pegram's division, For- rest's corps, Chickamauga campai:.,^, September, 1863. No. 56 — (619) First brigade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, October 31, 1863. (639) Ordered to report by letter to General Kelly at Cleveland, Tenn., and con- tmue picket duty, November 6th. (807) Wade's bri- frade, Kelly's division, Wheeler's cavalry corps, Decem- tH;r. No. 58 — (590, 591) Humes' brigade, Kelly's division, January 20, 1864. Company A, Capt. John M. McKleroy, e^ort to Stewart's dix-ision. No. 59_(87i) Capt. T. G. Holt, Allen's brigade, Kelly's division, April 30, 1864. ^'o. 73_(8i9) Mentioned in Colonel Minty's (Union) •"cport of skirmish at McAfee's, June nth, and Noonday Creek, June 21, 1864. No. 74— (642-644) Capt. T. G. Holt, Allen's brigade, Kflly's division, ivheeler's cavalry corps. April 30, 1864. . : .J 298 • CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. division, Wheeler's cavalry, June to Au^st, 1864. No. 78 — (856) Assignment as above, September 30th. No. 92 — (961) Mentioned by General Anderson as ne^r Savannah, December 15, 1864. No. 98 — (1065) Hampton's cavalry corps, Johnston's army, April 9, 1S65. (1122) Mentioned in Genentl Wheeler's report, near Wilson's store, March ist. No. 99 — (1071) Capt. W. J. Vason, Anderson's brigade. Allen's division, Wheeler's corps, Hardee's army, Jan- uary 31, 1865. (1096) Mentioned in report of Genera! Allen, February- 4th. (1301) Mentioned in letter of Lieut. -Col. Jo Robins, March ist. THE FIFTEENTH CONFEDERATE CAVALRY. The Fifteenth regiment of Confederate cavalry was organized early in 1864, at Mobile, and was composed of Alabama and Florida companies which had done coast duty for two or three years. It was placed under the command of Col. Henry Maury, and remained in the vicinity of Mobile and Pensacola the greater part of the year, except when it was sent in the fall to Louisiana, and took part in a brilliant fight at Tunica. It served, suc- cessively, in Jenifer's, Reynolds', Patton's, McCulloch's, and Clanton's brigades, in Maury's army. The regi- ment was described at organization as "full, well mounted and well armed; " by December it had lost sev- eral hundred, and was reported as "poorly clad and scantily fed;" but in January, 1865, it was recruited from citizens of Mobile and vicinity, armed with miscel- laneous weapons, and numbered 1,200 men. It was Soo strong in the city in February. The companies were almost always on detached duty, watching and checking the advance of the enemy and guarding the approaches to the city of Mobile. In April it was sent to establish a courier line to Demopolis. Before this could be done, the regiment took part in a disastrous fight at Claiborne. It blew up the magazine and evacuated Choctaw Bluff, April 14, 1865. The greater part of the men were dis- banded, and the few who remained in arms were paroled CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY, 299 a; Demopolis. Col. Henry Maury was disabled by a wound just before the close of the war. He was detained in Mobile, and the regiment was led at Claiborne by Lieu- tcaant-Colonel Myers. Capt. John H. Marshall was wounded and captured at Mississippi City. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 58 — (550) Mentioned in letter from Gen. D. B. Maurj- to General Polk, Mobile, January 12, 1864. (583) In Jenifer's brigade. General Maury's army, January jolh. (7S5) Maury's cavalry detached to different points m State and on coast, February 20th. No. 59 — (632, 633) Colonel Maury sent into Jones county to break up organized deserters who are destroying rail- roads, etc. Reports operations, March 12, 1864. (861) Reynolds' brigade, Maury's army, April 30, 1864. No. 65 — (399) General Asboth (Union) reports that Colonel Maury was attacked at Jackson bridge, Fla., and has returned to Fifteen Mile Station, May 25, 1864. (404, (405) Report of Capt. W. B. Amos, Company I, operations Yellow river, Fla., June 25th. (415) General Asboth reports Colonel Maury with 1,300 men on road to Pollard, July 23d. (418, 419) General Asboth says. Colonel Maury returned to Mobile, on July 24th, to protect city. (425) <">cneral Asboth reports three companies of Fifteenth at Il'ine Barren ridge, August 12th. No. 66 — (53, 56) General Asboth speaks of regiment as full, well mounted, well armed, under Colonel Maury ai'.J Lieutenant-Colonel Myers, near Pensacola, April, \ '*'^'4- (89, III, 165) Mentioned, further, by General f A -both. (257) General Asboth reports all of regiment ■■■-i-Ted to Tensaw river, August 24tli. ^ No. 78 — (67S) Col. Henry Maury, Patton's brigade, General Maury's army, June 30, 1864. (702) General Maury says regiment ordered to protect M. & O. railroad and Pascagouia, July nth. (703) Five companies, 409 t^Tective, ordered to' Mobile, July. (751) Maury- ' s regi- jnent, 600 strong, has been sent to meet raid of enemy I "'i" Pfnsacola; a: my returns, August 3d. (S14, 887) LulilcH's brigade, Gardner's army, September, 1864. N'o. 79 — (87c) Unattached in Maurv's army, November '. ■_^(J4. No. 86 — (425) Gen. J. Bailey (Union) says, six com- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. \ panics gone toward Milton, Fla., November 4, 1864; Col- onel Maury's movements commented on, . (675) Lieuten- ant Jackson (Union) reports regiment distributed as follows: "Three companies at Bluff Springs, three com- panies at Pollard, two companies at Milton, one company at Greenwood, one at Magnolia, with picket at Pine Barren ridge. Regiment numbers 700;" November 25th. (703) Same officer, November 28th, writes that on the 21st, five companies were at Greenwood, one company at Milton, three companies at Stockton, and Captain Bowen's com- pany, 80 strong, doing picket duty at Pine Barrens. (911) Maj. F. W. Marston '(Union) reports that Colonel Maur}' started about December loth toward Pollard to meet reported advance of Federal forces; confronted and harassed General Davidson near Citronelle. Describes them as "poorly clad and scantily fed. " No. 92 — (419) Mentioned in report of Lieutenant-Col- onel Spurling (Union) of fight at Pine Barren creek, November 17, 1864. No. 93 — ( 788 ) Mentioned in report of Gen. J. W. Davidson (Union) West Pascagoula, December 13, 1864. (1233) McCulloch's brigade. General Taylor's army, November 20, 1864. No. 94 — (631) Mentioned in General Maury's orders, December i, 1S64. (633) In Liddell's division, Maury's \ army, December i, 1864. (668) General Maurj' says ' regiment left Mobile, December 8, 1S64; has ordered j regiment to Leakesville, thence toward Bucatanna, etc. \ No. loi — (601, 617) Capt. S. M. Eaton (Union) reports 1 Maur}''s regiment "1,200 strong, composed of citizens of ■ | Mobile and vicinity, armed with miscellaneous weapons." % on the Pascagoula road "facing and watching General | Granger," January 21, 1S65. "] No. 103 — (98, 137, 304, 305) Federal reports of attack on i regiment at Claiborne, April 11, 1865. (636) Captain J Eaton (Union) reports Maury's cavalry in and about city | of Mobile, 1,000 strong, February 2d. (831) Statement of Perry Ryales, Mobile, February i6th, "Maury's cavalr)', 800, doing provost-guard duty." (833, 834) Mentioned at Pollard and Mobile. (1047) In Maury's command. General Maury's army, March 10, 1S65. No. 104 — (60) Report that regiment is sent to Blakely, March 22, 1S65. (163) General P^ailey (Union) rcpor:-^ regiment close in his rear, March 31st. (226) Captain CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 301 Eaton (Union) reports regiment in Clanton's brigade, April 4th. (364) Statement of Hngh McKeane, April Htli. reports 300 at Claiborne. Colonel Maury in city, wounded. (373) General Lucas (Union) mentions fight at Claiborne, April nth; says detachment numbered 450. (450) General Asboth reports regiment collecting at Pol- lard under Captain Main, April 23d. (1172) Maury's o'tnmand ordered to be kept ready to report movements of enemy, March 29th. (12 16) Ordered to be ready to reinforce Wirt Adams, April 8th. (1226) Ordered to ^.'uard river above Choctaw, and establish courier line to I)cmopolis, April nth. (1228) Has been ordered to cross from Claiborne, scout river and open communications with Demopolis, April 12th. (1230-1232) Ordered to remain on west bank of Alabama river, April 12 th. (1J42) Couriers report defeat of Maury's command near Claiborne, April 15th. (1250) Capt. W. T. Smith con- firms report of fight at Claiborne, says: Maury was not with command. Lieutenant-Colonel Myers was in com- mand. Remnant of regiment near Greenville. Reported that Colonel Miles blew up magazine and evacuated Choctaw Bluff, April 14th. THE FOURTH BATTALION, ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Fourth Alabama battalion was made up of three Companies from Alabama which went to Virginia in 1862. They were first assigned to the Jeff Davis legion, and afterward became part of the Phillips legion, Hamp- ton's cavalr}', in which organization they did some hard fiK'hting. Their captains were Andrew P. Love, McKen- •••:<-' and Roberts. Captain Love was captured at Din- \viddie. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. ^No. 82 — (763) July II, 1864, assigned, by special orders, ^'o. 161, to the Jeff Davis legion of cavalry. (823) Field returns, Julv, 1864. Xo. 88— (656) Transferred to Phillips' legion, Sep- tember, 1864. (1219) August 10, 1S64: Young's bri- K-ide, Butler's division. Hampton's cavalry corps. (1310) ^■-■ptf ruber, 1S64, \v'th Phillips' legion, assignment as •t'lxjve. 302 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. THE TWENTY-FOURTH BATTALION, ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Twenty-fourth battalion of cavalry was organized late in the war; it was detached from Roddey's brigade when the latter was transferred to Polk's army in April, 1864, and remained with the army of Tennessee, serving with General Wheeler's cavalry. It was in Hannon's brigade until January, 1865, when it was transferred to Hagan's. Its record is the same as that of the Fifty- third Alabama. Maj. Robert B. Snodgrass, who com- manded the battalion, was wounded three times. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 59 — (801) On picket in front of Dalton, April 20, 1864; not transferred to Polk's army with Roddey's bri- gade. (871) Maj. Robert B. Snodgrass, in Hannon's brigade, General Wheeler's corps, April 30th. No. 74 — (642, et seq.) In Hannon's brigade. General Wheeler's corps, Atlanta campaign. (956) Mentioned in General Wheeler's report of battle of Resaca. No. 78 — (S56) Same assignment, September 20, 1S64. . No. 99 — (980) Mentioned in organization of corps com- manded by General Wheeler, Charleston, S. C, January 2, 1865. Transferred to Hagan's brigade. (1072) Capt. R. F. Davis transferred to Hagan's brigade, Wheeler's corps, January 31st. (1148-1152) Mentioned by Maj. John Devereux, Augusta, Ga., February loth. THE TWENTY-FIFTH BATTALION, ALABAMA CAVALRY. The Twenty-fifth battalion was sometimes called Mead's battalion. Capt. L. G.- Mead commanded a com- pany which operated very effectively in north Alabama and Tennessee in the summer and fall of 1862. He after- ward raised a number of companies, and his men were spoken of as most reckless and daring. They were formed into battalions, the Alabama companies being consolidated into the Twenty-fifth battalion, in March, 1864, under the command of Maj. Miles E. Johnston, and serving in the" neighborhood of the Tennessee river. They surrendered at Huntsville, May u, 1S65. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 303 EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Mead's company. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (758) August 15, l^^}, ordered to operate in north Alabama and Tennes- *cc. and report to nearest Confederate commander. (781) • icncral Bragg's order, Chattanooga, Tenn. , August 26, 1 >6 J. The following assignment of cavalry is announced : t'rawford's, Mead's and Allen's regiment, commanded by Colonel Wheeler, to left wing of army of the Missis- »;ppi, and will report to Major-General Hardee. Twenty-fifth Battalion, Maj. Miles E. Johnston. No. loj— (561, 562) Mentioned in report of Colonel Given, iluntsville, Ala., Jtlay 29, 1865, in report of surrender of {uhnston's command. (563, 564, 566) Correspondence of Major Johnston, Huntsville, Ala., May, in regard to terms of surrender. (640) Mentioned by Gen. R. W. Johnson (Union), Pulaski, Tenn. ; called Mead's bat- talion. (665) Mentioned by Col. W. J. Clift (Union), Fay- rtteville, Tenn., Mead's men "the most reckless and daring in the country." (1023) Special orders. No. 52, Richmond, Va., March 2, 1865. "The following com- lunies Alabama cavalry raised within the enemy's lines oy Capt. L. G. Mead, under authority of the war depart- ment, are hereby organized into a battalion, to be known as the Twenty-fifth battalion, Alabama cavalr>': Capt. M. E, Johnston's, Capt. F. E. Cotton's, Capt. D. C. Nel- : -n's, Capt. R. L. Welch's, Capt. W. M. Campbell's and Capt. John Cobb's." BARBIERE'S RESERVE CAVALRY. Barbiere's reserve cavalry consisted of six companies lender the command of Maj. Joseph Barbiere, and served {inncipally in central Alabama during the fall and winter t'f 1864-65. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. •^'o- 93 — (1233) In Armistead's brigade, central Ala- bama, General Taylor's army, November 20, 1864. No. W — (634) In Armistead's brigade, central Alabama, <'Cncral Maury's army, December i, 1864. No. 103 — lv'y>') Barbiere's battalion cavalry, six companies, head- '-.'"arters-Wilsonville, February, 1865. 304 CONFEDERA TE MI LIT A R Y HIS TOR Y. BEALL'S BATTALION, ALABAMA CAVALRY. Beall's battalion of cavalry consisted of threa^ompanie-. of cavalry under the command of Maj. T. S. Beall, ami served under General Beall, in Mississippi, in the spring •of 1862. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 2 — (459) Present for duty, 42, April 28. 1862, General Beall's cavalry at Corinth, Miss. GUNTER'S BATTALION, ALABAMA CAVALRY. Gunter's battalion of cavalry was organized early in 1862, and was merged with Gibson's Eighteenth battalion of mounted infantry. It served with Forrest; s cavalry, and engaged in numerous conflicts with the enemy along the Tennessee. In November it was dismounted ; joined the army of Tennessee, was attached to Wood's brigade, and fought with heavy loss at Chickamauga. Maj. John T. Gibson, who succeeded Major Gunter in •command, was killed at Chickamauga. The battalion afterward fought with Cleburne. It was attached to the Twenty-third Alabama without losing its organization. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (783) Mentioned by Gen. Sam Jones, Chattanooga, Tenn., August 27, 1862. (857) Moved :o Tullahoma, September ;oth. (890) Moved to Nashville, September 29th. (91S) Sent to Lavergne, October 6th. (929) Ordered to report to General Forrest, Knoxvillc, October 9th. HARDIE'S RESERVE CAVALRY. Hardie's reserve cavalry consisted of six companies under command of Maj. Joseph Hardie, and served in Ala- bama and Georgia. Hardie's company is mentioned in re- ports of Rousseau's raid and at various points in Georgia The battalion, 530 strong, was at Talladega in February, 1865, and was attached to General Maury's army. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 305 EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Hardie's Reserve Company: No. 74 — (975) Mentioned bv Major Walthall in report of Rousseau's raid, July 14, 1.S64, about 20 men. No. 75 — (793) Mentioned near Kctn'e, Ga., June 22d. No. 78 — (686) Mentioned by Cap- !.i:n Bowie, June 28th, at Cave Spring. Hardie's Reser^^e Battalion: No. 93 — (1233) In Armi- ^tt•ad's brigade, central Alabama, November 20, 1864. No. 94 — (634) In Armistead's brigade, central Alabama, December I St. No. 103 — (998) Hardie's battalion cavalry, MX companies; 530 for duty; headquarters, Talladega, Ala LEWIS' BATTALION, ALABAMA CAVALRY. Lewis' battalion served in central Alabama and Georgia during the summer and fall of 1S64, and until the close of the war. It consisted of five companies under Captains Harrell, Brooks, Morrison. Barnes and May. The gallant Major Lewis was killed while leading the battalion at Lafayette, Ga. He was succeeded in command by Maj. William V. Harrell. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 74 — (997) One killed, 5 wounded, at Lafayette, Ga., June 24, 1S64. Maj. T. H. Lewis killed. (998, 999) Col. C. H. Armistead's report says: "Majors Lewis and Redwood have tested their devotion to our cause by seal- ing it with their blood. " (1000, looi) Colonel Ball's report of same. (1003) Capt. William V. Harrell's report says: "When nearly opposite the east end of the jail, the noble, f:.i".lantand chivalrous Major Lewis fell mortally wounded, while leading his men to the charge, addressing them in language of endearment and encouragement, stimulating ihtm by word and example to the performance of deeds Worthy of the world-wide reputation of the sons ot the ^uth for braverj- and heroism. As the spirit of the lamented Lewis was about to bid adieu to its earthly ten- ement, his feeble voice was heard saying: 'Charge them, ^"n-s, charge them,' and right nobly did his gallant boys ''-•"^pond. " (1004) One killed, 7 wounded at battle of La- '■•VL-tte. ■N'o. 78— (791) In Armistead's brigade, district of Central 306 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. and Northern Alabama, commanded by Brig. -Gen. D. \V. Adams, August 21, 1864. (S12) Present for duty, 104. Talladega, Ala., September ist. No. 93— (1233) In Armistead's brigade, under Maj. Wil. liam V. Harrell, central Alabama, November 20, 1864. No. 94 — (634) In same brigade, December. No. 103— (1047) In same brigade, army of Mobile, March 10, 1865. MORELAND'S BATTALION. ALABAMA CAVALRY. Moreland's battalion was included in Roddey's bri- gade and was in north Alabama and Tennessee dur- ing the greater part of the winter and spring of 1863-64, serving for a time in Hannon's brigade. It fought at Tishomingo creek, June, 1864, and was attached to Gen- eral Maury's army, serving in central and northern Ala- bama. It was paroled at luka, May 18, 1865. EXTRACTS FRO.M OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 52— (595) Mentioned by Gen. E. A. Carr (Union), Corinth, September 13, 1863. Left in valley on Roddey's departure. No. 54— (38) Mentioned bv General Fer^-uson near Courtland, Ala., October 31, 1863. (603) ^Men- tioned by Colonel Rowett (Union), Pulaski, Tenn., De- cember I'Sth. Report of skirmish on Shoal creek, Decem- ber 12th. No. 55— (664) Col. M. D. Moreland, Roddevs brigade, Wheeler's corps, detached, November 20, 1803. No. 56 — (92) Mentioned by Gen. J. D. Stevenson. Corinth, November 8, I S63. (619,806,888) In Roddey's brigade, Wheeler's corps, October to December, 1803. No. 58— (590) In Roddey's brigade, Wheeler's cor-,-. January 20, 1864. No. 59— (429) Mentioned by Colonel Rowett, Bailey's Springs, April iS, 1864. (735) Alentioned. March 26th, as being near Moulton. No. 77— (231) One killed, 5 wounded, at battle of Tisho- mingo Creek, June 10, 1864. (345) Reconnoissance near Tupelo, July 14th. No. 79— (817) Mentioned bv General Forrest, October 12, 1864. No. 93— (1233) In Roddey's brigade, district of North Alabama. November 20th N'^- 94— (634) In Roddey's brigade, North Alabama. Deccr.v ber ist. Xo. 99— (1150) '.Mentioned by Maj. Jnim < '• Devereux. February :o, 1865, as having belonged I" Han- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 307 r..'n's original command. No. 104 — (830) Paroled at luka, M.,y 18, 1865. STUART'S BATTALION. ALABAMA CAVALRY. Stuart's battalion, commanded by Maj. James H. Stuart, MTfved in north Alabama from the summer of 1864 until the close of the war, and was frequently engaged in scout- ing and skirmishing. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 77 — (362) Mentioned in report of Col. William T. C. (i rower, expedition from Decatur to Courtland, and skir- mish, July, 1S64. No. 78 — (668) In north Alabama, June, 1^64, Col. Josiah Patterson's report. No. 93 — (1233) In Koddey's brigade, district of North Alabama, November :oth. No. 94 — (634) In Roddey's brigade, north Ala- {'.ima, December ist. No. 103 — (48) Mentioned near U'arrcnton, February 17, 1865. COMPANIES OF ALABAMA CAVALRY. In addition to the regiments and battalions, there were a number of detached companies of Alabama cavalry, most of which served in the defense of Mobile and the H.iy forts. Cottrill's, White's and Arrington's served •'t Pollard, Mobile and Fort Morgan in and after 1862; •■ind Amos', Baldwin's, under Capt. T. C. Barlow, the Dorrence Rangers, under Capt. John W. Murrell, Golds- •'v's and Meador's companies served there later. Gor- '!"n's regiment is mentioned at Murfreesboro, and Hous- ■"n's and Hubbard's at Fort Henry. Crocheron's Light I'ragoons, under Capt. E. M. Holloway, served for along ':ine as escorts in the army of Tennessee. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Captain Amos' Company. Vol. XV — (1068) Canty's *'rigade, Buckner's corps, April, 1863, at or near Pollard. No. 42 — (39) June 8, 1863, in eastern division of depart- '"ent of the Gulf. I'.aUhviiVs R:in.L,rers, Capt. T. C. Barlow. Vol. XV— (S50) •Jn army of Mobile, October 31, 1S62. (1069) In Powell's 308 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. brigade. General Buckner's corps, April i86^ ' Pen' river. No. 4-'-(39, 131, 157) Powell's brigade V^.- . to August, 1S63, Camp Powell. ^ ' - CottriU's Scouts. Vol. VI— (499) Very hiehlv c. •• mended in Col. W. L. Powell's report, January .o' .;;, °f,^°''^^^l,^°''„POf ession of the schooner Andracita i.-', merly J. W. Wilder, near Fort xMorgan Vol Vv7u"p^'^^* Dragoons. Capt. E. M. Hollow,.,- Vol XXIII, Part .-(945, 958) Mentioned among esco-- Polk s army corps, Atlanta, July and August 186% X,: ' 51, 59. 74— Same mention, September, iS63,to June i"s', . Dorrence Rangers, Capt. John W. Murrell. Vol '.wl {850) Army of Mobile, October 31, 1862 (io6q Cu- ming s brigade, Buckner's corps, department of the Gu!;' April, 1863. near Mobile. No. 42— (^q) Deoartment - the Gulf. June 8. 1863, at Pascagoula ''^ Department o. Captain Goldsby's Company Mounted Infantry. No U^ A'l.tr^f'V^°'-'u'-*' Brigadier-General Asboth. rL; r???^^'^'^"''^^^^ Milton, Fla.: "Came up.r^ f ?i 5f. "-^^^sby with about 100 men. ' ' No 78-^814 1- ^86^ N0^"^'''V'?1T^"^ °^ theGulf, slpTel^btl": monoi;. Ai '"'•-^'.f') Mentioned by Col. S. Jones, D - Can • H ^'r ^r\"'^' 'n'^ ' ^'^' ^°^ ^°^"^^^ /^r,^ Pnl^•■c '^°'' ^ Company. Vol. XX, Part 2- Io^Ir^^ J . mP''/'T °^ Tennessee, about November 29- 1062, near Murfreesboro Houston's and Hubbard's Companies. Vol Vll-f,;- mL's'ltA^"' ?u'''^ Februarys. 1862, General T l^h- man s and Colonel Heiman's reports Captain Meador's Company. No. lo,— (104O Men- brgade. Apnl ,863, Perdido river. No. t-^ ,. iu^st" fs^.^"^ b"§:-de, department of L L^u'lf. ^o ^^Captain White's Company. Vol. XV-(S5o) At Mobile. q/- '1 CHAPTER VI. BATTERIES COMPOSED OF ALABAMA TROOPS— THEIR ORGANIZATION AND OFFICERS— RECORDS FROM THE OFFICIAL REPORTS. B BURNETT'S BATTERY. URNETT'S battery was engaged in Samuel Jones' corps, in Mississippi, in the spring and summer of 1861. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I — (7S7) In Samuel Jones' corps, Tupe'o, June 30, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (632) Same assignment. BURTWELL'S BATTERY. Burtwell's battery was engaged, under its captain, J. R. R. Burtwell, in General Jackson's brigade, in Mississippi, in the spring of 1862. EXTRACTS FRO.M OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 2 — (461, 549) In General Jackson's brigade, Corinth, April 28, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (764) Same brigade, Tupelo, August 20, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (633) Same brigade, Tupelo, June 30, 1862. FIRST BATTALION OF ARTILLERY. The First Alabama battalion of artillery" was recruited at Mobile, Montgomery and Selma, and was organized in February, 1861, at Fort Morgan. It was made part of the army of Mobile in the spring of 1862, and was ordered to report at Chattanooga in July. It served, consecutively, 1 .-) . : t. »f. , 1 ■ . . ■ i I. M I r • ' -'• -it-'i 810 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. _ Yirith the brigades of Generals Shoup, Higgins and Pai^'i-. and reached a very high plane of efSciency and discipline. It did gallant service at Forts Gaines, Powell and Mo:- gan. No more heroic defense was ever made than th •.! of this battalion at Fort Morgan. The detachment thcrs engaged, fought until their guns were knocked out (• position, losing 150 killed and wounded. The remainder was captured and the men sent to Elmira, N. Y., where one-half of them died of small-pox. The officers were sent to Fort Warren. The remnant of the battalion w.-.-, transferred to Choctaw Bluff, March, 1865, and surrep. dered with the army of Mobile. Lieutenant-Colonel For- syth was the first commander. He resigned, and was sue- ceeded by Lieut. -Col. James T. Gee, who was captured at Fort Morgan. Maj. J. M. Cary and Capts. F. S. FerR-.:- son, Lee Hammond, R. N. Campbell and J. W. Whitin.r were also captured there. Capts. Wm. B. Hughes an i N. J. Smith were wounded and captured at Fort Morgan EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI— (819) Army of Mobile, February i, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (659) Forsyth ordered to report ..• Chattanooga, July 26, 1862. No. 42 — (39) In Slaughter's brigade, Maury's arniv June 8, 1863. (131) In Powell's brigade, Maury's arm'v August ist. (157) At Fort Morgan and Grant's Pa>. August loth. (275) In Shoup's brigade, September 30;'::. Maj. J. T. Gee. (402) In Shoup's brigade, Xovemb.-r loth. (511, 562) In Higgins' brigade, December. No. 56— (630) Ordered to Meridian, November 4, iSuj. (729) General Maury asks for battery, November 21st. No. 58— (582) In Higgins' brigade, Januarv 20, 1864. No. 59_(86i) Under Lieut. -Col. R. C. Forsyth, Page> brigade, April 30, 1864. No. 77— (42S) At Fort Gaines, August 3, 1864. No. 78— (678, 752) Page's brigade, with General Maur>-, June to August, 1864. No. 84— (230) Mentioned by Col. Albert Myer, Julv. 1864, 400 men at Fort Morgan.' No. 103— (1045) Transferred to Choctaw Bluff, Marc-. '' t CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 311 lo, 1865. (1047) Detachment under Lieut. P. Lee Ham- mond, in army of Mobile. SECOND BATTALION OF ARTILLERY. Battery A of this battalion, under the command of Capt. Stephen Charpentier, served in the defenses of Mobile until the spring of 1863, when it was attached to General Featherstone's brigade, and afterward did service in Mississippi, known as Charpentier's battery. Battery C served in General Hebert's brigade and lost heavily at the siege of Vicksburg, where its captain, T. K. Emanuel, was killed. The remnant of the battery continued to serve under the command of Capt. John D. Haynie in the army of Mobile until the surrender. Battery E seems to have served continuously under the command of Capt. J. B. Hutchisson, at or near Mobile. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Battery A. No. 38 — (936) Featherstone's brigade. May 30, 1863, Jackson, Miss. (1041) Same assignment, July 30th. (1050) Mentioned by Maj. L. Hoxton, near Morton, Miss., August 8th. Battery C. No. 37— (326) Under Lieut. J. R. Sclater, in General Hebert's brigade, army of \'icksburg, July 4, 1863. (329) Capt. T. K. Emanuel killed at siege or Vicksburg. (369) Loss, 6 killed, 6 wounded, Vicksburg. (373) One wounded, June 25th. (37S) Seven killed, 8 wounded, Vicksburg siege. No. 38 — (1060) In Forney's division, August 29, 1863. No. 42 — (131) In General Canty's brigade, Maury's army, August i, 1863. (157) In Mobile, Ala., August loth. No. 103— (104S) In Glad- den's battery, army of Mobile, March 10, 1S65. Battery E. No. 42 — (39) In Slaughter's brigade, Maury's army, June 8, 1863. No. 103— (1048) In Glad- den's battery, army of Mobile, March 10, 1865. Charpentier's Battery. No. 53 — (515) Featherstone's brigade, Loring's division, army of Mississippi, August 20, 1863. No. 56-(757). No. S7-(332)- No. s^-Cs^o. 584). .\u. 59 — (604,659) Assignment as above, to March, 1S64. K^^'l) Assignment as above, April 30th, but reported as in li 812 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Myrick's battalion, Stevenson's division, April 24th. No. 74 — (S75) Mentioned in report of General Lorini,', near New Hope church, May 13, 1864. (994) Mentioned under Lieutenant Jenks, in report of Gen. G. J. Pill'jw. Oxford, Ala., June 30th. No. 75 — (656) Mentioned in Loring's division, about May i, 1S64. No. 78 — (791, 811, 887) With General Adams, central Alabama, Auyust and September, 1864. No. 79— {865) With Maj. H. C. Semple, October, 1864. (872) Effective total, 64, at Mobile. (876) In Burnett's command, Maury's army, November ist. No. 94— (633) With Major Semple, Maury's army, December i, 1S64. No. iot — (681) Men- tioned, 70 strong, at Mobile, January 30, 1865. No. 103— (942) Called Jenks' battery, 76 present, with Maj. Henry C. Semple, army of Mobile, March 29, 1865. (1014) Started to Selma, February 25th. No. 104 — (226) In Fuller's brigade, Wilcox county, Ala., April, 1865. (364) Jenks' battery, Montgomery, April, 1865. ALABAMA STATE ARTILLERY BATTALION. This battalion served at Mobile in Generals Fuller's and Higgins' brigades during the last few months of the war, and was sometimes called State Reserves. Battery C was commanded by Capt. John B. Todd, afterward by Lieut. R. H. Bush, and Battery D was commanded by Capt. Wm. M. Homer, formerly of Ketchum's battery. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Battery C. No. 59— (861) Fuller's brigade, Maury's army, Mobile, April 30, 1864. No. 78 — (632) Fuller's brigade. Gen. Stephen D. Lee's army, June ist. (67S) Higgins' brigade, June 30th. No. 79— (S76) Fuller's con;- mand, Maury's army, November ist. No. 93 — (1235) In Maury's command. Gen. Richard Taylor's army, Novem- ber 20th. No. 94 — (633) In Fuller's command, Maury's army, December ist. No. 103 — (1047) Called State Reserves, Lieut. R. H. Bush, Maury's army, March 10, 1865. No. 104— (207) Mentioned by Maj. A. M. Jackson, at Mobile. 55 present, April 3, 1865. (226) In"Fuller's division, Wilcox county, April 4th. Battery D. No. 59— (861) Fuller's brigade, Maury's army, Mobile, April 30, 1S64. No. 78— (632) Fuller'^ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 313 brigade, Gen. S. D. Lee's army, June ist. (678) With General Maur>', June 30th. No. 79 — (876) In Fuller's command, Maur>-'s army, November 1st. No. 93 — (1235) In Maury's command, Taylor's arm}', November 20th. No. 94 — (633) In Fuller's command, Maury's army, December ist. No. 103 — (1047) Called State Reserves; Maury's army, March 10, 1865. KETCHUM'S (GARRITY'S) BATTERY. Ketchum's battery was organized at Mobile in May, 1 86 1, and served for a short time at Pensacola. It was in Adams' brigade at Corinth, in March, 1861, and served in Gen. Preston Pond's brigade at Shiloh, where it lost seven men. Its captain was specially commended by the brigade commander at Shiloh, who says the safety of his whole command was due to Captain Ketchum. This bat- tery was with Chalmers' brigade. Withers' reserve corps, in the summer of 1863, and was engaged at Munfordville, Perryville, Wildcat gap, and Murfreesboro, where it lost twenty-seven men, killed and wounded. It was ordered to Deas' brigade in July, 1S63, and sent from Lookout Point to Gen. Patton Anderson, November, 1863. It fought at Chickamauga, Chattanooga and Missionary Ridge in Cheatham's corps, and sometimes with heavy loss. It was in Maury's artillery reserves in 1865, and fought at Spanish Fort, losing two men; finally surrendered at Meridian. Capt. Wm. H. Ketchum resigned and was suc- ceeded in January, 1S63, by Capt. James Garrity, who was wounded at Murfreesboro and Marietta. Lieut. Philip Bond, who commanded the battery in the summer of 1864, was killed at Jonesboro. Lieut. Maynard Hassell was killed near Atlanta. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I— (13) Mentioned by General Gladden, March 12, 1862. (382) In Preston Pond's brigade, army of Mississippi, April 6th and 7th. (468) Mentioned in 'icneral Bragg's report of Shiloh. (471-474) Mentioned ^" General Ruggles. (516-519) Highly commended in 314 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Colonel Pond's report: "Captain Ketchum exhibited throughout the whole a degree of skill and courage which mark him as an artillery officer of the highest merit; 13 fact, the safety of my command is due to him." (5231 Mentioned in Col. Marshall J. Smith's report. (5^5) Also in Colonel Looney's report. (527-531) Captain Ketchum's report. He commends in the highest term.s. Lieutenants Garrity, Bond and Carroll, and Corporal Ingalls, for gallantry, coolness and ability. (543) Men- tioned in Colonel Marrast's report. (7S8) In General Chal- mers' brigade, June 30th. (Sio) Commended in General Ruggles' report, Farmington, May gth. (829, 830) Com- mended highly in Col. J. F. Fagan's report of same. (831) Mentioned in Captain Hoxton's report. Vol. X, Part 2— (307) In Col. D. W. Adams' brigade, March 9, 1862, Corinth. (388) Mentioned by General Ruggles, April 28th. (461) In Ruggles' brigade, April 28th. (500) Mentioned by R. H. S. Thompson, May 6th. {549) In Ruggles' division, May 26th. Vol. XVI, Part i — (975-979) Mentioned in General Chalmers' report, September 12 to 17, 1863, Munford- | ville, Ky. (982, 983) Seven wounded, Munfordville. f report of Lieutenant Garrity. (985, 986) Mentioned in | White's and Finley's reports of Munfordville. |; Vol. XVI, Part 2— (764) In Chalmers' brigade, August % 20, 1862. (817) At Glasgow, Ky., September 12th. \ Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (633) Withers' reserve corps, June \ 30, 1862. I Vol. XX, Part 2 — (430, 431) Present, 115, November 29. | 1862, reserve division, Polk's army. f Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735, 843) In Withers' division; 1 present, loi. May 19, 1863. (907) Ordered to report to "| General Deas, July 12th, from Chattanooga. (942, 95^' In Deas' brigade, to August loth. \ No. 50 — (229) In Hindman's division, Chattanooga, | Tenn., October 7, 1863. I No. 51 — (305) Mentioned in General Hindman's report | of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863. (307) Five | wounded, Chickamauga. (315) Mentioned by Patton | Anderson. (329) Captain Garrity's report of Chicka- | mauga. (351) Mentioned in Slaughter's report of Chicka- | mauga. I No. 55 — (675, 677) Ordered to report from Lookout Point ■ to General Anderson, November 23, 1863. (725, 72S) j CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 315 Mentioned in reports of Gen. John C. Brown and Capt. M. Van Den Corput, Lookout Mountain, November 24, 1863. No. 56 — (620, 808, 827, 886) In Hindman's division, 90 present, December 14, 1863. No. 58 — (589) In Hindman's division, January 20, 1864. (821) In Hood's corps, February 29th. No. 59 — (687) Organized, March 4, 1861; present for duty, March 29, 1864, 94. (698-700) Service of officers. Garrity made captain, January i, 1863; engaged in the following battles: Shiloh, Farmington, Munfordville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge. (731) Effective, 95, Dalton, April i, 1864. No. 74 — (643, et seq.) Hood's corps, Johnston's army, Atlanta campaign; July loth, Lieut. Philip Bond com- manding batter}-. No. 79— (896) Mentioned by Col. R. F. Beckham, November 7, 1864. No. 93 — (668) Lee's corps. Hood's army, December 10, 1864. (692) Mentioned in report of Col. L. Hoxton. No. 103 — (1047) Artillery reserves. General Maury's army, March 10, 1865. No. 104 — (226) Mentioned as in Fuller's division, April 4th. JEFF DAVIS BATTERY. The Jeff Davis battery, organized at Selma in May, i86i, was soon sent to Virginia, where it fought in Early's brigade at Manassas and at the battle of Seven Pines, losing 3 men at the latter place. In Hill's division, dur- ing the Seven Days' battles, it lost 3 killed and 14 wounded; at Cold Harbor, 3 killed and 10 wounded; at Gaines' Mill, 3 killed and 14 wounded. It also fought at Mechanicsville and many other points in Virginia, and was at South Mountain, Fredericksburg and Orange Court House. It took part in the terrible battle of Gettysburg. Serving, consecutively, in Long's and Page's brigades, it was in northern Virginia during the spring and summer of 1864, at Cedar Creek in October, 1864, and at Fort Clif- ton in March, 1865. It was almost continuously engaged. Its first captain was J. T. Montgomery, who was succeeded ^y J- W. Bondurant, and later it was commanded by 816 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. W. J. Reese. The latter was in command during and after the battle of Gettysburg. These officers were all distinguished for their skill and gallantry. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. V — (1029) In Van Dorn's division, army of the Potomac, January 14, 1862. Vol. XI, Part I — (943) In battle Seven Pines, May 31, 1862. (961, 966) ^Ientioned by General Garland, who says, Bondurant delivered a telling fire with his six pieces. (967) One killed and two wounded at Seven Pines. Vol. XI, Part 2 — (485) In Hill's division, in Seven Days' fight about Richmond. (511) Mentioned by Captain Webb as in Garland's brigade. (623) Gen. D. H. Hill reports that Bondurant's battery drove Yankee artillery off the field, June 26, 1862. (624) Mentioned by Gen. D. H. Hill, June 27th. (626) General Hill says battery en- gaged at Mechanicsville and Cold Harbor; at the latter place had 3 killed and lo wounded. (640, 645) Com- mended by General Garland at Gaines' Mill, June 27th, where they lost 3 killed and 14 wounded. (652) Maj. H. P. Jones says battery was actively engaged with battery of enemy, June 27th. Vol. XI, Part 3 — (482, 532) In Early's brigade, April 30, 1862, 80 present. (615) Called Hardaway's, army before Richmond; 1 10 present, June 23d. (650) In D. H. Hill's division, July 23d. (690) Mentioned by Pierson, chief of artillery. Vol. XIX, Part i— (809) In D. H. Hill's division, Novembers, 1S62. (836) Two 3-inch and two 12-pound howitzers. (1020-1024) Mentioned, Hill's report of Mary- land campaign, September 14 to 17, 1S62. (1040) ^len- tioned by Col. D. K. McRae, South ilountain. Vol. XIX, Part 2 — (652) General Pendleton's report, October 2, 1862, Captain Bondurant (Jeff Davis artillery), an admirable batter^' that has rendered eminent service, but he is its life ; is now absent — sick. Vol. XXI— (541, 1073) In D. H. Hill's division. (561) One killed and 3 wounded, battle of Fredericksburg. No. 39 — (1000) Mentioned by Col. T. M. Carter, May 2 and 3, 1864. (1044) Mentioned by Col. H. P. Jones, Orange Court House. No. 40 — (619) Proposed for army of Northern Virginia, 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 317 Bondurant's battery, 4 guns, February, 1863. (626, 655, 729) Carter's battalion, Second corps. (637) Report of Lieut. E. P. Dandridge, February 20th, 83 present for duty. No. 44— (287, 342) With O'Neal's brigade, Capt. W. J. Reese, Gettysburg, July ist to 3d. (545, 603) Mentioned at battle of Gettysburg. No. 48 — (418) Mentioned as Reese's battery, in A. L. Long's report of fight at Bealeton. October 36, 1863, two men wounded. (423) Mentioned as Reese's battery by Col. Thomas Carter, commanding battalion, October 26th. (821) In General Long's division, army of Northern Vir- ginia, October 31st. Nos. 49, 60, 67, 88, 89 — Army Northern Virginia; Young's brigade, December 31, 1863; Long's brigade. May, 1864; Page's battalion, February 28, i86s. No. 90— (567) With Gen. J. A. Early, Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864. No. 96 — (12S4) Present total, 87, Fort Clifton, March 6, 1865. HARDAWAY'S BATTERY. Hardaway's battery was recruited and armed by its first ;o. 40 — (619, 626, 637, 656) Assignments in army of Northern Virginia. (729) In Mcintosh's battalion, April 16, 1863. No. 44— (290, 345) At Gettysburg, July ist to 3d, in reserve artillery. (353) Mentioned in W. N. Pendleton's rejwrt. (674, 676) Mentioned in Maj. D. G. Mcintosh's report No. 48 — (437, 438) Lieutenant Crenshaw commanding; mentioned in D. G. Mcintosh's report of engagement at Bristoe Station, October 14, 1863. No. 60 — (1269) Present for duty, 94 men, April 9, 1864, Camp Taylor. No. 67 — (1038) Mentioned in report of General Pendle- ton. No. 87 — (858) Mentioned by same, operations of July 24, 1864. No. 89 — (135s) Mcintosh's battalion, January 2, 1865, on or near James river. \. No. 95— (1273) Lieut. Geo. A. Ferrell, Lee's army, I: Appomattox. WATERS' BATTERY. I Waters' battery was organized in Mobile in 1861, and I was there, 129 strong, early in 1862. It was in Corinth ^ in the spring of 1S62. In Manigault's brigade, Bragg's y ^fmy, it went through the Kentucky campaign, and was c:-.;^^agcd at Perry ville, Munfordville, Murfreesboro, I Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge. Here halt its force was captured, and the remnant was distributed in Cobb's \ Kentucky and Mayberry's Tennessee batteries. Its cap- tain was David D. Waters. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI— (868) In Mobile. March, 1862, 129 present. Vol. X. Part 1 — (789) In Manigault's brigade, Tupelo, June 30, 1862. .- •< :,A 320 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Vol. X, Part 2 — (461, 549) In Trapier's brigade, Bragg's army, April to May, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 'i— (983) Battle at Munfordville, Sep- tember 16, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (764) Capt. David D. Waters, in Manigault's brigade, August, 1862. Vol. XX, Part 2 — (430-432) Present, 106, at or near Murfreesboro, November 29, 1862, under Lieut. C. W. Watkins, in Manigault's brigade. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (735) Capt. D. D. Waters, in Man- igault's brigade, April to August, 1863. (843) Present, 104, May 19th. No. 51 — (15) Lieut. C. W. Watkins, in Hindman's divi- sion, September 19 and 20, 1863. (307) Mentioned, at Chickamauga. (342) Mentioned in report of A. M Manigault. (349) Mentioned in report of Colonel Reid. (356) Mentioned in report of Lieut. Geo. E. Turner. No. 55 — (659) Lieut. W. P. Hamilton, in Hindman's division, November 20, 1863. No. 56 — (620) In Cheatham's corps, with Bragg'sarmy, October 31, 1S63. (790) Ordered to report at Atlanta, December 6th. (832) Reported at Atlanta, to Colonel Wright, December 15th. No. 59 — (703) Some of this battery and fragments of others consolidated in Cobb's, Januarj', 1864. GAGE'S BATTERY. Gage's battery was organized at Mobile in October, 1861, and remained under the command of Capt. Chas. P. Gage in the defenses of the city until the following spring. Sent north, it suffered severely at Shiloh, where its conduct was highly commended by Generals Withers and Chalmers. It then returned to Mobile, and was used in the defenses until the fall of the city. Lieuts. James Hill and James T. Hutchisson were promoted, and com- manded the battery at different times. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part I— (383) In General Chalmers' brigade. Shiloh. (532) General Withers in his report of Shilriii says: "With such batteries, however, as Robertson's, li ^1 <4: 10 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 321 Girardey's and Gage's, there could be no failure. " (549, S5'. 552) Commended by Gen. James R. Chalmers; bat- tery suffered severely and did manful service, July 6th. Vol. X, Part 2 — (307) In Colonel Mouton's brigade, March 9, 1862. WADDELL'S BATTERY. Waddell's battery was organized in February, 1862, by taking six men from each company of the Sixth Alabama. It was placed in Tracy's brigade and sent to east Ten- nessee, and took part in the Kentucky campaign. It did gallant service at Baker's Creek, where it was badly cut up. In 1863 it went with Stevenson's division to Missis- sippi, and was in the siege of Vicksburg, where it was almost entirely lost; the remnant was divided into Emery's and Bellamy's batteries. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (984) In Tracy's brigade, October 31. 1862. Vol. XX, Part 2— (413) In Tracy's brigade, November JO, 1862, east Tennessee. No. 36 — (318) Mentioned for gallant conduct at Baker's Creek. (640) Mentioned at Fort Gibson; four pieces captured. No. 37 — (63) Mentioned in Col. D. B. Hill's report of Champion's hill. (95, 96) Mentioned by General Steven- son at Baker's Creek, May 16, 1863. Stevenson saj-s: "Captain Waddell fought one of the guns with his own hands." (99) Loss, 9 killed, 10 wounded, at Baker's Creek. (loi) Mentioned by Gen. S. D. Lee, at Baker's Creek, (105) by Gen. A. Cumming, (no, in) by Gen. F. M. C<5ckrell, who reports Waddell as a gallant, fearless officer. (326) In Gen. S. D. Lee's brigade, Vicksburg, July 4, ^^^i- (328) Loss, 9 killed, 30 wounded, at the siege. (350) Mentioned in Gen. Stephen D. Lee's report. (352) "Waddell was gallant and vigilant." (375) Mentioned hy General Hebert. No. 38 — (612) In Tracy's brigade, January 31, 1863. f';>i3) Ordered to Vicksburg. (703) In Stevenson's division, April 20th. (1059) Same assigr.ment, August 30th. II 322 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 57 — (484) Battalion Twenty, Alabama artillery. under Major Waddell, ordered to report to General Stevenson, near Dalton, February 25, 1864. No. 59 — (708) Waddell's battalion of artillery. Divided into Waddell's and Emery's batteries, 1863. Served in Kentucky campaign, and in Mississippi previous to siege of Vicksburg. TWENTIETH BATTALION OF ARTILLERY. After the surrender of Vicksburg, the remnant of Waddell's battery was reorganized into three batteries, under the command of Capt. Winslow D. Emery, Battery A; Capt. Richard H. Bellamy, Battery B, and Capt. T. J, Key, Battery C; and ordered, under the command of Major Waddell, to report to General Stevenson, near Dalton, February, 1864. It served in the army of Ten- nessee during the remainder of the war, generally in the reserve artillery, and was at Macon, Ga. , in the fall of 1864. Captain Emery was wounded at Vicksburg. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Batter}' A. No. 55 — (662) Capt. Winslow D. Emery, in General Stevenson's division, November 20, 1863. No. 57 — (4S4) Battalion under Major Waddell ordereu to report to General Stevenson, near Dalton, February 25, 1864. No. 58 — (821) In reserve artillery, army of Tennessee, February 29, 1864. No. 59 — (687) Organized May, 1861; Johnston's army, 84 present, March 29, 1864. (70S) Served in Kentucky campaign, and in Mississippi previous to siepfe of Vicksburg. (709) Hallonquist's report. (731) Sixty-two effective, April i, 1864. (87;) Reserve artillery, Johnston's army, April 30th. No. 74 — (644-675) Reserve artillery, army of Tennessee, April to August, 1864. No. 78 — (858) Hood's army, September 20, 1864, at Macon, Ga. Battery B. No. 55— (662) Capt. Richard H. Bellamy, in General Stevenson's division, November 20, 1863. Nos. 57 and 58— As above. No. 59— (687) Organized, May, 1861. (708) Surrendered at Vicksburg with Emery's, as Waddell's battalion, (yco) Bellamy's battery, total ell <-c- tive, 68, Hallonquist's report. (721) Effective, 65, Apni CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 323 I, 1864, Dalton, Ga. (872) Artillery reserve in Johnston's armv, April 30th. No. 74 — (644-675) In artillery reserve, ..rmy of Tennessee, April to August, 1864. (901) Com- mended by Gen. S. G. French, Kenesaw mountain, June .--th. (968) Mentioned by Maj. George Storrs, same luttle. No. 78 — (858) Hood's army, September 20, 1864, ;it Macon, Ga. Hattery C. No. 55— (662) Capt. T. J. Key, in General Stevenson's division, November 20, 1864. No. 57 — (484) J. F. Waddell ordered to report to General Stevenson, near Dalton, February 25tli. GID NELSON BATTERY. The Gid Nelson battery, also called Selden's and Lovelace's, was organized at Uniontown in the spring of 1S62 ; was in Slaughter's, and afterward Cantey's, brigade, army of Mobile, during the summer of 1863. In Janu- ary, 1864, it was at Jackson, Miss., commanded by Cap- tain Selden. It was transferred to Walthall's division, army of Tennessee, and in June, 1864, was commanded by Lieut. Chas. W. Lovelace. It was in a fight near Kenesaw Mountain, June, 1864, and at Peachtree Creek in July. Here Lieutenant Lovelace was wounded, but n-mained at his guns until his ammunition was exhausted. •Major Preston, chief of artillery, was killed while per- sonally supervising this batter^' at Peachtree Creek. The hattery was complimented on the field by General Rey- nolds. It fought with considerable loss at Jonesboro in August, and in October gained great distinction by the T'-nluction of the blockhouse at Tilton, near Dalton, where 300 Union prisoners were taken. It fought at N'ashville, losing heavily in guns and men; here Lieu- ti'nant Lovelace was captured. The battery was trans- ferred to Mobile and commanded by Capt. W. M. Selden 'n March, 1865; it finally surrendered at Meridian. It was called, successively, by the names of its captains. EXTF.\CTS FROM OKFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42 — (39) In Slaughter's brigade, June 8, 1863. 324 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. (131) In Cantey's brigade, battery commanded by Lieut W. M. Selden, Mobile, August ist. (157) In Canu-y'- brigade, Mobile, August loth; one section, called Scl- den's, at Pollard. No. 58 — (547, 54S) Called Selden's, in department of Gulf; headquarters, Jackson, Miss., January 11, 1S64. (582) Mentioned among troops in department of Gulf. No. 74 — (646) In Cantey's division, army of Mississijjpi June 10, 1864. {653) Lieut. Charles W. Lovelace, \V'al thall's division, army of Tennessee, June and July (667, 675) In Preston's battalion, Stewart's corps, siege or Atlanta. (873) Mentioned in report of Capt. Chas. Vaii- derford. (917) Mentioned in report of General Cockrcll. (926) General Walthall, in his report of the battle of Peachtree Creek, July 20th, says: "Selden's batter,-, under the immediate command of Lieutenant Lovelace, was gotten into an advantageous position, where it wa.. so skillfully and rapidly served, that the flanking force was soon driven off in confusion." (938) Gen. U. H. Reynolds in his report of same fight, Peachtree Creek, says: "Major Preston promptly put Selden's battery- (commanded by Lieutenant Lovelace) into position, anil opened on the enemy with telling effect. The battery, under the immediate supervision of Major Preston and Lieutenant Lovelace, did noble service, and I regret tn state that Major Preston was killed and Lieutenant Lovelace wounded; yet, although wounded, Lieutenan: Lovelace kept his battery in position until it had fired its last round of ammunition." (967) Relieved by Barry'-* battery, 4 p. m., July 20th. (969) Report of Lieut. Chas. Lovelace on battle of Peachtree Creek. (979-981) Men- tioned in journal of army of Tennessee. No. 75 — (771) Mentioned by Adjutant-General "West, near Kenesaw mountain, June 12th. No. 77 — (Si 2) Gen. A. P. Stewart says that Selden's battery reduced the blockhou.se at Tilton, near Dalton, where 300 men were captured, October 13, 1864. No. 78 — (858) Stewart's corps, Hood's army, Nash\nlle campaign. No. 103 — (1047) Commanded by Lieut. Wm. M. Selden at Mobile, March 10, 1865. EUFAULA BATTERY. The Eufaula battery was organized in February, iSCj, li CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 325 under the command of Capt. John W. Clark; commenced a brilliant career in Stevenson's brigade, and served, suc- ti-ssively, in Rains', Vance's and Bate's brigades. It fiiught with the army of Tennessee at Tazewell, ]Mur- freesboro, Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge. It opened and closed the battle of Chickamauga, where it lost six men. It also lost heavily at Missionarj- Ridge. It was commended for gallant service in the Atlanta campaign, and in 1865 it was transferred to Mobile, where it assisted in the defense of the city. Capt. McDonald Oliver, who commanded the battery most gallantly during the greater part of the war, was killed near Atlanta. Lieutenant McKenzie and Lieut. W. W. Woods were also distinguished by their able com- mand of this battery at different times. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 2— (409) Mentioned by E. Kirby Smith. April 10, 1862. (573) In General Stevenson's brigade, with General Smith, Mav 31st. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (698) At Knoxville, June 22, 1862. '715) Under Lieutenant McTyer, Stevenson's brigade, 'len. Kirby Smith, June 30th. (984) In Rains' brigade, (ien. Kirbv Smith, October 31st. Vol. XX', Part 2— (413) Under Capt. \V. A. McTyer, in General Rains' brigade, east Tennessee, November 20, 1862. (492) January 10, 1863, present for duty, 138 men. Vol. XXIII, Part i — (603-606, 6io) Mentioned in Gen. Hushrod R. Johnson's report, Hoover's Gap, and move- 'ncnts to vicinity of Chattanooira. (614) Mentioned and commended by Gen. Wm. B. Bate m his report of the battle of Hoover's Gap, June 24, 1863; two men killed. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (623-654) Return, 131 to 136 men, Shelbj^ville, Tenn., January to Februarv-, 1863. (655) In Vance's brigade, McCown's division, February' iSth. (735) Bate's brigade, April ist. (943) Bate's brigade, July. _ No. 50 — (231) In Bate's brigade, Stewart's division, Chattanooga, October 7. 1865. Xo. 31— (16) Under Capt. McDonald Oliver. Stewart's division, at Chickamauga. (361-366) Mentioned in report 326 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. of Gen. A. P. Stewart. (383-386) Mentioned in report of Gen. William Bate, who says: "I claim for this battcrv the honor of opening on Friday evening, and closing on Sunday evening, the battle of Chickamauga." (3SS) Tw'i men killed, September iSth; 4 killed, September 19th, at Chickamauga. (394) Mentioned in report of Lieut. Joel Towers. {397) Mentioned in report of Lieut. -Col. R. Dudley Frayser. (399, 400) Report of Lieut. \V. J McKenzie. (535) Private John C. Carroll on roll of honor, battle of Chickamauga. No. 55 — (661) In Stewart's division, November 30, 1863. No. 56 — (620) Commanded by Lieut. Wm. J. McKen- zie, Breckinridge's corps, army of Tennessee, October 31, 1863. {SoS-827, 8S7) Commanded by McDonald Oliver, Stewart's division, December. No. 58 — (590, 821) In Stewart's division. Hood's corps, army of Tennessee, Februarj^ 29, 1864. No. 59 — (6S7) Under Oliver, 117 present, March 29. ' 1864. (700-702) Active service since May, 1862, in bat- |; ties of "Tazewell, ^lurfreesboro, Hoover's Gap, Chicka- \\ mauga, Missionary Ridge; 5 killed. (731) Effective, 102 m present for duty, April i, 1S64. ' i No. 74 — (643, et seq. ) In Hood's corps, during Atlanta ' campaign. (667) Lender Lieutenant McKenzie, in Lee's '! corps. Hood's army, July 31st. (3i8) Conduct near New Hope church, May 25th, commended by Gen. A. P. Stewart. ' ' | No. 103 — (1047) Under Lieut. Wm. W. Woods, Maury's i army, Mobile, March 10, 1865. I SENGSTAK'S BATTERY. \ \ Sengstak's battery, Capt. H. H. Sengstak, was organ- ized at Mobile, December, i86i. It remained there, and at Columbus, Miss., until September, 1862. It served the greater part of the war in Maury's division, fought at Corinth, where it was specially commended by the division commander, and at the Hatchie. It wintered in northern Mississippi, and was in the siege of Vicksburg, where it lost heavily and was captured. When exchanged, the men were assigned to Barrett's Ixittery, army of Ten- nessee. They were constantly engaged in the Dal ton- r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 327 Atlanta campaign in the battalion commanded by Major Waddell. It was transferred to the south, took part in the battle of Girard, where all its guns and most of the men were captured. Lieut. A. P. St. John was for a time in command; Lieut. Stanley H. Bell was wounded at Vicksburg. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVII, Part i — (375) In General Maury's division, battle of Corinth, October, 1862. (383) Lost i killed. ! 385-388) Mentioned in General Price's report of battle. 394. 395) Commended in General Maury's report. No. 36 — (467) Under Lieut. A. P. St. John, at Deer creek, March 25, 1863. No. 37 — (327) In General Moore's bri- gade, July 4, 1863, Vicksburg. (369) Four killed and 7 wounded, Vicksburg siege. (381) Mentioned by General Moore. No. 38 — (613) In Maury's brigade, district of Louisiana, January 31, 1863. (704) In Maury's division, April 17th, Snvder's Bluff. (725) Mentioned by Col. E. W. Pettus, April 8th. (871, 872) Mentioned by Gen. J. H. Forney, Vicksburg, May 13th. (1060) In Gen- eral Forney's division, Demopolis, March 14, 1864. No. 55 — (663) Assigned to reserve artillery, November f «9, 1863. FOWLER'S (PHELAN'S) BATTERY. Fowler's battery, Capt. W. H. Fowler, was organized ; in Tuscaloosa in January, 1862, and was composed of I men who had served in Virginia as a company in the regiment recruited by R. E. Rodes. It was the first organization to re-enlist "for the war," and after serving at Mobile one year, joined the army at Tullahoma as part of Walthall's brigade. It fought at Chickamauga, where it suffered severely, and was highly commended for gal- lantry. It also lost heavily at Missionary Ridge; moved with Hood into Tennessee, and was engaged at Franklin and at Nashville, losing at the latter place, 8 killed and wounded. It was then stationed at Mobile, where it remained till I. laLrr J m: 328 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. the close of the war, when it was surrendered with 1 30 men. It was commanded at times by Capt. John Phelan and Lieut. N. Venable, and at Mobile, in March, 1S65, was in Gee's battalion. Captain Phelan, who had ser\-ed since May, 1861, was wounded, and Lieut. Wm. Dailey was killed, at Resaca. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (942, 959) In Walthall's brigade, Bragg's army, July and August, 1863. No. 41— (497) Mentioned by R. B. Irwin (Union), at Mobile, April 15, 1S63. No. 50 — ( 231 ) In Walthall's brigade, Chattanooga, October 7, 1S63. No. 51 — (14) In Liddell's division, Chickamauga, Sep- tember 19 and 20, 1863. (255-257) Mentioned by Captain Swett, chief of artiller}'. (271) Mentioned, Chickamau.i^a. (272-274) Mentioned in General Walthall's report. (2761 Officers and men commended by General Walthall for "coolness, daring and persistence throughout all the engagements." (2S6) Commended in Captain Fowler's report. (287) Loss, 6 killed, 17 wounded. No. 56 — (620) In Cheatham's corps, Bragg's army, October 31, 1863. (807) Commanded by Lieut. John Phelan, December loth. (S26) Total present, 126, Decem- ber 14th. (884) In Cheatham's division, December 31st. No. 59— (687) Organized May i, 1861. (693-695) Lost 7 men at Chickamauga. Raised in Alabama, by Capt. R. E. Rodes, as infantry, served since April, 1S62. Present, Alarch, 1864, 116.' (731) Etiective, 95, April i. 1864, army of Tennos-^ee. No. 74— (643, et seq.) In Hardee's corps, Johnston's army, Atlanta campaign, Capt. John Phelan command- ing, April 30th. No. 93 — ( 669 ) In Cheatham's corps. Hood's army, December 10, 1864. No. 103 — (1047) In Gee's battalion. Mobile, March 10, 1865. MONTGOMERY TRUE BLUES BATTERY. The Montgomery True Blues battery, Capt. W. G. Andrews, was organized at Norfolk in January, 1S63, CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 329 and was composed of men from Montgomery, most of whom had served in a campaign in the Third Alabama infantry. They were sent to North Carolina and did ^;arrison duty on the coast. They assisted in the capture of Plymouth, and blew up Fort Branch. When the Confederate line at Petersburg was broken, they tried to rejoin General Johnston's army and were disbanded at Ridgeway, April, 1865. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVIII — (190, 191) Under Lieut. Jas. E. Davis, at Kinston, March 8, 1863. No. 45 — (947) Mentioned, Hill's army. (1068) In Saunders' battalion. No. 49 — (692) In Saunders' battalion, Kinston, August 31, 1S63. (851) Fifty-nine present. General Pickett's troops, November 3;th. (906) In General Pickett's arUllery, near Kinston, December 31st. No. 60— (120 1) Effective total, 56, Feb- ruary, 1864, department of North Carolina. No. 69 — (892) Johnston's division, Beauregard's army, Jime lo, 1864. N'o. 81 — (648, 693) Mentioned in Beauregard's orders, June, 1863. No. 88— (1226) Under Capt. Edgar G. Lee, ■It Plymouth, N. C., September i, 1864. No." 89— (1322) Called Lee's, in Moseley's battalion. No. 96 — (1187) At l-'ort Branch, Bragg's army, January 31, 1865. No. 99 — (1069, 115s) General Hoke's troops, February 10, 1865. LUMSDEN'S BATTERY. Lumsden's battery, Capt. C. L. Lumsden, was organ- i.'i.-d at Tuscaloosa, and reported at Mobile, November, ''^<>i. After the battle of Shiloh, it relieved Gage's bat- tery at Tupelo. It was in the battle of Corinth, in the Kentucky, Tennessee and North Georgia campaigns, and lost heavily in the battles of Farmington, Perryville, Murfreesboro and Kenesaw Mountain. From Dalton to Atlanta it lost 5 men, and at Nashville lost 28 men. As it was during the greater part of the war in the reserve • '■•'■'.cry, it saw extremely hard service, being continually -1 demand. It was in the army of Mobile during the 330 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. siege of Spanish Fort. At the end of the war it w.i-, transferred to Mississippi, where it surrendered. Lieut. G. H. Hargrove was wounded at Nashvi.'..- Lieuts. A. C. Hargrove and John A. Caldwell were wounded at Spanish Fort. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. X, Part 2 — (461, 549) In Chalmers' brigade, Cor- inth, April and Mav, i86i. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (632) In General Walker's brigade. Tupelo, June 30, 1862. Vol. XX, Part 2- — (448) In reserve artillery, Murfrees- boro, December 12, 1862. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (862) Mentioned by General Har- dee, Beechwood, June 5, 1863. (944, 961) Artillery reserve, army of Tennessee, July and August, 1863. No. 51 — (292) Loss, I killed, i wounded, battle c. Chickamauga, September 18 to 20, 1863. (459) Mt--n- tioned in B. R. Johnson's report, (493) Mentioned 1:1 Lieut. Wm. S. Everett's report. No. 56 — (620, 827, 888) In artillery reserve, army of Tennessee, October to December, 1863, 109 present. No. 58 — (591, 821) In artillery reserve, army of Ten- nessee, 1864. No. 59 — (70S) Service: At battle of Corinth, Miss., in \ Kentucky campaign; in campaign of Middle Tennessee | and North Georgia. Lost men and horses at Farming- | ton. May, 1862; at Perryville in October, 1862, and U^st I horses at Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862. (709) In | reserve artillery, 117 present, March 12, 1864. (73 'i i Ninety-four present, April ist. ' No. 74 — (644, etseq.) In reserve artillery, Johnston's army, Atlanta campaign. (901) Commended by Gen. S. G. French, Kencsaw Mountain, June 27, 1864. (96s) Mentioned by Maj. Geo. S. Storrs, same battle. i No. 78— (858) At Macon, Ga., July 31, 1864. No. 93— (668) Stewart's corps. Hood's army, December 10, 1864 | (722) Mentioned in Gen. E. C. Walthall's report, Decern- | ber I St. I No. 103 — (1047) At Mobile, in Maury's army, March 10, ? 1865. No. 104 — (119s) Mentioned by General Gibsdn. • Mobile, April 3d. j; CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 331 SEMPLE'S BATTERY. Semple's battery was organized in Montgomery, March, 1862. It was ordered first to Mobile and afterward to the army of Tennessee, and was brigaded under Lowrey, Deshler, Woods, and in Cleburne's and Cheatham's corps. It was for a time in Hotchkiss' battalion. It marched into Kentucky and fought at Perryvnlle, Murfreesboro, Dug Gap, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Ringgold, and lost heavily at Resaca, Atlanta and Jonesboro. It opened the battle of Franklin, and lost slightly there and at Nashville. It was then ordered to North Carolina, and surrendered at Augusta, Ga. Capt. Henry C. Semple was early promoted, and was succeeded in command by Lieut. R. W. Goldthwaite, a very skillful officer. Capt. J. Pollard was killed at Mur- freesboro; Lieut. E. G. McClellan was killed, and Lieut. Chas. Dowd was wounded, at Resaca. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI— (868) One hundred and nineteen present army of Mobile, March 2, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part i — (11 20) Commended in General Har- dee's report of Perryville, October S, 1862. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (1003) At Shelbyville, April 10, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2— (659) Ordered from Mobile to Chat tanooga, July 26, 1862. Vol. XX, Part 2— (499) Mentioned in general orders, ^"^. 7, TuUahoma, Janiiarv 17, 1S6-;. Vol. XXIII, Part i— (587) Mentioned by General Cle hurnc, at Liberty Gap, June 25, 1863. (59S) Mentioned '>>■ J. H. Kelly as under command of Lieut. R. W. Gold thwaite at Liberty Gap. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (942) In Col. M. P. Lowrey's bri Rade (Wood's), July 31, 1S63. (959) In Cleburne's divi ■sion, August loth. No. 5i_(j3) In Deshler's brigade, Chickamauga, Sep tcmber, 1863. (139, 140-143) Mentioned by Gen. D. H Hill. Speaking of action of September nth: "Semple's magnificent battery was ordered up, and in a short time I » . » 4« 332 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. silenced the Yankee fire, with heavy loss, and the Yank-,- rout was complete." (145) Commended by General ("' bume. (154-156-158) ^Mentioned in report of Gen. I', i; Cleburne, who says Captain Semple rendered invaliu;; '■ service and exhibited the hijjhest gallantry, running' i. pieces within 60 yards of the enemy, and was al/.y sustained by Lieutenant Goldthwaite, of Semple's battery He also commends Semple's "skill and judgment as act- ing chief of artillery." (162) Gen. S. A. M. Wood says in his report: "Semple's battery (attached to my bri- gade) was not under my control during this action, 1. however, saw it placed in position by the chief of art;; lery, and its fire was of the greatest service in routing li; enemy and silencing his batteries" Ten wounded. (167-196) Mentioned in reports of Chickamauga, by CcI. Sam Adams, Col. E. B. Breedlove, Col. M. P. Lowrev. Lieut. R. W. Goldthwaite, Gen. L. E. Polk, Col. R. Two killed at Perryville, 4 at Murfreesboro, 2 --■' Chickamauga, i at Ringgold Gap. (731) Eighty-tw" present, April ist. (871) In Hotchkiss' battalion, arni>' of Tennessee, April 30th. No. 42 — (240) Mentioned by General Clanton, July ^o. 1863. No. 74 — (643, et seq.) In Hardee's corps, Johnston'^ army, Atlanta campaign. (744, 745) Mentioned by Geti- eral Granbury, August 31st and September ist. (9'-'"' Mentioned in rcp<.rt of Capt. Thomas Key, 2 nioii wounded, July 2 2d. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 333 No. 93 — (669) In Cheatham's corps, Hood's army, December 10, 1864. KOLB'S BATTERY. Kolb's battery, Capt. R. F. Kolb, was originally organ- ized at Eufaula as"Barbour's light artillery, " April, 1862, 3^5 strong, under Maj. W. N. Reeves. It was attached to Hilliard's legion, with the exception of one company, which was eqaipped as artillery and commanded by Capt. R. F. Kolb. It served for some time in east Tennessee, and was at Big Creek gap and Bell's bridge in the spring and summer of 1863. It was with the army of Tennessee and took part in the battles of Knoxville, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary Ridge, the Dalton-Atlanta cam- paign, and subsequent movements in Tennessee. It sur- rendered at Augusta, Ga. During the war it lost about 70 killed and wounded, and 45 died of disease. Lieuten- ants Powers and Cherry commanded the battery at times. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. XVI, Part 2— (9S4) In Bradford's brigade, Octo- ber 31, 1862, east Tennessee. Vol. XX, Part 2 — (414) In Colonel Bradford's brigade (Heth's division), November 20, 1862. (466) Mentioned in Heth's brigade. Big Creek gap, December 27th. Vol. XXIII, Part 2— (644, 711, 792) In Palmer's bri- ^,'adc. Big Creek gap and Clinton, February to April. i'5''j3. (946) In Frazer's brigade, July 31st, Bell's bridge, 'vi"^) Ordered to report at Knoxville, August 3d. No. 51 — (17) In Buckner's corps, Chickamauga, Sep- tember, 1863. (449, 450) Mentioned in Major Williams' report, Chickamauga, 2 killed, i wounded. ^°- 55 — (660) In Buckner's division, November 20, ^^^Z- {707, 708) General Wright, in report of Missionaiy H^idge, says: "Captain Kolb's guns were served with great coolness and signal gallantry, for which he is entitled to my thanks and the commendations of the >.rnintr>-. " (716) Report of Capt. R. F. Kolb. No. 56 — (6jo, S2S, .'^.ss) Kolb's battery, present 102, I->t-i.embcr, 186-?, in artillerv reserve. 334 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 57— (478) Mentioned in report of A. P. Stewan, February 24, 1864, army of Tennessee. No. 58 — (591, 617, S21) Mentioned in report of Gen R. B. Johnson, January 26, 1S64. No. 59 — {6S7, 708, 709) Organized, April, 1862. Pres- ent for duty, 115, March 29, 1864. Lost men and horses at Chickamauga. Total effective, 100, Hallonquist's report. (731) Effective, 96, April ist. (872) Artillery reserve, Johnston's army, April 30th. No. 74 — (644, et seq.) In artillery reserve, Atlanta cam- paigTi. (667) Lieut. P. F. Powers, Lee's corps, July. (674) Lieut. Robt. Cherry, Lee's corps, August. No. 77 — (817) Mentioned in S. G. French's report of battle of Allatoona, October 4, 1864. No. 78 — (858) Hood's army, September 20, 1864, at Macon, Ga. No. 93 — (668) Stewart's corps, Hood's army, December 10, 1864. TARRANT'S BATTERY. Tarrant's battery was organized by General Clanton in June, 1863, and after remaining at Pollard several months, | joined the army of Tennessee at Dalton. It took part in : j the battles of Resaca, Cassville, Lost Mountain, New \ Hope, Kenesaw, Peachtree Creek and Atlanta. The j battery moved toward Tennessee, and was in the action ..; at Decatur; it fought at Nashville, where it suffered j; severely, losing so many men and horses that the guns | could not be removed. The remnant was sent to Blakely, ^ where, after taking a heroic part in the defense, it finally \ surrendered. Capt. Edward Tarrant was captured at j Blakely. Lieut. B. B. Hardwick was wounded at Kene- | saw; he and Lieutenant Shepard were captured at Nash- vUle. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42 — (239, 240) Mentioned by General Clanton at Pollard, September 19, 1863. (402, 5x1) In Clanton's brigade, Mobile, November and December. No. 58 — (547. 548, 5S2) In department of the Gulf, Clanton's bri- gade, January, 1864. No. 59— (S61) In Refolds' bri- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 335 pade, Mobile, April 30, 1864. No. 74 — (646, et seq.) In I'rcston's battalion, Polk's corps, Atlanta campaign. (S73) One killed, 4 wounded, report of Chas. Vander- ford. No. 75 — (668) Ordered to Dalton by General Maury, .Mobile, May 5, 1864. (771) Under Major Preston, Cantey's brijjade, near Kenesaw mountain, June 12th. No. 78 — (589) Mentioned by General Clanton, Montgomery, May 9, 1864. (610) Mentioned in artillery returns of James L. Hoole, May 19th, as at Pollard. (858) In Truehearfs battalion, Stewart's corps, Hood's army, September 20th. No. 93 — (668) Same assignment, Nashville campaign. No. 103 — (1047) In Grayson's battalion, district of the Gulf, March 10, 1865. CLANTON'S BATTERY. Clanton's battery, Capt. N. H. Clanton, was organized in Montgomery county, in June, 1863, and was attached to General Clanton's brigade. It was for a time at Pollard and Mobile, was ordered to Gadsden, and served in northern and central Alabama and Georgia. Part of it was engaged near Rome, Ga. It was in the neighbor- hood of Columbus, Ga. , at the close of the war. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42 — (131, 157) In Gen. J. G. Clanton's brigade, \ August, 1S63. (239) General Clanton's report. Pollard, j, Ala., September 19th. (275, 402, 511, 561) In Clanton's | brigade, September to December. (556) Mentioned \ in letter from General Clanton. He says he organized ]. this battery — his brother's. | No. 58 — (547, 54S) In department of the Gulf, January, | 1S64. (582) In Clanton's brigade, with General Maury, Mobile. (651) Ordered to report to General Clanton at Gadsden, February ist. No. 75 — (657) Mentioned in General Polk's command about May i, 1864. No. 78— (791, 811, 887) In district of Central and Northern Alabama, General Adams, August and Septem- ber. 1864. No. 79_(865) With Maj. H. C. Semple, October 28, '864. (87:;) Sixty-two present for duty in Adams' com- mand, October 31'st. S36 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. No. 94 — (634) In central Alabama, Clanton's brigade, December i, 1864. No. 103— (494) Mentioned as near Columbus, Ga., April 16, 1865. (1002) At Mobile, ordered to report to Adams, February 21st. WARD'S BATTERY. Ward's batterj', Capt. John J. Ward, was recruited in northern Alabama, and served with the army of Missis- sippi until the summer of 1864, when it was assigned to Storrs' battalion, army of Tennessee. It took part in the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, serving in many battles, being highly commended at Kenesaw Mountain for courage under severe fire. Captain Ward was mortally wounded near Nashville, July 27, 1864. He was succeeded in com- mand by Capt. S. R. Cruse. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. No. 42 — (39) In Slaughter's brigade. Mobile, June 8, 1863. (131, 157) In Cantey's brigade. Mobile, August. No. 58 — (547, 548, 582) Department of the Gulf, January, 1864. No. 59 — (861) In Fuller's brigade. Mobile, April, 1864. No. 74 — (646, etseq.) Storrs' battalion, Polk's corps, Atlanta campaign. (S73) Mentioned in report of Chark-s Vanderford, chief of ordnance. (901) Commended by Gen. S. G. French, Kenesaw Mountain, June 27th. (904) Captain Ward mortally wounded, near Atlanta, July 27th ; Gen. S. G. French says: "Captain Ward was a fine soldier, and his loss was severely felt." (910, 911,968) Mentioned in General Young's and Major Storrs' reports of July 27th. No. 75 — (668) Ordered to report to Gcncr.il Polk, May 5, 1S64. (686) Ordered to Rome, Ga., May 9th. (771) Near Kenesaw mountain, June 12th. No. 76 — (989) Mentioned in Stewart's corps, August 2Sth. No. 78 — (858) Stewart's corps, September 20th. ROBERTSON'S (DENT'S) BATTERY. Robertson's battery was organized early in the war as part of the army of Pensacola. It fought with Gladden 's brigade at Shiloh, where its gallantry was the subject of 1^ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 337 universal commendation. Its conduct at Farmington and Bridge Creek was also highly commended. The b.iuery lost heavily at Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge, fought continuously in the Atlanta campaign, and suffered severely at Franklin and Nash- ville. It was in Clan ton's brigade, at Mobile, at the close of the war. It was commanded almost continuously by Captain Dent, and after the summer of 1863 was called by his name. It was composed only partially of men from Alabama. EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL WAR RECORDS. Vol. VI — (819) Army of Pensacola, February i, 1862. Vol. X, Part I — (383) General Gladden's brigade, Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1S62. (472) Mentioned in General Ruggles' report; (475) in Colonel Bankhead's report; (515) in Captain Hodgson's report. (532, 534) General Withers says; "With such batteries there could be no failure." (537) Commended in Col. D. W. Adams' report of Shiloh. (566) Mentioned in General Girardey's report. (788) In Gardner's brigade, Bragg's army, June 30th. (809, 810) Mentioned in General Ruggles' report of Farmington, May 9th, "distinguished for gallantry of captain and good conduct of men on the field." {813) Commended in General Anderson's report. (S53, S54, 855) Mentioned in Colonel Wheeler's report. Bridge Creek, May 28th and 29th. "This battery was skillfully and gal- lantly handled by Lieutenant Dent, of Robertson's bat- tery, putting the enemy to flight. " (924) Commended by Capt. David Provence. \'ol. X, Part 2— (307) Col. Joseph Wheeler's brigade, Corinth, March, 1862. (461, 549) Gardner's brigade, April and May. Vol. XVI, Part 2 — (764) In Gardner's brigade, August, 1862. Vol. XVII, Part 2 — (633) In Gardner's brigade, reserve corps, Bragg's army, June 30th. No. 50 — (229) In Hindman's division, Chattanooga, October 7, 1863. No. 52 — (52) Mentioned in report of W. H. Lytle, August i6th. Xo. 51 — (f5) In Hindman's division, battle of Chicka- mauga. (305-307) Commended by General Hindman. 338 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Loss, 3 killed, 13 wounded. (331) Commanded by Deas, Missionary Ridge, October 9th. (338, 343) Mentioned by Coltart and ^Ianigault, Missionary Ridge. (460-46;) Highly commended in alTairs of September 20th, by Rush- rod Johnson. (475, 476) Mentioned in Col. John S. Ful- ton's report, Chickamauga. (491) Highly commended by Lieut. -Col. R. B. Snowden. (501) Mentioned in Col. D. Coleman's report. No. 55 — (659) In Hindman's division, November so, 1863. (741, 742) Mentioned in report of Gen. Wm. B. Bate. No. 56 — (620, 80S, 827, 886) In Hindman's division, Breckinridge's corps, December, 1863. No. 58 — ^(589, 821) In Hood's corps, February 29, 1S64. No. 59 — (6S7) Present for duty, no, March 29, 1864. (698-700) Report of Maj. A. R. Courtney says Dent's battery, Capt. S. G. Dent, was present at Pensacola. Shiloh, 2 killed, 17 wounded; Farmington. i wounded; Murfreesboro, 2 killed, 23 wounded; Chickamauga, 3 killed, 19 wounded; Missionary Ridge, 7 killed, 21 wounded. No. 74— (643, et seq.) Hood's corps, Johnston's array, April 30, 1S64, during Atlanta campaign. No. 93 — (668) InTrueheart's battalion, Stewart's corps, Hood's army, December 10, 1864. (692) Mentioned by Colonel Hoxton as in Courtney's battalion, December loth to 17th. No. 103 — (1047) In Clanton's brigade, Mobile, March 10, 1865. I BATTLES OF THE ARMIES IN VIRGINIA IN WHICH ALABAMA TROOPS WERE ENGAGED. [In the following list of engagements the principal information intended to be g^ven is the item "Alabama troops engaged," but the returns are so uncertain that it is not always possible to do this with accuracy. Such as is obtainable from the "Records" is given. The abbreviations are k, killed; w, wounded; and m, missing, •which also includes prisoners, and accounts for the large numbers frequently given under that head. — Editor.] 1861. Blackburn's Ford, Va., July 18. Gen. Ewell, i brigade.— Federal, loss 19 k, 38 w, 26 m. Alabama troops, 5th Inf. Bull Run, Va., July 21. Gen. G. T. Beauregard, 18,053; loss 387 k, 1582 w, 13 m.— Federal, Gen. I. McDowell, 18,572; loss 460 k, I124 w, 1312 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 5th, 5th Inf. Dranesville, Va., Dec. 20. Gen. Stuart, 1200; loss 43 k, 143 w, 8 m. —Federal, Gen. Geo. A. McCall, 3,100; loss 7 k, 61 w, 3 m. Alabama troops, loth Inf. 1862. (Siege of Yorktown, Va., Apr. 5 to May 3. Gen. Jos. Johnston.— Federal, Gen. G. B. McClellan, 42,000. Alabama troops, 3d, Sth, 9th. loth, 12th, 26th Inf. "Williamsburg, Va., May 5. Gen. James Longstreet, 13,816; loss |i 288 k, 975 w, 297 m.— Federal, Gen. G. B. McClcUan, 42,000; loss L 468 k, 1442 w, 373 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 5th, 6tb, Sth, 9th, loth, 12th, 13th, 14th, 26th Inf. Lewisburg, W. Va.. May 23. Gen. Heth; loss 38 k, 66 m.— Federal, Col. Crook, 2,000; loss 13 k, 53 w, 7 m. Alabama troops, 15th Inf. Middletown, Newton, Front Royal and Winchester, Va. , May 20 to June 10. Gen. T. J. Jackson, 16,000; loss 68 k, 329 w. 3 m.— Fed- eral, Gen. N. P. Banks, 9,178; loss 62 k, 243 w. 1714 m. Alabama troops, 15th Inf. Seven Pines (or Fair Oaks), Va., May 31. Gen. Longstreet, 8300; loss 9S0 k, 4749 w, 405 m. — Federal, Gen. McClellan, 14,000; loss 790 k, 3594 w, 647 m. 340 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 12th, :3th, 14th, 26th Inf. ; Jeft'. Davis Batty. Harrisonburg, V'a.. June 6. Gen. Jackson, 13,000; loss 17 k, 50 w, 3 m. — Federal, Gen. Fremont. Alabama troops, 1 5th Inf. Cross Keys, Va., Tune 8. Gen. Jackson, 13,000; loss 56 k, 392 w, 47 m.— Federal, Gen. Fremont, 14,672; loss 14 k, 443 w, 127 m. Alabama troops, 1 5th Inf. Port Republic, Va., June g. Gen. Jackson, 13,000; loss 7S k, 533 w", 4 m. — Federal, Gen. Shields, 2,500; loss 67 k, 393 w, 558 m. Alabama troops, 15th Inf. Oak Grove, Va., June 25. Total loss 541.— Federal, Gen. Heint- zelman; loss 67 k, 504 w, 55 m. Mechanicsville, Va., June 26. Gens. Jackson and Longstreet, 10,000; total loss 1589. — Federal, Gen. Fitz John Porter, 5,000; loss 49 k, 207 w, 105 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, Sth, 9th, loth, nth, 12th, ijth. 14th, 26th, 44th, 5th Battn. Inf. ; Jeff. Davis and Hardaway's Battrs. Gaines' Mill, Va., June 27. Gens. Longstreet and Jackson, 50,000: loss* 5S9 k, 2671 w, 24 m. — Federal, Gen. Fitz John Porter; loss 894 k, 3107 w, 2S36 m. Alabama troops, same as at Mechanicsville. Golding's Farm, etc., Va., June 28. Gen. Magruder. — Federal. Gen. Smith; loss 37 k, 227 w, 104 m. Alabama troops, Sth, 9th, loth, nth, 14th, 44th, 5th Battn. Inf. Savage's, Peach Orchard, Va., June 29. Gen. Magruder. — Federal. Gen. Sumner; loss So k, 412 w, logS m. Alabama troops, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 14th, 44th, 5th Battn. Inf. Frazer Farm, Glendale, White Oak, and Charles City Cross Rds.. Va.. June 30. Gen. Longstreet. — Federal, Gen. Hooker; loss 210 k, 1513 w, n30 m. Alabama troops, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 14th, 44th, 5th Battn. Inf. Malvern Hill, July i. Gen. R. E. Lee.— Federal, Gen. F. J. Porter; lo9s 397 k, 2092 w, 725 m. Alabama troops, same as at Mechanics\-ille. Seven Days' Battles, Va., June 25 to July i. Gen. R. E. Lee. J5.000; Ir.ss 32S6 k, is.gog w, g4o m.— Federal, Geii. McClellan, 105,445; loss 1734 k, S062 w, 6053 m- Alabama troops, same as at Mechanicsville. Cedar Mt, Va., Aug. g. Gen. Jackson, 20,000; loss 241 k, 1120 w, 4 m.— Federal, Gen. Pope, 38,000; loss 314 k, 1445 w, 622 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 12th, 13th, 15th, 26th, 47^ Inf. ; Hardaway's and Jeff. Davis Battrs. Second Bull Run, Aug. 16 to Sept 2. Gen. R. E. Lee, 49,000; lossf '553 k. 7112 w, 109 m.— Federal, Gen. Pope, 70,000; loss i74:t k. 8482 w, 4263 m. • Lois does not include LonRstreet's afl3 Hill's corps. t lit;vi'1c-i Bristoc, Groveton, G.-iinesvjlle, ChantiUy and Rappahannock. ! IniluJcs ChanliUy and Rappaliannock. COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 341 Alab.ima troo])s, 4t 8t' . gth, lOth, nth, 14th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 43th, 5th Battn. Inf. ilarpei's Ferr>'. Va., Sept 12 to 15. Gen. Jackson, 15,000. — Federal, Col. D. S. Iii;ifs; loss 14 k, 173 w, 12,520 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 8th, gth, loth, nth, 12th, 13th. .4th, 15th. 26th. 44th, 47th, 48th, 15th Battn. Inf.; Hardaway's and Jeff. Davis Battrs. Crampton's Gap, Md., Sept. 14. Gen. McLaws, 8,000; total loss 749. — Federal, Gen. Frankliu; loss 113 k, 418 w, 2 m. South Mt., Md., Sept. 14. Gen. Longstreet, 9,900; loss 494 k and \v, 440 m. — Federal, Gen. Hooker, 17,268; loss 325 k, 1403 w, 85 m. Alabama troops, Sth, gth, loth, nth, i4tn, 44th Inf. Antietara, Md., Sept. 17. Gen. R. E. Lee, 35,000; loss 1512 k, 7816 w. 1844 m. — F'ederal, Gen. McClellan, 60,000; loss 210S k, 9549 w, 753 m- Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 12th. 13th, i4fh, 15th, 26th, 44th, 47th, 48th Inf.; 5th Battn. Inf.; Harda- way's and Jeff. Davis Battrs. Maryland campaign, Sept. 12 to 20. Gen. R. E. Lee, 35,000; loss 1890 k, u77o w, 2304 m. —Federal, Gen. McClellan, 87,000; loss 2661 k, 11704 \v, 13491 m. Alabama troops, same as at Antietam. Shepherds to\^m, Va.. Sept. T9-20. Gen. R. E. Lee. — Federal, Gen. F. J. Porter, 2 brigades; loss 71 k, 161 w, 131 m. Alabama troops, same as at Antietam. Fredericksburg, Dec. 13. Gen. R. E. Lee, 20,000; loss 608 k, 4n6w, 653 m.— Federal, Gen. Bumside, 116,683; loss 1284 k, 9600 w, 1769 m. Alabama troops, same as at Antietam. 1863. Deserted House, Suffolk, Va., Jan. 30. Loss 8 k, 31 \v.— Federal, Gen. M. Corcoran; loss 23 k, 108 w, 12 m. Kelly's Ford, Va., Mar. 17. — Federal; loss g k, 35 w, 40 m. Siege of Suffolk, Va.. April 11 to 30. Gen. LongstrecL, 20,000. — Federal, Gen. John J. Peck, 24,000; loss 41 k, 223 \v, 2 m. Chancellorsville, Va., May i to 4. Gen. Jackson. 60,000; loss 1665 k, 90S1 w, 201S m. — Federal, Gen. J. Hooker, 130,000; loss 1606 k, g762 w, 5glg m. Alabama troops. 3d, 5th, 6th, Sth, gth. 10th, nth, 12th, 13th, 14th, 26th, ;th Battn. Inf.; Jeff. Davis and Hurt's Battrs. Wmchester, Va., June 13 to 15. Gen. R. S. Ewell; loss 47 k, 219 w, 3 ra. — Federal, Gen. Milroy; loss g5 k, 348 w, 4000 ra. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 20th Inf.; Jeff. Davis Batty. Gettysburg, Pa., July i to 3. Gen. R. E. Lee, 70,000; loss 2592 k, I27gg w, 5150 m. — Federal, Gen. Meade, ioi,67g; loss 3072 k, 14.497 w. 5434 m. Alabama troops, same as at Antietam. Funkstov.-n, M.l , Jnly 12. Gen. R. E. Lee; loss 26 k, 130 w, bo m. — Federal. Ge.i." Meade ; loss 14 k. 77 \v. 6 m. Alabama troops, id, 5th, 6th, Stli, gth, loth, nth, 12th, 13th, 14th. 26th Inf. 1 3-12 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Falling Waters. Md., July 14. Gen. R. E. Lee.— Federal, Gen. Meade; loss 31 k, 5S w, 32 m. Alabama troops, 5th Battn. : 13th Regt. Inf. Wapping Heights, Va., July 23. Gen. Longstreet.— Federal, Gen. French ; loss 20 k, 83 w. Brandy Station, Va., Aug. 1.— Federal, Gen. Buford; loss 21 k, 104 w, 20 m. Alabama troops, 12th Inf. Bristoe Station, Va., Oct. 4. Gen. Heth, 2 di\nsions; loss 136k. 797 w, 445 m. — Federal, Gen. Warren, 2 divisions; loss 50k, 335 w. 161 m. Alabama troops. Sth, gth, loth, nth, 13th, 14th Inf. Droop Mt., Va., Nov. 6. — Federal, loss 30 k, 8S \v, i m. Kelly's Ford, Va.. Nov. 7. Loss 5 k, 59 w, 295 m.— Federal, Gen. French ; loss 6 k, 36 w. Mine Run campaign, Va., Nov. 26 to 30. Gens. A. P. Hill and R. S. Ewell; loss 90 k, 610 w, 104 m. — Federal, Gens. Warren and Sedg- wick; loss 173 k, 1099 w, 381 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 26th, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 13th, 14th Inf. ; Hardaway's Batty. Walker's Ford, W. Va., Dec. 2. — Federal, loss 9 k, 43 w, 12 m. 1864. Morton's Ford, Va., Feb. 6. —Federal, loss 10 k, 208 w, 42 m. Wilderness, Va., May 5 to 7. Gen. Lee, 61,000; total loss 11,400. — Federal. Gen. Grant, ii3,0(Xi; loss 2246 k, 12,037 %v, 3383 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, Sth, 9th, loth, nth, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 43lh, 6i?t Inf. ; Reeves' Batty. Spottsylvania, Va., May 3 to 21. Gen. Lee, 9,000.— Federal, Gen. Grant; loss 2725 k, 13,416 v/, 225S m. Alabama troops, same as at Wilderness. Arrowfiel'i Church, Va., May 9-10. — Federal, Gen. Butler; loss 36 k, 188 w, 19 m. Drewrj-'s Bluff, Va., May 12 to 16. Gen. Beauregard, 25,000; total loss 2500. — Federal, Gen. Butler, 35,000; loss 390 k, 23S0 w, 1390 m. Alabama troops, 41st, 43d, 5gth, 60th, 23d Battn. Inf. Ware Bottom Church, Va., May iS to 20.— Federal, loss 103 k, 796 w, 49 ra. Alabama troops, 41st, 43d, 59th, 60th, 23d Battn. Inf. Bermuda Hundred, Va., May 16 to 30. Gen. Beauregard, 12,000. — Federal, Gen. Butler, 13,000; loss iS k, 89 w, 21 m. Alabama troops, 41st, 43d, 5gth, 6olh, 23d Battn. Inf. North Anna and Tolopotoraoy, Va , May 23 to 27. Gen. Lee; total loss 2000. — Federal, Gen. Grant; loss 223 k, 1460 w, 290 m. Alabama tmops, 3d. 4tb, 5th, oth, Sth, 9th, loth, nth, 12th, 13th. 14th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 43th, 6ist Inf. Sheridan's raid, Va., May 25 to 30.— Federal, Gen. Sheridan; loss no k, 450 w, 96 m. Alabama troops, 41st, 43d, 59th, 60th and Stall-;^orth's 23d Battn. Inf. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY 343 Bermuda Hundred, Va., June i to 14.— Federal, loss 25 k, 134 w, 98 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 13th, 6ist Inf. Cold Harbor, Va., June 2, and Bethesda Church, Va., June 4. Gen. Lee 78,000; total loss 1700.— Federal, Gen. Grant, 103,875; loss 1844 k, 9077 w, 1816 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, gth, loth, nth, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 4Sth, 6ist Inf.; Hurt's Batty. Petersburg assault, June 15 to 19. Gen. Beauregard, 20,000.— Fed- eral, Gen. Hancock, qo,ooo; loss 16SS k, S513 w, 1185 m. Alabama troops, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 13th, 14th, 43d, 59th, 60th, and Stalhvorth's 23d Battn. Inf. Lynchburg, Va., June 17-18. Gen. Early, 10,000; total loss 200.— Federal, Gen. Hunter, 17,200; loss 103 k, 564 w, 271 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th. 6ist Inf. Weldon R. R., etc., Va., June 22.— Federal, loss 142 k, 654 w, 2166 m. Petersburg Trenches, Va., June 20 to 30. Gen. Beauregard.— Fed- eral, Gen. Hancock; loss 112 k, 506 w, 151 m. Monocacy, Md., July 9. Gen. Early, 10,000; total loss 650.— Federal, Gen. Lew Wallace, 6,050; loss 123 k, 603 w. 56S ra. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Snicker's Ferry. Va., July IS. Gen. Early, 9,300.— Federal, Gen. Thobum, i division ; 65 k, 301 w, 56 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Carter's Farm, Va., July 20. Gen. Ramseur, i division; total loss 400.— Federal, Gen. Averill, 2.350; loss 37 k, 175 w, 30 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Wmchester, or Kernstown, Va., July 24. Gen. Early, 7,800.— Fed- eral, Gens. Crook and Averill; loss I34 k, 678 w, 391 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Da\is Batty. New Market, Malvern Hill, Darbytoum. Va., July 26 to 2g. Gen. Beauregard; total loss 250.— Federal, Gen. Hancock, i con« and 2 divisions ; loss 62 k, 340 w, 86 m. Petersburg Mine, Va., July 30. Gen. R. E. Lee, 54.751; total loss* 677.— Federal, Gen. Grant. 77,321 ; loss 504 k, 1881 \v, 1413 m. Alabama troops, 4th, Sth, gth, loth, nth. 13th, 14th, 15th. 4i'=t. 43d, 44th, 47th, 4Sth, sgth, 60th, 6ist Inf.; 23d Battn.; Hurt's Batty. Petersburg and Richmond, Va., July i to 31. Gen. R. E. Lee, 54.- 751; loss 54 k, 751 w.— Federal, Gen. Grant, 77.321; loss 915 k, 3S0S w, 1644 m. Alabama troops, same as at Petersburg Mine. Deep Bottom, Va., Aug. 14 to 16. Total loss noo.— Federal, loss 327 k, 1851 w, 721 m. Alabama troops, 15th Inf. Weldon R. R.,Va., Aug. iS to 20. Gen. A. P. Hill; loss 200 k; total loss 4000. — Federal. Gen. Warren; less 251 k, n45 \v, 2S79 m, Alabama troops, Sth. gth, loth, nth, 13th, 14th Inf. • Elliott's S. C. briRade; others not reported. 344 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Halltown, Va., Aug. 24. Gen. Early.— Federal, Gen. Sheridan; loss 9 k, 37 w, 16 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty Ream's Station, Va., Aug. 25. Gen. Hill; total loss 720.— Federal. Gen. Hancock; loss 140 k, 529 w, 2073 m- Alabama troops, 8th, 9th, loth, nth, 13th, 14th Inf. Halltown, Va., Aug. 26. Gen. Early. — Federal, Gen. Torbert; loss 30 k, 141 w. Alabama troops, 3d, sth, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Smithfield, Va., Aug. 29. Gen. Early.— Federal, Gen. Merrilt, i division ; loss :o k, 90 w. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf.; Jeff. Davis Batty. Siege of Petersburg and Richraocd. Va.. Aug. i to 31. Gen. Lee. 34,677. — Federal, 58,923; loss 876k, 4151 w, 5969m. Alabama troops, Lee's army as above. Berryville, Va., Sept. 3. Gen. Anderson.— Federal, Gen. Crook; loss 30 k, 1S2 w, 100 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 48th Inf. Opequon, or Winchester, Va., Sept. 19. Gen. Early, 15,000; loss* 226 k, 1567 w. iSiB m. — Federal, Gen. Sheridan, 45,000; loss 697 k, 39S3 w, 338 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Fisher's Hill, Va., Sept. 22. Gen. Early, 11,000; loss* 30 k, 210 w, 995 m. — Federal, Gen. Sheridan, 40,000; loss 52 k, 457 w, 19 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Chaffin's Farm, Va., Sept. 28. Gen. Anderson.— Federal, Gens. Ames and Stannard; loss 3S3 k, 2299 w, 645 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 48th Inf. Poplar Spring Church, Peebles' Farm. Pegram's, Va. . Sept. 30. Gen. Anderson.— Federal, Gen. Meade; loss 189 k, 900 w, 1802 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 15th, 44th, 47th, 43th Inf. Petersburg and Richmond, Va., Sept. i to 30. Gen. Lee, 35,088.— Federal, Gen. Grant, 70,000; loss 74 k, 304 w, 424 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army as above. Darbytou-n Rd., Va., Oct. 7. Gen. Longstreet. — Federal, Gen. | Kautz; loss 49 k, 253 \v, i;6 ra. J Alabama troops, 4th, 15th. 44th, 47th, 48th Inf. t Darbytown Rd., Va., Oct. 13.— Federal, Gen. Terry; loss 36 k, 358 w. > Cedar Cr., Va., Oct. 19. Gen. Early, 10,000; loss 320 k, 1540 w. 1050 m.— Federal, Gen. Sheridan, 37,000; loss 644 k, 3430 ^'^ 1591 m. Alabama troops, 3d, 5th, 6th, 12th, 6ist Inf. ; Jeff. Davis Batty. Boydtown Rd., or Hatcher's Run, Va., Oct. 27. — Federal, Gens. Warren and Hancock; loss 166 k, 1028 w, 564 m. Alabama troops, 41st. 59th, 60th Inf. ; ist Conf. Battn. Darbytown Rd., or Fair Oaks, Va., Oct 27. Total loss 451.— Federal. Gen. Hancock; loss n3 k, 7S7 w, 6g3 m. Petersburg and Richmond, Va., Oct. i to 31. Gen. Lee, 47.307-— Federal, Gen. Grant, S5.046; loss 52S k, 2946 w, 2094 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army. • Cavalry not included. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 345 Petersburg and Richmond, Va., Nov. i to 30. Gen. Lee. 56.4»4-— Federal, Gen. Grant, 86,723; loss 57 k. 258 w, 108 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army. IVtcrsburg and Richmond, Va., Dec. i to 31. Gen. Lee, 66,533 — Federal, Gen. Grant, 110,364; loss 66 k, 278 w, 269 m, Alabama troops, Lee's army. Weldon R. R., Dec 7 to 10.— Federal, Gen. Warren. 1865. Siege of Petersburg, Va., Jan. i to 31. Gen. Lee.— Federal. Gen. Grant, 120,000; loss 51 k, 269 w, 81 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army. Siege of Petersburg. Va., Feb. i to 28. Gen. Lee, 54,000.— Federal, Gen. Grant, 120,000; loss 43 k, 257 w, 72 va. Alabama troops, Lee's army. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, Va., Feb. 5 to 7. Gen. A. P. Hill. —Federal, Gens. Warren and Humphreys; loss 171 k, 1181 w. Alabama troops, 8th, gth, loth, nth, 13th, 14th Inf. Fort Stedman, Va., Mar. 25. Gen. Gordon, 12,000; loss 120 k, 6i2 w, 1949 m.— Federal, Gen. Parke, 6th corps; loss 72 k, 450 w, ^^Alabama troops, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, Sth, gth, loth, nth, 12th, t3th, 14th, 15th, 4+th, 4-th, 48th, 6ist Inf. Petersburg, Va., Mar. .25. Gen. Lee.— Federal, Gen. Grant; loss 103 k, 864 \v, 209 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army. Gravelly Run, Va., Mar. 29.— Federal, Gen. Ay res; loss 55 k. 306 w, 22 m. White Oak Rd., Va., Mar. 31.— Federal, Gen. Warren; loss 177 k. Alabama troops, 41st, 59th, 60th Inf. ; ist Co'nf. Battn. Petersburg, Va., Mar. i to 31. Gen. Lee, 46,000.— Federal, Gen. Grant; loss 58 k, 272 w, 98 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army. Five Forks, Va., April i. Gens. Pickett and F. H. Lee, 7,00a— Fed- eral, Gens. Warren and Sheridan, 26,000; loss 124 k, 706 w, 54 m. Petersburg, Va.. April 2. Gen. Lee, 50,000.— Federal, Gen. Grant, 120,000;" loss 124 k, 706 w, 54 m. Alabama troops, Lee's army. Richmond, Va., April 3.— Federal, Gen. G. Weitzel. Sailor's Cr. Va., April 6. Gens. Ewell and .Vnderson, 5.00O.— Fed- eral, Gens. Sheridan and H. G. Wright, 30.000; loss 166 k, 1014 w. High Bridge, Va., April 6.— Federal, loss 10 k, 31 w, looo m. Farmville, Va., April 7.— Federal; loss 58 k, 504 w, 9 m. Appomatto.x, Va., Apnl 9. Gen. Lee, 28,231 ; total loss 28,231.— Fed- eral, Gen. Grant. Alabama troops, army of Virginia surrendered. BATTLES OF THE WESTERN ARMY IN WHICH ALABAMA TROOPS WERE ENGAGED. 1861. Santa Rosa, Fla.,Oct. g. Gen. R. H. Anderson, 1,000; loss 18 k, 39 w, 25 m. — Federal, Col. Harvey Brown, 500; loss 50 k, 20 m. Alabama troops, ist and 7th Inf. Wild Cat, Ky., Oct. 21. Gen. ZoUicoffer; loss 11 k, 42 w.— Fed- eral, loss 5 k, 21 w, 40 m. Alabama troops, i6th Inf. Pensacola, Fort Pickens. Fla., Nov. 23. Gen. Bragg; loss 5 k, 23 w. — Federal, Lt. Slemmer, Capts. Ellison and McKean, the Niagara and Richmond Sist Art. ; loss 5 k, 7 w. Alabama troops, 7th, 17th, igth, 29th Inf. ; ist. Inf. as Art. Sacramento, Ky., Dec. 28. Col. B. Forrest; loss 2 k, 3 w. — Federal, Gen. Geo. H. Thomas; loss 65 k, 17 w, 18 m. 1862. Mill Springs, Ky., Jan. 19. Gen. ZoUicoffer, 4,000; loss 125 k, 309 w, 95 m, — Federal, Gen. Geo. H. Tliomas, 4.000; loss 39 k, 207 w, 15 m. Alabama troops, i6i:h Inf. ; Ketchum's Batty. Roanoke Island, N. C, Feb. 8. Gen. Wise and Com. Lynch; loss 23 k, 58 w, 2527 m. — Federal. Gen. Burnside and Com. Golds- borough, 7,500, 24 gunboats; loss 37 k, 214 w, 13 m. Alabama troops, "Montgomery True Blues Art. Fort Donelscn, Tenn., Feb. 14-16. Gen. Buckner, 17,000; loss 446 k, 1534 w, 13.S29 m. — Federal, Gen. Grant and Com. Foote. 20,000, 6 gunboats; loss 5rK3 k, 210S w, 224 m. Alabama troops, Garvm's Battn. ; 26th-5oth, 27th Inf. Near Shiloh, Tenn., April 4. Col. Clanton; loss 7 m.— Federal, loss I k, I m. Alabama troops, ist Cav. Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 7. Gens. A. S. Johnson and Beauregard. 38,773; loss 172S k, S012 w, 059 ™- — Federal, Gens. Grant and Buell, 70,863; loss 1754 k, 8408 w, 2SS5 m. Alabama troops, i6lh, 17th, lith, loth, 21st, 22d, 25th, 26th-50th, 31st, 4th Batt. Inf. : Brewer's, Forrest's, Clanton's, Jenkins', Cav. ; 1st, 3d, 53d Cav. . Ketchum's, Gage's, Lumsden's Ratlrs. New Madrid or Island No. 10, Tenn., March 16 to April 8. Gen. McCown, 15 regis. ; loss 17 k, 13 w, 2000 m.— Federal, Gen. Pope and Com. Foote, 33 regiments, 17 boats; loss 17 k, 34 w, 3 m. Alabama troops, ist, 54th Inf. Huntsville, Ala., April 11. Total loss 200.— Federal, Gen. O. M. Mitchell, 8,000. I' n- fu CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 347 Farming^on, Miss., May 9, 10. Gen. Ruggles. — Federal, loss 16 k, 148 w, 14 m. Alabama troops, 19th, 21st, 22d, 24th, 25th Inf. ; Ketchum's Batty. Rodgersville, Ala., May 13. CoL Adams.— Federal, Col. Stark- weather, 1,000. Alabama troops, Adams" Cav. Bridge Creek, Miss., May 28. Col. Jos. Wheeler, 1,000; loss 8 k, a8 w, 7 m. — Federal, Gen. Stanley; loss 12 k, 70 w. Alabama troops, 25th, igth, 26th, ist Cav. ; Robertson's. Tishimingo Cr., Miss., May 30. Col. Jos. Wheeler, 1,100; loss i w. — Federal, Gen. Granger, 5,000; loss 2 k, 10 w. Alabama troops, 19th, 22d Inf. ; Dent's Batty. Blackland, Miss. , June 4. Alabama troops, 24th Inf. Secessionville, S. C, June 16. Gen. N. G. Evans; loss 52 k, 144 w, 8 m. — Federal, Gen. Stevens, 6,600; loss 107 k, 487 w, 89 m. Battle Creek, Tenn., June 21. Gen. Leadbetter. —Federal, Gen. Mitchell ; loss 4 k, 3 w. Alabama troops, 46th Inf. ; 3d Conf. Cav. Marfreesboro, Tenn., July 13. Gen. Forrest, 2,000— Federal, Gen. T. T. Crlttendon, i brigade ; total loss, i brigade. Alabama troops, Forrest's Cav. ; ist, 51st Cav. ; 3d Conf. Cav. Middleburg, Bolivar Road. Forked Deer, and Jackson Road, Tenn., July. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 32. — Federal, total loss 120. Alabama troops, 8th Conf. Cav. Baton Rouge, La., Aug. 5. Gen. J. C. Breckinridge, 2,600; loss 84 k, 315 w, 57 m.— Federal, Gen. Thos. Williams, 2,500; loss 84 k, 266 w, 33 m. Alabama troops, 31st, 35th Inf. ; 4th and Snodgrass' Battns. Near New Market, Ala., Aug. 5.— Federal, Gen. R. L. McCook; loss 2 k, I \v, 60 m. Alabama troops, Gurley's and Hambrick's Cos.. Rangers. Tazewell, Tenn., Aug. 6. Gen. C. L. Stevenson; loss 9 k, 40 w.— Federal, loss 3 k, 23 w, 50 m. Alabama troops. 30th, 31st, 46th Inf. ; Eufaula Batty. Bridgeport, Ala., Aug. 27. Gen. S. B. Maxey. Alabama troop';, 32d Inf. Altamont, Tenn., Aug. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade; total loss 3. — Federal, Ge'n. McCook; total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of 1st. 3d Cav. Stevenson, Ala., Aug. 31. Gen. S. B. Maxey. Alabama troops, 32d Inf. Gallatin Road, Tenn., Sept. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade.— Federal, Gen. McCook; total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Kentucky Line, Tenn., Sept. 8. Gen. Jos. Wheeler. \ brigade.— Federal, Gen. McCook; total lo?s 40. Alabama trocps, parts of ist, 3d Cav. 348 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Franklin Road, Tenn., Sept. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade; total loss 8.— Federal, Gen. McCook : total loss 70. Alabama troops, part of ist Conf. Cav. Scottsville Road, Tenn., Sept. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade; lot.il loss 9. — Federal, Gen. McCook; total loss 135. Log Church, Tenn., Sept. 10. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade; total loss 5. — Federal, Gen. McCook; total loss 80. Woodburn, Tenn., Sept. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade. — Fed- eral, Gen. McCook ; total loss 30. Smith's, Tenn., Sept. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, i brigade; total loss 3. —Federal, Gen. McCook; total loss 18. Mumfordsville, Ky., Sept. 14-17. Gen. Bragg, 16,000; loss 40 k. 211 w. — Federal, Col. Wilder. 4,200; loss 15 k, 57 w, 4076 m. Alabama troops, 22d, 28th, 33d Int. ; Waters' Batty. Near Oakland, Ky., Sept. 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 5. — Federal, total loss 14. Alabama troops, part of ist Conf. Cav. Bowling Green and Merry Oaks, Ky., Sept. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 6. — Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, part of ist Conf. Cav. Near Cave City, Ky., Sept. 18. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 4- — Federal, total loss 23. Alabama troops, part of ist Conf. Cav. Horse Cave, Ky., Sept. 19. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 15. — Federal, total loss 32. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Conf. Cav. Bear Wallow, Ky., Sept. 19. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 7-— Federal, total loss 29. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Conf. Cav. luka, Miss., Sept. 10. Gen. Price, 3,179; loss 86 k, 408 w, 199 m.— Federal, Gen. Rosecrans, 9,000; loss 141 k, 613 w, 36 m. Alabama troops, 37th Inf. Mumfordsville, Ky., Sept. 20. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss is. — Federal, Major Foster ; total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Conf. Cav. Shepherdsville, Ky., Sept. 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 25. — Federal, Col. Granger; total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Woodsonville, Ky., Sept. 21. Gtn. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 23. — Federal, total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Vinegar HUl, Ky., Sept. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 13 — Federal, total loss 70. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. New Lebanon June, Ky., Sept. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 3. — Federal, total loss 3S. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Elizabethtown Rd . Kv., Sept. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 4.— Federal, total Ins^; 30. Alabama troops, part of isl Cav. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 349 Louisville Pike, Ky., Oct. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 2.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Shepherdsville Rd., Ky., Oct 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 3. —Federal, toLil loss 35. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Near Bridge, Ky., Oct. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, 700; total loss 6.— Federal, total loss 42. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Corinth, Miss., Oct. 3, 4. Gen. Van Dorn, 20,000; loss 505 k, 2150 w, 2183 m. — Federal, Gen. Rosecrans, 20,000; loss 355 k, 1841 w, 324 m. Alabama troops, ist, 31st, 35th, 37th, 42d, 49th Inf. ; 4th Battn. Inf. ; ist Conf. Battn. Inf. Bardstown Pike, Ky., OcL 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 30.— Federal, total loss 170. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Perryville Pike, Ky., Oct 5. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i.— Federal, total loss 32. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Hatchie Bridge, Miss., Oct. 5. Gen. Van Dorn.— Federal, Gen. Ord; loss 46 k, 493 w, 31 m. Alabama troops, ist Conf. Battn. Fair Grounds, Ky., Oct. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2.— Fed- eral, total loss 15. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Springfield, Ky., Oct. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5.— Fed- eral, total loss 65. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Burnt Cross Rds., Ky., Oct. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler- total loss 2.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Beach Fork, Ky., Oct 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler ; total loss 8.— Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Grassy Mound, Ky., Oct 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2.— Fed- eral, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Lavergne,Tenn., Oct. 7. Gen. S. R. Anderson, 2 regiments; loss So k and w, 175 m. — Federal, Gen. Palmer, i brigade; loss 5 k, 9 w, 4 m. Alabama troops, 32d Inf. Brown Hill, Ky., Oct 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 15.— Fed- ■ eral, total loss 200. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Perryville Rd., Ky., Oct 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7.— Federal, total loss 80. Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8. Gen. Bragg, 16,000; loss 510 k, 2635 w, 251 m. — Federal, Gen. Buell; loss 916 k, 2943 w, 4S9 m. Alabama troops, i6th, 22d, 27th, nd,45th, iSth Battn. Inf.; ist, 3d Cav. ; 1st Conf. Cav.; Waters', Lunisdcn's, Seniple's Battrs. Perryville, Ky., Oct 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 174. ,ir »*i 350 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Alabama troops, i6th, 22d, 27th, 33d, 45th, i8th Battn. Inf.- ist 3d Cav. ; ist Conf. Cav. ; Waters', Lumsden's, Semple's Battrs. Lawrenceburg, Ky., Oct. 9. Gen. E. K. Smith; loss 11 k.— Federal loss 6 k, 8 w, 200 m. Mackelville Pike, Ky., Oct. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 13. Alabama troops, ist Cav. Danville Rd., Ky., Oct. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9.— Fed- eral, total loss 55. Alabama troops, parts of 1st, 3d Cav. Danville Cross Rds., Ky,, Oct. 10. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss I3-— Federal, Col. Boyle, i regiment; total loss 74. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Danville, Ky.. Oct. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 16.— Federal, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Dick's Ford, Ky., Oct. 12. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.— Fed- eral, total loss 27. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Lancaster Rd., Ky., Oct. 13. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 10.- Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Lancaster, Ky., Oct. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 30.— Fed- eral, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Crab Orchard Rd., Ky., Oct. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 10. —Federal, total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Crab Orchard, Ky., Oct. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 32.- Federal, total loss 140. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Barren Mound, Ky., Oct. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7.— Federal, total loss f>o. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Mountain Gap, Ky., Oct 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7. — Fed- eral, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. Mt Vernon, Ky., Oct 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 8.— Fed- eral, total loss to. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Valley Woods, Ky., Oct. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9.— Federal, total loss 72. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Rocky Hill, Ky., Oct. 17.— Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 11.— Fed- eral, total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Cross Rds. to Bis: IIill. Kv., On. i8. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 13.— Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 351 LitUe Rockcastle River, Ky., Oct i8. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Federal, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Mountain Side, Ky., Oct. 18. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5.— Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Wild Cat, Ky., Oct. 19. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 28. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Near Wild Cat, Ky., Oct. 20. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 16. — Federal, total loss 39. Alabama troops parts of ist, 3d Cav. Pitman's Cross Rds., Ky., Oct. 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i. — Federal, total loss 25. Alabama troops, parts of 1st, 3d Cav. Pocotaligo, S. C. Oct. 22. Col. W. S. Walker; loss 21 k, 124 w, 18 m. — Federal, Gen. Mitchell, 4,448; loss 43 k, 294 w, 3 m. Nashville Pike, Tenn., Nov. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 7th Cav. ; 8th Conf. Cav. Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 14. — Fed- eral, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 7th Cav. ; 8th Conf. Cav. Scrougesville and Lavergne, Tenn., Nov. 27. , Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 8.— Federal, Gen. Sill, 5 brigades; total loss 29. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav. ; 8th Conf. Cav. Kimbrough's, Tenn., Dec. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Federal, total loss 90. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav. ; 8th Conf. Cav. Carter's Farm, Tenn., Dec. g. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 15.— Federal, total loss 58. Alabama troops, ist, 3d, 51st Cav. ; 8th Conf. Cav. Lavergne, Tenn., Dec. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, loss 5 k, 48 w, 6 m. Alabama troops, ist, 3d, 51st Cav. ; 8th Conf. Cav. Nolensville Pike, Tenn., Dec. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 17. — Federal, total loss 3. .A-labama troops, isi, 3d, 51st Cav. ; Sth Conf. Cav. Little Bear Cr., Ala., Dec. 12. Col. Roddey ; loss ii k, 30 w, 40 m.— Federal, Col. Sweeny: loss i k, 2 m. Alabama troops. Col. Roddey's Cav. Lexington, Tenn., Dec. 18. Gen. Forrest; loss 7 k, 28 w.— Federal, loss 7 k, 10 w, 150 ra. Alabama troops, Russell's 4th Cav. ; Forrest's Cav. Jackson, Tenn., Dec. 18. Gen. Forrest; loss 70 w, 3 m.— Federal, loss 30 w, 200 m. Alabama troops, Russell's 4th Cav. ; Forrest's Cav. Asylum Hill, Tenn., Dec. 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.— Federal, total lod, Sth Conf. Cav. Stewart's Cr., Tenn., Dec. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6. —Federal, total loss 30. Stewart's Cr., "Tenn., Dec. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 28— Federal, total loss 230. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, Sth Conf. Cav. Murfreesboro Pike, Tenn., Dec. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5. —Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, id, Sth Conf. Cav. ^ Overall's Cr., Tenn., Dec. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 15.— Federal, total loss no. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, Sth Conf. Cav. Brick House. Tenn.. Dec. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.- Federal, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th. 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, Sth Conf. Cav. Jefferson, Tenn.. Dec. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss lo.-Fed- eral, Starkweather; loss 20 k, 40 w, 200 ra. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and Sth Conf. Cav. Near Burnett's. Tenn.. Dec. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler. -Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and Sth Conf. Cav. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 353 Lavergne, Tenn., Dec. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 15.— Fed- eral, total loss 1 100. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Rock Cr. Cross Rds., Tenn., Dec. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5. — Federal, total loss 90. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Nolensville, Tenn., Dec. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Federal, Col. M. B. Walker; total loss 400. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Chickasaw Bluffs, Miss., Dec. 17, 1862, to Jan. 3, 1863. Gen. Pem- berton, 25,000: loss 63 k, 134 w, 10 m. — Federal, Gen. Sherman. 33,000; loss 20S k, 1005 w, 563 m. Alabama troops. Ward's Batty. ; 20th, 23d, 30th, 31st, 37th, 40lh Inf. Murfreesboro, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862, to Jan. 2, 1863. Gen. B. Bragg, 37,712; less 1294 k, 7945 \v, 1027 m. — Federal, Gen. Rosecrans, 43,400; loss 1533 k, 7S02 w. 3717 m. Alabama troops, lOth, 19th, 22d. 24th, 25th, 28th, 31st, 32d, 33d, 34th, 37th, 39th, 4i5t, 45th Inf. ; Yancey's Battn. ; Wheeler's Cav. ; Garrity's, Waters', Ketchum's, Lumsden's, Robertson's, Semple's and Eufaula Battrs. 1863. Rassell's, Tenn., Jan. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12.— Fed- eral, total loss 70. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Lavergne, Tenn., Jan. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 40. — Fed- eral, total loss 140. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Near Murfreesboro, Tenn., Jan. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 436. — Federal, total loss 3100. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 7th, 51st Cav., and ist 3d, Sth Coaf. Cav. Cox's Hill, Tenn., Jan. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i6.— Fed eral, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Stone River, Tenn., Jan. 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler ; total loss 15.— Fed- eral, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d. 4th, 51st Cav., and Sth Conf Cav. Manchester Pike, Tenn., Jan. 5. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, cotal loss 24 — Federal, total loss 90. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and Sth Conf, Cav. 354 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Mill Cr., Tenn., Jan. 8. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i.— Fed- eral, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Ca v., and 8th Con f. Cav. Off Texas, Hatteras, and Albemarle, Tenn. , Jan. 1 1. Ad. Semmes. — Federal; loss 2 k, 3 w, no m. Harding Pike, Tenn., Jan. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; loss i w. — Fed- eral, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Harpeth Shoals, Tenn.. Jan. 13. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5.— Federal, total loss 650. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Mill Cr., Tenn., Jan. 23. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2.— Federal, total loss 85. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Near Smyrna, Tenn., Jan. 26. Gen. Jos. Wheeler. — Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Iron Furnace, etc., Tenn., Feb. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 16S.— Federal, total loss 136. Fort Donelson, Tenn., Feb. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 260.— Federal; loss 16 k, 60 w, 50 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 7th Cav., 3d Conf., and Forrest's Cav. Nolensville. Tenn., Feb. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 10. — Federal, total loss 45. Alabama troojis, ist, 3d Conf., and 3d, 4th Cav. Murfreesboro Pike, Tenn., Mar. 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Brentwood, Franklin, Tenn., Mar. 25. Gen. Forrest; loss 4 k. 4 w. 25 m. — Federal ; loss 4 k. 19 w, 40 m. Alabama troops, Forrest's Cav., and -th, 53d Cav. Woodbury, Tenn.. April i. Gen Jos. Wheeler; total loss 15. — Fed- eral, Gen. Gran;.;er; total loss 13. Alabama troops, ist, 3d Cav. Hadley's Bend and Hurricane Cr., Tenn., April 10. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 8. — Federal, Gen. Granger; total loss 320. Alabama troops, 1st, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Bear Cr., Ala., April 17. Gen. Roddey; loss 6 k, 20 w.— Federal; loss 26 w, 16 ra. Alabama troops, Roddey's Cav. Cumberland R., Tenn., April 18. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i. — Federal, Col. Minty ; total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist and 3d Cav. Tuscumbia, Ala., April 24. Gen. Roddey. Alabama troops, Roddey's Cav. Ge CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 355 Streighfs raid, Tuscumbia, Ala., to Rome, Ga., April 27 to May 3. Gen. Forrest, 500.— Federal, Gen. Streight, 1,700; loss 12 k, 69 w, 1500 m. Alabama troops, 53d Cav. ; Julian's Battn. Town Cr., Ala., April 28. Gens. Forrest and Roddey; loss i k, 3 w.— Federal, Gen. G. M. Dodge. Alabama troops, Forrest's and Roddey's Cav. ■•s Gap, Sand Mt. and Black Warrior Cr., Ala., April 30 to May i. en. Forrest; loss 5 k, 50 w. — Federal, Gen. Streight; total loss 75. Alabama troops, 53d Cav., and Julian's Battn. Port Gibson, Miss., May i. Gen. J. S. Bowen, 7,000; loss 1150 k and w, 500 m.— Federal, Gens. Grant and McClemand, 20,000; loss 130 k, 7iS w, 5 m. Alabama troops, 20th, 23d, 30th, 31st, 37th, 46th Inf. ; Wade's Batty. Woodbury, Tenn., May 12. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Fed- eral ; total loss g. Alabama troops, parts of ist Cav., and 3d Conf. Cav. Jackson. Miss., :\Iay 14. Gen. Johnston, 9,000; total loss 845.— Fed- eral, Gen. Grant; loss 42 k, 251 w, 7 m. Alabama troops, 32d, 41st, 54th, 55th Inf.; 2d Cav.; ist Conf. Battn. Inf. ; Nelson's and Waddell's Battrs. Baker's Cr., Miss., May 16. Gen. Pemberton, 25,000; loss 2000k and w, iSoo m.— Federal, Gen. Grant, 15,000; loss426k, 1842 w, iSgm. Alabama troops, 20th, 23d, 27th, 30th, 31st, 35th, 37th, 40th, 42d, 46th, 54th, 55th Inf. Big Black, Miss., May 17. Gen. Pemberton, 4,000; loss 600 k :md w, 2500 m. — Federal, Gen. Grant; loss 39 k, 237 w, 3 m. Alabama troops, 23d Inf. Siege of Vicksburg, Miss., May iS to July 4. Gen. J. C. Pemberton, 30,581; loss 1260 k, 3572 \v, 4227 m.— Federal, Gen. Grant and Adml. Porter, 75.000 and about 85 boats; loss 545 k, 3688 w, 303 m. Alabama troops, 20th, 23d, 27th, 30th, 31st, 35th, 37th, 40th, 42d, 46th, 54tb, 55th Inf. ; Emanuel's, Waddell's, Sengstak's, 20th Battn. Art. Plain Stores, Port Hudson Plains, La., May 21. Gen. Beall; total loss 89. — Federal, Gen. Auger; loss 19 k. Si w, 51 m. Alabama troi'jis. ist, 49th Inf. Siege of Port Hudson, La., May 27 to July 9. Gen. F. Gardner, 7,000; loss 176 k, 447 w, 5500 m.— Federal, Adml. Farragut and Gen. Banks, navy and 14,000; loss 70S k, 3336 w, 319 m. Alabama troops, ist, 27th, 31st, 49th, and 6th Battn. Inf. UniontONvn, Tenn., June 23. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20. — Federal, Gen. Stanley; total loss 170. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 4th, 51st Cav., ist Conf. Inf. Hoover's Gap, Tenn., June 24. Gen. Bate, i brigade; loss 10 k, 50 w.— Federal, Col. J. E. Wilder, i brigade; loss 61 \v. Alabama troops, 9th Battn., and Eufaula Batty. Liberty Gap, Tenn., June 25. Gen. B. Johnson, 2 brigades.— Federal, Col. J. F. Miller; loss 40 w, 100 m. Alabama troops, iSth, 36th, 3Sih, and gth Battn. Inf. 356 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Guy's Gap, Tenn., June 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 41. — Fed- eral, Gens. Granger and Stanley; total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of 7th, 51st Cav. Shelbyville Pike, Tenn., June 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; totalloss 30.— Federal, Col. Minty; total loss 7;. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 5th Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Shelbyville, Tenn., June 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; totalloss 260.— Federal, Gens. Granger and Stanley; total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 5th Cav., and 1st, 8th Conf. Cav. TuUahoma, Tenn., June 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9. — Fed- eral, Gen. Stanley; total loss £0. Alabama troops, parts of rst, 3d Cav., and 3th Conf. Cav. Manchester Rd., Tenn., June 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5. — Federal, Gen. Stanley; total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Allisonia, Tenn., June 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20.— Federal, Geu. Stanley; total loss no. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. New Church, Tenn., July i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 25.— Fed- eral, Gen. Stanley; total loss 120. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 5 ist Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Elk River, Tenn., July 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 30.— Fed- eral, (ien. Stanley; total loss 150. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. Near Winchester, Tenn., Julys. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3. — Federal, Gen. Stanley; total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav. University PL, Tenn., July 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 11.— Federal, Gen. Stanley ; total loss 100. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 4th, 51st Cav. luka, Miss., July 7 tog. Col, Roddey.— Federal, loss 5 k, 3 w, 3 m. Alabama troops, Roddey's 4th Cav. J Near Corinth, July 7 109. Col. Roddey; loss 2 k.— Federal, total ; loss 21. Alabama troops, Roddey's 4th Cav. ^ Jackson, Miss.. July 9 to 16. Gen. Jos. E. Johnston; loss 71 k, 504 w, 25 m. — Federal, Gen. Sherman ; loss 100 k, Soo w, 100 m. Alabama troops, 32d, 40th, 41st Inf. ; ist Conf. Battn. Inf. ; 2d, 3d, nth Cav.; Gid. Nelson's Batty. Canton, Miss., July 18. Gen. W. H. Jackson; total loss 72.— Fed- eral, loss 5 k, 20 w. Alabama troops, 32d, 40th, 41st Inf. ; ist Conf. Battn. Inf. ; 2d. 3d, nth Cav. ; Gid. Nelson's Batty. Capcrton's Ferry, Ala., Aug. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of 3d Conf., and 51st Cav. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 357 Wills' Valley, Ala.. Aug. 31- Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.-Fed- eral. total loss 20. , , . ^ Alabama troops, parts of 3d Conf.. and 51st Cav. Wills- Cr . Ala., Sept. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.-Federal, total loss 28. Alabama troops, parts of 3d Conf., and stst Cav. Davis Gap, Ala.. Sept. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7.-Federal. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and 3d Conf. Cav. Tap's Gap, Ala., Sept i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 25.-Fed- eral, total loss 150. , ,^ r r- Alabama troops, parts of ist Cav., and 3d Loot. uav. McNeil's Gap, Ala., Sept. 1. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss g.-Fed- eral, total loss 40. , ^ ^ r ^ Alabama troops, parts of ist Cav., and 3d Conf. Cav. Alpine, Ga., Sept. 12. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 55-— Federal, total loss 200. Alabama troops, part of 3d Cav. Near Summerville, Ga., Sept. 13. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss lo. —Federal, total loss 15. , , ^ r ^ Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Near LaFayette, Ga., Sept. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 60.— Federal, total loss II. , , ^ r r- Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Tryon Factory, Ga., Sept. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7. — Federal, total loss 55. . ^ r o Alabama troops, parts of ist, 51st Cav., and 8th Cont. l^av. Alabama Rd., Ga., Sept. 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Fed- eral, total loss 35. ,, r ^ Alabama troops, parts of 3d, 4th Cav., and ist Conf. Cav. McLcmore's Cove, Ga., Sept. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6a —Federal, total lobS 200. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 8th Conf., and ist, 3d, 5 ist Cav Owen's Ford, Ga., Sept. 18. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20.— Federal, total loss 150. , i r- Alabama troops, parts of ist, 8th Conf., and ist, 3d, 51st L-av. Chickaraauga, Sept. 19, 20. Gen. Bragg, 66,000; loss 23S.J k 13.412 w, 2003 m.— Federal. Gen. Rosecrans, 6g,ooo; loss 1656 k, Q749 '"'iikb'ama troops, 4th, 15th, i6th, iSth, 19th, 22d, 24th. 25th. 2Sth. 32d, 33d, 34th, 36th, 3Sth, 39th, 41st, 43d, 44th, 45th 47th, 4Sth, 50th, sSth Inf.; HiUiard's Legion; Gamty's. Fowler s. Dent s. Semple's and Kolb's Battrs. Chickaraauga, Sept. 19. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 375.— Fed- eral, total loss 3450. . Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 8th Conf., and ist, 3d, 4th, 5tn, 7th, 5ist, 53d Cav. Chattanooga Valley and Stevenson's Gap, Tenn., Sept. 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 40.— Federal, total loss 1500. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and Sth Conf. Cav. Chattanooga and Summertown, Tenn., Sept. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2S.— Federal, total loss 95. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav.. and ist Conf. Cav. 358 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Pt. Lookout. Tenn., Sept. 23. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.— Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Hiwassee, Tenn., Sept. 26. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2. — Fed- eral, total loss 66. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Cotton Port Ford, Tenn., Sept 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20.— Federal, total loss i6n. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 4th Cav., and 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Mountain Gap, Tenn., Oct. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2.— Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Pitt's Cross Rds., Tenn., Oct. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 4. — Federal, total loss go. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Anderson's Cross Rds., Tenn., Oct. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 60. — Federal, total loss 1300. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 1st, 8th Conf. Cav. Valley Rd., Tenn., Oct. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 46.— Fed- eral, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Near Dunlap, Tenn., Oct. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 22.— Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav Hill's Gap, Tenn.. Oct. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20.— Fed- . era], total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Thompson's Cool Sps. , Tenn., Oct. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; loss 6 k, 26 m. — Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 8tn Conf. Cav. McMinvillc, Tenn, Oct. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total less 7 —Fed- eral, total loss 5S7. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. McMinnville Rd., Tenn., Oct. 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss ib.— Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, yth, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Woodbury Rd., Tenn., Oct. 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 7th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Near Readyville, Tenn., Oct. ■;. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 4. — Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 7th, 51st Cav., and 8th Conf. C.iv. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 359 Stone River Stockade, Oct 5. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 4.— Federal, total loss 79. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Christiana, Fosterville, War Trace, Tenn., Oct. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Federal, total loss no. Alabama troops, parts o£ ist, 3d, 4th, 51st Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. ShelbyviUe, Tenn.. Oct. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.— Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, part of 7th Cav. Farmington, Tenn., Oct. 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 86. — Fed- eral, total loss 228. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav. , and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Sugar Cr., Tenn., Oct. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 48.— Fed- eral, total loss 25. Alabama troops, part of 3d Conf. Cav. Elk River, Tenn., Oct. g. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 10. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Tennessee River, Tenn., Oct. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i. — Federal, total loss 15. Alabama troops, part of ist Cav. Tishomingo, Miss., and Cave Cr., Ala., Oct. 20 to 26. Gen. S. D. Lee; loss 10 k, 30 w. — Federal; loss 31 k, 81 w. Alabama troops, parts of 2d and 51st Cav. Brown's Ferry and Wauhatchie, Tenn., Oct. 27. Gen. Longstreet; total loss 206. — Federal, loss 81 k, 360 w, 31 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 15th, 44th, 47th Inf. Rockford, Tenn., Nov. 14. G«n. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 300. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav. Marysville, Tenn., Nov. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Fed- eral, total loss 250. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav. Stock Cr., Tenn., Nov. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7.— Fed- eral, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav. Holston River near Kno.xville, Tenn., Nov. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 22. — Federal, total loss 400. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 7th, 51st Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Loudon Cr., Tenn., Nov. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; loss 6 k, 10 w.— Federal, loss 4 k, 12 w. KnoxviUe Rd., Tenn., Nov. 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 27.— Federal, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 7th, 51st Cav., and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Campbell's Station, Tenn., Nov. 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Fedei-al, toul loss 35. Alabama trouos, parts of ist, 3d, 4th, 7th, 51SI Cav.. and ist, 8th Conf. Cav. 360 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Campbell's Station, Tenn., Nov. i6. Gen. Longstreet; total loss 300. — Federal, total loss 300. Alabama troops, 43d, 59th, 60th Inf. Siege of Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 17 to 23. Gen. Longstreet, 20,000; loss 182 k, 763 w, 192 m; also. Gen. Wheeler; total loss igo.— Fed- eral, Gen. Burnside, 12,000; loss 92 k, 394 w, 207 m. Alabama troops, 15th, 31st, 47ih, 48th, 59th, 6oth, and Stallworth's Inf.; ist, 3d, 4th, 7th, 51st Cav. ; ist, 8th Conf. Cav. ; Kolb's Batty. Chattanooga, or Missionary Ridge, Nov. 23 to 25. Gen. Bragg; loss 361 k, 2180 w, 4146 m. — Federal, Gen. Grant, 60,000; loss 752 n, 4713 w, 350 m. Alabama troops, Ketchum's, Waters', Eufaula, Fowler's, Semple's, Kolb's, Robertson's Battrs. ; parts of 3d, 8th, loth, Conf. Cav.; i6th, 19th, 2uth, 24th, 25th, 28th, 32d, 33d, 34th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 42d, 45th, 46th, 50th, 58th Inf. Kingston, Tenn., Nov. 24. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 50. — Fed- eral, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 4th Cav., and 8th Conf. Cav. Chickamauga Sta., Tenn., Nov. 25. Total loss 10. — Federal, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of 8th, loth Conf. Cav. Galesville Rd., Tenn., Nov. 26. Total loss 20. — Federal, total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of 8th, loth Conf. Cav. Ringgold, Tean., Nov. 27. Total loss 65.— Federal, total loss 15a Alabama troops, parts of 8th, loth, and 3d Conf. Cav. Fort Sanders, Nov. 29. Gen. Longstreet, 3 brigades; loss 80 k, 400 \v, 300 m. — Feiieral, Gen. Burnside, 1,300; loss 20 k, 3o w. ■ Alabama troops, isih, 31st, 47th, 48th, 59th, (lOih Inf.; Stall- worth's Battn. ; Kolb's Batty. Cleveland Rd., Tenn., Nov 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6. — Federal, total loss 45. Alabama troops, parts of 3d, 8th, loth Conf. Cav. Morristown, Tenn., Dec. 10. Gen. Longstreet; loss 12 k, 20 w. — Federal, Gen. Garrard. Al.ibama troops, 15th, 59th, Goth, and Stallworth's Battn. Inf. Bean's Sta., Tenn., Dec. 14. Gen. Longstreet; total loss 290.— Federal, total loss 700. Alabama troops, 15th, 59th, 60th, and Stallworth's Battn. Inf. Cleveland, Tenn.. Dec. 22. Maj. 'WTiite.— Federal ; loss i k; toUl loss 6. Alabama troops, part of ist Conf. Cav. Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28. Gen. Wheeler; total loss 57.— Fed- eral, Col. Laibold; total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of 3d, 8th, loth Conf. Cav. Cleveland, Tenn., Dec. 29. Gen. Wheeler; total loss i.— Federal, total loss 2 3. Alabama troops, parts of ist, Sth Conf Cav.' CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 361 1864. Near Chattanooga, Jan. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 21. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 8th Conf. Cav. Athens, Ala., Jan. 25. Col. Johnson; loss 30 w. — Federal; loss 20 w. Alabama troops, 4th Cav. Florence, Ala., Jan. 26. Col. Roddey; loss 30 m. — Federal, Col. A. O. Miller; loss 10 w. Alabama troops, Roddey's Cav. Fair Gardens, Tenn., Jan. 27. Gen. Martin; loss 65 k, 100 m. — Federal, total loss 100. Alabama troops, Martin's Cav. Tunnel Hill, Ga., Jan. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; loss 32 w. — Federal; loss 2 w. Alabama troops, Wheeler's Cav. Tunnel Hill, Ga., Jan. 28. Gens. Stewart and Hindman. Alabama troops, Stewart's and Hindman's Inf. Chickamauga Cr., Ga,, Jan. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler. — Federal, total loss 28. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Sherman's expedition from Vicksburg to Meridian, Miss., Feb. 3 to Mar. 5. Gen. L Polk; total loss 200. — Federal, Gen. Sherman, 20,000; loss 21 k, 68 w, 81 m. Alabama troops, 17th, 27th, 30th, 31st, 35th, 54th, 55th Inf. ; 2d, 4th, nth, 52d Cav. Champion Hill, Baker's Cr., and Bolton Depot, Miss., Feb. 4. Gen. S. D. Lee; loss 10 k. 30 w. — Federal, loss 16 k, 40 w, 7 m. Alabama troops, 32d Inf. ; 2d, 56th Cav. Clinton and Jackson, Miss., Feb. 5. Gen. S. D. Lee; loss 10 k, 35 w. — Fedenil; loss 7 k, 30 w, 13 m. Alabama troops, 32d Inf. ; 2d, 56th Cav. Smith's raid. West Point, Miss., Feb. 21 to Mar. 8. Gen. Forrest, 2,500. — Federal, Gen. W. Sooy Smith, 7,000; loss 47 k, 152 w, 120 m. Alabama troops, Russell's 4th Cav. ; nth Cav. Stone Church, Ga., Feb. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5.— Fed- eral, total loss 40. Alabama troops, part of loth Conf. Cav. Tunnel Hill Rd.,Ga., Feb. 23. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9.— Federal, total loss 45. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d Conf. Cav. Tunnel Hill, Ga., Feb. 24. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7.— Fed- era!, total loss 36. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Mill Cr., Ga,, Feb. 24. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 16.— Federal, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 8th Conf. Cav. Bu7.zard's Ronst, Ga., Feb. 25. Gen. . Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20. — Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, Sth Conf. Cav. 1! 362 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Rockv Face, Ga., Feb. 25. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 34._Feth Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's. Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Myrack's Mill. Ga., Nov. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 35.— Federal, total loss 130. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 373 Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Hall's FeiT)', Ga., Nov. 24. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2. — Fed- eral, total loss 20. •Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Oconee, Ga., Nov. 25. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7. — Federal, total loss 90. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Sandersville, Ga. , Nov. 25. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Fed- eral, total loss 70. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Ogechee, Ga., Nov. 26. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2. — Federal, total loss 48. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Sylvan Grove, Ga., Nov. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9. — Federal, total loss 70. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Swampy Cr., Ga. , Nov. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6. — Fed- eral, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. River Cr., Ga., Nov. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3. — Federal, total loss 25. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Hill, Ga., Nov. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 4.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Whitehead's, Ga., Nov. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 4.— Fed- eral, total loss 25. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Waynesboro, Ga., Nov. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; 'total loss is. — Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d. 56th Cav. ; 24th Battn. Cav. ; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Near Waynesboro, Ga., Nov. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3. — Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of 2d, 53d, 56th Cav.; 24th Battn. Cav.; Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Carter's, Ga., Nov. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss la — Fed- eral, total loss 42. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav. ; Inge's. Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Cross Rds., Ga., Nov. 28.' Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Fed- eral, total loss 70. 374 CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav.. and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Buckhead Church, Ga., Nov. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2s. — Federal, total loss 150. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d. 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Buckhead Cr., Ga., Nov. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 24.— Federal, total loss 120. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, zd, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Reynolds' Farm, Ga., Nov. 28. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 74.— Federal, total loss 250. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Near Louisville, Ga., Nov. 29. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Louisville Rd.. Ga., Nov. 30. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3.— Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Shady Grove, Ga., Dec. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5. — Fed- eral, total loss 23. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Rock Cr. Church, Ga., Dec. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9.— Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Thomas Sta., Ga., Dec. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler. — Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Waj-nesboro, Ga.,Dec. 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 90.— Fed- eral, total loss 170. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Statebnro. Ga., Dec. 5. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2.— Federal, total loss 32. Alabama tr.)ops, p.arts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Near Jacksboro, Ga., Dec 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 10. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Black Cr., Ga., Dec. 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss i.— Federal, total loss 15. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Savannah River, Dec. 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 11. — Fed- eral, total loss 80. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 375 Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Swamp, Ga., Dec. 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12.— Federal, total loss go. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Gravestein's, Ga., Dec. 8. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 3. — Federal, total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Ebenezer Church, Ga., Dec. 8. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of the rst, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Engagement of rear guard, Dec. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler ; total loss 4. — Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrm's and Miller's regiments. Middleground Rd., Ga., Dec. 10. Gen. Jos. Wheeler.— Federal, total loss 25. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Near Springfield, Dec. 10. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 2.— Fed- eral, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Siege of Savannah, Ga. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 128.— Federal, total loss 280. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 2d, 3d, 7th, 51st, 56th Cav., and Inge's, Perrin's and Miller's regiments. Lawrenceburg-, Tenn., Nov. 22. Gen. Forrest, io,ooo; total loss 50. — Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, 6th, 12th Cav. Mt. Pleasant, Nov. 23. Gen. Forrest; loss 5 k, 30 w.— Federal, Gen. Stanley; loss 20 k, 100 w, 60 m. Alabama troops, Chalmers' division and Forrest's escort Campbellville and Lynnville, Tenn., Nov. 24. Alabama troops, 6th, 12th Cav. Columbia, Tenn., Nov. 29. Gen. Pettus. Alabama troops, 2ijth, 23d, 30th, 31st, 46th Inf. Spring Hill, Tenn., Nov. 29. Gen. Hood, 40,000; loss 1750k. — Fed eral. Gen. Schofield, 28,000. Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30. Gen. Hood, 40,000; loss 1750 k. 3S00 w 702 m.— Federal, 28,000; loss iSq k, 1033 \v, 1104 m. Confederate troops, Cheatham's and Stewart's corps, and Gen Ed. Johnson's division, army of Tennessee. Skirmishing before Nashville, Tenn., Dec. i to 14. Gen. Hood 30,000. — Federal, Gen. Thomas, 55.000; loss 16 k, 100 w. Confederate troops, Cheatham's and Stewart's corps, and Gen F,d. Johnson'.-; divi.^ion, army of Tcnnessef. Murfreesboro, Tenn., Dec. 5 to S. Gen. Forrest; total loss 197.— Federal, Gen. Rousseau; total loss 175. 376 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Confederate troops, Forrest's Cav. Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 15-16. Gen. Hood, 23,053; total loss 15000 — Federal, Gen. Thomas, 70,000; loss 400 k, 1740 w. Alabama troops, ist, i6th, iSth, igth, 20th, 22d, 24th, 25th, 26th. 27th, 28th, 29th, 3olh, 31st, 32d, 33d, 34lh, 35th, 36th, 3Sth, -,9thi 45th, 46lh. 49th, 50th, 57th, 53th Inf. ; 7th Cav. ; Dent's, Mcken- zie's, Kolb's, Selden's, Tarrant's, Lumsden's, Phelan's, Gold- thwaite's Battrs. Hollow Tree Gap, Tenn., Dec. 17. Gen. Hood; total loss 413. Alabama troops, i8th, igth, 22d, 25th, 32d, 36th, 38th, 39th, 50th, 58th Inf., and McKenzie's Batty. Franklin, Tenn.. Dec. 17. Gen. Hood; total loss 1800. Alabama troops, army of Tennessee, as at Nashville. Pine Barren Cr., Fla., Dec. 17 to 19. Gen. Maury. — Federal, loss 7 k, 32 \v, 10 m. Alabama troops, 15 th Conf. Cav. Anthony's Hill. Tenn., Dec. 25. Gen. Hood; loss 15 k, 40 w.— Fed- eral, Gen. Thomas; total loss 200. Alabama troops. 7th Cav. ; Kolb's, Lumsden's Battrs. Sugar Cr., Tenn., Dec. 26. Gen. Hood.— Federal, Gen. Thomas; loss 400 k and w, 100 m. Alabama troops, 7th Cav. ; Kolb's, Lumsden's Battrs. Pond Spring, Ala., Dec. 29. Loss i k, 2 w, 45 m.— Federal, loss i k. 1865. Scottsboro, Ala., Jan. 8. Loss i k, 5 w, 5 m. Savannah Rd., S. C, Jan. 19. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12.— Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth • Conf. Cav. Pocotaligo Rd., S. C. Jan. 20. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 18.— Federal, total loss 45. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Combahee Rd., S. C, Jan. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 11.— Federal, total loss 30. Alabama -troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Robertsville Rd.. S. C, Jan. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 19. — Federal, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of the 1st, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Robertsville, S. C, Jan. 27. Gen. Jos. Wheeler, total loss i?.— Federal, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d. loth Conf, Cav. Near McBride's Bridge, Feb. i. Gen. Jos. AVheeler; total loss 17 — Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, paits of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 377 Hickory Hill, S. C, Feb. l. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; toUl loss 19.— Fed- eral, total loss 40. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, 10th Conf. Cav. Leper's Cross Rds., S. C, Feb. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 48. — Federal, total loss 120. Alabama troops, parts of the 1st, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Lawtonville Rd., S. C, Feb. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 17.— Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, lotb Conf. Cav. Lawtonville, S. C, Feb. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20.— Fed- eral, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. . . y Swamp, S. C, Feb. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 10. — Fed"eral, total loss 50. AJabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Hayward's, S. C, Feb. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9.— Fed- eral, total loss 28. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Duck Cr. Rd., S. C Feb. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 17.— Federal, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Rivers' and Bra.xton's Bridges, S. C, Feb. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 45.— Federal, total loss 148. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d. 5:st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Spnngtown, S. C, Feb. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 14.— Fed- eral, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Salkahatchie Rd., S. C, Feb. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 15.— Federal, total loss 70. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, "Jist Cav., and 3d, loth Conf, Cav. Grah.-'.ni's Turnout, S. C, Feb. 6. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 4- —Federal, total loss 38. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. BlackweM's, S. C, Feb. 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 19.— Fed- eral, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Binnaker's Bridge Rd., S. C, Feb. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total lops II.— Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d. 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. 378 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Orangeburg Rd., S. C, Feb. lo. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss lo— Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Aiken, S. C, Feb. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 50.— Federal, total loss 300. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Black Cr., defending Columbia, S. C, Feb. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 19. — Federal, total loss 170. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Columbia Rd., S. C, Feb. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 31.— Federal, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Congaree Cr., S. C, Feb. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 33.— Federal, total loss 75. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Saluda River, S. C, Feb. 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12.— Federal, total loss 4S. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Broad River. S. C, Feb. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 17.— Fed- eral, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Winnsboro, S. C, Feb. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 9. — Federal, total loss 45. Alabama troops, parts of the 1st, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Winnsboro. S. C, Feb. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of the ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Sack of Columbia. S. C, Feb. 16 and 17. Gens. Hampton and Wheeler. — Federal, Gen. Lot;an; loss 20 w. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, 8th, loth Conf. Cav. ; Jeff. Davis Legion, Wadesboro, S. C, Feb. 19. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 13.— Fed- eral, total loss no. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Youngsville, S. C, Feb. 20. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 10. —Federal, total loss 95. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf Cav. Chesten-ille, S. C, Feb. 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 14 — Federal, total loss 125. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 379 Lansford, S. C, Feb. 24. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 1 6.— Fed- eral, toUl loss 60. . Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Cent. Cav. Cane Cr., S. C, Feb. 26. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 40.— Fed- eral, total loss 220. Alabama troops, parts of ist. 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Wilson's store, S. C, Mar. i. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 19. — Federal, total loss 80. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Lexington, S. C, Mar. 2. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 16.— Fed- eral, total loss 120. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Monroe. S. C, Mar. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 11.— Federal, total loss So. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, srst Cav., and 3d, loth Cent. Cav. Cross Rds., S. C, Mar. 3. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12.— Federal, total loss 65. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Hornsboro, S, C, Mar. 4. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 22.— Fed- eral, toUl loss go. . r^ c Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Lont. Cav. Near Wadesboro, S. C, Mar. 5. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 19.— Federal, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Rockingham, S. C, Mar. 7. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Federal, total loss 35. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav.. and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Rockingham, S. C, Mar. 9. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 7. —Federal, total loss 56. , ^^ - Alabama troops, narls of ist, 3d. cist Cav., and 3d, loth Lont. Cav. Near Jacksonville, S. C, Mar. lo. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6;. — Federal, total loss 480. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Fayetteville, S. C, Mar. 11. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 13.— Federal, total loss 45. ^, r- s Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conl. Cav. Near Neuse, S. C, Mar. 12. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 6.— Fed- er.il, tot;xl los^; 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, )oth tuni. Cav. 380 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. River Rd., S. C, Mar. 13. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 17.— Fed- eral, total loss 25. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Silver Run, S. C, Mar. 13. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 14.— Fed- eral, total loss 60. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Pine Woods, S. C, Mar. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 12. — Federal, total loss 50. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Smith's Hill, S. C, Mar. 14. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 14.— Federal, total loss 20. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Black River, S. C, Mar. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 5.— Fed- eral, total loss 42. Alabama troops, parts of 1st, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Black River. S. C, Mar. 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 14. — Federal, total loss 6g. Alabama troops, parts of ist. 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Averasboro, N. C, Mar. 16. Gen. Hardee, 3 divisions; loss 108 k. 540 w, 217 m. — Federal, Gen. Slocum, 3 divisions; loss 77 k, 477 w. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. ; Jeff. Davis Legion. Near Averasboro, N. C, Mar. 16. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss III. — Federal, Gen. Kilpatrick; total loss 270. Alabama troops, parts of tst, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Near Mingo Cr., N. C, Mar. 17. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; toUl loss 16, — Federal, total loss 30. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Boyd's Sta., Ala., Mar. i8. — Federal, loss 5 k. i m. Bentonville, N. C, Mar. 19 to 21. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 157. — Federal, total loss 395. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Mill Cr., N. C. Mar. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 20.— Fed- eral, total loss 48. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. B'ack Ct, N. C, Mar. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 10.— Fed- eral, total loss 38. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Goldsboro Rd.. Xahunta Swamp. Little River, X. C, Mar. 22. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 28. — Federal, total loss 236. ' CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 381 Alabama troops, parts of ist, sd, 51st Cav., and 3d, loth Cont. Cav. Kinston, N. C, Mar. 19.— Federal, Gen. Schoneld. Alabama troops, 34th Inf. BentonviUe, N. C, Mar. 19 to 21. Gen. Johnston, 10,000; loss 239 k, 1694 w, 673 m.— Federal, Gen. Sherman, 60,000; loss 191 k. 1168 ^Alabariia troops, ist, i6th-45th, 17th, 19th, 20th, 22d-(25th. 39th, 50th), 23d, 24th, 28th, 34lh, 27th-(35th, 49th. 55th, 57th), 29th, 30th, 37th-(42d, 54th) Inf. Pine Barren Cr., Ala., Mar. 25. Gen. Maury; loss 275 m.— Federal, Gen. Steele ; loss 2 k, 10 w. Alabama troops, 15th Conf., and 8th Cav. reserves. Spanish Fort, Ala., Mar. 26 to April 8. Gen. Gibson; loss 93 k, 395 w 250 m.— Federal, Gen. Canby, 32,000; loss 100 k, 695 w. 'Alabama troops, i3th, 21st, 32d, 36th, 371!;, 38th, 58th Inf.; Ketchum's, Lumsden's Battrs. Wilson's raid, Ala. and Ga., Mar. 22 to April 24- Gen. Forrest; loss 1200 k and w, 6820 m.— Federal, Gen. Wilson, 12,500; loss 99 'llablma troops, 4th, 5th, 7th, 8th, nth Cav., and State reserves. Montevallo, etc, Ala., :Mar. 31. Gen. Adams; total loss 100.— Fed- eral Gen. Upton, i division; loss 12 k, 30 m. Alabama troops, 4th, 5th, -tb, 8th Cav. Trion, Ala., April i. Gen. Jackson.-Federal, Gen. Croxton, I brigade; loss 3 k, 10 w, 20 m. Alabama troops, 5th Cav. Mt Pleasant, Ala., April i. Gen. Forrest, 1,500; total loss 63.— Federal, Gen. Wilson; loss 5 w. Centreville, Ala., April i. Gen. Jackson; total loss I5.-Federal, Gen. Croxton. Alabama troops, 4th, 5th, 7th, 8th Cav. Bogler's Cr., Ala., April 6. Gen. Forrest, 7.000; loss 1500 ra.— Fed- eral, Gen. Wilson ; loss 30 k, 60 w. Alabama troops, 5th Cav, Selma, Ala., April 2. Gen. Forrest, 7.000; loss 1500 m.-Federal, Geu. Wilson, 9,000; loss 42 k, 270 vv-, 7 m, Alabama tro. :)s, 4th, 5th, 7th, nth Cav. Scottsville, Ala., April 2. Gen. Jackson; loss 3 k, 10 v,-.— Federal, Gen. Wilson ; loss i k, 8 w, 6 m. Alabama troops, 5th Cav. Northport, Ala., April 3. Loss 60 m.-Federal, Gen. Wilson Tuscaloosa, Ala., April 4. Col. Garland ; loss 150 m.-Federal, Gen. Wilson. Alabama troops, corps of cadets. Sipsey Swamp, Ala., April 6. Gen. Wirt Adams.— Federal. G.-n. Wilson ; loss 4 k, 24 w, 30 m. Alabama troops, Adams' Cav. and reserves. Fort Blakclv, AKi,, April 9. Gen. Liddell; lo^s 500 k and w, 24'Xi ni.— Fede'ral, Gen, Canby, 31,000; loss' 189 k, \io\ w, 27 m, • Losses o£ Mobile campaiKn. 382 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Alabama troops, Thomas' boy resen,'es, 6th Cav.. Tarrant's Batty., 15th Cont. Cav. Montgomery, Ala., April 12-13. Loss 50 m. — Federal, Gen. Wilsnn. /dabama troops, several companies of militia. Near Raleigh, HiUsboro Rd., MorrisviUe, Chapel Hill Rd., Crcc',. near Chapel Hill, N. C, Apnl 12 to 15. Gen. Jos. Wheeler; total loss 68. — Federal, total loss 290. Alabama troops, parts of ist, 3d, 51st Cav., 3d, loth Conf. Cav. Fort Tyler, Ala., April 16. Gen. R. C. Tyler, 265; loss 19 k. 2S w, 218 m. — Federal, Gen. Wil?on; loss 7 k, 29 w. Alabama troops, boys and convalescents. Columbus, Ga., April 16. 3,000; loss 1200 m. — Federal, Gen. Wilson ; loss 6 k. 24 \v. Macon, Ga., April 20. Loss 2193 surrendered. Mumford's Sta., Ala., April 23. Loss 150 surrendered. Greensboro, N. C, April 26. Gen. Johnston ; loss 29,924 surrendered. Confederate troops, army of Tennessee., Meridian, Miss., May 4. Gen. Taylor; loss 10,000 surrendered. Confederate troops, army of Mobile. IrwinsvUle. Ga., Mav 10. President Davis and escort; total loss 21. —Federal, Col. Pritchard; loss 2 k, 4 w. 1 BIOGRAPHICAL. -5rf ^ BIOGRAPHICAL. Major-General William Wirt Allen was born in ilont- gomery, Ala., in 1S35. His father, Wade Allen, went from South Carolina to Alabama in 181S and became a planter near Montgomery. His mother was a Jliss Sayre, sister of Daniel Sayre, a prominent citizen of Mont- gomery county. With a preparatory education in tlie schools of his own city, young Allen entered Princeton college. New Jersey. After graduation he studied law, but with no view of practicing. He preferred the life of a planter, and in that employment was engaged when the South 's call to arms aroused her sons from the sea- board to the mountains. The enthusiasm with which our people, from beardless youths to grayhaired sires. responded to that call has seldom, if ever, been equaled in the history of this world. Without the least hesitation young men of education and fortune marched and fought I in the ranks by the side of the poor and ignorant, and : were proud of the sacrifice thus made, submitting with- in out complaint to the hardships of a soldier's lite, and I obeying without a tinge of shame the orders of men who I ^t home were their companions, and, in some instances, (.. their inferiors in social rank. Some of them, of course, d were fortunate enough to be elected by their comrades ^ ^o positions of command, but in the large armies brought into the field, the greater part were privates from first to last. Young Allen was one of the first to respond, and had the good fortune to be elected first lieutenant of the company of which General Clanton went out as captain. When the First Alabama cavalry was organized he was elected its major. This was some time after the company had enlisted, for many of the companies of cavalry at 386 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. first were not put into regiments. His commission as major dates from March i8, 1862. Later in the same- year he was promoted to be colonel of the regiment. He fought at Shiloh, and was engaged in the subsequent operations of that company. When the advance into Kentucky was made, he went as colonel of his regiment. At the battle of Perryville he received a slight wound. At Murfreesboro he commanded a brigade, and received a severe wound which disabled him for some time. On the 26th of November, 1864, he was commissioned brigadier-general, and took command of a brigade at Dalton, consisting of the First, Third, Fourth, Ninth, Twelfth and Fifty-first regiments of Alabama cavalry, Wheeler's corps, army of Tennessee. He was in charge of this brigade through all the arduous duties of the mounted men in the Atlanta campaign. In August, 1864, Crews' Georgia brigade was added to his command, and subsequently Anderson's Confederate brigade. At the head of this division he, under the command of Wheeler, followed Sherman in his march through Georgia and in the Carolinas, earning by his fidelity to duty the com- mission of major-general, conferred upon him in 1865. He surrendered at Salisbury, N. C, May 3, 1865. Returning home he devoted himself to agriculture. For several years he was adjutant-general of the State. As a soldier he was cool and fearless in danger and tireless in the performance of duty. As a citizen he was cordial in man- ner and of ardent public spirit. In peace,- as well as in war, he merited and received the confidence and esteem of his people. He died at Sheffield, Ala., November 21, 1894. His wife was a sister of Col. Charles P. Ball, of Montgomery county. Brigadier-General Alpheus Baker was born at Clover Hill, Abbeville district, S. C, May 28, 1828. His father, an eminent teaclier and scholar, was a native of Massachusetts, and his mother, a Miss Courtney, a native CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 387 of Ireland. Alpheus Baker was educated by his father, and he began to teach school himself before he was six- teen years old. He was successful in this profession at Abbeville, S. C. , then in Lumpkin, Ga., and lastly in Glennville, Barbour county, Ala., where he settled in 1848. Meanwhile he had been studpng law. Being admitted to the bar in 1849, he opened his office in Eufaula and began to practice. His success was wonderful. In 1856 he accompanied Major Buford to Kansas, and returned to rouse the people to the importance of making Kansas a slave State, thinking that this would restore the equilibrium between the free and the slave States, and prevent the inevitable conflict between the two sec- tions. In 1 86 1 he represented Barbour county in the constitutional convention, but resigned his seat to go into the army, as captain of the Eufaula Rifles, which he led to Pensacola. This company had on its rolls at Pensacola the names of fifty persons who afterward became officers. In November he went to Fort Pillow, above ISIemphis, where he was elected colonel of a regiment made up of Tennessee, Mississippi and Alabama troops. This regi- ment was in the siege of New Madrid, and was captured at Island No. 10, April 10, 1862. In September of that same year Colonel Baker was exchanged, together with his regiment. At that time four Alabama companies took the place of the four from Tennessee, and the regi- ment, under the name of the Fifty-fourth Alabama, gladly received Alpheus Baker as its colonel. It fought at Fort Pemberton, on the Yazoo, where General Loring com- manded, and at Baker's Creek, where Colonel Baker was wounded in the foot. On March 5, 1864, he was assigned to brigade command of the Thirty-seventh, Fortieth, Forty-second, and Fifty-fourth Alabama regiments. He led this brigade through the entire campaign, from Dalton to Atlanta. At Resaca his horse was killed under him, and near Allanta he was slightly wounded, at the battle of Ezra Church, July 28th. 388 CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY. Baker and his brigade were next near Mobile in the department of the Gulf. In January, 1865, they went to the Carolinas to engage in what proved the final campaign, and at Bentonville, though numbering only 350 muskets, captured 204 of the enemy. Upon the return of peace General Baker gave his whole attention to the practice of law. He was an able orator, who pleased by his eloquence and humor, and convinced by his argu- ment. In 1878 he removed to Louisville, where he soon made many new friends, and at once took rank among the foremost of the bar of Kentucky. General Baker was a brave soldier, a strong lawyer, an accomplished gentle- man, and a devout Christian. His useful and honorable career came to a close by his death at Louisville, Ky., October 2, 1891. Major-General CuUen Andrews Battle, the second son of Dr. Cullen Battle and Jane A. (Lamon) Battle, natives of North Carolina, was born in Powelton, Ga. , June i, 1829, and removed with his parents to Irwinton (now Eufaula), Ala., in 1836. In 185 1 he was married to Miss Georgia F. Williams, of LaGrange, Cia. , who died at Petersbnr;.;, Va., November 6, 1895. Of the children by this mar- riage there survive Rev. Henry W. Battle, D. D., of Petersburg, and Miss Jennie L. Battle. General Battle was admitted to the practice of law in 1852, and in 1S56 was a sub-elector on the Buchanan ticket. In the Ala- bama Democratic Statu convention of i860 he was, ow motion of William L. Yancey, made elector for the Mont- gomery district and delegate to the Charleston conven- tion, and subsequently he canvassed Alabama, and visited the cities of Charleston, New York, Boston and Philadel- phia in company with Mr. Yancey. Upon the capture of Harper's Ferry by John Brown, Mr. Battle organized the Tuskegee light infantry, purchased arms and uni- forms, and, six days later, in concert with Peyton H. Col- quitt, captain of the Columbus light city guards, tendered CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 389 his services to Gov. Henry A. Wise, receiving in answer the message, "Virginia can defend herself. " The State of Alabama immediately began the organization of the "Alabama Volunteer Corps," to consist of ten regi- ments. But two were actually formed, the First, with headquarters at Mobile, and the Second, at Montgomery. The Tuskegee light infantry was assigned to the Second regiment, of which Tennent Lomax was elected colonel, Cullen A. Battle, lieutenant-colonel, and Samuel Marks, major. On January 8, 1861, by order of Gov. A. B. Moore, the First regiment was sent against Fort Morgan and the Mount Vernon arsenal, and at the same time the ■Second regiment was ordered to report at Pensacola to General Chase, commander of Florida troops, and partici- pated in the seizure of the Warrington navy yards and the forts on the Florida coast. The Second regiment captured the navy yard, and Forts Barrancas and McRae on January loth and nth, and soon afterward General Chase, Colonel Lomax and Lieutenant-Colonel Battle tele- graphed to Senator Jefferson Davis, at Washington, for advice as to the propriety of an attack upon Fort Pickens, and received the reply: "In the present condition of affairs Pickens is not worth one drop of blood. " Not long after this the Alabama legislature passed the ordinance of secession, and at the same time annulled all military com- missions previously issued above the rank of captain. Lomax and Battle immediately t'houldered muskets and served as privates until the Confederacy was formed ; and the station at Barrancas was taken by the First Alabama regiment of twelve-months' men, under Col. Henry D. Cla)rton, a command which included among its privates James L. Pugh, since United States senator. The Third Alabama regiment was at once organized from the com- panies which had served at Mobile and Pensacola, and its officers elected were Jones M. AVithers, of Jtlobile, colonel ; Tennent Lomax, of Montgonier)', lieutenant-colonel, and Cullen A. Battle, of Tuskegee, major. The Second 390 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. battalion, under Major Battle, was ordered to Virginia, and early in April reported to Lieut. -Col. E. Kirby Smith, commanding at Lynchburg. Being joined a few days later by the other battalion, under Lomax, the re^i. ment was mustered into the Confederate service, by Colo- nel Smith, about April 12, 1861. The regiment was soon ordered to Norfolk, reporting to Major-General Gwynn, and during the Confederate occupation of that post, Col- onel Withers was promoted and sent west, and Lomax became colonel, and Battle, lieutenant-colonel. The regi- ment was assigned to Mahone's brigade early in 1S62, and in that command participated in the battle of Seven Pines, where Colonel Lomax was killed, and the regiment suffered severely, but was highly complimented by Gener- als Mahone, Hill and Longstreet. Battle was now pro- moted colonel, and early in June his regiment was trans- ferred to General Rodes' brigade, in which the colonels ranked as follows : Twenty-sixth Alabama, Col. E. A. O'Neal; Sixth Alabama, Col. John B. Gordon; Fifth Alabama, Col. J. M. Hall; Twelfth Alabama, Colonel Gale; Third Alabama, Colonel Battle. On account of a wound received at Seven Pines, Colonel Battle was kept from the field until the Maryland campaign. In his re- port of the battles of Boonsboro and Sharpsburg, General Rodes wrote: "The men and officers behaved well, but Colonel Gordon's Sixth Alabama, Major Hobson's Fifth Alabama, and Colonel Battle's Third Alabama deserve special mention for admirable conduct during the whole fight." General Rodes recommended the promotion of Gordon and Battle, but the honor could be conferred upon one only, and fell to Gordon. Colonel Battle was slightly wounded at Sharpsburg, and during the battle of Fredericksburg he was seriously injured by his horse falling upon him. During the flank movement of Jack- son's corps at Chancellorsville, the colonel, still disabled, but anxious to participate in the fight, accompanied lii^^ regiment in an ambulance, and attempted to mount his r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 391 horse to lead his men in the attack, but was unable to keep his saddle, and was sent back to his ambulance by General Rodes. Mortified by his condition and fearing that his usefulness was ended, he sent forward his resig- nation, but it was disapproved by General Rodes, who renewed his recommendation of promotion, asking that Colonel Battle be assigned to the command of Rodes' brigade. He was able to take part in the Gettysburg campaign, and was distinguished in the fighting of July ist. General Rodes reported: "The whole brigade, with the exception of the Third Alabama, was repulsed quickly and with loss. ' ' General Ramseur wrote : ' ' Col- onel Battle, with the Third Alabama, rendered brilliant and valuable service. Attaching his regiment to my command, on his own responsibility, he came in at the right place at the right time and in the right way. ' ' General Ewell also mentioned the movement in compli- mentary terms. Colonel Battle was promoted brigadier- general on the field and assigned to command of Rodes' brigade. On the third day at Gettysburg he attacked the enemy at 4:30 in the morning by order of General Ewell, who stated that General Longstreet would go in on the right at the same time. Battle's brigade was one of the first to encounter Grant in the Wilderness. General Early, in one of his first publications, stated that the brigades of Battle and Jones were driven back, and Mr. Davis repeated this in his history, but the fact is that Battle's brigade was drawn back to conform to the nature of the ground, and one regiment retired farther than was in- tended. General Ewell more correctly stated: "Battle's left and Stewart's right rested on the pike. Slight works were thrown up and several partial attacks of the enemy repulsed. In a counter attack by Stewart's and Battle's brigades, two 24-pounder howitzers were captured." In the fight of May 12th, at Spottsylvania, the "bloody ani^'le, " Rodes' division, including Battle's brigade, was thrown across Hancock's front, and there took part in the I tr I li l>*. ,. tt 392 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. hardest fighting of the war. In the following summer he was with Early in the Shenandoah valley. In the battle of Winchester, September 19th, his brigade was for a time held in reserve, but later sent into action with aresult well described by Mr. Davis: "Just then Battle's brigade moved forward and swept through the woods, driving the enemy before it, while Evans' brigade was rallied and cooperated. Our advance was resumed, and the enemy's attacking columns were thrown into great confusion and fled from the field." General Early ex- claimed: "It was a grand sight to see this immense mass hurled back in utter disorder by my two divisions, num- bering very little over 5,000 men." Early addressed a congratulatory note to General Battle, giving him the credit of having saved the day in the enemy's first attack. Major-General Rodes, falling at this battle, Ramseur suc- ceeded to the division command. General Battle led his brigade in the successful attack upon Sheridan's army at Cedar Creek, October 1 9th, but received a severe wound in the knee while General Ramseur was congratulating him upon his part in the fight. He was taken to the field hos- pital, where preparations for the amputation of his let: were suspended by the startling news that Ramseur was killed and the day was lost. After much suffering he reached the hospital at Richmond, and was confined there about three months. While on sick bed he was informed by Col. Lawson Clay, of the adjutant-general's depart- ment, that his commission as major-general, dating fruin the battle of Winchester, had been forwarded to the army, but General Battle was never able to take the field again. For two years he was upon crutches. Resuming the practice of law in Alabama, after the close of hostilities, he was elected to Congress, but was not permitted to take his seat. In 1870 his name was urged by his friends for nomination for United States senator, and he would per- haps have received that honor, but the legislature was advised from Washington not to elect any man who ^^^% .. :y CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 393 would not take the oath. His name was then withdrawn, and Judge Goldthwaite was nominated and elected, (k-ncral Battle was a prominent member of the convention which framed the present constitution of Alabama. For many years he has been connected with journalism, a field in which he has won laurels, and contributed largely to the success of democratic principles. Brigadier-General Pinckney Downie Bowles was bom in Edgefield district, S. C. , in 1838, and was educated at the military academy in Charleston and at the university of Virginia. He studied law under General McGowan at Abbeville, S. C. , and in 1859 removed to Alabama and settled in Conecuh county with the intention of practic- ing law. He was engaged in this profession when the call to arms aroused the South and made of the whole country one great military camp. He entered the Con- federate service as a captain in the Fourth Alabama, which was organized at Dal ton, Ga., May 2, 1861, and proceeded immediately to Virginia. This regiment was mustered into service for twelve months, at Lynchburg, Va., May 7th, and was sent to Harper's Ferry. At Win- chester it became a part of the brigade of General Bee. At First Manassas the regiment lost heavily, among the killed being Col. Egbert J. Jones. The gallant com- mander of the brigade. Gen. Barnard E. Bee, also fell. In January, 1862, the Fourth Alabama re-enlisted for three years, and in April was sent to the vicinity of Nor- folk. It was engaged on both days at Seven Pines, and a fortnight later marched to join Jackson in the valley, coming back to Richmond with Jackson's corps. After the Seven Days' battles, and shortly before Second Ma- nassas, Captain Bowles was promoted to major of the gal- lant Fourth, August 22, 1862. Soon after the return from the Maryland campaign, he received his commission as lieutenant-colonel, September 30, 1862. and a few days later, October 3d, he was made colonel. He led his regi- I 'A f.'j >^y. I n ^r.^« 394 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. mental Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburj;;: also through the overland campaign of 1864, and in the battles near Petersburg and Richmond. For his contm- ued faithful service and gallantry in battle he was, on the 2d day of April, 1865, commissioned brigadier-general. He had already been in command of a brigade and had proven his ability for such a position by meritorious con- duct from first to last. He enjoyed his new honors only a short time, for the end of the Confederacy came on rapidly, and on the 9th of April the Confederate army of Northern Virginia laid down its arms and furled its banners forever. Though Colonel Bowles participated in so many bloody battles, he came off unhurt. Yet he had some narrow escapes. At the First Manassas his can- teen was shattered by a ball, and at Spottsylvania Court House his cap was shot out of his hand. After the establishment of peace. General Bowles returned to his law practice at Sparta, Conecuh county, remaining there until the removal of the county-seat to Evergreen, in 1867, when he made his home at the latter place. Here he has built up a lucrative legal business, and ranks among the leading lawyers of south Alabama. For ten years he held the office of prosecuting attorney for Conecuh county, but has not been connected with any official position since, preferring to give himself entirely to his pri%-ate practice. He was married, during the war, at Sparta, Ala., February- 24, 1862, to Alice Irene, daughter of Judge N. F. and Anna C. Stearns. He and his wife are members of the Episcopal church, and he has for many years acted as superintendent of the Sunday-school. Brigadier-General Michael J. Bulger was bom in Co- lumbia, S. C, February 13, 1806. He went to Montgom- ery, Ala., in 1S23, and made that city his home for many years. While living there he was elected major of Ala- bama militia. In 1S34 he was in the Creek nation and was elected colonel. In 1S3S he moved to Tallapoosa county. COXFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 395 Soon afterward he was elected brigadier-general, and held that position until 1861. In 1836 he was a delegate to a State convention, to nominate a candidate for vice-presi- dent, to run on the same ticket with Andrew Jackson. He was also a delegate to all Democratic State conventions from 1836 to 1 86 1. In 185 1 he was nominated by the Dem- ocrats to run against the secessionists and was elected. In 1855 he was nominated to the legislature but declined, and being again nominated unanimously he declined the position, but in 1857 he accepted the nomination and was elected. He was a delegate to the Charleston convention of i860, and was a candidate for elector on the Douglas ticket. After the election of Lincoln he was an independent candidate against secession. As a mem- ber of the Alabama convention he voted against secession, and refused to sign the ordinance, which had been printed on parchment ; but when it became necessary to raise an army to maintain the position taken by his State he accompanied and assisted Governor Shorter in organizing the cavalr>'. In the winter, when recruiting became a drag, he raised and organized a company, and went into camp at Loachapoka. With his assistance a regiment was raised. When it was organized he failed to be made colonel and went into service as a captain in the Forty- seventh infantry. After much campaigning it happened that, at the battle of Cedar Run, Captain Bulger was in command of the regiment, and during an attack on the rt.mk he was wounded in the arm, but he bound his arm ti^'hily, laid it in his bosom, and continued to command his regiment. A little later he was shot in the leg and an artery severed, but the indomitable soldier stopped the bleeding bv placing a corncob on each side which he bound with a suspender, given him by one of the soldiers, and then persisted in the fight until, about to faint from loss of blood he was compelled to desist. The casualties on the ground occupied by the Forty-seven.h Alabama were General Winder killed. General Taliaferro wounded. . |.,' •>l'j »; u^jntfr- 396 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Captain Menefee killed, Captains Bulger, Mclnioih and Campbell severely wounded. The privates killed. wounded and missing number 114. Captain Bulger \v,i> borne to the residence of Mr. Tinsley, where he was ten- derly cared for. It appeared to the surgeons to be neces- sary to amputate his leg, but by stout and heroic objec tions he saved himself this mutilation. He returned t.) his home, on account of this wound, and while confined there on his bed was elected to the State senate to fill a vacancy. He served in that capacity through the ses- sion of 1863-63. After his recovery he returned to his regiment, with promotion to lieutenant-colonel. At the battle of Gettysburg he was in General Law's brigade in the charge on Little Round Top, and while commanding the regiment was shot through the chest with a minic ball, which lodged under the right shoulder-blade, where it has ever since remained. He was left on the field and reported dead, but was given good care by the Federals during his stay at Gettysburg; later he was removed to Baltimore, and thence sent to Johnson's island, where he spent the winter. The following spring he was exchanged, and returning to his command was commissioned colonel. It being necessary for him to have a surgical operation performed, he was sent home, and while still confined to his bed he was again elected to the State senate, where he served through the session and then returned to his command. His wound having not entirely healed, he was granted leave of absence, and while in Richmond at the office of General Withers, assistant secretary of war, that gentleman handed him a commission as brigadier-gen- eral. Colonel Bulger asked him to keep it until his return to the army, but before he could get home the Confeder- ate armies were surrendered. After the war he remained at his home until 1880, when, in response to an earnest appeal of the people, he served again in the legislature. After rendering that service he gave his entire attention to his farm until 1S95. At that date he retired from CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 397 fanning and made his home with his daughter at Jack- son's Gap, Ala. Venerable, dignified, and crowned with many honors, he enjoys, in serene old age, the esteem of his people. Brigadier-General James Cantey was bom in Kershaw district, S. C, December 30, 1818. His father was a South Carolina planter, his mother a Miss Richardson. He graduated at the South Carolina college, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and practiced law in Camden for sev- eral years. At the commencement of the war with Mexico he responded to the call of his country, and was an officer in the celebrated Palmetto regiment of South Carolina. He won distinction in the battles of that regi- ment in Mexico, and was wounded in one of them. The year after the return of peace (1849) he settled in Russell county, Ala., and became a planter. He married a \ daughter of Col. Lemuel Benton, of that county. He led I. this quiet life until the war of 1861-65 called the sons of K the South to arms. He was one of the true men of that I' day, who, without stopping to count the cost, laid their all r upon the altar of country. In 1861 he was elected colonel \ of the Fifteenth Alabama, and went with it to \'irginia. I He served in the Shenandoah valley, under Stonewall ii X Jackson, and was engaged in the battles around Rich- | ' mond, shortly after which he was transferred to the West- | \ ern army and stationed at Mobile. There he organized { a brigade, consisting of the Seventeenth, Twenty-first and | Twenty-ninth Alabama regiments, and the Thirty-seventh j Mississippi. He received his commission as brigadier- general January 8, 1863. He was next placed in com- mand of his own, Sears' Mississippi and Reynolds' Arkan- sas brigades. When the army of Tennessee was being reorganized and reinforced at Dalton in the winter of '863 and 1864, the First and Twenty-sixth Alabama were •"idiled to his brigade, and the Twenty-first taken from it. As then organized, it entered the campaign of 1S64, one 398 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. calculated to test the endurance and courage of the best of troops. Part of the time General Cantey led the division of which he had held the command at Pollard ; but on account of his health he could not be present all the time. Therefore Maj.-Gen. E. C. Walthall was put in command of the division. His brigade passed through the fiery ordeal of the "Hundred Days" from Dal ton to Atlanta, was in the battle of Jonesboro, in Hood's Ten- nessee campaign, then in the campaign through the Caro- linas, which, soon after the battle of Bentonville, ended in the surrender of the army under Joseph E. Johnston, at Durham' s Station, on the 26th of April, 1865. During this time General Cantey was with his command as much as his physical condition would permit. After the war he resumed planting, and continued in that occupation until his death. Brigadier-General James Holt Clanton was born in Columbia county, Ga., January 8, 1827. His mother was a relative of Gen. H. D. Clayton, of Barbour county, Ala. , himself a native of Georgia. His father was Na- thaniel Holt Clanton, who represented Macon county at one time in the lower, and at another in the upper house of the Alabama legislature. It was in 1835, when James Holt was eight years old, that the Clantons moved from their Georgia home and settled in Macon county, Ala. It was here that young Clanton grew up to manhood. His education ended with his admission to the college at Tus- caloosa; for his youthful ardor led him then to enlist as a private in Capt. Rush Elmore's company of Col. Bailie Peyton's regiment. Serving out his six months' enlist- ment he soon after enlisted in the Palmetto regiment of South Carolina, for which Capt. Preston S. Brooks had come back to recruit. He reached Mexico just after the occupation of the city by the American forces. Return- ing home he began the study of law. in Tuskegee, with Hon. David Clopton, and then attended the law school of CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 399 Judge Chilton. Being admitted to the bar in 1850 he ,,rx-ned his office in Montgomery. In 1855 he was a rep- resentative of that county in the Alabama legislature, and in i860 he was an elector on the Bell and Everett ticket. He opposed secession, but when his adopted Slate decided upon that policy, he obeyed her voice and did all in his power to make her cause succeed. Having had experience in Mexico he was elected captain of a mounted company, and served on the Florida coast until the fall of 1 86 1, when he increased his command to a rcKMment, of which he was chosen colonel. This com- mand, known as the First Alabama cavalry, he led to Tennessee. He opened the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862, and was also engaged in the second day's fight. At Farm- ington he acted as aid to General Bragg. At Booneville he led a brigade, consisting of his own and a Mississippi regi- ment and Maj. S. J. Murphy's battalion, and drove the enemy from the field. In the spring of 1863 Colonel Clanton raised three more regiments, the Sixth, Seventh and Ninth Alabama cavalr>', and on November 13th of that year was commissioned as brigadier-general m the provisional army of the Confederate States. In 1864 he had a fierce fight with General Rousseau at "Ten Islands," on the Coosa river. In this affair he lost his entire staff, Capt. Robert Abercrombie, of Florida, and Lieutenant Judkins, of Montgomery, being killed, and Captain Smith, of Dallas, and Lieutenant Hyer, of Florida.being wounded. r,.-;ng ordered to Dalton, he reached there ahead of his command, and acted as aid to General Polk, at Resaca, Adairsville and Cassville. For his services in getting the artillery and stores safely across the Etowah, on the retreat from Cassville, he received the thanks of the generals of the army of Tennessee. He was subsequently placed on duty with his brigade in the department of Alabama, Mis- sissippi and East Louisiana. Eariy in 1865 he relieved (■■.cnc-ral Baker at Pollard, and soon afterward defeated a raiding party of the enemy. In March he was danger- , \ 400 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. ously wounded and captured at Bluff Spring, Fla. From 1866 he resumed his law practice, and was the great leader of the Democratic party in his State until his death at Knoxville, Tenn., September 26, 187 1, where he was shot down on the street by the son of Hon. T. A. R. Nelson, an ex-Union officer. His remains were carried to Mont- gomery, the capital of Alabama, where they lay in state, and were followed to the grave by the whole population. The demonstrations of grief and respect that came from every part of the State, showed the high esteem in which Alabama held this gallant soldier and honored citizen. Major-General Henry DeLamar Clayton was bom in Pulaski county, Ga., March 7, 1827. He was graduated at Emor>' and Henry college, Virginia, after which he read law under John G. and Eli S. Shorter in Eufaula. In 1849 he was licensed as an attorney, and began the prac- tice of law in Clayton. He devoted himself so completely to business that he kept entirely out of politics until 1S57, when he was chosen to represent Barbour county in the Alabama legislature. He served as a member of the house of representatives until 1861. Upon the very first threat of war he urged Governor Moore to accept the volunteer regiment of trained companies of which he was colonel. Two of the companies were accepted in Febru- ary, and he enlisted in one of them as a private, but was not allowed to remain in this position. He was ordered to go at once to Pensacola and take command of the Ala- bama troops as they should arrive. On March 28, 1861, the First Alabama regiment was organized, with him as colonel. He remained at Pensacola in this service, part of the time in command of a brigade, for a year, and then organized a new regiment, the Thirty-ninth Alabama, which he led as colonel in the Kentucky campaign and in the sanguinary battle of Murfreesboro. In tliis last- named battle he was severely wounded, and immediately >E3 •If j, '^^,1 X .-pi. ^/ ~\\ ;.=\>'M«' ^ ^ \ COSFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 401 jLj'.cr he was promoted to brigadier-general. The brigade • . which he was assigned at Tullahoma, in April, 1863, .. TiMStcd of the Eighteenth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-eighth, Siftv-second and Fifty-eighth regiments. Clayton's ; n^.'ade bore a conspicuous part at Chickamauga, in the Lighting around Dalion, at New Hope church, and in all The battles of the Atlanta and Tennessee campaigns, and ihc final campaign in the Carolinas. General Clayton's •5)Icndid conduct in the Atlanta campaign obtained for him the commission of major-general, July 7, 1864, and he liccamc the successor of A. P. Stewart in division com- mand, the brigades under his command being Gibson's, St'tvall's, Baker's and his own, under Holtzclaw. He !cd this superb division during the battles around Atlanta, at Jonesboro, in the Nashville campaign, and up to the surrender in North Carolina. After the defeat at Nash- ville, Clayton, with his division and the brigade of General I'cttus, covered the retreat of the army until relieved by •Icneral Stevenson on the next day. General Hood said: "Order among the troops was in a measure restored at Brentwood, a few miles in rear of the scene of disaster, '.hroiigh the promptness and gallantry of Clayton's divi- . ^.on, which speedily formed and confronted the enemy, *uh Gibson's brigade and McKenzie's battery of Fenner's -battalion, acting as rear-guard. General Clayton dis- i'-AVcd admirable coolness and courage in the discharge ' ' his duties." At the close of the war General Clayton ' •rn-.'l his attention to planting, till elected judge of the • rcuit court in May, 1866. This position he held until •rTiovcd, under the reconstruction acts of Congress, in ' ''■>i. From that time he practiced law and planted, until ^-* death at Tuscaloosa, Ala., October 13. 1S89. He was *n active, laborious man, a gallant soldier, and a Christian gentleman. '!'!.,':^dier-General Zachary C. Deas was born in Cam- '^'^■i. ^^ C. October -5, 1819. His father was James S. 402 CONFEDERATE MILITARY- HISTORY. Deas, who represented Mobile county in the Alabarr.i legislature in 1857, his mother a sister of Hon. Jair.cs Chestnut, at one time United States senator fron; South Carolina. The Deas family moved to Mobile ;:■. 1835, where the future soldier grew to manhood and thcr. engaged in mercantile pursuits. His business was inter- rupted by a term of service in the Mexican war. At the opening of the Confederate war he was a commission mer- chant in Mobile. He offered his services to the Confeder- ate government and was assigned to duty on the stati uf Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, serving in that capacity at the first battle of Manassas. Then obtaining authority to raise a regiment, with the assistance of Maj. Robert B. Armistead, he recruited the Twenty-second Alabama. at its organization was elected colonel, and commissioned October 25, 1861. At that time there were not arms enough in the Confederacy to supply the men who enlisted. So Colonel Deas paid out of his own means $28,000 in gold for 800 Enfield rifles, and equipped his own regiment. In return for this service the Confederate government, one year later, gave him that amount of Confederate bonds. At Shiloh he led his regiment until General Gladden, brig.ide commander, and Col. Wirt Adams were borne wounded from the field, on the first day, when he took command of the brigade. On the second day, after having had two horses shot under him, he was severely wounded. He was well again in time to lead his regiment through the Kentucky campaign, being present in the affairs at Mun- fordville and at Salt river. In that campaign the brigade, under Gen. Franklin Gardner, included the Alabama re^n- ments of Cols. Joe \\Tieeler, J. Q. Loomis, J. G. Coltart, H. D. Clayton, besides his own. It fought under Loomis and Coltart at Murfreesboro, after which Deas, promoted to brigadier-general December 13, 1862, took command. The regiments of this gallant Alabama brigade, of With- ers' division, later under Hindman and Patton Anderson. were the Nineteenth, Twenty-second, Twenty-fiith, r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Thirty-seventh, and consolidated Twenty-sixth and Fiftieth. At Chickamauga this brigade, led by General Deas, struck in the flank and routed Sheridan's division, killing Brig. -Gen. W. H. Lytle and capturing seventeen pieces of artillery, Deas himself losing forty per cent of his force engaged. He also led his brigade at the battle of Missionary Ridge, and through the campaign from Dal- ton to Atlanta and Jonesboro, his brigade taking a promi- nent part in most of the battles of the Hundred Days. He marched through Alabama into Tennessee with Hood. The division, under Gen. Edward Johnson, was the only one of Lee's corps which fully shared in the desperate assault at Franklin, where Deas led his brigade with great gallantry, and was slightly wounded. On December i6th Gen. Johnson was captured at Nashville, and Deas then took command of the remnant of the division, and led it during the heroic retreat to Alabama. Subsequently, in command of his brigade, he was in the front of Sherman and in active command during the campaign in the Caro- linas, 1865, until taken sick at Raleigh. On the return of peace he made his residence in New York City. Brigadier-General James Deshler was a native of Tus- cumbia, Ala., born February 18, 1833. His father, Maj. David Deshler, was an eminent civil engineer, who re- moved from Pennsylvania to Alabama in 1S25, and who, dying in Tuscumbia in 1S71, bequeathed a large sum for the establishment in that city of a female college, called the "Deshler institute." James Deshler entered the United States military academy in 1850, and on gradua- tion was promoted to second lieutenant of the Third artil- lery. He served on frontier duty in California in 1854-55 ; was at Carlisle barracks. Pa., in 1855, and on frontier duty in the Sioux expedition in the same year, being engaged in the action at Blue Water on September 3d. After participating in the Utah expedition, he was at Fort Wise, Col., in 1861, when he heard of the with- !- ■ »-»?i.). '{I 404 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. drawal of Alabama from the Union. He immediately- resigned, went to Richmond, and was appointed captain of artillery and assigned to the command of Gen. Henry R. Jackson, then stationed on the banks of the Greenbrier river, at the head of a little valley known as " Traveler's Repose," in western Virginia. He acted as adjutant- general of Jackson's brigade, in the Cheat mountain expedition in September, and on the 3d of October was in a spirited little battle on the Greenbrier, in which the Confederates repulsed the enemy. At the battle of Alle- ghany Summit, December 13, i86i, Captain Deshler was shot through both thighs. Upon his recovery he was appointed colonel of artillery and assigned to duty in North Carolina, whence he accompanied General Holmes in 1862 to the Trans-Mississippi department as chief of staff. Later he commanded a brigade of Texans in Churchill's division, which was captured at Arkansas Post in January, 1863. In June he was exchanged, and going to Tullahoma, Tenn., met the remnants of his division, which were thrown into one brigade. Deshler was on July 28th promoted to the rank of brigadier- general and placed in command of this brigade. As a part of Cleburne's division his brigade was hotly engaged at Chickamauga. On the morning of the second day, September 20th, when the other brigades had suffered heavily, and, by the disposition of the line of battle, Deshler's command had not had an opportunity to fight. General Cleburne remarked to him: "General, your brigade has not been engaged to-day." "It is not my fault," was Deshler's reply. Deshler's Arkansaus and Texans were then sent forward to a low ridge, from which Lowrey's Mississippians had been withdrawn after heavy loss, on the right of Thomas' advanced works. Taking this position at 10 a. m. his men lay down and returned the terrific fire of the enemy for four hours. About noon the ammunition ran low, and Deshler. being informed of it, lost his life in the personal performance CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 405 of duty. "General Deshler fell," said General Cleburne, "a shell passing fairly through his chest. It was the first battle in which this gentleman had the honor of com- manding as a general officer. He was a brave and efficient one. He brought always to the discharge of duty a warm zeal and a high conscientiousness." His successor in brigade command, Roger Q. Mills, of Texas, said in his report of the battle of Chickamauga: "I may pause here and pay a passing tribute to the memory of our fallen chief. He was brave, generous and kind, even to a fault. Ever watchful and careful for the safety of any member of his command, he was ever ready to peril his own. Refusing to permit a staff offi- cer to endanger his life in going to examine the cartridge- boxes to see what amount of ammunition his men had, he cheerfully started himself to brave the tempest of death that raged on the crest of the hill. He had gone but little way when he fell— fell as he would wish to fall — in the very center of his brigade, in the midst of the line, between the ranks, and surrounded by the bodies of his fallen comrades. He poured out his own blood upon the spot watered by the best blood of the brigade. Among the host of brave hearts that were offered on the altar of sacrifice for their country on that beautiful Sab- bath, there perished not one nobler, braver, or better than his. He lived beloved, and fell lamented and mourned by every officer and man of his command. He sleeps on the spot where he fell, on the field of his -countrj^'s vic- tory and glory, surrounded by the bodies of those who stood around him in life and lie around him in death. " Major-General John Horace Forney was bom at Lin- colnton, Lincoln county, N. C., August 12, 1829, and in 1835 went with his parents to Calhoun county, Ala. His father was Jacob Forney, son of Gen. Peter Forney, and brother of Daniel M. Forney, who represented North Carolina in Congress. His mother was a daughter of 406 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Hon. Daniel Hoke, also of Lincoln county. Young For- ney, after going through his preparatory course, was appointed to the United States militar}- academy in 1S48, and in 1852 was graduated as brevet second lieutenant in the Seventh infantry. He served in garrison in Kentucky and on frontier duty in Indian Territorj', and accompa- nied Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston on the expedition to Salt Lake in 1858. In i860 he was first lieutenant and instructor of tactics at West Point. Foreseeing the coming struggle between the North and the South, he resigned in December, i860, and, going to Montgomery, offered his services to Governor Moore. He was commissioned colonel of artillery in the State forces and sent to take command at Pensacola. On March 16, 1861, he was promoted to captain in the regular army of the Confeder- acy and made a staff officer by General Bragg. When the Tenth Alabama was organized he was appointed as its colonel, and commissioned June 4, 1861. The regiment proceeded to Virginia and was assigned to the brigade of Gen. Kirby Smith, of which Colonel Forney was in com- mand for three months after First Manassas. At Dranes- . ville, where he was again in command of his regiment, he was severely wounded in the arm. On March 10, 1862, he was commissioned brigadier-general, and on October 37th of the same year was promoted to major-general, and soon after assigned to the department of South Ala- bama and West Florida. After being in Mobile a 5'ear on this duty, he was sent to Vicksburg, where he com- manded a division before and during the siege. After his exchange he was transferred to the department of the Trans-Mississippi, where he commanded a division under General Magruder. He remained in this position, per- forming ever}' duty with the fidelity and zeal for which he was distinguished, until the final surrender in 1865. The battles in which he was engaged proved him a capable officer, cool and undaunted in danger, and skillful in the handling of his men. After the end of the war he r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. settled down to the quiet life of a farmer, planting in Calhoun and Marengo counties. His wife was a daughter ,.( Col. Henry A. Rutledge of Talladega, Ala., a descend- Ant of the celebrated South Carolina family of that name. Brigadier-General William Henry Forney, brother of Gen. John H. Forney, was bom at Lincolnton, N. C, November 9, 1823. In 1835 he went with his parents to Calhoun county, Ala. Here he received his elementary' education, and then entered the university of Alabama, where he was graduated in 1844. He was studying law with his brother, D. P. Forney, in Jacksonville, when youthful and patriotic zeal impelled him to go to the Mexican war in Coffee's First Alabama regiment of vol- unteers. In this command he was lieutenant, and was engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz. At the expiration of his term of service he resumed his studies, this time in the law office of Hon. T. A. Walker. In 1848 he was admitted to the bar and formed a partnership with Gen. Jas. B. Martin. In 1859 he was a representative in the Alabama legislature from Calhoun county. Upon the vccssion of Alabama he once more laid aside his profes- sional work and entered the service as captain in the regi- ment (Tenth Alabama) of which his brother John was colonel. At Dranesville he was wounded in the leg, but wthin two months he was back in the field, having iiicanwhile been commissioned major of his regiment, I'vcL-mbcr 21, 1861. On XIarch 17, 1862, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel. At Williamsburg he was wounded ;n the shoulder by a ball, which broke the bone of his '■'h'lit arm. At William and Mary college, one of Vir- k'inia's venerable institutions of learning, then converted into a hospital for wounded soldiers, he was captured by 'lie enemy on their occupation of Williamsburg. After four months of captivity he was exchanged, and re- ■ -rricd to his command to find that on June 27th he had '■'-'cn promoted to colonel of his regiment, upon the death 408 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. of Colonel Woodward. His command participated ir. the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, an.; at Salem church, where Colonel Forney was slightly wounded in the leg. He led his regiment again at Get- tysburg, where his arm was shattered by a ball, bein^' broken in the same place as at Williamsburg. Another ball, which struck him after he had fallen, carried away one-third of his heel-bone. This was his severest wound On the retreat from Gettysburg it was necessary to leave him behind. He fell into the hands of the enemy and remained a prisoner for thirteen months. He was one of the officers selected to be put on Morris island, under range of the Confederate batteries, and was carried as far as Port Royal for that purpose. But matters were adjusted between the belligerents so that this so-called retaliatory measure was not carried into effect in his case. Being exchanged, though still on crutches, he reported for duty and was placed in charge of Wilcox's Alabama brigade, Mahone's division, A. P. Hill's corps, receiN-in^ his commission as brigadier-general on Novembers, 1S64. His service was not again interrupted by wounds. He was with his men in the trenches near Petersburg, led them at Hatclier's Run, High bridge and Farmville, and at Appomattox. Though the remnants of his brigade, the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Thirteenth and Fourteenth regiments, hardly equaled the number of one full regiment, it was one of the largest and most efficient brigades in the army. Returning home, he resumed prac- tice at Jacksonville, Ala., and was chosen to the State senate in 1865. In this capacity he served until the recon- struction measures were put in force. He has attended to his professional business, keeping out of politics. One of his brothers, Lieut. -Col. George Hoke Forney, of the First Confederate battalion, fell at the Wilderness, at the age of twenty-eight. Maj. Daniel P. Forney, of the Second Alabama, is an elder brother, and Capt. Alexander Erevan ■ Forney, who in 1847 represented Lowndes county in tl;e r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 409 Alabama legislature, is a cousin. His wife is the daugh- ter of E. L. Woodward, a merchant of Calhoun county. Brigadier-General Birkett Davenport Fry was born in Kanawha county, Va., June 24, 1822. His father was Thornton Fry, grandson of Col. Joshua Fry, who figured in colonial history. He was educated at Washington college. Pa., at the Virginia military institute, and at West Point. He did not remain at West Point to gradu- ate, but studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1846. When ten new regiments were raised for the Mexican war he was commissioned a first lieutenant of United States voltigeurs and foot riflemen, of which Joseph E. Johnston was lieutenant-colonel. He served as adjutant at Contreras and Churubusco, and led a company at Mo- lino del Rey and Chapultepec, where he was mentioned as distinguished. After the war had ended and the regi- ment had been disbanded at Fort McHenry, Md., he, with a party of other young men, went across the plains to Cali- fornia, where he remained until 1856. Going then to Nicaragua, he joined Walker's expedition as colonel and I general. He commanded at Granada and defeated the army of Guatemala. After the failure of that expedition he returned to San Francisco, continuing there until the autumn of 1859, when he went to Alabama and, settling |( at Tallassee, engaged in cotton manufacturing until the f opening of the civil war. On July 19, i86i, he was com- I missioned colonel of the Thirteenth Alabama infantry. Reporting at once with his regiment at Richmond, he was ordered to Yorktown, where he remained until its evacu- ation. At the battle of Seven Pines he was wounded in the hand. After an absence of six weeks he returned to his regiment and remained with it until his left arm was shattered, near the shoulder, at Sharpsburg. The surgeons decided that it would be necessary to amputate the arm. "What are the chances of my living without the opera- tion?" "One in three hundred," was the answer. 410 CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY. "Then I will take it," he replied. He rejoined his com- mand in time for Chancellorsville, where he led his bri- gade (Archer's) on the second day. Here he was again I wounded, but did not leave his regiment until Gettysburg, j commanding it or the brigade until that battle. The f. . . Thirteenth Alabama, with Archer's brigade, Heth's divi- ! sion, was among the first to be engaged in the hard fight- j ing for position at Gettysburg, July ist, and after the cap- ! tare of General Archer that day he took command of the { brigade, and led it in the second furious assault. "Col- 1 onel Frj' judiciously changed his front," said General ! Heth, "thus protecting the right flank of the division dur- ; ing the engagement. This brigade (Archer's), the heroes of Chancellorsville, fully maintained its hard-won and well-deserved reputation." On July 3d his brigade was on the right of the division, under Pettigrew, and was the brigade of direction for the whole force, being im- mediately on the left of Pickett's division. He led it gal- lantly up Cemetery ridge, under a fire which melted away his line, until he reached the stone wall, where he fell, shot through the shoulder and the thigh, and again became a prisoner of war. He lay in field hospital six days; then was taken to the hospital at Fort McHenry, and in October was sent to the Federal prison on John- son's island, in Lake Erie. By a special exchange he returned to the army in Virginia in March, 1864. He was ordered to take command of Barton's brigade at Drewry's bluff, and led it in the battle in which Beauregard drove back Butler's army. Being sent now to Lee, Gen. A. P. Hill placed him in command of Archer's and Walker's brigades, and this force, with some other troops, he led in the second battle of Cold Harbor, holding the left of the Confederate line. On May 24, 1864, he had been pro- moted brigadier-general, and a few days after the battle of Cold Harbor he was ordered to Augusta, Ga. , to com- mand a district embracing parts of South Carolina and Georgia. This he held until the close of the war. He CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 411 then went to Cuba, but in i86S returned to Alabama and resumed his old business of cotton manufacturing at Tallassee, in which he continued until 1S76, when he removed to Florida. After spending some time there he went back to Alabama and resided in Montgomery, where his wife died. This estimable lady was Martha A. Micau, born in Augiista, Ga. , but living in San Francisco when married. In 1881 General Fry went to Richmond, Va., and engaged in cotton buying. He was president of the Marshall manufacturing company of that city from 1886 until his death, Februarj' 5, 1891. iier-General Isham W. Garrott was a native of the old North State, born in 1816. He was educated at the university of North Carolina (Chapel Hill), studied law and was admitted to the bar. His parents were not wealthy and he had to make his own way in the world. He removed to Alabama and located at Greenville ; but the next year he settled in Marion county and became law partner of Hon. James Phelan, afterward Confederate senator from Mississippi. He also took much interest in public affairs, and removing to Perry county represented u in the legislature from 1S45 to 1S49. He was after- ward an associate of Judge Brooks in law practice. He was a democrat of the State rights school, and was a Breckinridge elector in i860. When Alabama seceded he was sent by Governor Moore, as a commissioner, to N'orth Carolina for the purpose of asking the cooperation of the legislature in the secession movement. After per- forming this task he returned home and, with the assist- ance of General Pettus, raised the Twentieth Alabama. Of this regiment he was commissioned colonel, and at once gave to his command the same energetic attention that had characterized his civil life, showing great apti- tude for militar}- affairs. There were points that had to 'H- guarded, where an enemy did not happen to come, and for a time it was the lot of Colonel Garrott and his 412 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. regiment to be on duty at just such points. After serv- ing at Mobile, and in east Tennessee until the winter of 1862, he and his regiment, in Tracy's brigade, v;ere sent to Mississippi. The first battle in which Colonel Garrott had a chance to show his steady valor and skill in hand- ling his regiment was in resisting Grant's advance from the river, at Port Gibson, May i, 1863. Both there and at Baker's Creek he acquitted himself with great credit. When Pemberton allowed his army to be shut up in Vicksburg, he and his regiment shared the fortunes of that excellent gentleman, but unfortunate general. Just four days before the investment of Vicksburg had been made complete his commission as brigadier-general had been forwarded from Richmond. He cheerfully bore the privations and perils of the siege, and set his men an example of the courage and spirit with which a true sol- dier endures every trial that the good of the cause demands. He was frequently on the outposts, cheering his men in the performance of their perilous duties. On the 17th of June he asked of one of the private soldiers the privilege of using his rifle to . fire at the enemy. The soldier gave him the piece, he brought it to his shoulder, and was taking aim when a ball pierced his heart. With- out a word he fell and expired. He was buried in Vicks- burg, sincerely mourned by the gallant men whom he had led, by his fellow officers, and by the people of his adopted State. Brigadier-General Archibald Gracie was the son of Archibald Gracie, a merchant of Mobile for seventeen years prior to the Confederate war. His grandfather was one of the rich merchants of New York. His mother was Miss Bethune, of Charleston, S. C. General Gracie was born in New York, December i, 1833. When of suitable age he attended for five years a school in Europe. In September, '1S50, he was appointed to the United States military academy from New Jersey. On gradna- >r^ I;- ^ f^^^i^:4 ry^ *f^^ .-^^ €^ ^'^ '^M 1 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 413 tion, in 1854, he was promoted in the army to brevet second lieutenant of infantry. He served on frontier duty in Washington territory; on an "expedition against the Snake Indians ; was engaged with much credit near Walla Walla ; afterward at Fort Boise, and again at Fort Van- couver. In 1856 he resigned and became a member of his father's firm in Mobile, displaying much capacity for business, and enjoying home life with his wife, Miss Mayo, of Virginia, a relative of Gen. Winfield Scott. He did not, however, lose his fondness for the militarj' life, joining the Washington light infantry of Mobile and be- coming its captain. Just before the secession of Alabama Governor Moore instructed him to seize Mount Vernon arsenal, which he promptly did. Shortly after, this com- pany, the first from Alabama mustered into the Confeder- ate service, became a part of the Third Alabama infantry. Proceeding to Virginia with his regiment. Captain Gracie was promoted to major of the Eleventh Alabama, July 12, 1861. Later he obtained authority to raise a regiment, which he did in the spring of 1862, and was elected colonel. This was the Forty-third Alabama, and was assigned to the corps led by Gen. Kirby Smith, operating m cast Tennessee. Toward the latter part of August, 1862, Colonel Gracie was put in command of a brigade and led an expedition from Clinton northward to Jacks- boro, and across the Cumberland mountains into Scott county, where he attacked Fort Cliff, defended by a body <^>f Tennessee loyalists under Colonel Cliff. He captured the fort, whose defenders fled after making a slight show of resistance. He led his regiment through the Kentucky campaign, was commandant of the town of Lexington 'luring its occupancy by the Confederates, and of Cumber- land Gap after the return to Tennessee. In November, •862, he was commissioned brigadier-general; his com- mand consisted of the Forty-third Alabama, Sixty-third Tennessee, and the First, Second, Third and Fourth bat- talions of the Hilliard legiun. until after the battle of Chick- 414 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. amauga. Then the legion was divided into the Fifty- ninth and Sixtieth Alabama regiments, and Twenty-third Alabama battalion, and continued under him; while the Forty-first Alabama was substituted for the Sixty-third Tennessee. General Gracie participated in the battle of Chickamauga, where the intrepid conduct of himself and his brigade is shown by the fact that within two hours it lost 705 killed and wounded out of 1,870 in action. When Longstreet was ordered into east Tennessee, Gracie's bri- gade formed part of his force, and suffered severely at Bean's Station, where Gracie also received a painful wound in the arm. As soon as he recovered he rejoined his brigade, which was assigned to the Richmond and Petersburg lines, under General Beauregard, during the campaign of May, 1864. He had a horse killed under him in a skirmish before Richmond, and led the brigade at Drewry's Bluff, winning approving mention. From June until his death he was constantly in the trenches before Petersburg in the active work of Bushrod John- son's division, his position being famous as Gracie's salient. While inspecting the enemy's line, with telescope in hand, he was struck in the head by a bullet from a shrap- nel shell and instantly killed, December 2, 1864. He was buried in Hollywood cemetery, but shortly after the war his remains were conveyed to the family vault in New York City. The men of his brigade, in assemblage, paid this tribute to him: "He was a brave and excellent soldier ... a sincere friend without an atom of selfish- ness; without one trait, however small, to detract from the nobleness of his nature ; always anxious for the com- fort and safety of his men; of cheerful and genial manner; a member of the church and a true Christian. In fine, a gentleman and a soldier, without fear and without blem- ish." To this tribute from his men should be added the expressions of Gen. Robert E. Lee in a letter to his own wife: "The death of General Gracie was a great grief to me. I do not know how to replace him. He was an excellent CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 415 officer and a Christian gentleman. I had been all over his line with him the day before his death, and decided on some changes I wished made. He had just received the telegram announcing the birth of his daughter, and expected to visit his wife the next day. Our loss is heavy, but his gain great. May his wife, whom he loved so tenderly, be comforted in the recollection of his many virtues, his piety, his worth, his love." Brigadier-General James Hagan was bom in Ireland in 182 1, and came with his parents to America in his infancy. The family settled in Pennsylvania, where his father engaged in farming. So James Hagan grew up to manhood in that State. He then entered business life with his uncle, John Hagan, a rich merchant of New Orleans, and soon afterward became connected with a branch of his uncle's house in the city of Mobile. At the beginning of the war with Mexico he and other gal- lant young men from Alabama joined Colonel Hays' Texas Rangers, and were engaged in the storming of ^Monterey. Subsequently commissioned captain of the Third dra- goons, he served in that rank in the army of General Taylor. Returning from ^Mexico, he gave his attention to planting. When the war between the States began, he gave his sympathy and active support to the cause of his adopted State. He entered the army as captain of a cavalry company, from Mobile county. Shortly after he was commissioned major in a proposed regiment, of which Gen. Wirt Adams was appointed colonel. When, a short while after the battle of Shiloh, the Third Alabama cavalry was organized, he was appointed its colonel. From that time until the close of the long war he was on constant and active duty in Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, and the Carolinas, and during a large part of the last two years commanded a cavalry brigade under General Wheeler, consisting of the First, Third, Fourth, Ninth and Fifty-first Alabama regiments, and Twelfth battalion. 416 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. He was wounded twice in Tennessee, once at Franklin, the next time at Kingston, and once in North Carolina, at Fayetteville. Though for some time commanding a brigade, he did not receive a brigadier-general's commis- sion until a short while before the close of the war, in February, 1865. Being a man of generous nature and manly impulses, he was greatly admired and loved by his soldiers. He knew how to obey as well as command, and set before his men an example of the implicit obedience due by a subordinate to a superior officer. Since the war he has led a quiet, uneventful life, the kind best calcu- lated to give peace and comfort to declining years. Brigadier-General Moses Wright Hannon was a native of Georgia, born in Baldwin county in 1827, the son of a planter and lawyer, whose wife was an aunt of Hon. Au- gustus R. Wright of that State. He moved to Alabama in 1847, settled in Montgomery county and engaged in mercantile business, in which he continued, except during a residence in California for eight years, from 1850. He was lixnng in Montgomery when the war began, and at once entered the service of the Confederate States as lieutenant-colonel of the First Alabama cavalry. A few months later he raised the Fifty-third Alabama (a mounted regiment). At the head of this regiment, he serv'ed for some time in the Tennessee valley in Roddey's brigade of Forrest's cavalry command, being intimately connected with all the movements of the army of Tennessee. When Forrest went to Mississippi, in thelatter part of 1863, Han- non remained with the army of Tennessee, and was placed in command of a brigade consisting of his own regiment. Young's Georgia regiment, Roswell's Georgia battalion, and the Alabama battalion of Major Snodgrass. This brigade was assigned to Kelly's division of Gen. Joseph Wheeler's cavalry corps. It was a magnificent body of horsemen (or mounted infantry, for they could fight either on horseback or on foot). During the Atlanta campaign CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 417 and Sherman's march through Georgia and the Carolinas, the exploits of Wheeler's cavalry were something wonder- ful. Although the main army, even when successful in battle, was constantly on the retreat, the cavalry was so frequently employed in aggressive movements that they hardly shared in the depression that fell upon the infantry by reason of their disappointed hopes. They were not only successful in repelling raiders, but frequently made brilliant raids to the rear of their enemy, interrupt- ing his communications and defeating his detached forces. Harmon's brigade participated in all these arduous and perilous duties, and had their full share of the triumphs of the cavalry during this long campaign. In the daring raid through Tennessee in August, 1864, this command, under its gallant leader, captured too men in Sherman's rear, destroyed a wagon train, and brought off 1,500 beef cattle. Under Wheeler's command Hannon followed Sherman into the Carolinas, and at Statesboro, in North Carolina, engaged in the last fight of the cavalry forces in that State. His promotion to brig- adier-general was made toward the end of the war, but the commission was never received. He well merited it, for he had with great skill led his brigade through the last year and a half of the struggle. After the return of peace he was for a time a merchant in Montgomery, Ala. , then in New Orleans. In 1870 he removed to Texas and engaged in planting in Freestone county. Brigadier-General James T. Holtzclaw was born in McDonough, Henry county, Ga., December 17, 1833. His father was, however, at that time a citizen of Ala- bama, living in Chambers county, and the family soon returned to that home. He was educated at the Presby- terian high school, and in 1853 he was appointed a cadet at the United States militan,- academy, but on account of the death of an older brother did not enter. In 1854 he went to Montgomery and began the study of law in AU 27 418 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. the office of Elmore & Yancey. He was admitted to the bar in 1855; and, with the exception of the war, continued to practice law in Montgomery imtil his death. He answered the first call to arms in 186 1, and with his com- pany (the Montgomery True Blues), of which he was a lieutenant, was present at the capture of Pensacola navy yard. In August, 1861, President Davis appointed him major of the Eighteenth Alabama. At Shiloh he was shot through the right lung while standing by the colors of his regiment, and was supposed to be mortally wounded : but within ninety days he rejoined his regiment. In the autumn of 1862 he was sent to Mobile, and was there for some time in command of a brigade, having been pro- moted to colonel. At Chickamauga, though injured by his horse, which ran against a tree, he remained upon the field, his regiment losing two-thirds of its rank and file. In command of Clayton's brigade, he relieved Walthall's brigade on the evening of November 24th, on Lookout Mountain, and on the next day he took a gallant part in the battle of Missionary Ridge. He was also with A. P. Stewart's division, supporting Cleburne at Ringgold Gap. In command of his regiment he was a gallant participant in the fighting from Rocky Face ridge to Atlanta, until General Clayton was promoted, when he was advanced to the rank of brigadier-general, and assigned to the com- mand of Clayton's brigade. He commanded the brigade during Hood's flank movement in North Georgia, and in the Tennessee campaign which followed, was the first. with his brigade, to reach the position before Nashville, which the army occupied next day. On the fatal i6th of December he held a line directly across the Franklin pike, and maintained his position against repeated assaults of the enemy. Of the result of one of these assaults he wrote : "I have seen most of the battlefields of the West, but have never seen dead men thicker than in front of my two right regiments. " When the crumbling of the Confeder- ate line reached his brigade he withdrew, under the [ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 419 destructive fire of eighteen guns, and took position as rear-guard across the pike. At Franklin a portion of his brigade was sacrificed in covering the retreat of General Gibson across the Harpeth river, and on the south side the brigade fought during the day as rear-guard under his command and that of Col. Bush Jones. Early in 1865 he and his brigade were sent to Mobile, and during the early part of the siege of Spanish Fort, Holtzclaw's and Ector's brigades relieved Thomas' Alabama reserves in the trenches. During the valorous defense of that post he commanded the left wing of the little army, Colonel Jones commanding his brigade, and was warmly com- mended for his services by General Gibson. Retreating to Meridian, after the fall of Mobile, he was paroled, with the army of Gen. Richard Taylor, in May, 1865. Return- ing then to Montgomery, he again took up the practice of law. In 1868 he was a delegate to the Democratic conven- tion that nominated Seymour and Blair, was a district presidential elector in 1876, and elector for the State at large in i888. In February, 1893, he was appointed by Governor Jones a member of the State railroad commis- sion to succeed Gen. Levi W. Lawler, deceased. His appointment gave universal satisfaction. His useful career as a citizen was cut short by death on July 19, 1893. Brigadier-General George Doherty Johnston was bom in 1832, at Hillsboro, N. C. His father was a merchant of that town and his mother was a Miss Bond, grand- daughter of Maj. George Doherty, a colonial officer in 1776. His parents moved to Alabama and settled at Greensboro in 1833. That same year his father died and his mother moved to Marion, where he was reared, and educated at Howard college. He studied law and, being admitted to the bar at Lebanon, Tenn. , opened an office at Marion in 1855. The following year he was mayor, and in 1857 he represented the county in the legislature. At the opening of the war he was a lieutenant in the 420 CONFEDERATE M/UTARY HISTORY. Fourth Alabama and was with that command at Manassas and in its other service in Virginia until January, iS6;, when he was commissioned major of the Twenty-fifth Alabama. On the fall of Colonel Loomis at Shiloh, April 6, 1862, he became lieutenant-colonel. From that day he was with his regiment in every encounter, leading it a great part of the tirne. In the great battles of Murfrees- boro and Chickamauga he maintained fully the high repu- tation which he had gained at Shiloh. On October 27, 1863, he was commissioned colonel of his regiment, a promotion richly deserved. In the constant fighting of the Atlanta campaign he was ever with his men, setting them an example of courage and endurance. In the bat- tle of July 22, 1864, at Atlanta, he led the regiment in a charge which forced the enemy's lines, capturing more men than he led, bearing off as trophies two flags and 350 stand of arms. Before this he had been recommended for promotion by Gens. J. E. Johnston, Hood and Hind- man. Now his promotion was again urged by Generals Bragg, Hood, Cheatham and Brown. Just four days after this battle he was commissioned brigadier-general, " and received notice of it on July 28th. Three hours after being notified of this appointment his leg bone was frac- tured by a bullet, but, supporting the wounded limb in his bridle rein, he continued in command of the brigade (Deas') until exhausted. During the campaign into Ten- nessee he was on crutches much of the time. After Gen- eral Ouarles, commanding a brigade of Walthall's division, including the First Alabama, had been wounded at Frank- lin, General Johnston was assigned to that command, in which he served efficiently at Nashville. His brigade was one of those selected for the famous rear-guard of infantry, under Walthall, during the retreat. In 1S65 he was in the campaign of the Carolinas, still commanding Quarles" old brigade. On the second day of the battle of Bentnnville he took command of Walthall's division and led it until the reorganization at Goldsboro, just before CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 421 the surrender at Durham's Station, near Raleigh. When the surrender occurred he was on his way west to join Gen. Richard Taylor. At the return of peace he became a partner with John F. Vary in the practice of law at Marion, where he continued to reside until 1868. After that he lived for a while in Dallas county, and later at Tuscaloosa, as commandant at the State university. Brigadier-General John Herbert Kelly was born in . Carrollton, Pickens county, Ala., March 31, 1840. Left an orphan before he was seven years old, he was brought up under the tender care of his grandmother, Mrs. J. R. Hawthorn, of Wilcox county, and at the age of seventeen, through the influence of his relatives, Hon. W. W. Boyce, of South Carolina, and Hon. Philip T. Herbert, of Cali- fornia, he obtained a cadetship at West Point. He lacked but a few months of graduation when Alabama seceded from the Union, but at once resigned, and, repairing to Montgomery, offered his services. He was appointed a second lieutenant in the regular army of the Confederate States and sent to Fort Morgan. He accompanied Gen- eral Hardee to Missouri, and on October 5, 1861, was appointed captain and assistant adjutant-general. Later he was commissioned major, and put in command of an Arkansas battalion. He was in the battle of Shiloh, and a month later was promoted to the command of the Eighth Arkansas regiment, with the rank of colonel. He was with Bragg in the Kentucky campaign, fighting at Perry- ville, and after the army returned to Tennessee was engaged in the great battle of Murfreesboro, where he was severely wounded. Soon returning to the field, at Chicka- mauga he commanded a brigade consisting of the Fifty- eighth North Carolina, Sixty-fifth Georgia, Fifth Ken- tucky, and Sixty-third Virginia, under General Buckner. "During the struggle for the heights, " said Gen. William Preston, "Colonel Kelly had his horse shot under him, and displayed great courage and skill." The desperate 1 422 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. nature of the fighting done by this brigade in that battle is shown by the fact that within an hour it suffered a loss of 300 out of 876 effective men. His immediate pro- motion was urged by Generals Preston, Liddell and Cle- burne, the latter saying, "I know no better officer of his grade in the service." He was promoted promptly, his commission being dated November 16, 1863. Thus, at the early age of twenty-three and a half years, he was made a brigadier-general, and was very soon assigned to the duties of a major-general. At the beginning of the Georgia campaign of 1864 he was put in charge of a cav- alry division of Wheeler's corps, embracing the brigades of Allen and Dibrell, to which Hannon's brigade was added. His career was now signalized by a series of bril- liant exploits. He acted a very prominent part in Cle- burne's brilliant success at Pickett's mill, May 27, 1S64, and in all the movements of the Atlanta campaign Kelly's men were always ready for the fiercest fight, either on foot or mounted. On the expedition to the rear of Sherman's army in August, 1864, his command was again actively employed. Near Franklin, Tenn., on August 20th, during Wheeler's raid against Sherman's communications in Tennessee, this valiant young leader was killed. In his report General Wheeler paid him this tribute: "To my brave division commander, General Kelly, who gave up his life at Franklin, while gallantly fighting at the head of his division, I ask the country to award its gratitude. No honors bestowed on his memory could more than repay his devotion. " In 1866 General Kelly's remains were removed to Mobile and laid to rest in the bosom of his native State. It may be said of him, as Lee said of Pelham, another son of Alabama, "It is glorious to see such courage in one so young. ' ' Major-General Evander Mclver Law was born at Dar- linL^ton, S. C, in 1S36; was graduated at the military academy in Charleston in 1856; for three years he was a CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 423 professor in a military school at Yorkville, and in i860 removed to Macon county, Ala., where he taught school while studying law. On the nth of January Alabama seceded, and shortly afterward he took a company of State troops to Pensacola, Fla. , where he remained two months. Entering the Confederate service as captain he was elected lieutenant-colonel of the Fourth Alabama, one of the commands greatly distinguished in the first battle of Manassas, where Law was severely wounded. In Octo- ber, 1861, he was elected colonel of this regiment and commissioned on the 28th of the month. He led this regi- ment at Seven Pines, and at the battle of Gaines' Mill commanded Whiting's old brigade, consisting of the Sec- ond and Eleventh Mississippi, the Fourth Alabama and the Sixth North Carolina This brigade, in company with Hood's of the same division, made the first break in the Union lines on that day of triumph for the Confederates. He had the same command through the rest of the Seven Days' battles, including Malvern Hill, also at Second Manassas and at Sharpsburg. On October 3, 1862, he received his com.mission as brigadier-general. In Janu- ary, 1863, his brigade was reorganized and was henceforth composed of the Fourth, Fifteenth, Forty-fourth, Forty- seventh and Forty-eighth Alabama regiments. Early on the second day of the battle at Gettysburg, when General Hood was wounded. General Law took command of the division in the famous assault on the Federal position on Round Top, a movement which he protested against be- fore it was ordered, but carried out with a skillful hand ling of his valiant men, who lost 2,000 of their number. On the third day his prompt dispositions defeated the flank attack of Federal cavalry. At Chickamauga Hood was again wounded, losing a leg, and again the command of the division fell upon Law, who led it with such intrepid- ity that General Longstreet sent a note expressing his ad- miration and satisfaction. At the Wilderness Law again commanded his brave Alabamians, also at Spottsylvania 424 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. and on the North Anna. At Second Cold Harbor, in charge of his own and Anderson's brigades, he was ordered to reinforce the line on the right, leaving it to his judg- ment to select a position. He planted his force where Kershaw's Hue had been bent back on June ist, and. intrenching during the night there, sustained a determined attack on June 3d, which resulted in the terrible slaughter of the Federal forces in his front, the Federal Eighteenth corps reporting a loss of over 3, 000. In this fight General Law was severely wounded. He did not return to his brigade, being relieved at his own request, desiring cav- alry service. On the approach of Sherman's army he was assigned to command at Columbia, S. C, and in February took command of Butler's brigade of cavalry. He was actively engaged in the attack on Kilpatrick's camp, served on the staff of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Benton- ville, and then resumed command of Butler's cavalr>-. He was promoted to major-general, just before the surren- der, on the recommendation of Generals Johnston and Hampton. After the war he resided in South Carolina and became connected with railroad enterprises. Of recent years he has been at the head of a military col- lege at Barton, Fla. Brigadier-General Danville Leadbetter was a native of Maine, bom in 181 1 ; was graduated at the United States military academy in 1S36 as second lieutenant, and was assigned at first to the artiller}' and then transferred to the engineer corps. He served on garrison duty at Os- wego Harbor, N.Y., 1839-45 ; was in charge of the engineer agency in New York for the purchase and shipment of supplies for the construction of fortifications, 1845-4S; as member of joint commission of naval and engineer officers for examination of the Pacific coast of the United States, also as superintendinsr engineer of the repairs of Fort Miirg.-in. and the building of Fort Gaines, at ^^lobile, Ala. The custom house at Mobile was built under his super- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 425 vision. Like many other officers of Northern birth his residence as an army officer among the Southern people had caused him to become identified with the South in sentiment. He regarded Alabama as his State, and, upon her secession, determined to espouse her cause. Accord- ingly he resigned his commission as captain in the army of the United States and, accepting from his adopted State the commission of lieutenant-colonel, was placed in command of Fort Morgan. Later he was made a briga- dier-general in the army of the Confederate States (February 27, 1862) and sent into east Tennessee. When the Union army was moving upon Chattanooga in 1862, General Leadbetter was engaged in quite a spirited affair at Bridgeport, in which, although the Confederates were worsted, considerable delay was caused to the move- ments of the enemy. His skill as an engineer caused him to be sent soon afterward to superintend the construc- tion of the defenses of Mobile. In 1863 he was for a short time chief of the engineer department of the army of Tennessee, and he served in this capacity during the con- struction of the lines along Missionary Ridge, while the army of General Bragg was investing Chattanooga. A short while before the battle of Missionary Ridge General Leadbetter accompanied the brigades of Bushrod John- son and Gracie on their march to reinforce Longstreet near Knoxville. They reached Longstreet on the 24th of November. As Leadbetter had once been stationed at Knoxville he was familiar with its fortifications, and for that reason had been sent to give General Longstreet such help as might be expected from an experienced engineer. After three days spent in reconnoitcring the position of the enemy, an attack upon Fort Sanders was decided upon. The result, however, was disastrous to the Confederates. General Leadbetter continued to serve the Confedeiacy faithfully until the close of the war, 11 426 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. when he went to Mexico and afterward to Canada. Ik- died at Clifton, Canada, September 26, 1866, at, the a^^c of fifty-five. Brigadier-General Young Marshall Moody, was a Vir- ginian, bom in Chesterfield county, June 23, 1822, son nf Carter Moody, a gentleman of considerable wealth. At the age of twenty he left his Virginia home and, going to Alabama, settled in Marengo county, where he tau^irhi school, and later became a merchant. Speedily attainii-.Lj prominence in the community, he was appointed clerk uf the circuit court in 1856, and elected in 1858. When, in 1861, the State of Alabama seceded he was prompt to offer his services, and entered the Confederate army as a captain in the Eleventh Alabama infantry. After about a year's service with that regiment he returned to Alabama and assisted in raising the Forty-third Alabama, of which he was elected lieutenant-colonel, and Archibald Gracie colonel. He was with the expedition that defeated and scattered the loyalists at Fort Cliff, in Scott county, Tenn. , went through the Kentucky campaign, and was stationed for a while at Cumberland gap, when the army returned to Tennessee. At the battle of Chickamauga he was colonel of the regiment, Gracie having been made brig- adier-general, with the Forty-third Alabama as one of the regiments in his command. His valor in the desperate situation in which the brigade found itself in this battle, was highly commended by General Gracie. He accom- panied Longstreet into Tennessee, was at the siege of Knoxville and at Bean's Station, and early in 1864 the brigade was sent to Beauregard at Petersburg. In the battle of Drewry's Bluff, May i6th, Colonel Moody was severely wounded in the ankle. On the death of General Gracie, which occurred December 2, 1864, he took charge of the brigade, consisting of the Forty-first, Forty-third, Fifty-ninth and Sixtieth Alabama regiments and tl:e Twenty-third Alabama battalion. He received his com- CONFEDERA TE MI LIT A R Y HIS TOR Y. 42': n-.ission as brigadier-general March 4, 1865. After serv- ir.j^' ill the trenches around Petersburg during the winter .,( IS64-65, he was present at the final struggle on these hncs. Just one day before the surrender at Appomattox he was captured, being at the time sick and with the wagon train. Subsequently, he went to Mobile and tn^,'aged in business. In the summer of 1866, while in New Orleans for the purpose of establishing a branch of his I'.isiness, he contracted yellow fever and died. He was a jnan of soldierly bearing, six feet in height, slender and erect; of very gentle disposition, and loved by the men (1! his command as a friend and protector, whom they obeyed because they held him in high esteem. Brigadier-General John Tyler Morgan, who enlisted as a private in the Confederate States army and rose to the rank of brigadier-general, was born at Athens, Tenn., June 20, 1824. His father was a merchant; his mother, whose maiden name was Irby, was a relative of Chancel- lor Tyler, of Virginia. At the age of nine years he re- moved with his parents to Calhoun county, Ala. , and in th.it State received an academic education; studied law at Talladega, was admitted to the bar in 1S45, ^'^^ subse- quently practiced at Talladega, Cahaba, and Selma, his present home. His canvass of the State in 1S60 as candi- tl.ite for presidential elector-at-large on the Breckinridge '; -ket widened his reputation for extraordinary abiUty as ■•:; orator ; and as a delegate from Dallas county he was an active participant in all the proceedings of the conven- tion which, on January 11, 1861. passed the ordinance of f-ccession. After the adjournment of that body he was appointed on the staff of Major-General Clemens, in com- mand of the State forces at Fort Morgan, where he was <'n duty until the fort was transferred to the Confederate K"vernment. In April, 1S61, he enlisted as a private in t"'.'' Cahaba Rifles, which became Company G of the Fifth Al.ibama infantry, and upon the organization of the regi- 428 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. ment, May 5, 186 1, he was elected major, Robert F Rodes being colonel and Allen C. Jones lieutenanJ. colonel. When the regiment was reorganized at the clo^c of its first year's service, he, being lieutenant-colonel ■ •/ promotion, resigned and returned to Alabama with author. ity to recruit a regiment of partisan rangers. This organ.- zation, completed mainly by his efforts, and equipp.,! without other aid from the government than a few arms and some ammunition, was mustered into service i 300 strong, at Oxford, Ala., August 11, 1862, with Morgan as colonel, James D. Webb lieutenant-colonel, and H D Thompson major. On the 6th of June, 1863, he was ap- pomted brigadier-general at the instance of Gen. Robert E. Lee, then preparing for the Pennsylvania campai,gii who personally notified him of his promotion and assign- ment to what had been the brigade of the lamented Rodcs • but he felt compelled to resign the commission by circum- stances that seemed to make it his clear duty to remam with his regiment, whose lieutenant-colonel, Webb had fallen m battle while Morgan was on his way to join his new command. On November 16, 1S63, he was again promoted brigadier-general and given command of a bri- gade composed of the First, Third, Fourth, Seventh and Fifty-first regiments of Alabama cavalry. General Morgan's military service, with his regiments and his brigade, respectively, were on a field extendir;: from the Gulf to the Cumberland river and from Xashville to Bull run. The Fifth regiment, after a month's stav at Fort Morgan, was ordered to Virginia, and pitched us tents at the Stone bridge on Bull run, in General E well's brigade. It was here that he received his "baptism of fire," m command of a detachment that earned special mention in General Beauregard's report for gallantrj- in a sharp fight with the advancing columns of General Heintzelman. The Fifty-first was ordered upon its organization, to Tennessee, where at first it was attaclicu to General Forrest's command, and, subsequentlv, wa.s I CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 429 trmsf erred to the command of General Wheeler, then V '. cf of cavalry. Afterward it fought in Martin's division. •; was in constant, active and arduous service, often far •,3 iront of the Confederate forces, on the flanks or in the rror of the enemy, or raiding the enemy's territory and Ucstroj-ing his supply trains. It was in daily conflict with \\x Federals, and the aggregate of its losses was large. It was in the fights at Lavergne, Shelbyville, Murfreesboro, Tracy City and Chickamauga, and in the famous raid in !hc Sequatchie valley, in which 1,000 wagons, loaded with vturcs, were burned, and 4,000 mules were butchered. With ihe brigade his work was of the same nature on a larger field and with greater responsibilities. With it he shared the hardships and the dangers of the campaigns around Knoxville, against Bumside, and in east Tennessee, and, ^ubsequently, having been ordered from the French Broad to General Johnston at Dalton, participated in the Atlanta campaign. When General Hood began his move- ment upon Nashville, General Morgan was left with his command south of Atlanta to watch and harass General Sherman. This was his last service in the field, being t:'.cn detached to raise regiments for the depleted ranks ^'f the army. He was at Meridian, Miss., when the sur- render of Lee and Johnston put an end to the war. In outpost and detached warfare, in which three of the f'lur years' military serA'ice of General Morgan were 1 .i-^bcd, opportimities for attracting attention and gaining ■i.itinction are infrequent. The enemy is to be observ'ed, ius raids interrupted and driven back, his communications <-Ut, his trains attacked and his advance delayed ; and a force, necessarily dispersed in these varied, arduous and incessant duties, gives up in its daily skirmishes its tens and twenties of gallant men who have ridden far and fast, and watched and fought and bled in obscure engagements f'jr the information of the commanding general and the ^;itL-ty of the army which presently is to meet its opposing <^':iemy in the open day and achieve renown before the 430 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. world It is not often that a "Jeb" Stuart is permitted to pass around the enemy's lines with a force that is of itsolt almost an army, or that a John H. Morgan is sent (jn dashing, distant and difficult undertakings with an inde- pendent command of divisions. General Morgan did the work, and all the work, set for him to do, diligently, intelli- gently, promptly and well. He was a faithful and desen-- ing officer, who had not taken up arms as a profession, but diligently studied their most effective uses, and with rare intelligence and wise discretion engaged in his patriotic work. Duty called him to the field and he responded wiiii alacrity. His country needed his services, and they were promptly tendered. He was not ambitious of rank or brilliant success, if these were to be prices of the lives of his men, uselessly sacrificed. Promotions came to him, but they came unsought. Sometimes they were declined. when he thought they would take him from a sphere of greater usefulness in lower rank. He declined a brig- adier's commission when it would have left his regiment without a field officer, and when it needed him. He accepted a brigadier's commission when his regiment, recruited by himself, could spare him. The men who had vohmteercd upon his appeal to their patriotism were the constant objects of his thoughtful care ; and their wel- fare was esteemed by him beyond any interest or aspira- tion of his own, or any honors that might come to him through separation from them. They loved him with a singular devotion, and thought any service light and any danger trivial to which he ordered them. Without the genius or the art of war, his quick perceptions enabled him to divine the movements of the enemy and the intentions of his superiors in rank; and, reading orders through and between the lines, he executed them in their letter and- spirit and true intent. He would not have attained im- mortality by the unnecessary sacrifice of the life of one of his privates. He would not have lost an opportunity to serve his cause and country which required the sacrifice CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 431 of bis own life. Withal, he was a modest soldier. He had on his staff no convenient correspondent to proclaim through the press his virtues and magnify his deeds. He has not the old soldier's proverbial garrulity in fighting his battles over again. He tries to forget, rather than remember, the events of a war which seems to him like a death-bed scene in which his most beloved had passed away. To this outline sketch of General Morgan's mili- tary life, it is not possible within the limits of this memorial to add any sufficient notice of his career as a statesman. A popular favorite, almost any civil honor in the affairs of his State was within his reach long before the crisis of i860 brought him into public life. During the troublous days which followed the war he was con- spicuous as a leader, adviser, and advocate of a wronged and oppressed people. After the State, "redeemed, regenerated and disenthralled," had thrown off the rule of ignorance, brigandage and barbarism and firmly re-estab- lished its government on the sure foundations of intelli- gence and integrity, he was elected to the United States Senate for the term beginning March i, 1S77; and three times has he been re-elected. He is an industrious senator, devoted in work, diligent vigilant, ready and vigorous in his treatment of all public matters. He has convictions, strong and clear, and gives them eloquent and bold utterance. Serving on many important com- mittees, he is a working member of each ; and on pending measures, from time to time he has made many notable speeches and engaged in many memorable debates. He is earnest, persistent, resolute, and accepts defeat only when the last resource has been exhausted and the last vote taken. It took him five sessions to defeat the Blair educational bill, intended to transfer to the Federal government the education of the children of the States. From his first term he has supported on every occasion the free and equal coinage of gold and silver in the mints of the country. He has often voted 432 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. and spoken for a tariff for revenue, and against a tarig for protection. He favored the civil service law, and opposed the interstate commerce act. As often as oppor- tunity has offered he has protested against every form of trust, monopoly, or subsidy intended to divert the earnings of the many to the use of the few. He was verj* active in efforts to enforce the payment of the debts of the subsidized Pacific railroads to the government. It is impossible to name any important measure under con- sideration in the Senate for twenty years which has not had his attention. His record covers the whole range of senatorial legislation and discussion since he entered the Senate, when men now voters were unborn. It is, how- ever, in connection with matters relating to the foreign affairs of the country that of late he has been more promi- nent. For many years he has been the leading demo- cratic member of the committee on foreign relations, and has made a special study of international usages, history and law. On every report from the committee he has been the principal speaker in the Senate. His broad patriotism finds expression in an American foreign policy which embraces the nations of the continent and isles of the sea. American commerce covers the world, and he would follow the flag wherever it goes with effective pro- tection for every man and every dollar under its folds. He has been the strongest supporter from the beginning of the Nicaraguan canal, intended to extend the Mississippi river across the isthmus, unite in closer bonds the Atlan- tic and Pacific coasts of the United States, and open on more advantageous terms and more fully the vast busi- ness of India, China and Japan to American farmers, manufacturers and merchants. He advocated the speedy annexation of the Hawaiian islands and urged the prompt and decisive interposition of our government in the affairs of Cuba. He would limit British and enlarge American rights in the mackerel and seal fisheries. He would prevent the threatened dismemberment and appro- CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 433 priation of China by the European powers. He would give ihe United States an effective voice in diplomacy wherever, to the uttermost parts of the earth, an American right or an American interest is involved, and, if necessary, sup- port diplomacy even by arms. Because of his aggressive Americanism, no less than because of his learning and ability, President Harrison appointed him one of the two American members of the Bering sea arbitration tri- bunal that met in Paris in 1893. Brigadier-General Edward Asbury O'Neal was bom in Madison county, Ala., in 18 18. His father, Edward O'Neal, was a native of Ireland, and his mother was Miss Rebecca Wheat, a member of one of the Huguenot fami- lies of South Carolina. They moved to Alabama and settled in Madison county soon after their marriage. When Edward Asbury was but three months old his father died. His mother was a lady of much force of character and managed her affairs well, giving to both her boys, Basil and Edward, a good education, and equip- ping them well for the battle of life. Edward graduated at LaGrange college with the first honors of his class in 1836. He read law in the office of Hon. James W. Mc- Clung, was admitted to the bar in 1840, and located at Florence. In 1841 he was elected solicitor of the Fourth judicial circuit and served four years. From that time forward, for many years, he devoted himself almost ^'.xclusively to the study of law. He was a strong believer in the right and advisability of secession. When that policy was adopted and resulted in war, he proved his faith by works, and was prompt to take up arms to make it a success. He raised a company for the Ninth Ala- bama, of which regiment he was elected major, and com- missioned June 26, 186 1. In the fall he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel (October 21, 1861). He received another promotion in March, 1S62. as colonel of the Twenty-sixth Alabama, when in Richmond. The com- 434 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. mission, however, was not made out until April jd. He led this reg-iment at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Sever. Pines and the battles around Richmond. At Seven Pints he had ahorse killed under him, and was himself severely injured by a fragment of shell. During the advance into Maryland he commanded Rodes' brigade until two days before the battle of Boonsboro, when he was relieved and returned to the command of his regiment. In this battle he received a very painful wound in the thigh. During the winter he again reported for duty and took command of the brigade. He led the brigade at Chan- cellorsville, Gettysburg and Mine Run, General Rodes having been put in command of the division. Early in 1864 his regiment was sent back to Alabama to recruit. but was not permitted to long remain idle, being ordered to Dalton and placed in Cantey's brigade. General Cantey being now in charge of the division, Colonel O'Neal led his brigade through the battles and marches of the Atlanta campaign until after the removal of General Johnston. Soon after that event Colonel O'Neal was relieved and during the rest of the war served on detached duty. A commission of brigadier-general was during this time issued to him, bearing date, June 6, 1863; but on account of the irregularity of the mails, he never received it, though acting in that capacity for the last year and a half of the war. Just four years from the time that he had left Florence for the war he returned home. He resumed the practice of law, and also took much interest in political matters. In 1874 he entered the political fight which resulted in the restoration of the Democratic party to the control of the State. In 1875 ^'-^ was elected to the constitutional convention, and was chair- man of the committee on education. In 1880 he was an elector on the Hancock ticket, and in 18S2 was elected governor of Alabama. In 1884 he was re-elected. His administration throughout was highly commended. Re- tiring from the highest office in the gift of his State, he CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 435 resumed his residence at Florence and the practice of law, and was actively engaged in a number of enterprises look- ing to the development of his region of the State, until his death, November 7, 1891. Brigadier-General William F. Perry was born in Jack- son county, Ga., in 1823, and was educated in his native State and in Alabama, where his parents settled in 1833. After leaving the schools he perfected his education by careful and constant study. From 1848 to 1853 he was principal of a high school at Talladega; then studied law at Tuskegee, under Judge Chilton. In 1854 he was admit- ted to practice in the courts of Alabama, and in the same year he was elected by the legislature as the first superin- tendent of education for the State. He held this position until the fall of 1858, when he resigned to take charge of the East Alabama college at Tuskegee. He was in this position when the Confederate disaster at Forts Henry and Donelson, in February, 1862, caused him to give up every other duty for what he considered the just cause of his imperiled country. He enlisted as a private and was elected major at the organization of the Forty-fourth Ala- bama, in May, 1862, and on the 1st of September became lieutenant-colonel by the resignation of Colonel Kent. The regiment was ordered to Virginia and first assigned to Wright's brigade, with which it served in their very first battle with the steadiness and valor of veterans, at Second Manassas, and then went into the Maryland campaign. At Sharpsburg Colonel Derby was killed, and from the date of that battle, September 7, 1862, Lieuten- ant-Colonel Perry became the colonel of the Forty-fourth Alabama. In November the regiment was transferred to Law's brigade, and at Gettysburg, under Colonel Perry, shared in the assault on Round Top, winning undying fame. At Chickamauga Colonel Perry led the brigade, and for gallantry General I.on,L,'-street recommended his promotion. At the Wilderness, where General Law was 436 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. again in command of the brigade, Colonel Perry had two horses killed under him in the charge which retrieved the threatened disaster to Keth and Wilcox. Again at Spottsylvania the brigade did splendid work. From the battle of Cold Harbor to the close of the war Colonel Perrj' led this famous brigade of Alabamians, though he did not receive his commission as brigadier-general until February, 1865. At Appomattox, so well were the disci- pline and morale of the brigade preserved, that it was one of the largest brigades in the army of Northern Virginia paroled after the memorable 9th of April, 1865. Return- ing to his Alabama home after the surrender. General Perry engaged in planting until 1867, when he removed to Glendale, Hardin county, Ky. Going back to his favorite occupation, he took charge of a military college in that town, which he conducted with great ability and success. Brigadier-General Edmund Winston Pettus was born . in Limestone county, Ala., July 6, 182 1. His father was . John Pettus, a planter, and his mother a daughter of Capt. Anthony Winston. By the death of his father, which occurred in his infancy, he was left to the sole care of his mother, a lady of great mental force. After a course of study at Clinton college, Tennessee, he prepared himself for the profession of law; was admitted to the bar in 1842, when he located in Gainesville. Being in the same year elected district solicitor, he held the oifice until 1S51, when he removed to Pickens county. In 1853 Governor Collier appointed him to the same office to fill a vacancy. He was elected a judge of the circuit court in 1855, and held this position until January, 1858, when he removed to Cahaba. Upon the secession of Alabama he was sent as a commissioner to Mississippi. In the spring of 1S61, he in company with Isham W. Garrott raised the Twenti- eth regiment cf infantry, and at its organization Garrott was elected colonel and Pettus, major. On October Sth r CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 437 he was made lieutenant-colonel of the regiment. He was with his regiment under Kirby Smith in east Tennessee in the summer, fall and winter of 1862, and then, going to Mississippi with Tracy's brigade, was in the gallant fight made against Grant at Port Gibson, May ist. There the five left companies of the Twentieth, under his command, obstinately resisted every effort of the enemy to dislodge ' them, until flanked. In a daring attempt to bring off Captain Pratt and a portion of his company from their advanced position, which they yielded with great reluct- ance, he was cut off and captured, but soon had the good fortune to rejoin his command. At Baker's Creek, May 16th, his gallantry was mentioned by S. D. Lee, the new brigade commander. During the siege of Vicksburg he won additional laurels. At the time of the Federal assault of May 2 2d, a small body of the enemy obtained a lodgment in a redoubt on S. D. Lee's line, and it was necessar\' to drive them out. The work was so constructed that the Federals were perfectly protected, and the only means of dislodging them was to retake the angle by a desperate charge, and either kill or compel the surrender of the Federal party by the use of hand-grenades. A call for volunteers for this purpose was made, General Steven- son reported, "and promptly responded to by Lieut. -Col. E. W. Pettus, and about forty men of Waul's Texas legion. A more gallant feat than this charge has not illustrated our arms during the war. ' ' In the face of a con- centrated fire of shot, shell and musketry-, the little detachment, Pettus at the head, musket in hand, rushed upon the work, and almost before their heroism could be realized had captured the Federal flag, and the enemy soon surrendered. After the death of Colonel Garrott, Pettus commanded the regiment, and was surrendered with it, but was exchanged later in the year 1863. On September iSth he was commissioned brigadier-general, and assigned to succeed S. D. Lee and the lamented Tracy in^hc command of the heroic brigade distinguished 438 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. at Port Gibson, Baker's Creek and Vicksburg. He and his gallant brigade were in the front of the fight at the opening of the Georgia campaign of 1864, holding their position on Rocky Face ridge, May 8th, against a bloody assault. At New Hope church again they fought in the front line under fire, and at Powder Springs, the battles around Atlanta and Jonesboro, wherever Stevenson's division was engaged. During the battle on Lookout Mountain he led the Twentieth, Thirty-first and Forty- sixth regiments to the relief of Moore and Walthall, and, said General Stevenson, in his general orders of November 27th: "It was Pettus' brigade which first checked an enemy flushed with victory on Lookout Mountain, and held him at bay until ordered to retire. On the next day, on the right of Missionary Ridge, the whole division (Brown's, Cumming's and Pettus' brigades) fought with a courage which merited and won success." Whatever the issue with other commands, he said, the men of his division could look back to Missionary Ridge with the pride of soldiers entitled to the admiration of their countrj'. In November he led his brigade into Tennessee, and his men were the first to cross Duck river, thrown across in squads, in a single boat, and making "a most gallant charge on the rifle-pits of the enemy, driving a much superior force, and capturing the pits. ' ' Both the brigade and its commander were commended by Gen. S. D. Lee for their gallantry at Nashville, and the heroism with which they fought as the rear guard to the Ilarpeth river. According to General Clayton, his division and Pettus' brigade, supported by the Thirty-ninth Georgia, were in line at Nashville after all the rest of the army was in "entire rout. " Again Pettus' men stood like a rock at the Harpeth river. In the campaign in the Carolinas, in 1865, he led his brigade in the battles of Kinston and Ben- tonville. In the last-named battle he was severely wounded. When the war had ended he made his home at Selma, and resumed the practice of law, becoming CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 439 i!iitinguished in the profession. He was elected to the United States Senate, as the successor of James L. Pugh, for a term beginning March 4, 1897. Brigadier-General Philip Dale Roddey was bom in Moulton, Lawrence county, Ala., in the year 1820. His p.irents were in humble circumstances and able to give him but scanty educational advantages. For several years he labored as a tailor in his native town, but his natural abil- ity was recognized by his election for a term of three years as sherifE of the county. Later he entered upon the ad- venturous occupation of steamboating on the Tennessee, in which he was engaged, with his home at Chickasaw, at the beginning of the war. When Alabama seceded he at once began to raise a company for the defense of the Southern cause, and he entered the Confederate service as captain of this company of mounted men. He was exceedingly efficient as a scout, and was held in high esteem by his commanding general. At Shiloh his company was the escort of General Bragg, and Roddey was complimented for gallantry on the field. While Bragg was organizing for his Kentucky cam- paign, he advised General Price that "Captain Roddey is detached with a squadron of cavalry on special service in northwest Alabama, where he has shown himself to be an officer of rare energy, enterprise and skill in harassing the enemy and procuring information of his movements. Captain Roddey has the entire confi- dence of the commanding general, who wishes to com- niend him to you as one eminently worthy of trust." When it is remembered that the Federal forces were now in great strength at Corinth and vicinity, that Bragg pro- posed to move past them to the north, and Roddey v>fas depended upon to watch the enemy, it will be seen that the captain was given an important trust On August ". 1S62, General Bragg said in general orders: "A por- tion of our cavalry, consisting of the companies of Earle, 440 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. Lewis and Roddey, led by Captain Roddey, has made another brilliant dash upon a superior force of the enemy, resulting in their utter discomfiture and the capture of 1 23 prisoners. The judgment and prudence of the previous dispositions exhibit high military skill." In December, 1862, he fought a severe engagement at Little Bear creek, in consequence of which the Federal expedition from Cor- inth, under General Sweeny, withdrew. At the close of 1862 he was colonel, in command at Tuscumbia, with his regiment, the Fourth cavalry, and other forces. He was then ordered to join Van Dom's cavalry corps in Mis- sissippi, and his force at that time was given as 1,400 strong. With this corps he was in battle at Tuscumbia, February 22, 1863, and at Columbia, Tenn., early in March. In April he assailed the strong expedition under General Dodge, intended to cover Streight's raid, and fought it stubbornly during its advance up the valley to Courtland. Soon afterward, having been promoted to brigadier-general, he was in command in this district, of a force including Patterson's Fifth cavalry, Hannon's Fifty-third, his own regiment, under Colonel Johnson, Capt. W. R. Julian's troop, and Ferrell's battery. In October he cooperated with General Wheeler in the raid into Tennessee against Rosecrans' communications. Early in 1864 he was in battle at Athens, near Florence, and at Lebanon, and in the latter part of February Gen. J. E. Johnston called him with his command to Dalton, and put him in command of a cavalry division, but he was ordered back to northern Alabama in April by the war department. He remained on duty in north Alabama commanding a cavalry division, two brigades, under Col- onels Johnson and Patterson, and in June sent Johnson's brigade to the assistance of Forrest at Tishomingo creek. It took an important part in the battle of Harrisburg, under Forrest, and in the pursuit of the enemy. Part of his troops were with Forrest in the September-Octolicr raid in Alabama and Tennessee, under Colonel Johnscn. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 441 who was wounded. In the latter part of September, 1864, he was put in command of the district of Northern Ala- bama, under Lieutenant-General Taylor. During the Atlanta campaign he fought a heavy Federal raiding party at Moulton, and in Hood's Tennessee campaign did great service to that general by keeping open his communica- tions. In 1865 he offered a stout, though vain, resistance to Wilson's column, and was engaged under Forrest in the gallant attempt to defend Selma against the over- whelming numbers of the enemy. After the return of peace, General Roddey resided much of his time in New York city, engaged in the business of a commission mer- chant. He went to Europe in 1897, and died in London, England, in August of that year. Major-General Robert Emmet Rodes was bom at Lynchburg, Va., on the 29th of March, 1829. His father was Gen. David Rodes, a prominent citizen of Lynchburg, and his mother was a Miss Yancey, of a family distin- guished in the annals of five States — Virginia, North Caro- lina, Kentucky, Georgia, and Alabama. Robert Rodes spent his boyhood in his native city. On July 4, 1848, he was graduated at the Virginia military institute, at Lexington, well named the West Point of the South, the alma mater of so many distinguished men. Until 1854 he acted as assistant engineer of the Southside railroad, then going to Marshall, Tenn., and engaging in railroad con- struction. His next employment, as assistant, and later, chief engineer of the Alabama & Chattanooga railroad, brought him to Tuscaloosa, where he made his home, becoming a citizen of Alabama. At the very opening of the great war he led a company to Fort Morgan, which became a part of the Fifth Alabama infantry, which regi- ment was organized and he elected its colonel on May 5, • 86 1. The regiment was ordered to Virginia and was present at the battle of First Manassas, in a brigade com- manded by R. S. Ewell, afterward lieutenant-general. 442 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. but was not actively engaged. On the Jist of October, iS6i, Rodes was promoted to brigadier-general, and assigned to command the First Alabama brigade in the Virginia army, composed of the Fifth, Sixth, Twelfth and Sixty- first Alabama and Twelfth Mississippi regiments. In the following spring the Twelfth Mississippi was detached from the brigade, and the Third and Twenty-sixth Ala- bama were added to it. The brigade was attached to D. H. Hill's division and Stonewall Jackson's corps of the army of Northern Virginia. General Rodes participated in the battles of Williamsburg and Seven Pines, in the last of which he was disabled by a severe wound in the arm. He was able to rejoin his command in time for the battles of Boonsboro and Sharpsburg. At Chancellors- ville he commanded the leading division of Jackson's corps which, urged on by his shout of "Forward, men, over friend or foe!" swept everj'thing before it, piercing the lines of Howard's routed corps, breaking up ever}- effort of the enemy to stem the tide, desisting only with the close of day. That evening Jackson and A. P. Hill were both wounded, and the command of the corps devolved upon him. He prepared to renew the movement at dawn, but General Stuart coming upon the field, Rodes yielded to him the command, and during the next day commanded his division. For his conduct in this battle, Rodes was promoted to major-general, to date from May 2d. Henceforth he led D. H. Hill's old division, consisting of the brigades of Doles, Daniel and Ramseur. At Gettysburg General Lee witnessed his great charge, on July I St, and sent an officer to express his thanks. In the Wilderness, at Spottsylvania and the second Cold Har- bor, General Rodes so handled his troops as to increase his reputation for skill as a leader, and so conducted him- self as to add fresh laurels to his fame as a soldier of undaunted courage. Rodes was with Early on the march into M;iryland and, bringing up the rear on the return to Virginia, inflicted on the Federals bloody repulses at CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 443 CAstleman's Ferry and Kemstown. At the battle of '.Vmchester, September 19, 1864, just after inflicting a vrvc-re repulse upon the foe, "in the very moment of tri- •„niph and while conducting the attack with great gal- lantry and skill," as General Early says, he was struck behind the ear by a fragment of shell and died within a few hours. In Early's book, "Memoirs of the Last Year of the War," that general says that General Rodes "was a most accomplished, skillful and gallant officer, upon whom I placed great reliance. ' ' Brigadier-General John C. Calhoun Sanders was the son of Dr. Sanders, a native of Charleston, S. C, and his wife, daughter of Dr. Matthew Thomson, of Ander- wn district. The parents moved to Tuscaloosa, Ala., where their son was born, April 4, 1840, and named in honor of South Carolina's great statesman. The parents K)on after settled at Clinton, Greene county, and here their son was reared until he entered the State university in 1858. At the beginning of the war the young man }rave way to the patriotic impulse which took possession "f so many of the young men of the South, and, in spite of the opposition of the family, left the university halls for the army. He was elected captain of a company organized at Clinton and entered the Eleventh Alabama infantry. It was not until the spring of 1862 that they ;.jJ their first experience of fierce battle. At Seven i'.ncs,Gaines' Mill and Frayser's Farm he led his company. In the last named of these battles the regiment made a famous charge across an open field upon a battery strongly supported by infantry. Though severely wounded in this bloody struggle by a fragment of shell, which badly tore the deeper tissues of his leg, he remained on the field ontil after dark. August nth he rejoined the regiment •-ind took command of it. At the battle of Sharpsburg he ■•viis wounded in the face by pebbles thrown up by a can- r-'-n ball. On the return to Virginia he was commissioned 444 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. colonel. At Fredericksburg he was under fire again and dunng the Chancellorsville campaign he was conspic'ii,.- for gallantry at Salem church. At Gettysbu-g he \v"> wounded in the knee by a minie ball. During the winter of 1863-64 he was president of the division court-martial In the Wilderness (May, 1864) he led his regiment, and at Spottsylvania, in the famous charge of the Confeder- ates for the recoverj' of the salient, after the fall of Gen- eral Perrin, he led the brigade. For his gallantry on this occasion he was made a brigadier-general, May 31 1864 and assigned to command of Wilcox's old brigade the Eighth, xXinth, Tenth, Eleventh and Fourteenth Alabama regiments. In an assault on the Federal lines, June 22 1864, near Petersburg, General Sanders was the first to mount the hostile works. On this occasion the brigade captured more men than it numbered. At the battle of the Crater, July 30th, this brigade, being a part of Mahone's division, participated in the brilliant charo-e that retook the last position. At Deep Bottom he comnTanded his own and a North Carolina brigade. On August 21st General Sanders led his men in one of the fierce battles . along the Weldon railroad. While advancing on foot a 1 mime ball passed through both his thighs, severing the \ femoral arteries. Without falling he said to his adjutant 4 Captain Clarke, "Take me back." On being removed I a short distance he asked to be laid down, and in a few | minutes breathed his last. He was buried in Richmond. \ One of the youngest general officers of the armv, he h...i ' proved his fitness for command. A man of serene cour- age and unblemished moral character, he won general admiration. Brigadier-General Charies Miller Shelley was bom in Sumvan county, Tenn., December j8, 1833, son of William V. Shelley, a contractor and builder, who carried his familv to Talladega, Ala., in 1836. At that place he was edu- cated and brought up to his father's trade. After f i / ,■1 C. M. SHELLEY i CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 445 the secession of Alabama, but before hostilities had actu- ally commenced, he went to Fort Morgan with the Talla- dega artillerj', of which he was a lieutenant. This was in February-, 1861. After remaining at Fort Morgan six weeks, the company returned to camp at Talladega, where it was reorganized, with Shelley as captain, and assigned to the Fifth Alabama regiment, which, under the command of Col. R. E. Rodes, was sent to Virginia. Though not actively engaged in the first battle of Ma- nassas, Captain Shelley's company was on picket duty at Parr's cross-roads, July 17th, where it was assailed by a strong force of the enemy. After a spirited combat of several hours the company was withdrawn, with the loss of two wounded. The enemy's loss was much greater. ^Vhile in Virginia he was present at First Manassas, was €ng.iged in a night skirmish in the Peninsula, and a cav- alry skirmish near Accotink. In January, 1862, he was authorized to recruit a regiment, and of this command, known as the Thirtieth Alabama infantrj', he was elected colonel, and commissioned in February, 1862. The regi- ment was assigned to Rains' and then to Barton's bri- gade, serving in the latter through the East Tennessee and Kentucky campaigns. He was in Stevenson's division, Bragg's army near Murfreesboro, and from there was sent to Pemberton's army, his regiment forming part of Tracy's brigade. Ordered to meet Grant's army at Port Gibson, the little brigade fought gallantly against great odds. The Thirtieth, said Colonel Garrett, under the "cool, brave and gallant Colonel Shelley," for along time obstinately resisted the attacks of the enemy. At Baker's Creek, May i6th, the Alabama brigade, under S. D. Lee, were the heroes of the fight. The Forty-sixth, Thirtieth and Twenty-third were commended especially by Lee for distinguished gallantry, fighting against the enormous odds that Grant so masterfully threw against •••'> scattered antagonists in this campaign. During the ";ege of Vicksburg he was praised by Lee as particularly 446 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. brave and vigilant. After his exchange he served \w - his regiment, the brigade under General Pettus, in the i .i;. ties of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, Ro. ; ,• Face near Dalton, Resaca, New Hope church, Kenc>.:-.v, the various battles around Atlanta, and at Jonesb- killed and wounded out of i,ioo engaged, but theintrc;'-^ commander escaped unhurt, though his horse was ^':;"' under hira and his clothing pierced by seven balls. At the battle of Nashville, Shelley and his brigade were a.::.^-:i distinguished in manful struggle in line on thell!--- • X9 ilJ . ■/. . i/ I H V : lA 7*i.l0 CONFEDERA TE MILITARY HISTORY. 447 boro pike on the 15th, and on the Granny White pike on the i6th. Early in 1865 he was on duty with a frac- tion of his command at Augusta, Ga., and in April Beau- regard reported him at Danville. On April 9th the decimated Alabama regiments of Scott's, Quarles' and Lowrey's brigades were united under his command. These were the consolidated Sixteenth, Thirty-third and Forty-fifth regiments, Colonel Abercrombie ; Seventeenth, Colonel Holcombe and consolidated Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fifth, Forty-ninth, Fifty-fifth and Fifty-seventh, Colonel McAlexander. The surrender occurred shortly afterward, and he returned to Alabama. In June, 1865, he married Kathleen McConnell, daughter of Felix Grundy McConnell, an Alabama congressman. On June J4th of that year he started for South America, but being taken sick in Louisiana he remained there a year, and, returning to Alabama, resumed his business as contractor and builder. He began to take an active part in politics; and in 1874 was appointed sheriff of Dallas county. He held this office two years and was then elected to Congress from the Selma district, and served with distinction for four consecutive terms. Refusing another nomination for Congress, he was appointed, by Mr. Cleveland, fourth I auditor of the Treasury, which office he held for four | years. Returning from Washington, he settled in Bir- { I tningham, Ala., where he still resides. One of his \ ! most important services for the Democratic party, in \ which he is prominent, was performed in the exacting ' \ campaign of 1892, when he served as chairman of the | campaign committee. In recent years he was a member ' of the law firm of Shelley, Butler & Martin, Washington, j D. C, his associates being Gen. M. C. Butler and J. H. G. j Martin. Brigadier-General Edward Dorr Tracy was a son of \ Georgia and an adopted son of Alabama. He was born ' in Macon, Georgia's beautiful "Central City," in the ;l .'. ; .?( ^tir, <■ ,,. -448 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. year 1833, and was the son of Judge Tracy, a native of Connecticut, who came to Georgia and married a sister of Judge Campbell, of Mobile. Edward received an excellent education, and practiced law in Macon for two or three years. In 1858 or 1859 he settled in Huntsville, Ala., and entered into partnership with Hon. D. C. Humphreys. In the presidential election of 1S60 he was an alternate elector for the State at large, on the Breckinridge ticket, and stumped the northern counties, making a bril- liant reputation. When it became evident that secession was going to lead to war, a company, composed of youn^ men from the best families of Madison county, was formed at Huntsville, and he was chosen captain. He accepted, and his company became a part of the glorious Fourth Alabama infantry. When the Twelfth Alabama infantry was organized he was appointed its major, but did not accept. He remained with the Fourth, and at First Ma- nassas made a fine reputation for steady courage and intre- pidity. He soon after became major of the Fourth (July 17, 1861), and on the 12th of October, 1861, was commis- sioned lieutenant-colonel of the Nineteenth Alabama, Col. Joe Wheeler's regiment. In the great battle of Shiloh. s) full of glorious memories to the soldiers of the South, and i yet so disappointing in its results, he led the Nineteenth, j amid the hottest fire, and had a horse killed under him. Going to east Tennessee, with McCown's division, he soon attracted the attention of Gen. E. Kirby Smith, who . wrote, July 2 2d, "Should any new appointments be made for this command, I would recommend Lieut. -Col. Edward D. Tracy. Upright, intelligent and accomplished, Col- 1 onel Tracy, by his services at Manassas and Shiloh, has attested his soldierly qualities. " The Alabama regiments in the various brigades of Smith's army were collected in a brigade, and he was put in command and commissioned brigadier-general, August, 1862. The regiments under his leadership were the Twentieth, Twenty-third, 'I'hirtieth, Thirty-first and Forty-sixth, and under huu ^ CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 449 they began the gallant record continued under Stephen D. Lee and Pettus. He was sent to Vicksburg with his brigade early in 1863, and ordered to Grand Gulf about the time that Grant landed at Bruinsburg. With nine companies, each, of the Twentieth, Twenty-third, Thir- tieth and Thirty-first regiments, about 1,500 men, tired by a hasty march, he reached Port Gibson in time to participate in the battle of May ist, where the brigade suffered a loss of 272 killed, wounded and captured. The fighting commenced at sunrise, and soon became warm and bloody. "A little before 8 o'clock," said Colonel Garrott in his report, "our brave and gallant commander. General Tracy, fell near the front line, pierced through the breast, and instantly died without uttering a word." His remains were sent to Macon, Ga., and there interred. Both Georgia and Alabama cherish his memory with pride. He was the type of an accomplished, knightly, Southern gentleman. His wife was a daughter of Capt. George Steele, of Madison county. Major-General Jones M. Withers was bom in Madison county, Ala., January 12, 1814. His father, John Withers, a native of Dinwiddie county, Va., was a planter and gentleman of culture. His mother was also a Virginia lady — Miss Jones, of Brunswick county. He attended the Greene academy in Huntsville, and at the age of seven- teen was appointed, by President Jackson, a cadet at West Point. There he graduated, in 1835, as brevet second lieutenant, and served at Fort Leavenworth. In Decem- ber of the same year he resigned and returned to his home; but he served, during the hostilities with the Creeks in 1836, on the staff of Maj.-Gen. Benjamin S. Patterson, in which capacity he went to Tuskegee to drill volunteers. On the arrival of General Jessup, he was transferred to the staff of that officer. When peace had been restored, he read law in Tuscaloosa, while acting as private secre- t'ln- to Governor Clay. After beincr admitted to the bar Al» 29 1/1 ll .lF.rl 450 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. he practiced awhile in Tuscaloosa, and then, going to Mobile, followed the business of a commission merchant, as well as his profession. In 1846 he volunteered as a private for the Mexican war in the company of Capt. W. E. Martin, and at the formation of the regiment in Mobile he was elected colonel. The government, hov/ever, did not need the services of the regiment, and only a portion of it got as far as New Orleans. He was, however, reap- pointed to the United States army, as lieutenant-colonel of the Thirteenth infantr>', April 9, 1847, and was pro- moted to colonel of the Ninth infantry September 13th. At the close of the Mexican war he resigned and returned to mercantile pursuits. In 1855 he was a member of the legislature, and the next year mayor of Mobile, in which office he wascontinued year after year, until 1861. At the beginning of the Confederate war he was elected colonel of the Third Alabama infantry and proceeded with it to Norfolk, Va., were he was placed over a brigade, and in May was given command of the eastern division of the Norfolk department under General Huger. In July he received the commission of brigadier-general and was put in command of the defenses of Mobile. When the Con- federates were concentrating for the attack upon Grant. Withers' brigade was brought to Corinth, and in the fierce battle of Shiloh he led a division of two brigades. At the reorganization of the army at Tupelo, he was assigned to command of the reserve division, right wing, army of the Mississippi, Maj.-Gen. Leonidas Polk, and promoted to major-general. In his command were in- cluded Gardner's Alabama brigade, Chalmers' Mississippi brigade, Jackson's Alabama and Mississippi brigade Manigault's Alabama and South Carolina brigade. He led this division in Bragg's campaign in Kentucky, but did not participate in the battle of Perryville on account of being ordered to join the forces under Kirby Smith, just before the engagement. At the battle of Murfrees- boro his diWsion was posted west of the river, and w.is A-, .-A -.. CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. 451 the front center division of the army, its right being the pivot on which the successful wheel of the army was made on December 29th. His skill and gallantry in the battle were highly commended by Polk and Bragg. His division had the most dangerous, difficult work of the day to perform, and they fought nobly, but with terrible loss, 2,500 out of 7,700 engaged. He continued in com- mand of the division during the Tullahoma campaign, and until August 13, 1863, when he was succeeded by General Hindman. During the early part of 1864 he was in district command at Montgomery, and in July he was put in command of the reserve forces of the State, by order of the war department. This position he retained until the close of the war. He then resumed his residence at Mobile, and became editor of the Tribune newspaper of that city. In 1867 he was again elected mayor. His death occurred at Mobile, March 13, 1890. Brigadier-General Sterling Alexander Martin "Wood was bom in Lauderdale county, Ala., in 1823. He took a collegiate course, studied law in Columbia, Tenn., was admitted to the bar in 1845, and became the partner of his brother at Florence, Ala. In 1857 he was representa- \ tive from Lauderdale in the Alabama legislature, and at [. ;. that session v/as elected district solicitor, an office he held i until 1861. He then went into service as captain of the | first company that left Lauderdale county, and upon the | \ organization of the Seventh Alabama he was elected its I colonel. He remained with his regiment at Pensacola i until Februarj', 1862, when he was ordered to Bowling t Green, Ky. His commission as brigadier-general dated from January 7, 1862. At Shiloh his brigade, the Third of Hardee's corps, consisted of the Eighth and Ninth Ar- kansas, Twenty-seventh and Forty-fourth Tennessee, and Forty-fifth Tennessee, Si.xteenth Alabama, Hardcastle's Mississippi battalion, Jefferson light artillery, Aver\-'s Georgia dragoons. Attacking the enemy, he captured 452 CONFEDERATE MILITARY HISTORY. six guns of a battery with the Sixteenth Alabama and two Tennessee regiments, on Sunday. Though thrown from his horse and temporarily disabled, he soon returned to command, and bravely led his men. After the evacu- ation of Corinth and the reorganization at Tupelo, he par- ticipated in Bragg 's Kentucky campaign, in command of the Fourth brigade of Buckner's division, Hardee's corps, distinguished for valor at Perryville. Said General Har- dee: "Brigadier-General Wood was severely wounded by the fragment of a shell ; his quartermaster, commissar)-. and adjutant-general were killed, and the three colonels next in rank, on whom the command successively de- volved, were wounded." In the Murfreesboro campaign he was warmly engaged at Triune December 27th, far in front, checking the Federal advance. On the 31st he shared in the splendid record of Cleburne's division, rout- ing the enemy, and on January ist, sent for^vard to feel the enemy, he lost nearly 100 men. Cleburne acknowl- edged great indebtedness to the efficiency of General Wood in this great conflict. The brigade lost 400, out of 1,100 engaged. On June 29th he was in command, and repulsed the enemy at Liberty Gap, Tenn. In the bat- tle of Chickamauga, his brigade was Lowrey's Mississippi regiment, Samuel Adams' Thirty-third Alabama, Breed- love's Forty-fifth Alabama, McGaughey's Sixteenth, and Hawkins' sharpshooters. On ,the 19th he and his men shared in the intrepid and successful advance of Cleburne, and next day made a desperate attack on Thomas' breast- works, losing 96 killed and 6S0 wounded in thetwo days. After this battle he resigned from the army, and was suc- ceeded in command by Gen. M. P. Lowrey. Subsequently he was engaged in the practice of law at Tuscaloosa. 4feo4